Lecture 01: Introduction to Robots and Robotics

[@pingoleonfernandez7638]

Thank you very much for this lesson. Respect from Argentina to Indian people.

[@suryaprakash3768]

Nice man

[@sidver2578]

For the first time ever someone thanked an indian youtube lecture instead of making fun of accent

[@mroogabooga8763]

I mean the accent is funny sometimes, i won't lie about that. If that makes me a bad person so be it. But no one should underestimate your intelligence

[@palmtrees9474]

Thank you teacher! Respect and greetings from Serbia, the land of Novak Djokovic, Nikola Tesla, and many other great people, to dear India!

[@BEAST-45]

For me Nikola tesla is love ❤

[@nimoningthouja]

00:16 Introduction to robots and robotics 03:42 A robot is a reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator used in industrial automation. 06:55 Robots are more reprogrammable than CNC machines, and robotics is a multi-disciplinary field. 10:17 Automation is the solution for reducing production costs, increasing productivity, and improving product quality. 13:37 Robotics has various applications in manufacturing, space, medical science, agriculture, and more. 16:57 Development of various robots and robotics milestones 20:07 Sophia, an intelligent humanoid robot, created by Hanson Robotics in 2015, demonstrates advanced capabilities. 22:51 Robotic joints can be linear or rotary 26:58 Difference between revolute and twisting joints. 29:25 Introduction to the twisting joint in robotics Thanks.

[@TheKatarisoma]

Let us start with the course on Robotics.The first topic is on Introduction to Robots and Robotics.Now, before we start learning robotics, a few questions may come to our mind, theseare as follows: What is a robot?What is robotics?Why should we study robotics?What is motivation behind robotics?How can we give instruction to a robot that you perform this particular task?What are the different types of robots, we generally use?What are the possible applications of robots?Can a human being be replaced by a robot?, and so on.Similarly, there are many other questions.Now, here actually, what I am going to do, I am just going to give answer to the firstfew questions.But, the last one, that is can a human being be replaced by a robot?, that I will try toanswer towards the end of this particular course.Now, let me start with the first one, that is, what is a robot?So, I am just going to define the term: robot.The term: robot has come from the Czech word: robota, which means the forced or the slavelaborer.This is just like a servant, and we are going to give some tasks to the robot, and it isgoing to perform those tasks just like a servant.Now, the term robot was introduced in the year 1921 by Karel Capek.Karel Capek was a Czech playwright, he wrote one drama and the name of the drama was: Rossum’sUniversal Robot (R.U.R).And, in that particular drama, he introduced a term: robota, that is, the robot.But, the way he described robot is as follows: the robot was look-wise similar to a humanbeing.But, nowadays we use a few robots, which do not look like the human being.So, this is the way actually, the term robot was introduced in the year 1921.But, during that time, there was not even a single robot in the world.Now, if you see the literature, the term robot has been defined in a number of ways.For example say, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, robot is a machine capable ofcarrying out a complex series of actions automatically, especially one programmable by a computer,so this is nothing but an automatic machine.Then, according to ISO, that is, International Organization for Standardization, the robothas been defined as follows: the robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable,multifunctional manipulator, programmable in three or more axes, which can be eitherfixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.Now, as I mentioned, that robot is nothing but an automatically controlled machine.And, it is reprogrammable that means the same robot can perform a variety of tasks, andto perform the variety of tasks, we will have to change its program.And, it is multifunctional, that means, the same robot, the same manipulator can performthe different types of machining operations.It can do some sort of peak and place type of operation, and so on.Now, here actually, we are using the term: manipulator.By manipulator, we mean that it is a robot with fixed base.Now, this manipulator could be either serial manipulator or parallel manipulator.So, these things, I will be discussing in details after some time.Now, another very popular definition is given by RIA, that is, Robot Institute of America.Now, they defined robot as follows: it is a reprogrammable multi-functional manipulatordesigned to move materials, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmedmotions for the performance of a variety of tasks.Now, these terms, I have already defined.For example, by manipulator we mean robot with fixed base, and that is nothing but amechanical hand; that means, the human hand we are going to model, design and developin the form of an artificial hand, and that is nothing but the manipulator, and it isreprogrammable and multifunctional.Now, in terms of re-programmability, if we compare a robot with one NC, CNC machine;now in CNC machine like computerized numerical control machine, we can perform a varietyof tasks by changing the program.Similarly, in robots, the same robot I can use to serve a variety of purposes, simplyby changing the program.But, here, there is a basic difference between the level of re-programmability, which canbe achieved by a robot, and that can be achieved by a CNC machine.Now, it is important to note, that the level of re-programmability, which can be achievedby a robot is more compared to that of the CNC machine.And, that is why, a CNC machine is not a robot.I have put one note here, that CNC machine is actually not a robot.Now, next I am just going to define, what do we mean by the robotics.Now, the robotics is a science, which deals with the issues related to design, development,applications of robots to perform a variety of tasks.The term: robotics actually, it was coined by Isaac Asimov in the year 1942.Isaac Asimov, wrote one story, the name of this story was Runaround.And in that particular story, he used the term robotics first, but once again let memention that during that time, that is, during 1942, there was not even a single robot inthis world.Now, here in robotics, we use the fundamentals of different subjects, for example, physics,mathematics, mechanical engineering, electrical and electronics engineering, computer science.And, that is why, it is bit difficult to become a true roboticist, because if we want to becomean expert, a true expert of robotics, we will have to know the fundamentals of all thesebasic subjects, and a robotics is actually a multi-disciplinary subject.Now, I am just going to define one concept, which I have already mentioned a little bit,like in robotics, we try to copy 3 Hs.Now, these 3 Hs are nothing but, the Hand, Head, and Heart, that means, we try to copythe hand of a human being in the artificial way, in the form of one manipulator, thatis, the mechanical hand.We try to copy the head of a human-being, that is, nothing but the intelligence.And, we also try to copy the heart of a human being, but not the mechanical heart, but theemotion of a human-being.And, that is why, in future, the robot will be intelligent and at the same time emotionaltoo.Now, if we consider the human-beings, we are intelligent, we are emotional, and in robotics,we try to copy everything from the human being.So, in future, we are trying to design and develop intelligent and emotional robots.Now, the next is, what is the motivation behind robotics?, why should we study robotics?,what is the reason?.Now, if you see today’s market, it is dynamic and competitive.And, if you want to be in competition, and if you want to be in business, what you willhave to do is.You will have to fulfill at least three requirements.Now, these requirements are as follows: like you will have to produce good at low cost;and at the same time the productivity has to be high; and the quality of the producthas to be good.Now, you see the three objectives, like reduced production cost, increased productivity, andimproved product quality.Now, it is bit difficult to achieve all these three things at a time, and some of them areactually conflicting.Now, if you want to achieve all three, there is only one solution, and that is nothingbut automation.So, you will have to go for automation, if you want to achieve all three requirements.Now, if I proceed further, let me tell you something regarding, the different types ofproducts and methods, which we generally use.Now, if you see the production methods, the purpose of production is actually to convertthe raw materials into the finished product.Now, this production could be of three types.For example, we can have the piece production, then there could be batch production, thenthere could be mass production.Now, for piece production, we have got several designs and each design, we will have to manufacturesmall in number.Now, for batch production, we have got a few designs; and each design, we produce a fewin numbers.Now, in mass production, we have got only one design, and that particular product isto be produced a large in number.Now, we can automate this particular batch production, mass production and of coursefor piece production, automation is not possible; so there is no automation for this particularpiece production.But, for batch production, we can go for automation.And, for mass production, we go for automation.For mass production, we generally go for the fixed automation or hard automation.For this particular batch production, we generally go for the flexible automation.Now, robotics is an example of this flexible automation.And, that is why, for batch production, particularly in the manufacturing unit, we will have togo for the robots, if you want to survive in this competitive market and that is why,the robotics and the robots have become so much popular in manufacturing units.But, nowadays, not only in manufacturing units, the robots are used in different areas.For example, robots are nowadays used in space science, used in medical science, robots arealso used for sea-bed mining, in agriculture, fire-fighting, and so on.So, there are various applications of robots, nowadays.Now, here all such things I have noted.Automation can help to fulfill the requirements of the above requirements.And, robotics is an example of the flexible automation, and that is why, we should studyrobotics. 1/3

[@anasbarlaskar1125]

Your comment is so fu***ng long!

[@jyotibajaj9933]

@@anasbarlaskar1125 caption of video

[@xyzzx7888]

@@jyotibajaj9933 heyy! are these robotics courses on youtube, there in mechanaical engg. courses in btech/be?please reply

[@cajocz]

bro wtf

[@manikandanpb3123]

Excellent teaching... great sketching skills..thank you Sir...

[@LearnwithAasma]

LOVED THIS COURSE ALLAH APKO AUR SUCCESS DAY. thanks for saving my semester love from pakistan

[@TONYSTARK-uy9nv]

😚😚😚

[@kartikchahal4433]

single ho kya aap?

[@vishwambharkanadkhedkar4628]

😂😂​@@kartikchahal4433

[@nitinthakur9567]

Great Lecture: But 1 correction needed: At 15:00 Father of Robotics known as Joseph Engelberger. Note:Jospeph Engelberger was business associate of George Devol. Both Joseph and Engelberger started the company UNIMATION.

[@suyashshrivastava3579]

History of robots, Classification of robots, Present status and future trends. Basic components of robotic systems. Basic terminology- Accuracy, Repeatability, Resolution, Degree of freedom. Specifications of robots. Definition of Forward and Reverse Kinematics

[@arunchandrakumar8145]

Sir i accidently watch one video about robotics. I am a Post graduate and i wish to research in the field of robotics. So i decided to attend your course 46 video course with your permission. Thank you sir.

[@HISAGARSHARMAJI]

sir what is the difference between prismatic and sliding joint?

[@anitabharti3464]

Good evening sir . I am a class 11 student and I really want to know and study about the robotics in future. This topic fascinates me a lot.

[@ayushrathour4611]

Same :)

[@ritikpandey8781]

And where are you now?

[@poonampathak6407]

Sir ap bahut accha explain karte ho

[@krishnananepalli7561]

To construct robot first we must have good sensors... Like two cameras to recive or send pictures like as human eyes . Two sound receivers as like a years. By Venkata Murali Krishna Nanepalli S/o Krishna Swamy nanepalli and some other professors from world wide...and some tecnisians.

[@tamadasateesh5651]

Sir I am a Btech graduate from branch of mechanical engineering . How can I have my career in robotics .sujjest any courses or any platform for this

[@gouravraghuwanshi5422]

Average length of video : 26 minutes, 53 seconds Total length of playlist : 20 hours, 37 minutes, 4 seconds At 1.25x : 16 hours, 29 minutes, 39 seconds At 1.50x : 13 hours, 44 minutes, 42 seconds At 1.75x : 11 hours, 46 minutes, 53 seconds At 2.00x : 10 hours, 18 minutes, 32 seconds

[@medhajain2325]

what is a robot? robot is basically can perform 3 operations that is sense ,think, and act.

[@JKho-u5k]

Good teaching

[@usamanavid2044]

Sir where can I find your book for this course?

[@parthibmudi7862]

What book should we buy

[@tkcpariyayikuttyhaji7601]

God's marvellous creations

[@teetanrobotics5363]

What are the prerequisties for this course ?

[@anandmohan1210]

sensors and instrumentations

[@suryachappidi3337]

Nothing

[@tkcpariyayikuttyhaji7601]

Human body based researches! Leads to robotic performance

[@ElectricalEngineeringApp]

Good teaching

[@EdwinRamirez-fk9fn]

thank you for the video

[@akhileshwarbharti210]

Professor is also a robot

[@mrpossible5696]

Learn Empathy first

[@Shentrop]

show some respect

[@bhavikashah816]

Respect him plzz

[@bashirelsbaie2116]

thank you very much. Sir where can I find your book for this lecture. Please provide me

[@hiteshparmar1479]

On NPTEL website.

[@Tanmaypaliwal828]

In market 😁🤔

[@thirst-t2653]

How is an Emotional robot possible sir ? I remember one episode of the Small Wonder where Viki was in tears...In the practical world is it really possible ??!!!

[@sukhpreetsinghkhalsa6640]

Yaa we can also make artificial tears

[@ayushrathour4611]

Yeaah we can make emotional robots by just some programming

[@xyzzx7888]

Sir if I take mechanical engg.in btech then will I get these robotics courses to study???

[@msvideos1924]

Don't take mechanical engineering

[@tkcpariyayikuttyhaji7601]

Nice discription

[@jasleenkaur8326]

What exactly is a manipulator?

[@L-Kammampatisaikumar]

What is the difference between sliding and prismatic joints???

[@Karma_witch.]

Not much so

[@babumathew538]

India should try to be headquarter of AI system (not Singapore or Dubai). We have the best software technicians and robotic engineers.

[@oldsachem]

Since a robot must be intelligent, can it do policy?

[@opinion128]

sir can Electronics engineering graduate do this course

[@mrpossible5696]

Of course

[@jaisnatamdharm910]

Well done sir.

[@sherazahmad9624]

thanks a lot sir

[@kashifansari672]

Is this course still on NPTEL? Please reply 🙏🏼

[@trollersinc.8609]

Yes but it doesn't come Evey time,

[@shannybabayaga]

The difference between the prismatic joint and the sliding joint is unclear.

[@sayeedaanjum6274]

What is NC and CNC machine

[@getoveryourself1]

NC uses storage devices to execute the programming. CNC uses computers to execute the programs.

[@ThinkTech777]

i am in 7 standard and legend

[@kidnamedgrass]

Humans can be replaced by robot . Humans are natural robots(if soul doesnt exist) 🌝

[@balaacademy91]

SIR GOOD NIGHT , WHICH KIND OF BOOKS SUITABLE FOR THIS COURSE . SIR NEED SOLUTION PLEASE GUIDE ME.

[@dishajain6639]

Watch his previous and the first video for this course

[@harshkumar4909]

Hare Krishna 🙏😃

[@sarfarajkalal4186]

Thanks sir

[@varunvarshney485]

sir, from where can i get the slides???

[@akshaykumbhar1464]

Try to search on nptel official site

[@ankushjain6062]

volume is too low, it is difficult to listen.

[@giannekarlalmarines9049]

Thank you Sir!

[@TheKatarisoma]

So, we started a little bit late, although the first manipulator, the first patent was filed in the year 1954.Now, I am just going to concentrate on a particular robotic system.So, what are the different components of a typical robotic system?Now, here, in this particular schematic view, you can see that that this particular thing is nothing but a robot.So, this is actually the robot, and this is the manipulator, this is a serial manipulator.And, this is the drive unit for this serial manipulator.And, this is the controller or the director for this particular manipulator.Now, as I told that this is a serial manipulator, and by manipulator, we mean a robot with fixedbase.So, here, the base of this particular robot is fixed.So, it is a fixed base, we have got one link here, another link here, another link here,and these links are used just to transmit the mechanical power.And, in between the two links, we have got the joints, so we have got a few joints.For example, say if I consider that this is the base of this particular manipulator, andthis is the next link, so in between these two, you have got a joint here.Similarly, in between this link, and that particular link, we have got a joint here.Similarly, here in between this link and that link, we have got a joint here, between these and these we have got another joint here.So, in between the two links, so we have got a particular the joint.Now, if you see the robotic joint, the robotic joint could be basically of two types, it could be either the linear joint, or there could be rotary joints.So, the linear joint, it could be either prismatic joint or sliding joint.Now, here I am just going to draw a rough sketch for these prismatic and sliding joints.Now, if I just draw this particular prismatic joint, supposing that I have got a block like this.So, if I consider a block like this.Now, here, I can insert one this type of key.Now, if I insert this particular key here.So, this particular joint will be nothing but a prismatic joint, and this is a linear joint.So, this particular part, say part A can be just moved in the linear direction here, andthis is an example of the prismatic joint.Now, similarly, I am just going to take the example of one sliding joint, now supposing that I have got a block like this.Say, I have got a block like this.And, here, I will have to insert one pin, that pin could be something like this.Say, I will have to insert a pin something like this here, and this particular pin canbe inserted here and there will be only the linear movement, and this is the example ofone sliding joint.So, these are all linear joints.Now, next come to the rotary joint.Now, here so, if you see the rotary joint, it could be of two types basically, we could have the revolute joint, and there could be twisting joint.Now, both are the rotary joints, but basically there is a difference between these revolute joint, and twisting joint.Now, to find out the difference between the revolute joint, and twisting joint; I am justgoing to take one example here.Now, let me take one example.So, this is the fixed base, and this is the link, and in between I have got a joint here.Now, with the help of this particular joint, so this particular link can be rotated something like this.So, it can be rotated something like this.Now, if this is the output link and this side is input.The axis of the output link is nothing but this about which I am taking the rotation.And, this particular axis is coinciding with the axis of the output link.This is the output link.This is the axis of the output link, and I am taking this rotation about this particular axis.So, this particular rotary joint is nothing but, the twisting joint denoted by T. Now,let me take another example, say this is one link and this is another link.So, here, I am just going to take the rotation, the rotation about this particular axis.Now, here if this is the input side, that is the output side.So, the axis of the output link is something like this, and the axis about which I am taking the rotation is this, and they are at 90 degrees.So, if this is output, the axis of the output link, and the axis about which I am takingthe rotation, they are at 90 degrees.So, that type of rotary joint is known as the revolute joint, so this is nothing buta revolute joint denoted by R. So, basically once again let me repeat that we use two types of joints, namely linear joint, and rotary joint.And, once again, there are two types of linear joint, the prismatic joint and sliding joint,and two types of rotary joint we use, one is the revolute joint, another is the twistingjoint.Thank you. 3/3

[@harshkumar4909]

Jai Shree Ram 🙏😃

[@prashantraikar7813]

Well for me CNC machine and 3D printers are robots

[@themakerken3453]

I got a bit lost on that last part. I kinda get it, but not completely

[@अण्वायुवरीवर्त]

He didn't elaborate with definitions that's why. But the way I assume it is, If input and output axes of rotation coincide then it's twisting as if you are twisting singular cylindrical body. And revolute is regular revolute as in motion of output and input links are in one plane while rotation of joint's axis is perpendicular to that plane

[@jaisnatamdharm910]

I need your lecture sir

[@ashokpatil4077]

Chal bhag yaha se

[@MrDiglenson]

@@ashokpatil4077 Not expected from you Ashok beta.

[@fhufhfhufh]

ابوبكر اسحاق 💔💔💔

[@Taz123tz]

واجب IE321 😭💔

[@alikinani6913]

هههههههههههه

[@DharmendraYadav-sf4nm]

Sir I am class 7 student but I know that what is robotic science

[@anandh1967]

Pragyan rover by isro 2023

[@sarahcody2002]

I am 14 years old I also want to make a best robot

[@moviesentertainment9623]

Are I chacha kuch practical karke dikhao na kya ye chutiyapanti history kaha rahe ho hame

[@surajprakash4847]

You have all the resources , work in collaboration with people who can make good videos-who can present well. This could have been so much better. You are using rough sketches here and there , instead use animations . You create the content and let anyone else who can speak well narrate the video. All of this is not a very difficult task.

[@samgaekwad]

Yep. Totally true. They could have made SOMETHING SIMILAR to TED-ED. But I guess this is where our education systems fails. To inspire and motivate people. This video was so boring to watch.

[@bhavikashah816]

@@samgaekwad Keep quiet atleast they are working hard to provide us knowledge

[@michellewest6929]

@@bhavikashah816 Agreed, the education system isn’t exactly great but this is not the place to criticise. He prepared a free lecture with tremendous effort and put it out there so kids could learn. People must stop belittling their work. If they don’t like it, they can click off. People don’t need to bring somebody down to raise someone else. This sir did a great job, and his will to put out quality free content out there made me smile. I will be grateful to this teacher; eternally so to speak.

[@michellewest6929]

@@bhavikashah816 I hope that the person criticising his efforts has at-least three brain cells to realise that the Ted- Ed videos are like 10 minutes long. These is a series of college lectures. No lecture I have ever seen is animated.

[@thethinker493]

suraj prakash, make a ted ed video by yourself first, then criticize

[@furthermocking1623]

I'm also laaaaaaaaate

[@DharmendraYadav-sf4nm]

My name is a tanishk yadav

[@furthermocking1623]

I was born also laaaaate

[@JKho-u5k]

No one cares

[@vikasparida2520]

Why should you told English..... That's not for you....

[@harshkumar4909]

Hare Krishna 🙏😃