Major Revelations About Snowball Earth Period and Why It Lasted So Long

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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about new discoveries about the time when Earth became a snowball
Links:
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Previous video: • Main Cause of Snowball...
Supercontinent of the future: • Next Supercontinent Ma...
PETM hot period: • Strange Plants and Vol...
#snowballearth #earth #history
0:00 New research on snowball Earth
1:05 Why study this
1:55 Research on plate tectonics and co2
2:20 57 million years of ice - Sturtian glaciation
3:00 Potential explanation and relation to supercontinents
5:00 Will Earth become snowball Earth again?
5:50 A physical trigger that starts these events
7:15 Intriguing results
8:20 Potential impact sites
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[@hailstormrising1634]

Gotta love how yt is struggling to play a video on low settings so much so the audio starts breaking and failing but a dam ad plays flawlessly at max settings........ Awesome work Anton!

[@NuisanceMan]

Ad's probably louder, too

[@spacelemur7955]

The importance of plate tectonics keeps coming up in regulated climate _and mass extinction events._ It has been proposed that when mega continents such as Pangea appear, the lack on crust recycling and continental shelves wrecks havoc on biodiversity. Could lack of plate tectonics on an exoplanet make life hard to survive? Old Terra seems to have had a plethora of rare conditions interacting to give us such a long period of stability. We really may be an exceedingly rare world, and thus ever meeting extraterrestrial intelligence a very low probability event.

[@user-it7lf7kk8m]

Be careful, or they will tax it

[@nathanlevesque7812]

wat... @@user-it7lf7kk8m

[@Loraxpilot]

Rare once, but in context of billions of other tries- there has to be an earth doppelgänger out there statically

[@spacelemur7955]

@@Loraxpilot True, but it reduces the possibility of contact, which is what really matters. If none is within detection range, it's essentially identical to being alone.

[@Loraxpilot]

Both true. To know it's possible but not witness/experience it- 🔭 science

[@scottymoondogjakubin4766]

Even tho were i live the temps can range between -°35 to °105 on a yearly basis ! Thats a °140 differential ! Im just going to cherish the current earths weather as much as i can possible ! 🌎

[@marknovak6498]

As it seems this are never easy in a dynamic system like earth.

[@hobog]

Earth is easy enough for advanced life to develop tho

[@bjornnilsson2941]

What I’ve learned from watching Anton: Science happens completely by accident 😂

[@Reoh0z]

The best discoveries in science start with, "Well that was unexpected..."

[@RalphEllis]

The CO2 argument is complete nonsense. So this is ‘accidental nonsense’. The driver and dest.royer of ice sheets, is albedo. See paper: “Modulation of Ice Sheets by Dust and Albedo” The white ice sheets will naturally spread by high albedo, as they did in the last ice ages. To destroy them you don’t need CO2, which has little of no effect, you need lots of dust. Dust on ice sheets lowers the albedo, increases insolation absorption, leading to melting. See paper: “Modulation of Ice Sheets by Dust and Albedo” Ralph

[@deborahswart1718]

Science shld be an adventure into the unknown, not constantly stay on the familiar paths.

[@dcpack]

You bet, computer models programed to produce specific outcomes. By accident. The idiocy exhibited here has reached epic levels.

[@mike02454]

@@dcpack explain. Do you have some insight into how the computer models were programmed?

[@robertdiehl1281]

My daily dose of science. Covering just about everything. Thanks so much for your helpful educational videos.

[@Ruheschrei]

I saw a video yesterday and they mentioned the rhodian continent and the unusual long ice age. And I thought "intresting, i should learn more about it" And here i am. One day later, reading the title of your newest upload, starting to believe in things 😂😂😂

[@dcpack]

You did not actually "learn" anything. Other than learning that programed computer models that are not based on ACTUAL FACTS can show anything the researchers want to see to promote their chances for more grants. If THAT is what you call learning, then biology also means nothing to you.

[@jimcurtis9052]

Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 😎👍

[@leilarivera9721]

Always wonderful Anton❤

[@the80hdgaming]

Please no... Living in northern Ontario, I have to shovel enough snow as it is... 😂😂😂

[@Auroral_Anomaly]

At least you don’t live in west Antarctica, Norway, or Greenland.

[@aircraftandmore9775]

It’s mostly ice not snow

[@Auroral_Anomaly]

@@aircraftandmore9775 But it still snows a lot, and it doesn’t immediately become ice, it takes a long time for it to compact into ice.

[@brookestephen]

the snow would be ice 6 km deep! Kinda like Toronto when the Mayor called up the army.

[@theevermind]

How dare you support climate warming just because it means you will consume less fuel and energy and thus emit less to heat your home!

[@UteChewb]

Not mentioned is the increasing luminosity of the sun. Being a main sequence star, it gets brighter as it gets older. Probably the reason for the estimate of life's status in 200+ million years. Back in snowball Earth time, you would need all the greenhouse gases you could find. Life gets going in the seas, starts sequestering carbon, gets colder, then a rock hits.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

In stellar astrophysics luminosity and brightness are different. Luminosity is the amount of energy that a star emits each second measured in watts. Brightness is defined as the amount of light reaching Earth per unit area and is measured in Watts/m².

[@UteChewb]

@@douglaswilkinson5700 I was being casual with the word "brighter". Thanks for the correction.

[@user-rp4hq2sf5u]

Also not mentioned are the Milankovitch Cycles that help to trigger cooling and heating events

[@anthonyalfredyorke1621]

Thanks Anton for another wonderful video, still waving and still WONDERFUL. PEACE AND LOVE TO EVERYONE ❤❤.

[@sherriec5258]

Such interesting topics, Anton. Thx

[@RalphEllis]

The CO2 theory is complete nonsense. The driver and dest.royer of ice sheets, is albedo. See paper: “Modulation of Ice Sheets by Dust and Albedo” The white ice sheets will naturally spread by high albedo, as they did in the last ice ages. To destroy them you don’t need CO2, which has little of no effect, you need lots of dust. Dust on ice sheets lowers the albedo, increases insolation absorption, leading to melting. See paper: “Modulation of Ice Sheets by Dust and Albedo” Ralph

[@glennmoss3285]

These "Context" notes have the SAME effect as all those unwanted ads and surveys that pop up...especially targeted ones based on spying on your internet history. Namely, they make me LESS likely to pay attention to them or give them any credence whatsoever. THAT SAID...another fascinating video, Anton! Keep up the good work!

[@---Free-Comics---IG---Playtard]

*These "Context" notes are like annoying ads and surveys that pop up, especially the ones spying on your internet history. They just make me less likely to pay attention or take them seriously. But hey, Anton, nice video! Keep it up!

[@belstar1128]

what did they say?

[@AutisticThinker]

Good thing humans came around to prevent 3rd snowball earth. 🙃

[@freeforester1717]

It would be interesting to hear the views of Anton on Doug Vogt’s 47 years of research based findings, and of the demonstration of polar reversal mechanism given by MarkoPL100 respectively.

[@Gosportinfo]

Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. Advice to Philosophers ' it doesn't matter what you say as long as you violently disagree with each other '.

[@milutzuk]

Anton, I didn't read those papers and I really appreciate for trying to provide a context to them, for example talking about the feedback introduced by the albedo alone. But, if possible, try to provide a larger context for that period, like the evolution of insolation and the levels of O2. Also I'm not sure how the asteroid impacts were modeled, but while the ejecta alone can induce a very short period of high albedo (the so-called nuclear winter, tens to a couple of hundred years), the probability of triggering a longer-term high volcanic activity is very high.

[@punditgi]

Very cool, Anton! 😁

[@rburgener2]

KZbin is concerned that this video might be "anti-climate change". KZbin thinks I should read some "context". Anton, you are a radical ;-)

[@carmenmccauley585]

Lol 😂! Yup. He's a rebel.

[@yomogami4561]

thanks for the information anton

[@JugheadJones03]

Love these topics. Thank you Anton.

[@karldubhe8619]

Very cool video. Thanks.

[@kandismueller7716]

So fascinating! I love your presentations. Thinking about these macro events does help to put current events and the trivialities of one's own life into perspective. Thank you!

[@bjrnhjortshjandersen1286]

You are one of the most interesting persons on the KZbin, good work keep it up 🙂

[@sixeses]

Thanks Anton.

[@LordDustinDeWynd]

5:30 If one could "predict exactly what was going to happen", one could easily become Dictator of the World.

[@vectorequilibrium4493]

A Predictator? 🤔😁🤣🤣🤣

[@freeforester1717]

Or a big….

Unless that wasn't what was going to happen. But ai is getting there fast tbh.

[@LordDustinDeWynd]

Predictions are NEVER certainties.

[@stephendudley4377]

Idk, I think the current dictators of the WEF may have something to say about that...

[@LordDustinDeWynd]

4:05 Volcano Erupting clip running backwards?

[@BlastinRope]

its not? look up diminitive outgassing of volcanic vents

[@LordDustinDeWynd]

@@BlastinRope You missed the flame and smoke being sucked into the cone?

[@findingthereal9052]

It’s AI wallpaper. I’m seeing AI generated content all over the internet and it always has some goofy mistake that if it was made by a human artist would have been laughed out of the room but is ‘good enough’ because of the novelty and cheapness of the tool. I predict that this will happen with other occupations and a great deal of chaos and misery is coming.

[@ggallman]

Thanks.

[@Kargoneth]

57-million-year ice age? Holy mackerel!

[@yvonnemiezis5199]

Interesting, thanks 👍😊

[@sydhenderson6753]

I've always favored slushball Earth with some open ocean because if the Earth was completely covered for millions of years, photosynthesis would have died out and we know it didn't.

[@Ruheschrei]

Hmmm....you think it would make a difference? I saw in another video that photosynthesis was barely possible during that time. Wouldnt be the first time evolution abandons one blueprint and stored it for later use. Re-evolution they call it. Animals that evolved to fly and back to walk can evolve to fly again with the same wings, not new invented ones - its Like stored in the DNA (or so i Imagine this is working) So, in my imagination the surviving lifeforms could simply gain the skill for photosynthesis again when climate was changing again. And it makes sense to me that the lifeforms that adapted to the cold climate best, survived. Which may have been deep under water without sunlight at all 😮 Disclaimer: these are just my thoughts, i am no wiser than you

[@Ruheschrei]

And now i start to think about the fact that all life on earth is related and what that would mean for our human blueprint 😂😂😂 X-MEN# !

[@magicsinglez]

Did photosynthesis exist in the oceans? 600 million years ago all life was limited to the oceans.

[@persimmontea6383]

not too likely ... there still would have been tidal forces which caused open areas of broken ice ... also photosynthesis can continue in glacial ice

[@filonin2]

@@magicsinglez That is where photosynthesis evolved 3.5 billion years ago and how almost everything got it's energy after the chemoautotrophs and before predators evolved. So yeah, it had been around for 3 billion years by then.

[@Zerccies09]

0:40 its not that it has only 4 maps, its that its one massive map with different spawns and you can go between them

[@i_dont_live_here]

Hello wonderful Anton!

[@atypocrat1779]

"During this time, there were obviously no animals, no trees, nothing on the surface, but the oceans were filled with life, and a lot of it was multicellular and complex."

[@MCsCreations]

Now imagine Europa and other moons like that.

[@Pierluigi_Di_Lorenzo]

And...?

[@eddiebmx]

@@MCsCreations very cool

[@enverse244]

@@MCsCreationsmy thoughts exactly.

[@WaterShowsProd]

Arthur C. Clarke already did, in the novel 2010: Odyssey Two. Unfortunately the movie left that part out, where Dave Bowman as The Starchild inspects various lifeforms and their potential to evolve. @@MCsCreations

[@therocinante3443]

The great non-conformity fascinates me

[@michaelneal6589]

Thank you

[@lmenascojr]

Would a global glaciated earth cause the tectonic plates to slow or stall due to the significant amount of added weight on land above sea level?

[@chrisfrancis6101]

Myron Cook, geologist. Has a great video here on youtube about this.. amazing info there.

[@thorium222]

Wait, does it mean if CO2 concentrations are so important for the temperature on Earth that we should stop messing with it? 😱

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

Without atmospheric CO2 most plantlife would die.

[@loreman7267]

Water vapour, good ol' H2O, is a much larger contributor. The world has got notably hotter relatively recently, by over 2-3°C, between 5000 and 7000 yrs before present. There were no working-class people driving or holidaying in Spain to cause that .

[@johndaily263]

If by “stop messing with it” you mean “stop pouring tons of it into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels” then yes, we should stop messing with it.

[@SvendleBerries]

​@@johndaily263 Tell that to India and China.

[@joelt2002]

It's actually the opposite of that. CO2 concentrations before industrialization were at roughly 200ppm, which is what these scientists are claiming caused the snowball Earth. Which means had that continued for longer we could have been headed towards another snowball. Meaning us "messing with concentrations" could be literally what saved all surface life on the planet.

[@alanhyland5697]

Very interesting

[@user-qq1uy8qj6l]

Could this have been the reason why we have large gaps in the (edit) geologic record. There are 2 huge gaps in time. I watched videos about missing north of 1 billion years in the strata. What caused that to happen?

[@interstellarsurfer]

Yes - the global glacial erosion destroyed most of the information laid up in old sediment layers.

[@Yezpahr]

I recently saw a video of Myron Cook about the snowball Earth. It was really interesting and showed what damage it did to the geological and archaeological records. The amount of **known** unknowns are staggering, but probably don't outweigh the amount of **unknown** unknowns. Some gaps in those records leave clear marks in the form of tailing piles which can still be studied to reveal how high/old the mountain was. Entirely crushed up mountains exist in the form of rubble piles made by these glaciers encroaching and retreating due to the seasons, so yearly.

[@Bialy_1]

@@alexshtyn6336 hundred millions of years...

[@MCsCreations]

Paleontological record. Archeology is only about human activity

[@Pierluigi_Di_Lorenzo]

Archaeology studies past human activity.

[@gslogar1]

Oh, did they use the current climate models that can't predict the current temperatures or particularly the future temperatures.

[@therange4033]

I admire you and your work. I want you to tell us the truth about 3200 Phaethon (1983 TB) asteroid. Please! When will be the next passage? The last close pass was 2017. The only asteroid to be called a ''Rock Comet'' of late. It was described by two now-dead astronomers as a ''rocky comet/ planet'' and they both died soon after. So Anton. PLEASE enlighten me!

[@davidboyle1902]

I haven’t seen any mention of it in years, but the ‘why does earth appear to gravitate toward livable conditions?’ was tackled via the Gia Hypotheses. Essentially the GH proposes that life itself is the reason life has been able to sustain itself for the last billion years or so via regulation of CO2, and despite the catastrophic mass extinctions that occurred along the way. Be nice if you could resurrect that hypothesis and give us your take on its possible viability. Love your presentations.

[@StarFinderWebb]

What about a comet (extremely large) was destroyed on its approach to the sun created a dust cloud that lasts a long time? Or what about a large moon impact that did that same thing. Made a dust cloud around the earth and moon that lasted a couple decades?

[@JaSon-wc4pn]

What about the difference between an Ice comet and a fire meteorite hitting us Hmmmmm?

[@filonin2]

Why would the cometary dust cloud obscure light from the Sun to Earth? Comets are on elongated orbits and the Earth's is circular and so would the dust. The dust would leave the same as if it had not broken up. Why would it stop? Also, decades mean literally nothing. This event lasted over 50 million years.

[@friendlyone2706]

@@filonin2 Very fine dust can linger a long time, and a highly reflective ice coating can make recovery very difficult. Ice ages are still a greater danger than returning to the 8 million years of lush climate stability that preceded the last 2.5 million years or frequent ice ages.

[@richardcottone6620]

I thought that volcanoes put co2 into the air

[@friendlyone2706]

Yep --unimportant compared to sun blocking dust.

[@subcitizen2012]

He said volcanic rock formations doing the absorbing.

[@simonwood1402]

Strange that we have so many Snowball Moon's plus Snowball Pluto ❄

[@DanFrederiksen]

If the poles got below CO2 freezing you could imagine a runaway effect, possibly like mars.

[@rudigerwolf9626]

Anton...thanks for the distinction between simulations and reality. Now, if only astronomers understood the distinction.

[@blobrana8515]

The Acraman impact crater seems to have occurred a bit too late ~580 ma to be the trigger for iceball earth.

[@blobrana8515]

The age of the Beaverhead impact structure is not well constrained but is estimated to be Neoproterozoic to Cambrian (1000-500 Ma).

[@sideeggunnecessary]

It was totally cool.

[@MCsCreations]

Fascinating stuff indeed!

[@HobbiesRfun]

Seeing Earth looking just like the planet Hoth in the Empire Strikes Back would have looked so cool. All you would have needed to complete the scene would have been to add an Echo base, some AT-ATs, and snow speeders.

[@Gatsu_Gambino]

Because we are still in a glacial warming period. We are in fact still in an "Ice Age"

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

Spot-on! This is intentionally overlooked by many.

[@Gatsu_Gambino]

@@douglaswilkinson5700 exactly, still snow on the earths poles? Interglacial period* Sorry, I completely brain farted on the term. 😆

[@davidarundel6187]

Agree 100% . Where I live , people used to be able to drive up to the morain lake at the Glacier face , one of which was visable from a main road , and featured on a stamp . The stamp scene is now a dangerous glacial valley , and both Glaciers , have to be traped to , along the ridges , of the valleys , the glacier made , d under the stone , is still bits of the glacier , which destabalises the sides and floor . These glacier out flows , flood these days , at times shutting off access from south to north & back . Even the hills around the city I'm in , used to get snow annually - haven't seen snow on the highest peak , which has an easy west road over it , which got closed annually , now even that hill doesn't get snow , and the ski feilds are also being forced to make snow , big time , to cover the short fall .

[@takster050974]

Agreed. Everybody seems to dismiss that fact.

[@timothyandrewnielsen]

Bbbbbbut global warming! Bbbbbut humans are bad! Bbbut oil is bad! Bbbbbbbut save the planet!

[@anjachan]

our home is awesome 💚.💙

[@bazookamoose7224]

I hate that your video got tagged with a thing >.> Keep doing you Anton, you rock!

[@user-vz7vw6si8b]

Are clouds of dust discounted?

[@PaulZyCZ]

Earth has been stable for several billions of years despite all the changes in Sun activity, which is said to be unusual and one of the Great Filters behind the Fermi Paradox.

[@megamushroom]

I love you human i know you can save us i just know you can...

[@mikewilson858]

When people talk about the Fermi Paradox I think about these studies and how small changes can create big results. We have a sample size of one to do our calculations. Intelligent life could have evolved here over the course of hundreds of millions of years, but little changes affected the outcomes. We don’t have clue when intelligent life could have evolved in the universe. How it might have spread intergalacticly. Total unknowns. But the chances over billions of years and trillions of stars …inconceivable. There are either societies spanning galaxies or some dark equation that squashes life. That no one can become intergalactic has to be the most unlikely explanation. It would be like arguing from some rarified God position that it’s nearly impossible for atoms to exist. Or there are galactic and maybe intergalactic civilizations.

To be fair we have one newer explanation. If ai extrapolates data that allows extreme advancement, odds are we are technologically cavemen to any civilization that went through this step and survived. So we aren't likely close to the kind of species that would appear post this, especially with gene editing being similarly timed.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

Both Dr. David Kipping (Professor of Astrophysics at Columbia) and Isaac Arthur (both have channels) have done work with respect to the Fermi Paradox. One interesting hypothesis is that our galaxy did not have a high enough metalicity to support advanced civilizations until it was about 8 billion years old. Our solar system formed 1.3B years after that.

[@dmitrykazakov2829]

There is a simple explanation. Each civilization reaches a point when a green movement arise and destroys economy and in the end very life! 😂

[@keithphilbin3054]

Mind boggling... especially when some people truly believe the Earth is only 5000 years old... 🙄

[@achukmvlid.johnson9588]

Interesting

[@SweetSunrising]

Okay ignore my last message, I didn’t finish watching through. Thank you for this episode I love learning about paleoclimatology! Looking forward to more. It’s a rare treat these days not having the politics attached. Save for the youtube flag😂

[@friendlyone2706]

Many ice ages were "caused" (preceded by) high CO2 levels.

[@SweetSunrising]

@@friendlyone2706 Propaganda gets in the way of science, and the green energy industry it promotes is a massive scam. You can’t say we’re going carbon neutral while letting all our high performance fossil fuels be bought up by other countries to pollute the planet with impunity (& yes they sit on the climate boards) as they strengthen their economy by turning us into a customer for their junk industry. Oh and we have to pay carbon taxes for breathing. It’s not as much about the CO2 levels, which organism messes with the atmospheric content today, which procession every 26K years, the effect of which massive object hits our planet every X million years, how much methane gets released, solar cycles, the fluctuation in volcanic activity, or your mom. It’s that your carbon footprint will never be as big as the footprint from those making the laws & policies for you to adhere by.

[@ABc-bo2xy]

You forgot to say - so hello

[@peterpoulsen8061]

The first snowball in the start of Silurian, Bemer's proxy finds about 4000 ppm. But the longer ice age in Carboniferous had veey low CO2 Like we have had the last few million years. The effect of CO2 to atmospheric warming is significant at very low levels and reduces logarithmic. The fluctuations in temperature in the last million years seem to relate to Milankovitch cycles. Computer models do what they are programmed, and given the present narrative, I would be sceptical as to how much significance has been programmed for CO2.

[@goiterlanternbase]

When the freezing happens to quick, there should not be enough snow, to cover sufficient land masses, to keep the albedo up, once the sky has cleared.

[@blackimp4987]

these all theories like "cliamate warning" are based on coarse assumptions and coarser models and cannot be proven. that the entire climate might depend only on CO2 wthout many stabilizing dynamics would imply that we are here only for a remote probability that casually verified. natural system that last so much are intrinsically asymptotically stable

[@subcitizen2012]

Snow isn't the only form water takes at cold temps. Cold also doesn't mean no vapor. Look at the ice giants, clear skies there.

[@goiterlanternbase]

@@subcitizen2012 You have this phenomenon in Antarctica, with ice deserts. Areas the get no snowfall, due to the surrounding areas do not produce humidity and the are to far inland to get some from the ocean.

[@robertemmons8610]

What was the CO2 ppm during the Sturtian snowball earth period. I saw info that said goelogical data estimated that it was about 300 ppm.

[@PrometheusZandski]

There were obviously a lot of factors that coincided to create conditions that would freeze the whole Earth. Current Milankovitch cycles play a huge role in the occurrence, duration and intensity of ice ages. 700M years ago, there weren't animals to create CO2. There was a lot of 02 from the photosynthetic organisms but the only CO2 came from volcanism. The land was barren and open to weathering, as there were no terrestrial plants to cover bare rock. They would not appear until 460-500M years ago. CO2 would dissolve in rain, then react with the barren rocks, sequestering the CO2 in mineral formations. We really don't need a catastrophic event to trigger a runaway albedo event, but one would certainly tip the climate into an irreversible slide into a global deep freeze. The fact this happened twice in short succession and only before terrestrial life appeared points to weathering as the main culprit.

[@magicsinglez]

Earth has grown steadily colder over the last 600 million years because plant life took the CO2 out of the atmosphere?

[@friendlyone2706]

A nearly ice ball earth has happened several times in the last 2.5 million years.

[@Paul-pi5xr]

Snowball earth might have been caused by powerful solar flares that stripped away some of the atmosphere causing lower atmospheric pressure. Lower pressure, thinner blanket. More heat loss to space. Millions of years ago when the sun’s luminosity was lower but the atmosphere was hot and humid, this was probably due to more volcanism especially undersea volcanos and much higher atmospheric pressure hence thicker blanket and less heat loss to space.

[@stevenkarnisky411]

I prefer the temperate climate of my youth, if truth be known, but I would rather have it warm than cold. The more causes of climate we figure out, the better the chances of forestalling negative results! Thanks, Anton!

Or accelerating it as we're too smart and too dumb both.

[@HossBlacksilver]

Hmm, I would have figured that there wouldn't be enough life on this ice cube to fill a star cruiser.

[@1bigibaLL]

Since we are still in an interglacial period of warming up. A super volcano or a large comet or meteor could easily put us into an ice age.

[@GeorgeAnt91]

People have all this information and some still think all this is just random without any reason, without any higher intellectual involvement 😂

[@oldbag3043]

Question stars are born in pairs from what we know so where is our sun's twin and we're is its orbit.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

60% of non-spectral type M main sequence stars (aka red dwarfs) are in binaries. Our Sun -- a spectral type G2 main sequence star -- is one of the 40% that formed without a binary partner.

[@filonin2]

All stars are not born in pairs so the question is wrong.

[@grimtapestry5585]

I wonder if snowball earth had similar evolutionary effects as oxygen deprivation contributed to multicellularity

[@LecherousLizard]

CO2? A classic case of correlation and causation not being the same thing.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

An excellent point!

[@LecherousLizard]

@@douglaswilkinson5700 Yeah, with no vegetation or marine life on the surface to rotate CO2 everything emitting CO2 would be stuck under ice and snow, and then further precipitation would keep removing CO2 from the atmosphere as CO2 reacts with water making carbonic acid (H2CO3, which is what's making rain slightly more acidic than the water it's initially made out of), which lands on the ground and normally would just be eaten up by plants, but here it'd get locked in snow.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

@@LecherousLizard Another excellent point! Given the dubious comments left by some of Anton's viewers it's refreshing (and educational) to read ones like yours. Thanks!

[@LecherousLizard]

@@douglaswilkinson5700 Well, he at least reports papers, or whatever it was, like this impartially. Other science or "science" KZbinrs, like Sabine Hossenfelder, outright negatively joke about people who don't agree with the message, while trying to make the news some kind of drama you should be worried about.

[@jhoughjr1]

When I first heard of snowball earth I was horrified.

[@Wizardess]

I wonder what the transition periods looked like in the models. {o.o}

[@pebbleoverpond]

What would happen if our solar system traveled through an area of space with more molecular concentration? Would solar radiation received by the earth be affected?

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

We are passing through an ancient SNR right now. It's sometimes called the "local fluff." It is too diffuse to interfere with solar radiation received by the Earth.

[@belstar1128]

how cold was the south pole back then ?

[@erictaylor5462]

Unrelated question from your animation. Is there a point in space from which the Earth and the moon and the sun would all have the same angular size?

[@satanofficial3902]

"Snow is snowy because it's snowed with snowiness." ---Albert Einstein

[@satanofficial3902]

"Ice is icy because it's iced with iciness." ---Albert Einstein

[@williamnicholson8133]

Milanchovich cycles is alot better explaination for ice ages as well as catastrophes.

[@Napoleonic_S]

Surely we still lack computing power (in a place, not all computers available in the world combined) to sinulate something as complex as the evolution of earth in geological time span?

[@brendancull8316]

And they have the cheek to tell us the planet is warming up!

[@Nic0maK]

It still is, what makes you thing it suddenly changed?

[@fenixgirl9]

perhaps it may be better to understand that "ice ages" are regional events taking place at the poles. what part of the crust lay at the poles would change over time. right now you can say that Antartica is in an ice age because of where it lay in relation to the south pole. when the north pole was in Greenland Europe was in the polar zone and thus covered by ice. When the north pole was in Hudson Bay a large portion of North America was in the polar zone and thus the ice sheets that formed then. so far in what i have heard about the "ice age" is that it is assumed to be a global situation. even though there is evidence that while some parts of the Earth were under ice, even ice 2 miles thick, other areas were tropical or temperate. much like we see currently. if one puts into a simulation the theory that "ice ages" are global then you are going to get a very different outcome then if "ice ages" are just regional events at the poles. also to build huge ice sheets you have to have warmth and a lot of evaporation causing huge amounts of water vapor in the atmosphere to fall as precipitation. at least on a planet or moon relatively close to the sun as we are. global temperatures rise and fall yet the effect is not always the same either way. there are so many factors that contribute. we still have much to learn about the dynamic systems of our planet, the solar system, and the galaxy. so many cycles that run at different lengths. it is complex and very interesting.

[@squeaker19694]

Love your videos Anton. But you seemed a bit sad in this one. Are you ok?

[@JesseP.Watson]

Considering simulations are known to be unable to reproduce our current state I have very little faith in simulations attempting to replicate the climate at this period of history.

[@yuriklaver4639]

Directly after snowball-earth, an explosion of species appeared, suggesting there was already a lot of life under the ice.

[@TheErik249]

1. A constant turnover of the carbon cycle is absolutely essential in Earth's biosystem for there to be a comfortable balance that we currently enjoy. Although, we are currently within the Pleistocene glaciation. There will be another glacial maximum. According to the Vostok ice core samples, and the graph worked out by geoscientists and geologists, Earth is past the peak of the Holocene interglacial. Within 5000 to 10,000 years, the global average temperature will be well on its way down to what could be as low as 26°Fahrenheit. 2. 180 PPM CO2 is the point where photosynthesis shuts down and plants stop growing on land. CO2 will be absorbed into the rocks and the ocean. "Alkali" Basalt rock absorbs CO2 more than any other type rock. The majority of the ocean bottom is alkali basaltic rock, especially the Pacific ocean bottom that is no older than 120 million years. The Himalayan mountain range is roughly 55 million years old. The majority of it being bare rock service. It is theorized that the Himalayan mountain range alone can absorb all atmospheric carbon dioxide. If there isn't a constant cycling of carbon dioxide in the carbon cycle, It will sequester all carbon dioxide in the atmosphere down to that CO2 bottom of 180 parts per million. 3. There are currently 28 actively erupting volcanoes on Earth's surface. Millions of tons of CO2 are emitted by them. There are even more undersea volcanoes erupting that can not be accurately counted. Millions of tons of CO2 emitted. Factor in all life emitting CO2 when exhaling, combustion and compression vehicles emitting CO2, decigious plant life dropping foliage in their hemispheric fall periods, and then all aerobic life dying, and you have a carbon cycle. 4. Then, you have the sun's infrared radiation striking Earth's surface that excites molecules creating heat and then causing the release of CO2 into the atmosphere. Our greenhouse blanket that keeps all of us in a regulated environment. 5. The more CO2 introduced into the troposphere, the more photosynthesis that occurs, the more carbon cycle activity. 6. 400 PPM CO2 is still a CO2 famine, geologically speaking. QUOTE: William Happer Physicist World renowned carbon dioxide expert and professor of physics at Princeton University.

[@maplin007]

Just knew it would be co2😁 I’m more inclined to asked why was the planets continents splitting up pretty sure it’s not co2

[@paulollerhead]

Perhaps a lot of planets are silicate/water lasagna’s. Where water and rocks place new crusts when effected by their gas giant neighbours.

[@mewingstreak1second]

We pass a dark nebulae that causes those events

[@greghight954]

In 50 years we will look back and laugh at how rudimentary climate science is today. Probably the same with the other sciences as well.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

We don't laugh at Einstein's Special and General Theories of Relativity which have stood the test of time for over 100 years.

[@mikejones-vd3fg]

Amazing to think frozen for 60 million years, well considering a galactic year is 225million years, you can say it was just a galactic winter, 1/4 of the galactic year was colder then then rest. I wonder if this is a recurring pattern like winter is on our solar scale. There should be some evidence if it is. Anyway thanks to the fish who could survive these cold dark temperatures, and then the birds survived the aftermath of the comet which also made land unihabitable. Its up to us land animals to take the torch and surive the next earth extinction even with cities in space! or in the ground even, out of the weather.

[@lavkmr1]

Will it happen again Anton ? 😢

[@davidhicks2736]

The land masses were very spread out, kind of like now lol

[@sulphurous2656]

But how does this factor in to the predicted end of photosynthesis in 600 million years due to a lack of Co2, and the ensuing runaway greenhouse effect coupled with the sun's increasing luminosity? What of the predicted end of plate tectonics in 1 billion years?

[@NeveraCore]

So.. to cool the earth we need another impact.