Making test tube liquid rockets

Go to www.NordVPN.com/nilered or use code NILERED and save 66%! Start protecting yourself on the web today!
For this video, I'll be exploring some of the science behind hypergolic liquid propelled rockets. As a fuel, I used aniline, and as an oxidizer, I used nitric acid that I made in a previous video.
WARNING: what I do in this video is extremely dangerous. Please don't try doing this yourself.
Video sources:
• My fuming nitric acid video: • Making fuming nitric acid
• Non-hypergolic example: • Liquid oxygen and alco...
• Periodic videos: • Chemistry of Lunar Lif...
• Cody'sLab: • Liquid Fueled Rocket T...
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Nile talks about lab safety: • Chemistry is dangerous.
Music in credits (Walker by SORRYSINES): / walker

[@theCodyReeder]

I need to start working on rockets again.

[@halukonal1400]

Hi Cody, I really love your channel. It would be great if you two made a collab.

[@radicaledwards3449]

I blast whenever I can

[@jacobriddle7230]

Yes

[@minos6187]

please do! ill be waiting ;)

[@minos6187]

@@halukonal1400 yes!

[@justinwalker5274]

Alternate video title: "In which Nile Red tests the structural integrity of test tubes and attempts to set fire to Montreal."

[@smellscarly301]

lmaoooo I wish

[@MarcAntoineBvl]

Gone wrong OMG 😯😯

[@nunyabisnass1141]

"This just in, Montreal is reduced to a smoldering cinder!" "In related news, the United States erects statue observing the first 'NileRed Day,' commemorating Canada's liberation from Montreal.

[@nekomasteryoutube3232]

What? Montreal? Fuck, another KZbinr I didn't know was Canadian (Probably the closest to me as well since i live in Toronto)

[@MmeHyraelle]

I knew nile was canadian, but not from my area :o

[@floo1465]

I love how the second test just had a short “Woo!” as its sound.

[@sogstillsleep]

xD I thought that was Nile screaming

[@enzuki]

That sounds like the sound from a jumpscare. All you need is to put a scary face with the sound

[@somerandomcuberyt3384]

It's having fun almost burning down his building lol

[@wizardbrick2541]

Sounds more like a wow

[@defnotdrago]

WOW! Is what I heard

[@aparioss1072]

4:25 mixture suddenly ignites in face Nilered: "getting a bit more comfortable with this mixture"

[@Pythnn]

Well now he knows it'll blow up in his face, instead of thinking it might

[@aparioss1072]

Jack Byers *mixture suddenly ignites in face” Nilered: “just as planned”

[@lamonzeparker7744]

4:25 "WOOOOOOOOOOW" - chemical reaction

[@jamesharding3459]

**looks at how fast he recoils** Comfortable. Right.

[@thesilentprofessional7158]

😂😂

[@viniciuslambardozzi4358]

NileRed: So I'm gonna use this short test tube to ensure the experiment is safe Cody: **snorting cocaine** This 2-liter plastic bottle will be my reaction vessel

[@kaidenpeek5959]

This is underrated 😂😂

[@autumn2675]

Man... can’t believe I live within 10 miles of this man

[@lucaortolani2059]

It really be like that

[@d3vitron779]

Usik Kurchatov Good luck.

[@IamJiva]

no, in the real life i used 20lrs LDPE and get only 50gm

[@RobGamingSubNow]

"Test tube liquid rocket" is the code word for extreme molotov.

[@mftripz8445]

Xtinct- ohh nasty, a compartmented glass bottle with one half the base and a quarter of the reactive chemical

[@carolinacoreas7716]

Buran-Energia.

[@glitchedstudioss]

Y e s

[@elonmusk103]

the reason of it not showing any intresting things when you narrowed up the throat was the 1) the combustion chamber or the place before the throat where reaction was happening was way to big and thus there was not much pressure built up to fire through the main nozzle 2) the throat to nozzle ratio largely matters when you deal with bell nozzle engines here the nozzle was way to big and what happened was the pressure in the chamber dropped too low and thus causing the the air to come in from outside which slowed the reaction and thrust. this is why the flames was not close to the walls (glass) 3)the shape of the part after throat was not well for fluid mechanics. if you see very carefully the throat the place just after the throat you would see a huge empty space between the flames and wall which should have existed these were only which i found out being a noob in the subject but yes i could say if he had done all these he might have blown everything around and even glass would not be able to handle the pressure in the chamber

[@auhsojacosta1672]

Finally. Now I can kill the Wild dogs here

[@gameluencer]

4:25 the acid's way to say "DON'T TOUCH ME"

[@andricode]

I think it was Tyler1 spirit

[@zionnemakoma1398]

4:19 the first drop sounds like a cool sound effect

[@Killbayne]

4:25 *_"WOOOOOOOOOOW"_* - chemical reaction

[@MACTEP_CHOB]

It`s Waaaaaouuuuhhhh

[@lafond3653]

Sounds like a karen

[@comicsansgreenkirby]

no 4:20

[@kaliumnitraat]

comicsansgreenkirby lol 420

[@minnaqiu6510]

Beat me to it

[@benjaminsison2266]

Why is this so hard? It’s not rocket scie-oh wait

[@TheOne-ec9ku]

Ahhuh!

[@ryanc473]

Was about to make exactly this comment, but you beat me by 6 months lol

[@kktan3153]

nice one...

[@comicsansgreenkirby]

@Neil Dickman I thought the same

[@user-iw2mo7yu4d]

Rocket + Science = Rocket Science :)

[@Shawntawnproductions]

Hello, I work at a company called AstroTech here outside the Kennedy Space Center where I regularly handle hypergolic propellants, mainly Dinitrogen Tetroxide and UDMH. My main job is as a Hypergolic Technician, we fuel satellites preparing for launch. I do not know your credentials and connections, but I do not suggest making any video with hydrazine unless you are wearing a full SCAPE suit with the proper training and other safety measures and equipment on hand. As I’m sure you know propellants like hydrazine can cause incredible health problems including cancer after being exposed to as little at 3.5PPM. I’d love to see you experiment with these chemicals but please be safe, these are some of the nastiest chemicals out there, which is why I love working with them!

[@CamRStanford]

Blah blah blah safety kids! Fun nazi

[@Warriorcat49]

@@CamRStanford Not sure if you're joking, or actually completely ignorant as to how dangerous hydrazine is. This isn't the "oops, we spilled a bit, better put on some gloves" kind of stuff, it's the "oops, we spilled a bit, guess we'll all die in five years of acute leukemia" kind of stuff.

[@rootabeta9015]

I've read The Martian, you don't need to convince me that Hydrazine is terrifying :)

[@Pointyy]

@@Warriorcat49 Mmmmmm, the sweet smell of unsymmetrical diethylhydrazine...

[@SoylentGamer]

Is that level of PPE only neccesary for occupational hydrazine exposure? Keep in mind you work with a *lot* more hydrazine on a daily basis. Nile has a fully equipped laboratory, I think he knows what he is doing.

[@deandeann1541]

"Having survived the first taste of arsenic, it gave me the confidence to try a larger taste."

[@eelboy]

yes. just yes.

[@concrete_consumer725]

MMMYUMMY

[@Scudmaster11]

No you dont

[@melbourneonrails5721]

0:55 “I got a lot of comments asking me to explore liquid rockets” *shows image of shuttle using solid rockets*

[@melbourneonrails5721]

I hate Drew Saddic the solid rockets on the side are the only ones used at the time of the photo.

[@joelmarsman9871]

The liquid motors are firing too but as they burn hydrogen you can't really see the exhaust product which is mostly water

[@melbourneonrails5721]

Joël Marsman oh true. My mistake.

[@kenopsia9013]

Ikr

[@berthacox8835]

Why is this so hard? It’s not rocket scie-oh wait

[@roarkeburnett8208]

NileRed 6mo ago: "Can't make too much NOx in this fume hood, it vents right outside." NileRed now: "Let's do 50 test rockets in this hood with RFNA"

[@leocurious9919]

Its not really RFNA, it contains comparatively little NOx.

[@roarkeburnett8208]

I believe those big ole red/brown clouds the reaction produces contain a ton of NOx, sir or madame

[@leocurious9919]

That is correct. But thats the reaction product, not the reactant. This NOx generation will be the case with either RFNA or WFNA.

[@nikoskaravitakis9437]

Still its a small ammount so its ok...For science! XD

[@Seth1484]

"A patron even sent me this: Ignition." Why do I feel like that patron is Scott Manley?

[@Maxx_751]

Yeahhh 😂

[@sogstillsleep]

It has to be

[@saraxum9773]

Me: *watches this video* Ad: *Appears* The guy in the ad: "To fly a rocket ship you need to be an optimist"

[@guyfieri7531]

"I was getting a bit more comfortable with this mixture" *splashes rocket fuel on camera*

[@DangerB0ne]

Hydrazine is no joke, only work with it under ventilation. If you can smell a strong ammonia-like odor while you're working with it, you've been exposed to too much. In that circumstance, contain any hydrazine you're working with, leave it under ventilation, and vacate the premises. Otherwise it would be easier to manufacture the derivative fuels than it would be to buy them. They really only have a niche application in aircraft emergency power units, so anyone who isn't in an airport's maintenance supply office would have a hard time getting their hands on those fuels cheaply.

[@warrentb1]

I wouldn't work with it without a SCAPE suit! Those are the space suit looking things you see in pictures of satellites being fueled, like this one: sci.esa.int/science-e-media/img/80/Planck-fuelling_027.jpg

[@warrentb1]

But then again, I am a coward.

[@christiannorf1680]

I would say just don't use it (especially when your test tube rocket is spraying it all over the place). It's not worth the risk for this little demo. There is a reason why most fully trained chemist (including myself) would only use it if absolutely necessary. NileRed, if you happen to read this: Please also consider that you are venting your fumes to the outside. I like your videos a lot, but using hydrazine in your setup would not only put yourself at considerable risk, it would also be reckless. Please don't.

[@DangerB0ne]

For reference, my experience with hydrazine is from the Air Force. In the Air Force, all maintainers get trained about hydrazine safety if their job is related to an airframe that uses a hydrazine fueled EPU. To put how the Air Force treats this chemical into perspective, if the indicator swatch turns purple, a maintainer smells that ammonia odor, or a clear, oily liquid is pooling near the drains, the area around the aircraft is cordoned off (hangar evacuated if indoors), a ground emergency is declared, and HAZCOM and the base fire dept. is called. It really is no joke.

[@gavinjenkins899]

Aniline is also quite poisonous

[@colonelstriker2519]

Chemist’s version of a horror jump scare

[@soylentgreenb]

Almost. There should have been an exploding test tube in there somewhere.

[@jordyv.703]

Real horror is dimethylmercury

[@luisp.3788]

@@jordyv.703 Phosgen.

[@jordyv.703]

@@luisp.3788 Phosgene isn't even harmfull is low concentrations

[@luisp.3788]

@@jordyv.703 Stroke?

[@scheisse9024]

Next Nilered experiment be like :Making a mini thermonuclear bomb(no plutonium needed).

[@joaopedrog.1465]

*on the second try* Nile: puts aniline on the reaction The reaction: *AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-*

[@ingenuity23]

Hello brother

[@mertb.6487]

KZbinr: exists VPN providers: *its free real estate*

[@guicky_]

raid shadow legends: *its free real estate* world of warships: *its free real estate*

[@transbiologistthetransesto7956]

@@guicky_ i haven't heard of the second one yet, here's to hoping it stays that way

[@guicky_]

@@transbiologistthetransesto7956 it might be more popular on my country, its like a naval focused version of war thunder, if you have heard of that one. can't think of a good way to describe it other then it being a very repetitive pay-to-win game

[@kaliumnitraat]

Casper matress

[@overtonhallford54]

I was told, when i was in the Air Force, that when you realize that you are smelling the hydrazine you already have brain damage. Please be careful with that crap, dude. I like watching your videos, don't off yourself over them!

[@Serpahim]

Overton Hallford He was using Aniline and not Hydrazine! :)

[@luisp.3788]

@paperchasin23 "pucey"

[@andreeacat7071]

lol

[@stevemc01]

How was the Air Force? :D

[@michk5149]

@@stevemc01 its amazing. Sex drugs and rock n roll. Get to fly jets every week.

[@Penguin-1966]

It sounds like someone yelling WOOOO! 4:47

[@lillian6298]

The first time when it lit on fire it sounded like it was screaming

[@idontknowdnkroz]

Please do not mess with Hydrazine, it is incredibly toxic. A fairly small accidental release can put your entire neighborhood in serious harm. On a lighter note, it looks like your throat needs to be smaller. You need to achieve "choked flow" at the throat for much effectiveness. When properly choked, the speed of gas is Mach 1 and it hits equilibrium and no additional speed is possible. This then allows supersonic physics to kick in and accelerate the gas further down the nozzle. If not choked you are not supersonic and dealing with different equations and not accelerating past Boyle's Law. I have some nozzle design textbooks from college I can scan for you if you want to get something going better, has all the calculations needed. Also see if you can adapt and afford a "choked flow Venturi". They are typically used for gas flow measurement and are exactly the shape you need if you can adapt to it.

[@myst1c164]

James Mueller same here I would love to just look at them

[@Viizzai-os]

Could you post the titles/authors of some of the textbooks for some of the people in the comments?

[@einstein0158]

My Chemist teacher currently asked me if i have any cool ides as last chemistry lesson before graduatin. So i showed her some things and also this, and we would like to try out some things and it would be rly awesome if you could maybe scan and E-Mail me the designs so we can think about doing this experiment if it's possible. Hope you answer me soon

[@bluesun128]

He already did a few years ago. He made a video on how to make hydrazine sulfate, which was then used in his luminol synthesis video lol

[@erismurexis966]

I guess he didn't want to "choke" the escaping gases too much. If it does then we'd have seen the glass tubes shoot downwards off the stand. Or maybe they'll just shatter from the incredible pressure inside the glass tube.

[@DrakkarCalethiel]

Going to watch this before it gets deleted...

[@xWood4000]

Atleast demonetized.

[@E_Rico]

Why though?

[@xWood4000]

@@E_Rico Because KZbin's advertisers deem this too risky, may be used as terrorist how to's. See adcopalypse.

[@ErikBrocko]

Because it's not a food review video with cancerous non-copyrighted music.

[@Reverandfatdave]

Or a clip from network broadcasts.

[@rabbet5490]

4:02 most satisfying sound I’ve ever heard

[@neovo903]

A way to expand on in would be to add a load cell to the setup to measure the force of the expanding gas. That way the performance of the reaction could be judged more easily compared to just observing how vigorous the reaction was.

[@drunkenhobo8020]

Messing with hypergolics? I hope you were wearing a good pair of running shoes!

[@srenkoch6127]

Nah, he's not using Chlorine Triflouride, so no need for the shoes....

[@SuperAngelofglory]

yeah, those are for fluorine - metal fires

[@OrangeC7]

@@srenkoch6127 Then again, you can never be too careful... :P

[@soylentgreenb]

​@@srenkoch6127 O2F2 is also fun, affectionately known as "FOOF" because that's its chemical structure and the sound it makes if you pour it on almost anything that isn't a properly fluoridated steel tank.

[@kaidenpeek5959]

Does nobody get the reference?

[@thefourthtuxzt3078]

You must build a rocket with Codyslab now...

[@uhmarcel7417]

Fuck yeah

[@lessefrost]

Scott Manley, Codyslab, and NileRed collab?

[@AguaFluorida]

Once the rocket is built, it can be offered out to the flat-earthers for some test flights. *Some* (a few) of them have generated appreciable funds so surely they'd be interested in supporting a rocket mission, right? RIGHT? :D

[@BillAnt]

Throw in NurdRage in there for good measure ;) ;)

[@thomasblackwell9507]

You could place a strain meter better the test tube and holder to determine the thrust produced. It can be made with aluminum foil and wire along with a couple of ohmmeters.

[@UnknownLol12]

4:30 the white walls 😭😭

[@johnladuke6475]

I love the charming appeal at the end. "Anybody know a cheap place to buy rocket-grade hydrazine?" Never change.

[@the18thguyhere]

I love how it screams WOOOAAH when it fires

[@jacker372]

You should try putting the test tube on a pivot and measuring the kinetic energy of different fuel mixtures

[@jhrraz3527]

that wwould be freaking dangerous cuz the reaction is very fast, maybe putting something like an inverted dynamometer would be safer

[@johnh9363]

A spinning wheel of acid and Fire!

[@jacker372]

@@johnh9363 if it spun freely sure, but you need something to measure the force...

[@warrentb1]

@@jacker372 You don't need to add something like a strain gauge, if you simply record its motion you can determine the force. See ballistic pendulums for example.

[@jacker372]

He can probably get out of danger if he kept the tube at an angle and used a Teflon tubeand a syringe to inject the acid from a range.

[@LongusDongus03]

Ah yes, thank you for providing me with a way to start my grill proper, been having issues with that for years now.

[@10StandardsForBreakfast]

4:25 that sound is honestly frightening. Imagine hearing it in the middle of the night

[@hoguesteele]

"Hey kids... know where I might be able to score a little, you know... hydrazine?" 🕵️‍♂️

[@hobogrifter]

Urea and bleach

[@alden4270]

you know because i'm not on enough government watch lists already...

[@bobthebuilder1360]

"UNDERCOVER RUN"

[@StormP666]

New flag for Kerbal Space Program: NileRed Rocketry

[@Vex_Mistaken-qf9un]

Imagine this gets turned into a science gaming channel

[@justinwang1523]

8:36 It looks like as if a mushroom cloud coming out of the test tube. There is a even better mushroom cloud at 9:05!

[@isaacbenson1631]

A mushroom cloud can happen with any reaction that generates high levels of heat it’s just not as visible as with a nuclear weapon

[@eunickissimo]

12:47 holy shit this sounds very like a space rocket lol

[@TheMrANONYMOOSE]

Nile I would highly recommend experimenting with circular polarized filters on your camera! They can really clean up the reflections from the glass as well as increase the dynamic range

[@alexwang007]

Wild photographer spotted 😉

[@xWood4000]

You are a rocket scientist now, eh?

[@opl500]

I guess it is rocket science.

[@MyuFoxable]

Is the starting of it.

[@xWood4000]

@@MyuFoxable True.

[@ILike2Tinker]

I'd love to see your updated version. Good luck with the hydrazine, all I know is that it's pretty crazy stuff.

[@aidansyracuse3338]

This same reaction occurs when you consum a jalapeño with seeds

[@SuperRazor47]

Sissy

[@matt1807]

Lmfao

[@pixelmaster98]

fire shoots out of your "tube"? Yikes

[@ianowens1905]

Lol ur not wrong

[@bobthebuilder1360]

Reminds me of the time I was dated to eat a habanero before a test when I was in school

[@politischool9051]

4:26 lol thought that was Nile screaming

[@vladimirlenin4080]

Wait, so it isn't his scream?

[@keith1291]

YES! I've been waiting on this for like 2 weeks.

[@minos6187]

we all know how you feel.....

[@user-qx7tm5df8j]

you could have waited only one week and 6 days maximum if you subscribe on Patreon now!

[@qui-gontimtherandomraptor1072]

7:55 "My friend suggested shortening the tube a little" Me: Oh so he's gonna get another shorter tube "So I got out my drimel" Oh.

[@TheDedloc]

2:10 I thought that stand was about to go to outer space lol

[@luisp.3788]

donkey kong bonzi buddy stand

[@SoylentGamer]

Comments: DoNt MeSs WiTh HyDrAzInE Nile: *already made some 3 years ago with urea and bleach*

[@cinquine1]

He made phenylhydrazine and hydrazine sulfate. When it comes to safety those are a world away from pure hydrazine (phenylhydrazine somewhat less so, but he made a tiny amount), which is what the rocket fuel is. Hell in the start of the hydrazine sulfate video he says clearly he will not be making pure hydrazine because it is too dangerous. Just look at NFPA 704 for hydrazine vs hydrazine sulfate, there's no comparison. And then there's the part where he wants to use it in rocket experiments, which means not just leaving it in a container but getting it everywhere. Yikes.

[@steelwarrior105]

So fun fact, hydrazine is used to add hydrogen to BWR nuclear reactors to prevent oxidation

[@Zichie]

You actually did the more dangerous way using test tubes. Science always works best with a healthy dose of engineering skills.

[@therealgretchencaldwell]

4:25 no one: me alone in a large room:

[@daves_secret_chord]

2:41 Rocket Model: *Ignites Loudly* Captions: "Applause"

[@firewingsworld146]

"So a few months ago I made some super concentrated acid"

[@JakeAvatar1]

Note the increase in combustion stability in the narrowed tubes. If you can find a very thick tube you might be able to make the throat narrower and actually build a bit of thrust.

[@johnh9363]

And.... a much greater possibility of explosions!

[@JakeAvatar1]

@@johnh9363 hence the thicker tube.

[@warrentb1]

Or you could change chamber materials to metal and form the throat via metal spinning, then add an injector so it can run for more than an instant. And maybe add regenerative cooling channels. Or you could just make a rocket engine ;)

[@JakeAvatar1]

@@warrentb1 well that would be the ultimate goal, but for initial testing, it is nice to be able to see the reaction

[@kmarasin]

Immerse test tube in water beaker to provide counter pressure and contain explosions.

[@wifisunset5888]

Here before Dr. Stone does a Rocket Fuel Chemistry lesson

[@Project_VideoGame]

Dr. Stone still hasn't reached at making rockets lol

[@xitheris1758]

Nitric acid is more of a historical oxidizer. In almost all cases, it's been phased out for dinitrogen tetroxide. Great video! 👍

[@psychosis7325]

🤣 "Anyone know where I can get some hydrazine?" (knock, knock) "Wonder who that could b.................." Last episode.

[@Dennis_S1000RR]

You should have put your makeshift rocket engines on a scale or something. Then you could have measured the force it would have been able to produce.

[@GabrielHodge]

Im so glad you read ignition i had to write a report for it and honestly it was hard to limit myself to a page count there was just so much good information and commentary with some good humour too

[@xs-1b415]

I love how you can hear "the rocket noise" at the end of this series of experiments. That cracking, blasting sound...

[@sbreheny]

Awesome test! One hypergolic combination I've tried before was furfuryl alcohol and WFNA. As for hydrazine, I have no experience with that to say whether it is a bad idea given your setup. I would think, though, that the best way to obtain it would be to start with hydrazine sulfate, which is readily available and a pretty safe solid, but which can be easily converted to a solution of plain hydrazine in water. Finally, one small correction regarding the rocket nozzle - you are correct that the convergent nozzle speeds up the gasses from subsonic to supersonic, but what you missed is that supersonic flow has the opposite behavior - letting it expand into a wider cross-section causes it to speed up, not slow down as it would with subsonic flow. So, the divergent part of the nozzle is actually doing the same thing that the convergent part does, just at a different flow speed.

[@OrangeC7]

6:53 is it just me or does the test tube on the left look almost cinematic when it's burning in slow motion?

[@Klbkchhezeim]

Maybe that's because it has all the elements of a story? Both the chemicals where introduced, they met, end then there's the build up which is timed perfectly like a bass drop then explosive climax, then it slowly died down and we see the reaction ending Compare that to the right which does not have enough build up and has a rushed climax. Then in the end all we see is black and we were not given a proper conclusion. Sorry if my English is bad Ps: i also don't know why I'm replying to a 2 year old comment

[@OrangeC7]

@@Klbkchhezeim That is genius

[@starlight4649]

That "professional setup" is just about the coolest thing I've ever seen.

[@santicraftmcesp.9178]

The phenomenon you found of solid material is similar to the coking phenomenon in hydrocarbon fuels, the problem with it is that it could clog the valves and pumps of preburners or the main combustion chamber, maybe through thorough mixing by the fuel injectors it is able to burn without the residue

[@joeymagyar8593]

This was by far one of my favorite videos of yours. I really hope you continue with this topic and continue to take it farther. I've been a big fan for a couple years now, keep up the great work and intriguing topics.

[@LieseFury]

I think the reason the gases failed to go supersonic is that the glass cools your reaction too quickly. Especially when the throats were so long like in the final few tests.

[@aaronkintzer3943]

big tube: yeah ill do it slow enough so you can see the stuff happening and appreciate the beauty of this small tube: hehe acid go burrrrr

[@danwhite3224]

I'd love to see what it's like if you mixed in a few metallic compounds (such as alkali metal compounds) to see if it changes the colour of the flame

[@robotslug]

Time for this channel to go full October Sky!

[@witchofengineering]

Why I can't give this comment 1000 likes?

[@sciencecompliance235]

Could be wrong, but I think that was solid rocket fuel Homer Hickam was working with. You wouldn't want "goopey" fuel in a liquid rocket (from what I remember in the movie). That said, I don't see any reason why solid rocket fuels should be off the table for these videos. From a mechanical engineering standpoint, they're much simpler. Still very interesting from a chemistry perspective. Perfect for NileRed.

[@witchofengineering]

@@sciencecompliance235 Yes, Homer was using solid fuels (black powder, potassium nitrate/sugar, zinc/sulfur), but c'mon, everyone makes solid fuels now, it's time to progress!

[@sciencecompliance235]

Wiktor Guzowski Well, as I see it, liquid fuels aren't really any more interesting from a chemistry standpoint, perhaps with the exception of hypergols. They have performance benefits, though, but are much more complex mechanically. I'd love to see a working amateur liquid-fueled rocket, but I don't know if that really dovetails with NileRed's KZbin channel. That's more of a mechanical engineering endeavor.

[@witchofengineering]

@@sciencecompliance235 I'm actually working on an amateur liquid-fueled rocket with my friend. Please follow @JagielloczykAe1 on Twitter to follow our progress.

[@yourayneeum6964]

What is this? Rocket science? Jokes aside. I've been watching your videos for a very long time and you have always inspired me with your great content. I enjoy doing Chemistry experiments myself but I doubt I would have been able to gather as much knowledge in such a fun way without you! Keep up the great work! - A big fan

[@kaylahinde]

is it just me, or do these reactions look so mesmerizing

[@alt8791]

Currently reading _Ignition!_ by Mr. Clark. It's an amazing book, but it's taking me a while because after an hour or two i have to put it down because it's just so technical. I think it's the only book that will have you feeling like you're drowning in technical terms on one page, and then laughing so hard your sides hurt on the next.

[@Nittai_Shiff]

I was waiting for this🙏🙏

[@UriclubTK]

I, too, would be excited if I knew this was coming Mr. TheJewboy68

[@kinomora-gaming]

When I saw that clip from ben rockets I was like "That's it? just a bit of smo- HOLY SHIT!"

[@nickdangerthirdI]

I kept expecting to see shock diamonds in the flames coming from the test tubes. Good video!

[@qu4rtz732]

i watched this with my baby brother and i’m glad to say that he appreciated the sounds that the ignition made

[@grelgen]

too bad you dont have a way to introduce the analine that isnt downstream from the combustion chamber. looks like there's a good chance half of your fuel is thrown out of the tube before it has a chance to react edit: I just realized, you said that analine goes solid at a pretty easy temperature. why not freeze it, and drop in chunks?

[@BothHands1]

I'd think that removing the air would reduce the force of the rocket, since the gases produced by the reaction would first have to fill the tube before they could escape and push outwards. Might make the reaction slightly less interesting to look at. I also don't think the ice method would work either, since the surface area of contact would be quite significantly reduced, slowing down the reaction to the point where the energy would go into melting the ice, rather than pushing air out the top. It might also form a shell of carbon surrounding the ice chunk, preventing the rest of the reaction from proceeding. I suppose both options are worth a try, for science. But I have my doubts about their efficiency. Using a long tube to the bottom of the test tube might be a viable option, but even then, I think the reaction might be blowing the drops of both reagents out, and I'm not sure that would change. I think it might just flip which reagent is thrown out the top. If the aniline is added on top, the reaction occurs between the two "layers", blowing the aniline out the top, but if the aniline is introduced to the bottom of the tube under the nitric acid, he might find himself with nitric acid flying out the top instead. I think that might be the reason he's adding aniline to acid, rather than adding acid to aniline in the first place. Just my speculation though.

[@jonathanodude6660]

the ice wouldn't be in a chunk, it would be ground up, almost powder-like. if that was dumped in on top, its possible that all the aniline reaches the bottom before ignition

[@muriatik_]

is this also the reason why the mixture ignites twice? because some of the aniline is blown away but then it falls back into the remaining nitric acid?

[@sciencecompliance235]

I think the analine might need to be vaporized to properly combust. What he really needs is to feed it into the combustion chamber along with the other reactant, atomized, at the appropriate volume flow rates and with enough pressure (and/or a one-way valve) to keep the feed lines flowing in the positive direction. I don't know if solidifying the analine will be conducive to proper combustion. Then again, creating a constant, stable flow from feed lines is a much more involved engineering project. I like the rocket engineering, but, as a chemist, I think Nile's work should probably be focused mainly on the ratios and phases that yield the best combustion. It would be more mechanical engineering to get into delivery systems that produce such conditions in the combustion chamber. If he wants to get that deep into it, I'd say more power to him and definitely watch the video with avid interest, but it would be a little out of his usual wheelhouse.

[@Felixkeeg]

Aniline*

[@nickz2147]

I wish you uploaded more often . Edit: I'm not trying to force him to upload more often or rush him in any way . I'm just saying that I enjoy his videos so much that I wish they were more frequent . It's like saying "I wish I had a million dollars" you do want it to be true but you're not expecting it to happen .

[@Thonss]

I'm happy with every upload we get. Let him do this on his own pace .

[@Losimantom]

I dont. Quality > quantity

[@Marin3r101]

Hes alone doing this research. Rushing for videos is a good way to get dead.

[@nickz2147]

I'm not trying to force him to upload more often or rush him in any way . I'm just saying that I enjoy his videos so much that I wish they were more frequent . It's like saying "I wish I had a million dollars" you do want it to be true but you're not expecting it to happen .

[@Thonss]

Fair enough.

[@keithbrown2458]

Well done sir, fascinating but I’ve always been way too frightened to even try it so I was happy to see that you did, I felt much safer. Watching you than trying it myself

[@azimalif266]

4:10 that reaction sounds awesome.

[@Mr6Sinner]

Quick little theory on tube length: It might be the same effect as gun powder in- and outside of a contained area. Maybe with the longer tubes, the reaction is contained and forced to a slightly higher pressure resulting in a more vigorous reaction.

[@sciencecompliance235]

Uriah Siner Of course, past a certain length, pressure would decrease past maximum possible. I think what's more critical is just atomizing/vaporizing the reactants such that complete combustion occurs more efficiently, and less tube length is needed for the reactants to completely mix. With large droplets or pools, reactions can only occur at the interfaces between reactants. By atomizing, you increase the effective surface area capable of producing contact between the reactants, minimizing the need for a lengthy tube through which heat and dispersion vaporizes and atomizes the reactants that started in the combustion chamber as pools of liquid.

[@captainmidnite93]

Milligrams of hydrazine on skin can cause liver failure. A spacewalker's worst nightmare on the suit-only way u coming back thru airlock is neckked . Interestingly it's a defense mechanism for some mushrooms.

[@mitchellroberts7954]

what? I don't understand your english

[@lpnlizard2742]

@@mitchellroberts7954 hydrazine is extremely toxic to all forms of life.

[@hylioja]

In Finland that mushroom is a popular delicacy, after VERY carefull preparations of course.

[@DocMedic]

Let's give you my interpretation, "Miligrams of hydrazine on a person's skin can cause liver failure. A spacewalker's worst nightmare is hydrazine on his/her spacesuit, since the only way you'll be coming back through the airlock is naked. Interestingly enough, it's also a defense mechanism for some varieties of mushroom."

[@shallabim912]

Dr. Medic You're a hero.

[@richardautry5930]

I agree with you on the smaller tube. when the larger tube received the reactant it ran slower as the tube had a larger area to cover, whereas in the smaller tube the reactant had a greater amount to deal with on a smaller scale.

[@whitewerewolf208]

Is it just me or is his videos so good that you be going back 4 or 5 years just to watch more

[@TranceF0rmation]

We gotta get this man a High Speed Camera already, guys

[@ragna7048]

This is such an amazing channel. Full of carefully constructed quality content and an amount of creativity, patience and curiosity I could never imagine having. Keep up the good work 👏🏻

[@memebeam8181]

But the little one you made when it lit it sounded like a hyped teenager just WHOOOOOOO

[@SadCephalopod1]

4:20 it sounds so cool

[@Smitsva]

4:26 spilling all over the wall had me laughing

[@Furiends]

14:18 Chewwwhhh Pccuuuhhh

[@iamkai101]

hey thanks for that loud sounds warning. i have a lot of issues with that sort of stuff so that warning meant a lot

[@nietmachine1866]

6:19 smoke ring down right corner

[@omnirath]

As a small testimony I just want to say that I blew my hand while doing that kind of reaction fortunately the surgeon was some kind of wizard so I didn't loose my five beloved fingers but be safe and a great video like this is more than enough even if you feel comfortable with rocket fuel !

[@garyvte]

El topo Brujo post pics of hand

[@CJdude22]

I found it interesting that after the main ignition has died off, there's a smaller secondary reaction every time.

[@opticvoltaire7775]

4:25 at this moment for the first time you can see the fear in his hand when the test tube goes FOOOSH

[@wooy1701]

and you can hear him say fffffu *cuts out*

[@xavier1964]

The nozzle shape of a DeLaval nozzle is very significant in the generation of the thrust. It needs to be a bell or a 15 degree cone.

[@Veptis]

I love this. It's probably not allowed but I would love to show this as a demonstration in chemistry class (13th year) because I do a rocket talk in history already and his would just fit. Your video is a good source of information

[@dosmastrify]

10:35 "we've lost the center core"

[@han_solo-sl7ek]

It kind of sounds like fart SFX lol

[@rock_it3685]

its scary how such a small scale test has such a violent reaction

[@justindarst374]

I’d like to see you test on how much it would propel depending on the length from top of the tube to the bottom. See if that has a correlation to increasing or decrease thrust. But would be difficult to maintain the same diameter of the throat. Great vid non the less, gets ya wondering.