🔴OceanGate - Even Worse Than We Thought | [OFFICE HOURS] Podcast 122

New testimony and evidence reveals that the Titan submersible disaster in 2023 was even worse than we thought.
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[@Gearhart_Music]

The CEO was an impatient prick, and it was going to cost him sooner or later. Had he not been in the submersible, he would probably be in jail right now, or facing serious lawsuits.

[@NickyBlue99]

Just stay in bed if you don't see rushes vision 😅

[@tturi2]

Lying gate, spy gate, diesel gate, ocean gate fully foreshadowed themselves

[@davecrupel2817]

@@NickyBlue99 If you only see "staying in bed" and staying...where Rush is now staying, then yeah. Stay the fvck in bed You could always do things the right way. And get your device properly tested, proven and licensed, and you know, not kill people with false promises and total arrogance. But that doesnt seem to be an option for you. And no. I don't care if you're being sarcastic. Whoosh me if that gets you off. Whatever. What transpired here is not a laughing matter.

[@Just-A-Chill-Gamer1]

Either you tarded or trolling ​@@NickyBlue99

[@Martial-Mat]

Worse still, he saw it as a matter of honour, as though ignoring safety regulations made him a noble maverick.

[@Eyam_Druggs]

The dieseling effect happens when air ignites under rapid compression. You don't need diesel fuel for it to happen. That's what the guy in chat was talking about. When a submarine implodes, the immense pressure of the surrounding water can compress the air within the vessel at an incredibly rapid rate. This rapid compression can generate enough heat to ignite the air. This phenomenon is similar to what happens when a diesel engine compresses air to ignite fuel. However, in the case of a submarine implosion, the compression is even more extreme due to the massive pressure differential

[@AllanFolm]

With a collapse rate of the speed of sound in water, there isn't much time for any dieseling to occur, before the water smashes everything to loose molecules and minerals.

[@parable2788]

Similar to a cavitation bubble but on a larger scale.

[@JasonGarber-n9y]

Cntrl alt delete! Brilliant ! That used too fix everything for me a long long time ago ....😂

[@michaelmoorrees3585]

Adiabatic compression, is the proper thermodynamic term. Google it.

[@hubertcumberdale6404]

Diesel is an amazing power source

[@kylehill]

*Thanks for watching!* Hopefully we can all learn something from this

[@TheDoccMan]

At least i’ve learned that you have not met Albert Einstein

[@immahFIRINmahlazah]

Yeah i learned to stay on dry land!

[@Cara.314]

the example with a soda lid top bending and breaking isn't great... strain isnt about the material eventually breaking when you bend it back and forth, that's known as fatigue failure. Stress and strain is more like a bolt you are tightening and describing the elastic and plastic deformation as it gets tighter. a max torque value for a bolt is often at the point where you reach the max stress, and it's in the region of plastic deformation. it's why many bolts that are torqued to max spec must be replaced after being removed. as long as you stay in the elastic region, fatigue failure is not really a concern provided regular inspection is done, like in the case of bridges. Strain is a dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of change in a material's dimension to its original dimension it's a side point but it was an error i noticed in the presentation. does nothing to diminish the point he was making.

[@HumanGarbage-bk2yk]

the one thing i learned: i'd rather be nuked then be in a submarine 😢

[@LisaSamaritan]

Scott Manley mentioned something interesting in his newest video on Titan and I looked it up: It is obvious that Ocean Gate didn't take all necessary precautions. But everyone say that carbon fibre is a bad idea. The U.S. Navy didn't think so. Naval Ocean System Center made an unmaned submersible called "Advanced Unmanned Search System" (AUSS). It had a similar design as Titan* and is capable of 6000 meters depth (it was pressure tested to 10k psi). This is far deeper than the depth of Titanic (3800 meters). They started using it in 1983 and did 114 dives before being transferred to Navy's Supervisor of Salvage and Diving, in 1994. No idea if it have ever been used since. *According to the technical report: "The pressure vessel is made up of a cylindrical pressure hull and two hemispheres (endbells). The pressure hull is a graphite-fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) composite with a wall thickness of 2.5 inches. The composite structure is filament wound using a process in which bundles of epoxy-wetted graphite filaments are wrapped around a mandrel with alternating hoop and axial winds. Hoop filaments are normal to the cylinder axis (90*) and axial filaments are parallel to the cylinder axis (0°). The hoop-toaxial filament ratio from the cylinder inside diameter through the first 1.0 inch of wall thickness is 2.5 to 1. A 2-to-1 ratio is used for the remainder of the wall thickness, except for the final layer, which is a hoop layer. These filament ratios are used because hoop stress is twice the axial stress in a cylindrical pressure vessel. A titanium coupling ring is bonded to each end of the GFRP cylinder using epoxy resin. These two coupling rings each have a single o-ring groove for face sealing to the endbells. Each endbell is a one-piece titanium machining. Vacuum along with the external water pressure is the primary mechanism for holding the endbells to the pressure hull. Clamp bands act as fairings and also hold the vehicle together if vacuum is lost. In order to electrically connect the vehicle's center section to the forward and aft sections, each endbell is equipped with eight bulkhead connectors. These connectors are 14-pin D.G. O'Brien number 1380018-101 with titanium housings. The pressure vessel has been subjected to hydrostatic pressure testing to 10,000 psi." Obviously there are some differences, like one being used remotely and the other one had people inside. The dimensions are different to (Titan's pressure vessel had a bigger diameter). But the techniques and materials seems comparable. Unfortunately I have not been able to find a report that talks about, if they found any damage to the hull of AUSS.

[@koffeekage]

When “maybe the glue failed” is part of the incident debrief for an ultra deep submersible

[@ShindlersFiist]

Lol😂😂😂😂 right

[@worawatli8952]

That's my bet since learning about this, their epoxy glue work looks so sketchy, I wouldn't even trust it on a domestic water tank repair, no way that would hold a sub.

[@C-mz1bl]

Professor Farnsworth: "Dear Lord, that's over 150 atmospheres of pressure." Fry: "How many atmospheres can this ship withstand?" Prof: "Well it's a spaceship, so I'd say anywhere between zero and one."

[@redshirt5126]

A fairly accurate joke since the carbon fiber used to make Titan was originally used in the construction of airplanes.

[@daveroche6522]

Seriously - there was a phenomenal amount of actual science in Futurama - full marks to all involved!

[@arizona_anime_fan]

kyle, you're much better at math and science then me, but there is an error in your talk about what happens to the human body. what you described is the forces of the ocean minus the decompression, to actually model out what happened you have to take into account the compression of water. that's what's causing the true damage here. see water doesn't really compress, you know this. but at this depth there is SOME compression to the water, it's very small, about 1 cubic inch per cubic yard of water (as i said, not much, roughly 29/30 of the water volume at the surface). that of course is held in that density by your 380 atm of pressure, so the pressure calculations of course are correct. the problem is this. what would water do if it suddenly found a 1 atm void? it would rapidly expand back to it's surface volume at roughly 5 times the speed of sound. THAT is explosive decompression of the water, and the forces it enact is instantiations. and all the water around it will expand as well which is why a shockwave is formed which travels through all the surfaces and splitters your carbon fiber hull into tiny pieces, those pieces are propelled in at 5 times the speed of sound, riding with the water rapidly decompressing into the void (air) of the vestle, shredding the occupants at the speed of 5 times the speed of sound into small meaty paste shattering bones and basically grinding the bodies into paste at the point of equilibrium which in this case formed right around the ring at the back of the sub. which is why the dome didn't blow off, and parts of the sub are still attached to the ring back there. it got the least of the water decompression. a femur might survive intact, depending on where it went and what hit it in the collapse, parts of the skull might have survived (or not, there is AIR in the skull), either way very little solid would have been left over of the 5 people thanks to the depressurization of the water for a moment, the shockwave of decompression would radiate away from the sub causing localized waves of decompression and recompression as water struggles to expand back to it's desired density, before gravity did it's thing and repressurized everything in the area at a rate of 9.81m/s2 and ending the local disturbance. btw: there is no way any one person was ejected, too big and the failure was too fast, and while the gas would have turned into plasma the time required to actually cook or vaporize them wouldn't have been long enough and no where near enough heat for instant vaporization, not enough air for enough plasma to do that instantaneously. i will trust your math on how much air would be needed to flash them into plasma before the ocean put it out.

[@PikaPetey]

This needs to be top comment

[@butstough]

drinking game: every time he says 5 times the speed of sound

[@ruffrack737]

​​@@PikaPetey well hello there, i havent seen this youtuber in some time

[@EarthWingedDragon]

Learning that water does compress under the crushing depth of itself puts a new fear in me. I need to read more about this.

[@JathraDH]

There was a video around the time of the accident that pretty much explained this. I found it interesting at the time. The water actually doesn't move much at all. You can think of it like a tiny VERY rigid spring that doesn't have much travel distance. When the spring decompresses it would only move outwards a tiny bit. The problem is you have an entire ocean of compressed springs behind it. As soon as the first bit of water decompresses the water behind it will decompress and shove that decompressed water forward into the air void. So yes you are correct. The pressure doesn't actually do the destruction, it forces a wall of decompressed water to slam into things at extreme speeds. Or another way of looking at it would be like moving at multiple times the speed of sound and crashing into a surface of water.

[@IVISMiLESIVI]

It's pretty bad when you're a billionaire and you're charging $250,000 per person to dive to the Titanic on your submersible and you skimp out on safety precautions and making it safer.

[@NickyBlue99]

I doubt he had as much money as he said he did.

[@AlexSwanson-rw7cv]

Apparently he was having money troubles that incentivised him to complete dives with paying passengers ("specialists"). He keeps being called a billionaire but I wonder if that was ever true, let alone when he died.

[@ricktbdgc]

They signed a waiver

[@mikeall7012]

You don't get a billion by always doing the right thing

[@harrycolligan8300]

He was not a billionaire he was barely afloat he needed the money that's why he skipped and rushed everything

[@MadJustin7]

Football field per kilometer is the most American thing I've heard you say.

[@yam83]

That's nothing. Henry Chan from 9 Hole Reviews uses M-16 lengths to measure in meters, since the standard M-16A2 is almost exactly 1 meter long.

[@davecrupel2817]

Best one i ever heard: Football fields per moon landing.

[@advan0s]

@@yam83 Hello there fellow 9 Hole enjoyer!

[@sorrenblitz805]

Technically a meter is 1.1 yards. 100 yards for a Football field 10 football fields for just about a kilometer.

[@graydi66y]

Football pitch* soccer field

[@michaelmoorrees3585]

Byford Dolphin incident, had nothing to do with dolphins, but was an off shore oil rig diving accident, in 1983. It involved a team of saturation divers, who were in a compression chamber, pressurized at the depth they had been diving at. The chamber was at the surface. Due to a procedural error, a crew member accidentally released all that pressure in the chamber. The pressure dropped from 9 atmospheres to 1 atmosphere, in a very short time, killing the whole team, in a gruesome, but mercifully fast manner.

[@isaacthedestroyerofstuped7676]

Yeah, they were basically extruded explosively

[@mekabare]

To add some gruesome detail for those curious: a couple guys basically got boiled alive from the inside as the nitrogen in their blood did some funny stuff one diver, diver 4, very unfortunate guy, was near the slightly opened hatch and had his complete abdominal cavity catapulted out, including a part of his spinal cord, which they found 30 feet away on top of the tower. The recovery team could not find all his parts, but tried to reassemble what they could, including the mask of his face. So like, the fleshy part.

[@Fred_Nickles]

​@mekabare no better word than gruesome here. Knew about it, didn't know all THAT

[@discripple]

The crab getting sucked into the pipe is essentially what happened to one of the crew. Got forced out of a chamber thru the partially opened hatch; partially opened meaning, a crescent about 2 feet wide at it's widest. There are pix of what they found of him on the deck. At some distance from the chamber. They are not nice. Also, some years back, a report came out that the dive tender they blamed it on was just a convenient scapegoat and the real cause was faulty equipment. Families sued the Norwegian government behind that report and won their case, if you can call getting some $$ almost 3 decades later a "win". Also, one of the dive tenders outside the chamber survived.

[@thew00dsman79]

@@discrippleYeah Delta-P is a bitch, it’s horrific

[@Koushakur]

250 fucking thousand dollars per ticket and they could not even be bothered to but in all the bolts...

[@NickyBlue99]

Bolts are a want not a need trole. TWU

[@fasfan]

I was a submariner in the Navy. And we always joked that our boat was made by the lowest bidder. Sort of dark humor to face that idea head on to keep it from haunting you. Lol

[@lordzuzu6437]

Still had to comply with the Technical Specifications from the navy (and it's still quite dangerous). These guys were just improvising

[@fasfan]

@@lordzuzu6437 totally. We had many strict safety standards. Especially after the Scorpion. They implemented the SUBSAFE program which improved safety by a lot. So much so that the US has not lost another sub since. These guys could have taken a note or two.

[@just9911]

Fucked up way to think about it and be reassured. They may not care about you guys, but they definitely care about the expensive equipment & weapons on board. And they don’t want the embarrassment of losing a sub. That’s added incentive to get it right. Doing “the right thing” for self serving reasons.

[@robster7787]

Lol. I’m on the other side of the spectrum speaking as someone from General Dynamics Electric Boat. Dont worry, its in our best interest that General Dynamics keeps the US military as a major customer.

[@fasfan]

@@robster7787 I appreciate how well you built them. Thanks. ;)

[@TimNutting]

"Stockton Rush we miss you," no, no we should not. He fostered this culture of incompetence. He murdered everyone on that submersible.

[@LukeSumIpsePatremTe]

Not murder, just gross neglience.

[@leechowning2712]

@@LukeSumIpsePatremTe this is the same as the guy who drives 100 mph on the highway because "I am a very good driver, and modern cars are extremely safe even in accidents". No this is manslaughter at least, if not straight murder for him, all his senior officers, and every person who willingly ignored the fact the marine insurers would not touch it, the international association of submariners had said it was a death trap, or had ignored that they had fired the ONLY submarine rated person on staff to put this thing together... or when the first hull failed in testing, the second was built with nearly no record of it, and passed off as the first to prevent "unneccesary worry". This should not be a "neutral hearing". This should be criminal charges.

[@iloAugsburg]

​​@@LukeSumIpsePatremTe if lots of people say: "that will kill people." And you do it anyway, because you will not listen to reason, then that is murder. Like throwing bricks onto a sidewalk. You know someone could die, and it doesnt matter to you. In Germany that would count as murder, if someone dies. That he himself died is for me no evident, he did not care, he cared for no human life, simply said.

[@mrwisher1250]

“Where they crushed or liquified” “Yes”

[@Yaivenov]

"And combusted."

[@RadioactuveToy]

I remember learning about a diving bell accident and the rapid depressurization caused the guys sleeping in the pressure chamber to have their blood instantly boil and solidify. I would say they were cooked and splattered.

[@FirstnameLastname-bn4gv]

People are placing far more emphasis on the “combusted/cooked” part, though. They were pulverized so quickly that there wasn’t enough time to be cooked very much.

[@Yaivenov]

@@FirstnameLastname-bn4gv Perhaps a light sear on the pate?

[@FirstnameLastname-bn4gv]

@@Yaivenov Medium rare, at most

[@aaronvokins9686]

As horrifying as this is, I find comfort in them not suffering any pain. Not that that means anything. It should have never happened in the first place.

[@laniakeas92]

The mental suffering was strong though. They probably knew they about to be annihilated.

[@piedpiper1172]

@@laniakeas92There is no reason to think they knew. The only “evidence” of such is from a single unsubstantiated and unsourced new report that is apparently based on a misunderstanding of how the ballast weights are used. “Any crack you hear didn’t kill you.” Unless some radically new information comes out in the testimony, they had no idea, no reason to be more afraid before the end. They were approaching the bottom and then it failed. They were dead before their nerves could carry signals to their brain that something was wrong.

[@middyjohn]

@@laniakeas92 I think thats just dread in general of being that deep in the titan sub that has its hull creaks and technical/equipment issues on every dive.

[@chrislau494]

About the diesel ignition, the human bodies were the diesel that got ignited during the adiabatic compression.

[@ArbitraryConstant]

ideal gas flaw

[@lordzuzu6437]

What's the Cetane Number of the human body 💀

[@mikerentiers]

I wonder if the CEO had ever been SCUBA diving? I've been down to roughly 150ft and you begin to understand the how at mercy you are to pressure. From painfully clearing your sinus cavities every ten feet to the nitrogen toxicity in your blood, but it is the compression you feel on your body that brings it home. Wear a dry suit and it's really real. That fool would have had a lot more respect for pressure if he was;t an arrogant neofyte to the water. I cannot believe anyone looked at the sub made of two different material, each responding to pressure differently, and thought that it was safe.

[@tornagawn]

Wound Carbon fibre is strong in tension and makes great pressure containment vessels (and possibly deep pressures as a bathysphere….(preferably ball shaped for even pressure distribution… Wound Carbon fibre in a tube, glued to a dissimilar metal? NOT ideal to withstand compressive forces…clearly….

[@michaelmoorrees3585]

The Apollo Project didn't just start with the Apollo 1. The data gathered from prior projects, including Mercury, Gemini, and the X-15, in addition to smaller less conspicuous experiments, and a lot of engineering, all contributed to the moon shot.

[@platedlizard]

And even then there were two real bad incidents, Apollo 1 burned with crew onboard during testing and of course we've all seen Apollo 11. And that's with the incredible safety margin NASA demands

[@Bob-nc5hz]

@@platedlizard nit: apollo 13, apollo 11 was the successful one.

[@nyanbinary1717]

It's wild to be that Rojas, a technical diver, doesn't seem to see how unsafe all of this was. Technical diving requires a huge amount of forethought and well-tested safety practices. She understands what it takes to dive deep safely. I get that diving in a submersible is different, but given what an intense safety mindset you have to have to not die while diving, I would have thought she'd be a bit more cautious. These people have more money than sense.

[@nataliescott2261]

She wanted to find titanic but someone else did ; so this was her playing explorer they made her feel like she was part of the team . One day she might realize how close she came to death from their poor safety

[@bilboswaggings]

Knows so much she is overconfident, doesn't know enough to be aware of the dumb overconfidence

[@maryjanedodo]

You can tell she's a banker by her total disregard for ethics or regulation

[@Bob-nc5hz]

@@nataliescott2261 I don't think she's anywhere near old enough to ever have had a chance of finding Titanic: Titanic was found by Robert Ballard in 1985 using ROVs. He also did the first manned dive on the wreck in 1986.

[@michaelhill6451]

Consider the fact that in the Byford Dolfin accident the pressure was only about ~132 PSI. We are talking about ~6,000 PSI with the Titan sub implosion (~45 times more pressure). That's comparable to the pressure you find in firearm barrels like shotguns. I firmly believe the occupants of the Titan sub were more or less liquefied and extruded out the opening in the stern of the sub.

[@LexYeen]

They simply became physics.

[@Cheater357]

So far my favorites have been, "Stockton Mush" and "Captain Crunch"

[@maryjanedodo]

Rojas having Stockton Syndrome made me lol

[@DeadGirl-oz3vl]

Stockton Crush

[@silenttoxic707]

Kyle not knowing about the Byford dolphin incident is kind of mind blowing

[@willo7734]

Waterline Stories in the house

[@michaelpipkin9942]

A bit.

[@dbissex]

It must be a Mandela Effect thing, but I swear I've seen a video with Kyle covering that very accident. I guess not!

[@kdawson020279]

So was the Byford Dolphin incident, although in a more literal, speed of sound kind of mind blowing. I saw the autopsy photos. Don't do too much research unless you can handle seeing human mulch.

[@markiefufu]

​@@kdawson020279holy cr@p! If 9 atmospheres to 1 atmosphere can do that to a human body, I can't imagine what 380 to 1 would do. It had to be a human purée.

[@danielfox9461]

For the curious the biford dolphin was an incident where a saturation diver got what the crab in this video experienced but in reverse. His body was blown through a gap a couple inches wide at ungodly speed and force. His ribs and vertebrae were all over the deck. Four other divers had their blood boiled and lungs burst but they weren't mutilated in the same fashion.

[@AllanFolm]

The white semi-planar thing you see attached to the rear hemisphere is the technical stuff under the floor with the batteries and oxygen tanks. The hull and the inner sleeve is totally obliterated.

[@jerome5362]

How many atmospheres of pressure can the ISS hold? "Well it's a spaceship so anywhere between 0 and 1."

[@petitwallaby]

The thing that blew my mind was the Rush interview where he essentially said that there's too much safety regulations and it's not necessary because there are so little submarine-related deaths. And at NO point does it occur to him that maybe there are so little submarine incidents BECAUSE of those regulations!

[@quinnzykir]

They basically treated their submersible like Bethesda treats their fallout and elder scroll games. Just patch it and ignore people when they say it’s still broken

[@robster7787]

I’m just sitting here as a mechanical engineer specializing in hydrostatic systems and structures just nodding along. The lesson in material science and strength of materials was a weird nostalgia trip… and kinda reassuring that all the engineering schools are teaching the same stuff.

[@outcastmoth78kaminski4]

Understand when they say recovering human remains at this point they're talking more of a... residual trace rather than anything you can bury.

[@ricktbdgc]

It was a goo

[@marilynjarvis8228]

sufficient to identify each of the 5 submersible occupants interestingly

[@outcastmoth78kaminski4]

@@marilynjarvis8228 teeth work well for that

[@NickyBlue99]

​@@ricktbdgc Tasty jam*

[@maryjanedodo]

It would be tiny bone fragments lodged into the wreckage or shoe leather at best

[@christopherrichardd]

i literally just missed the stream, but hey i'm first to watch the vod!

[@joshuakennicott884]

Ditto 🥲

[@saladealer]

same

[@bennettaukerman6802]

For those of you still confused, carbon fiber is basically the opposite of concrete. A cinder block performs very well under the stress of a compressive force but will consistently fail miserably under the stress of a stretching force. Carbon fiber is great at containing pressure (an outwardly stretching force) but does poorly under the compressive forces of the deep ocean, which is why everyone else uses much more compressive-resilient materials when designing submersibles.

[@nicholassteffenhagen5074]

Gotcha, I’ll make my next submarine out of concrete instead 👍🏼

[@noodlelova3]

Literally what smugglers do. ​@@nicholassteffenhagen5074

[@bobd2659]

As additional info re: Factor of Safety. In theatre/entertainment, we work on both 8:1 AND 10:1. If someone is underneath it an any point, it's 8:1, if YOU are the thing above the ground (think Peter Pan)...it's 10:1. And not JUST 8 or 10:1...but redundant in many cases. IE, at least 2 or 3 failure points, so a single point of failure 'can', even with dynamic forces, be made 'safe' by other points.

[@ileolai]

''you jump out of a plane because you know its safe'' yes, and if something goes wrong and a jump was unsafe, we have all sorts of rules in place to figure out and punish who was responsible for negligence, because as a society we have agreed things should be safe!

[@Thor_Asgard_]

fun fact: There is no reliable glue, known to mankind, that glues together carbon fiber and titanium

[@RocketSurgn_]

They really are both relatively hard enough materials to use right on their own, and yeah even more of a problem together. Each of the can be great in the right use case but those ideal uses are a surprisingly narrow range. Much of the time they are objectively worse than easier alternatives. So many individual things were done in exactly the worst possible way out of some combination of wild levels of negligence and arrogance.

[@HexwareGaming]

The only person on that sub to feel bad for is the kid. He told his mom before hand that he didn't want to go and was scared but his dad made him go anyway.

[@NickyBlue99]

I want his rubix cube

[@leechowning2712]

The only evidence we have on that was the statement by one aunt. His mom never confirmed the story, so I have to assume it, like that "leaked transcript" last year, was not confirmed.

[@thepenguin9]

​@@leechowning2712probably feels guilt for allowing it If I was the kid in that situation, I'd be kicking and screaming not to get in from my claustrophobia alone

[@maxismozark1124]

The family mostly said he was excited 🤷​@@leechowning2712

[@Spamhard]

I wish this same generic comment wasn't posted on every single oceangate vid. This is the real proof of how false news spreads fast and you see it everywhere.

[@johnnymerchant]

I watched the footage last night, and haunting is definitely the right word. Disturbing.

[@harrietharlow9929]

Very disturbing. A harrowing example of what pressure at that depth can do.

[@NickyBlue99]

Haunting from the rubix cubes ghost?

[@thepenguin9]

​@@NickyBlue99hey, you're off your medication or purposefully being disrespectful. If its the former, please go and take them as you're off baseline If its the latter, seek the former

[@tracymetherell8744]

The video of the aft titanium dome with basically the remains of the crew compartment squished into it like an empty toothpaste tube made me physically ill.

[@ricktbdgc]

​@@NickyBlue99 intrusive thoughts

[@Tardisntimbits]

​@@NickyBlue99You're very desperately fishing in these comments today, it's been a while since I saw a trawler like you. Bad haul?

[@NickyBlue99]

​@@Tardisntimbits I'm just messing about, sheesh!

[@kill-network]

​@@Tardisntimbits r u slow? Sure seems like it... 😂😂😂

[@Tardisntimbits]

@@kill-network No. I just have the dignity and sense to not talk so disrespectfully about five people's mortal remains, people that are still being actively mourned.

[@BSFJeebus]

the lesson is and always was, don't ignore safety because you think you know better.

[@tfhmobil]

I’ve been working with more than 5.000 atm. Aka. like more than 10 times the pressure here. 30 years ago…… I’m also a STCW marine engineer. The construction and management of this vessel is to be criticized in any way possible. Any who had any kind of responsibility in construction or management of this vessel must be held accountable ! I’m horrified that is was allowed to go to sea at all.

[@Tracy-xe9zu]

Kyle! Will you ever do a Half-Life History on Hisashi Ouchi? I always appreciate the way you present victims of radiation incidents as people deserving of sympathy and care, and not just as characters for the audience's amusement. There are also some myths surrounding his subsequent care that I think your platform would be good at addressing.

[@DamienBlade]

All his knowledge, skill, and intelligence aside, the fact that Kyle says he wakes up looking like Thor is the most impressive thing.

[@CaptainBlitz]

When you said you look like Aquaman (Jason Momoa) I can't unsee it now

[@michaelyoung7261]

That “Safety Theater” Is very very concerning to me, especially compared to the very safety conscious workplace where I work. *SAFETY FIRST. ALWAYS. WITHOUT HESITATION*

[@jasonnugent963]

There was a County facility I used to walk past all the time that had a Safety sign on the gate that said: “Safety First - Everyone comes home today.”…. I always thought that was a good way to remind people how safety is everyone looking out for everyone.

[@Tazallax]

Stream starts @2:24

[@crazyeyez1502]

🫡Hero... this needs pinned.

[@BlightningBrightling]

honestly when those videos released, I clicked on them pretty quickly. But once I started watching, I really felt like I shouldn't have.

[@marvhollingworth663]

The more I hear about this, the worse it sounds!

[@shards0fwords]

No notification boo. rewatch crew none the less!!

[@eacalvert]

Love that YT didn't notify me 😢

[@louisrobitaille5810]

This just means that you're not watching his vide on-release often enough. YT won't notify you as soon as a video comes out (or stream or wtv) if you don't click immediately on the notification whenever it shows up. It might only notify you when it thinks you'll want to see it (based on your watching habit, e.g. watching news in the morning, gaming during the day, and ASMR at night).

[@eacalvert]

First live stream I've missed in a looooong time. It means I wasn't able to do the THQOTW

[@nedflanders4158]

The thing that scares me is that it happened so quickly they wouldn't even have been aware it happened. Just instantly not existing.

[@DebraJean196]

That comforts me.

[@13371138]

It's quite a thought. Especially if there is an afterlife.

[@arturobandini4078]

Right. They don't even know they're dead. That's crazy to try and understand.

[@harrycolligan8300]

The carbon fiber he used was discarded aviation material that was not fit for aviation

[@DrownedLamp9]

Life (Saving?) Pro Tip: Ctrl + Shift + Esc = Opens task manager with one hand Ctrl + Alt + Del = Opens an option to open task man. or sign out, switch users or lock I think the Del option can be another opportunity for windows explorer to freeze or stutter

[@CNCmachiningisfun]

As ALWAYS, it is the innocent among us who are obliged to pay *dearly* for the utter incompetence of others!

[@grudgebearer1404]

No innocents were harmed tho.

[@CNCmachiningisfun]

@@grudgebearer1404 Can you prove that?

[@SesshyLover777]

There is more rigorous scrutiny on the work instructions I write at the manufacturing company I work at than this ENTIRE SUB HAD

[@janhaverkamp2842]

Compressive strenght of human bone is 140 MPa

[@isaacthedestroyerofstuped7676]

Yeah he used the tensile strength for some reason. The end result is the same though

[@tturi2]

I think the difference in magnitude between water pressure and bone strength is still the same outcome 😬

[@R.ELL1]

You're definitely giving off aquaman vibes😂😂😂

[@headcreeps5738]

He always reminds me of Thor. Like a slightly out of shape Thor that hasn’t lifted weights in a while…and spends his days mostly at the Library.😂

[@azazel7139]

It wasn't Titanic that killed these people , it wasn't pressure, it was one mans huge ego.

[@oyvey8520]

A Nile Crocodile's bite generates about 34.4 MPa of pressure. Internal volume of the Titan sub was roughly 22.52㎥. So what they experienced inside the Titan sub was more than the momentary force of being macerated upon by at least 25-30 Nile Crocodiles simultaneously, and where the biting force was distributed evenly over their entire bodies and in every direction.

[@lomiification]

This is not quite how that works. The force is the pressure*area. The pressure will be the same between the two over their relevant areas, but the actually force on the sub is much much larger. Basically the ratio between the croc's pointy teeth and the surface area of outside of the sub

[@JollyRogerAerospace]

I saw a clip somewhere of the build process of these submersibles. There are no real seals. The rings are glued and pressed onto the carbon fiber tube, then the caps bolted on. There's no structural reinforcement to speak of. You should see if you can find that video. Adds some perspective to what happened and their safety levels.

[@Spamhard]

It's more like sending Christopher Columbus on a boat made of cardboard; it's a material that might work for a while, especially if thick enough, but oh boy don't count on it lasting multiple or lengthy trips. Plus all his crew are inexperienced deck swabbers. And they stored their food in just whatever they felt like. But even then; they weren't exploring anything! The Titanic wreck had been explored many hundreds of times since it's discovery. They weren't intreped explorers going to new places, they were the equivilant of an adrenaline junky deciding to sky dive with an uncertified and unchecked parachute made of paper.

[@davecrupel2817]

One of the things people need to learn from this: Stockton in all his arrogance didnt like, among other things, the idea of "old white men" telling him what to do. Don't be like Stockton Rush. Look at their credentials, and their experience & expertise. Not their age and skin color.

[@NickyBlue99]

Wasn't stocken rush an old white dude... shouldn't he not tell people what to do...? He sounds like a hypocrite

[@davecrupel2817]

@@NickyBlue99 100% was a hypocrite. Probably didnt have a mirror anywhere in his house.

[@razorfett147]

Honestly that phrase from him was all that anyone needed to hear to understand what a complete tool he was. An old white dude vilifying old white dudes 😂🤦

[@Salien1999]

Yeah, that was one of many farces of his. He didn't dislike old, white men because of some woke ideal of diversity, but because (as someone else on here put it) in engineering "old, white men tend to be pretty expensive, and have no qualms telling you your idea is stupid." Much cheaper for him to just hire a bunch of young entry level engineers or interns who are too scared to argue with him and can work Solidworks. It's a bit of a trend in the industry, along with outsourcing shit to India, and it always ends in disaster.

[@LeonheartDelta]

​@@Salien1999 That line about older engineers came from an "Alexander the ok" video.

[@Aidan-kp9rt]

I'm currently an Aero Engineer student. There's factor of safety (FS) and margin of safety (MS), and depending on the application there's different ways of applying these factors. For example FS = (Ultimate Yield Stress / Designed Yield Maximum), Basically not allowing your design to reach a stress over the designed yield maximum, therefore setting your FS. Then MS = FS - 1, which is just a general measurement of how safe your design is. However, there is also the theoretical FS vs FS_Design, where through the slight inaccuracies of manufacturing we end up with the actual FS, and we can compare this to the predicted FS. This (Theoretical FS / FS_design) is fairly useful in aerospace as rockets and their components are built with relatively low FS, as every KG vastly increases the cost of getting things to space, therefore tight margins. In many aerospace applications they use a different MS where FS_design is factored in. MS = (FS / FS_design) - 1 Just generally interesting engineering stuff I've learned and applicable to the conversation.

[@Xmvw2X]

There's some major issues with composites in general. They are not homogeneous structures. They are not even chemically bonded structures. They are mechanical assemblies, fundamentally. There are strands and filler material, and they are mechanically bonded because the strands are, let's say...fuzzy. An analogy might be taking a rope and melting wax around it. That's the kind of bond we're talking about. That's also the kind of dissimilar we're talking about in terms of material strength, thermal expansion, stress, strain, and everything else. Composites are cool assemblies, but they are extremely unreliable because it's a packaged mixture of dissimilar stuff with wildly different properties. But carbon fiber has a special kind of problem when used in applications like this. It's not just brittle. It shatters into dust. I will repeat that for those in the back row. When it fails under high stress, say an impact, it goes "poof" into dust. Equally, because this is a mechanical assembly, it is exceptionally hard to tell if the material is structurally ok, like ever. You need to xray the structure and look at it magnified to evaluate if the structure is breaking down. Just looking at it externally, you'll have no clue if it's any good. This was a major problem in early F1 cars. The monocoque structures had big problems with fatigue and impacts. This is a big reason why carbon/kevlar is now a common mixture. It still fails, but the failure mode is no longer "poof." Another fun fact, carbon fiber doesn't like sticking to the matrix. It's kind of really bad at it. It's too slippery and doesn't have enough fibers to grab onto. In turn, it just makes it easier to fail because that mechanically connection isn't as good as other composites. Lastly, it's important to note we are always talking about a mechanical assembly. So you have this really strong carbon fiber, but...everything in between is just polyester or similar plastic, and this plastic is only as strong as itself. This carbon and plastic mechanical assembly is only as strong as its weakest part, and over time, that plastic is only so strong. Just like the example above with rope and wax. The rope might be tough enough, but does the wax hold up to the mechanical loads, thermals, chemicals, etc.? Pair that to structures like metal rings, fasteners, and so on, and now you have these stress points, mechanical load, and dissimilar strain profiles that are causing all kinds of bad loading you have to design for.

[@mshepard2264]

A safety factor of 5 is for like civil engineering like bridges. In aerospace an submersibles a safety factor of 2 is more common. For non critical 1.5 would be normal.

[@r.nicogorodetzky3084]

The lack of seatbelts or even seats - imagine being dropped down so hard the cap comes off, but you and your can-mates are loose in that can. Imagine you get tangled in some titanic wreckage and you fall over from your seated position and loose the controller, or break it, when it leaves your hands

[@nataliescott2261]

Hopefully from this awful event never again will something that goes in the ocean with passengers or mission specialists not be tested independently or safety be treated like a joke . Bring up safety get fired or sued can’t believe how many at ocean gate thought it ok don’t worry

[@MySerpentine]

Hah! Every safety regulation in history has only been forced on the employers after too many people have died. And this idiot just ignored those.

[@shigaraja]

I have to agree with Serpentine here. this will not be the last time this happens. some human will always be greedy and try to cut corners and will always end up getting other people hurt.

[@grudgebearer1404]

On the contrary, as many billionaires and millionaires want to bunch together and get their Darwin Award the better. Researches and actually serious people wouldn't fall for this scam

[@allineedis1mike81]

When the ship carrying the wreckage came back media outlets were reporting that remains were recovered from the wreckage. They didn't give any descriptors other than "remains". It would be similar to remains recovered from high speed airline crashes. Probably very little that would be recognizable.

[@NickyBlue99]

I ate the remains

[@allineedis1mike81]

@@NickyBlue99 I'd assume it was a little salty.

[@devion22]

The Byford Dolphin accident is the best/saddest example of delta-p (9 atm), since it immediately gives an explanation of what it does to the human body.

[@JayDawn01]

Ah man I was at work when this was live. Ah well, I'll catch it now.

[@fewless06]

It isn't called office hours for nothing ig lol

[@aidanpysher2764]

It was closer to Soyuz/Vostok than Apollo. Ironically, even the Soviets made a manned submersible that actually made it to the Titanic: the Mir.

[@mshepard2264]

The MIR submersible were excellent. The Russians have the forges for it.

[@tuna3461]

The fact that someone at ocean gate is still defending that death trap is unbelievable.

[@andersmccormack]

Advert every 5 mins. I know he needs to get paid but damn. His hair products must be well expensive 😄

[@nilslindstrom8087]

play the last 10 sec of the video and hit replay to watch without ads

[@DebraJean196]

@@nilslindstrom8087really???? Neat trick. I’ll try it next time!

[@andersmccormack]

​@@nilslindstrom8087I thought they fixed that. I'll give it a go 😊

[@arturobandini4078]

​@@nilslindstrom8087Good tip!

[@Javierm0n0]

Every five has to be youtube's doing. I've only gotten 4-5 ad breaks while watching.

[@asdf-y2c]

scott manley made a video about it as well and has a pretty convincing theorie: The failure happened at the titanium ring that connected the carbon fiber tube and the front dome. That means that the water pressure shot the front dome away from the sub while all the rest was pushed to the back

[@crazynachos4230]

For anyone wondering, NASA's usual factor of safety is between 1.4 and 2, getting higher for untested equipment

[@jldisme]

It has been zero days since I figured out he was saying chat, instead of Chad. I could never figure out who Chad was.

[@thomasdaneault2176]

Saw khrungbin live in Portland Maine when I didn’t know about them. My friend got me a ticket. it was extremely impressive. Even better live somehow than they are on their recordings. I didn’t know what to expect but walked away a devout fan and haven’t stopped listening

[@neurohacking_xyz]

It was a merciful death, it was already over before anyone could comprehend what happened.

[@megalopath]

"How many atmospheres can the ship withstand?" "Well, it's a space ship, so I'd say anywhere between zero and one."

[@krosanreaper]

Picture of a librarian submarine taken by a government submarine

[@Tardisntimbits]

Submersible. A submarine is an autonomous vehicle, a submersible requires a platform to launch from and return to. A submarine can be operated indefinitely at sea under it's own power. A submersible has a limited power supply, and must return to it's launch platform.

[@blister762]

I've watched/listened to all 4 days of the hearings. During the opening statements on the first day the Coast Guard stated that human remains were recovered from the wreckage when it was carefully brought to the surface, they were taken to Dover and the Air Force Medical Examiners System identified all 5 victims by DNA. If you watch the actual Coast Guard feed of the hearing it will be at the 56 minute mark. So there were enough human remains in the wreckage of the sub to identify. They were not completely destroyed as a lot of people here have been saying.

[@robertmaddox6162]

39:00 not sure if he talks about this again later, but carbon can be a material that handles dynamic loads AND pressure cycling. The fuselage of planes like the 787 handles pressure cycles every flight, not to mention the wings that encounter one of the most dynamic loads imaginable. Carbon over wrapped pressure vessels also exist and can handle huge pressures while being reusable.

[@isaacthedestroyerofstuped7676]

Big emphasis on the *CAN*

[@robertmaddox6162]

@@isaacthedestroyerofstuped7676 I’m not denying that the way they made titan was inappropriate for what they were trying to do, but carbon fiber has very different properties depending on a lot of factors. To dismiss it as only good for static loads it’s just actually false

[@PeteOtton]

@@robertmaddox6162 Planes and other pressure vessels with a higher internal pressure puts the carbon fiber into tension, something it is good at. For deep sea diving you need something that will withstand compression. Also there is a huge difference in cycling < 1 atm of pressure versus several hundred atms of pressure, assuming it can even handle one cycle to max pressure. Carbon fiber like cast iron or concrete is a brittle material and will fail with little or no warning. Steel or titanium will go from plastic to permanent deformation and actually require more pressure to break until it reaches complete failure, so if your design stays within the plastic region you have a nice safety factor and built in warning.

[@robertmaddox6162]

@@PeteOtton carbon fiber doesn’t have to be brittle just like steel doesn’t have to be ductile Carbon fiber can vary greatly based on layup orientations, resin, etc… just like different alloys of metal and heat treating can change their properties I’m not saying ocean gate should have used it, my issue is that in Kyle’s video I think his characterization of CF is inaccurate considering it’s used in a ton of dynamic applications

[@LiveFreeOrDie2A]

He COULD have been on to something if he had been trying to launch a less expensive, more operator friendly, shallow water submersible for research and recreation. I could see day long dives down to shallow ship wrecks and ancient underwater cities. Every research university may have eventually had one in their toolbox. BUT he resented the “experts” in general and actively set out to be antagonistic to anyone who may have called him on mistakes. Sadly.

[@Lithos2k]

Regarding water pressure... we also like to think water as non compressible but actually, at those regimes of pressure it does compress slightly... like extremely hard spring... you get much more acceleration when it slams in to cavity at implosion.

[@willo7734]

Always good to see the modern day Carl “Aquaman” Sagan at work.

[@tristanlasley8030]

Even Carbon MTB frames undergo a xray like test for defects in production , and after hard crashes. Kinda weird they wouldn't scan the entire vessel like that after undergoing great atmospheric pressure.

[@LiveFreeOrDie2A]

The megapascals of this implosion (52MPa) was nearly identical to the bursting pressure of a 1” diameter pipe bomb (55MPa). Their bodies were subjected to the pressure of a bursting pipe bomb just in on themselves

[@varundattoo9512]

Just wow, how did this company even get away putting people into that death trap. I know they showed a clip of the construction of it; basically a strip of carbon fiber material coated in resin being wound onto the flimsy body. You didn't need any engineering knowledge to simply see that, that thing was extremely unsafe. At least this tragic incident serves the greater good in regards to regulations, safety and design.

[@Foxxorz]

Fun fact: concrete typically fails at 3000-4000psi. It's likey there were only bones and gristle remaining in the vessel.

[@aland7236]

If "wet" wasn't a factor they'd have been turned into dust in an instant.

[@Stonehawk]

Aquaman x Thor = Kyle

[@-castradomis-1773]

Cameron said it best "you'd be turned into a meat cloud in a nanosecond" And Cameron dove to Challenger Deep, which is over *1000 atm*

[@tomshariat4167]

IM so happy I have something to listen to that's long enough for me to walk my dog, made my day better :D

[@fatman2434]

Heard a theory that It wasn't the carbon fiber that failed. It was the connection point between the forward ring and the Carbon fiber.. implying the thing everyone was saying as the point of weakness might not have been the point of Weakness in this event. Implying that Carbon fiber is fine at depth and multiple pressure changes ?

[@fatman2434]

I think we should test this at mini scale and like 1000 compression/decompression events!

[@Hughjaoses8766]

Adiabatic Compression is why it "exploded". Compressing air into a small space very quickly causes the air itself to ignite. Diesel engines do it, but diesel is not required as Adiabatic Compression is the ACT not the CATALYST

[@davecrupel2817]

Lifelong space nerd here. I have pretty thick skin for a millennial. I do not take offense to things easily or lightly. But when she compared this sub to the Apollo program, I took that fvcking personally.

[@danceswithmules]

I've seen that many comparisons have been drawn between Oceangate and SpaceX's hardware-rich "Build fast and break things" developmental approach. However, there's a world of difference between sending five people down in an experimental submersible that's not had any certifying agency look at it and flying unmanned prototypes with flight profiles maintaining public safety in the event of a RUD as overseen by a government body responsible for the public safety (the FAA, in this case). Of course there is never zero risk, but risk can certainly be managed better than Oceangate did.

[@leechowning2712]

Beside the whole "we do not carry passengers, we carry volunteers who happened to pay us the equivalent of a house in a nice suburb". Not the same. Not even close.

[@Ashakat42]

If Elon could get away with this do not doubt that he would have mission specialists at every level of his operations.

[@micah8793]

Also that spacex is being sued by the fed for violating safety protocols and stuff

[@giantevilpandas]

As someone who used to make prosthetics & orthotics I can tell you that carbon is not reliable over long term strain.

[@RadicalEdwardStudios]

This is not like sending columbus on a plane. This is like sending people over on a boat. We've used boats for millennia. They're well known technologies, with well known parameters. This is like sending columbus on a real boat, having it go great, and deciding to send more people over, but on a paper mache boat, for "some" reason.

[@robwoodring9437]

KZbin is absolutely raping this video with ads. Halfway in and I've lost count at TEN ads.

[@nilslindstrom8087]

Thats why you first play the last 10 sec of the video and hit replay to watch without the ads ;)

[@robwoodring9437]

@@nilslindstrom8087 I will be sure to Roger that.

[@drsteiner12]

Heard of adblocker?

[@robwoodring9437]

@drsteiner12 which works for a day or two. Then gets overridden. Then hunt for new adblocker. Repeat ad nauseum.

[@rulestyle2005]

​@@robwoodring9437try ublock origin, haven't had a single ads with it on

[@Bradley-s5o]

Thanks for your scientific clarity. Kyle Hill.

[@daveroche6522]

"Culture of Unsafety" - perfect name for the book.....

[@theBestElliephant]

So there is an asterisk on cyclic loading and deformation, and that is w/r shape-specific applications. Wings on aircraft, for example, are designed to undergo a lot of cyclic stress throughout flights while maintaining their shapes. If your wing is the wrong shape, your plane won't fly. So materials like CF that don't deform are better, cuz you maintain airfoil integrity and with regular inspection you can usually spot signs of failure like delamination or wear&tear. You just have to be careful about FoS, cuz the key to maintaining your composites is keeping stresses well below the UTS, and the way to do that is choosing an appropriate factor.