Math for Game Programmers: Building a Better Jump

[@NeoAF10]

25:13 Kind of uncool forcing him out the podium.

[@BloodyOrchidDC]

Yeah, Kyle didnt finish his talking yet.

[@MarkusSeidl]

I think they are on a tight schedule and the next presentee has to setup things...

[@SerpongeDash]

Yeah they're definitely on a tight schedule but that didn't look super well handled "one more question" proceeds to basically throw him a way after saying this "we can thanks kyle" ???

[@MaxskiSynths]

If you're on a tight schedule then you duck down, keep a low profile and quietly apologise and maybe explain about the tight schedule. This guy just comes on and grabs the fucking laptop.

[@RealRushinRussian]

Yeah, he closes the dude's laptop down and hands it over to him. Like, really?

[@jayxofficial5126]

Bro, that guy was so rude to the guy speaking. Watch till the end to see who deserves the 2016 douche award.

[@nightwintertooth9502]

Guy being a douche never wrote a line of game code in his life! Respect physics and respect math its at the core of what we do!

[@kuretaxyz]

What a colossal douche. Unbelievable.

[@Table53]

Clicked on this to watch a GDC talk about video game mechanics, ended up essentially watching a refresher lecture that I remember taking during first year Physics

[@zombie_pigdragon]

Watched this while procrastinating first year physics homework, am not all too thrilled to learn that people do use this stuff, even if I already knew it.

[@LOLWHATBRO]

@Kalicrowa it doesn't seem at all that this video is directed toward someone who just wants the math numbers and how to implement it. Its not a tutorial. As someone who didn't take any physics classes in my life, it's a good thing that it's explained in detail instead of assuming the viewer is a literal college graduate in the field of the subject. The whole point is to explain it, otherwise why would he go up there and talk? 🤔

[@echelon2k8]

4:25, 9:48, 12:58, 16:25, 19:58, 22:37, 25:18

[@asonael3205]

echelon2k8 Calm down, Satan. but no really I wanted rage quit this video every time.

[@AustinBabineau]

thank you

[@WymanandBrad]

echelon2k8 why is that a thing?

[@gafeht]

It's so good. I feel like he's swallowing me.

[@diggoran]

so much about this audio bothers me, but these are the particular parts I hate the most. I just imagine the entire live audience being blasted by gulps out of loudspeakers every 4 minutes

[@gordorodo]

Is there an extreme stereo effect on this video or is it just me? If he moves two inches to the right, his voice gets almost completely panned to the right channel, idem for left channel. I wonder if this was recorded with two mics on stereo channels (WHY?!) or the person who did the edit of this video was just bored to hell and decided to pan the speaker's voice each time he moved just a little tiny bit.

[@manictiger]

It's pretty bad. You'd think they'd know to use a mono mic for voice. _"GDC talks cover a range of developmental topics including game design, programming, _*_AUDIO_*_..."_

[@sismikkk]

i read your comment before the end of the video and now i'm hearing it, THANKS !

[@HerbaMachina]

I listened to the video with one ear bud in so I didn't notice thankfully lol

[@gafeht]

I was already messing with my audio settings and had fixed it by switching to mono when I noticed your comment

[@desktorp]

Speaking of floating between two points, is the speaker australian or a southern dandy or what? His accent is all over the map.

[@mrslake7096]

if you are using unity, Sebastian lague have a great tutorial & source code available that does this just search for " [Unity] Creating a 2D Platformer (E03. jump physics) "

[@konstantinkh]

Worth noting that Mario switches to heavy gravity on jump release even if peak hasn't been reached yet, giving you jump height control. That was the original reason for it to be coded that way. But in general, yeah, having acceleration change on up and down movement and with jump key held/released tends to give the nice responsive jumps you see in the platformers we tend to remember. And the specifics of what gravity should be on each segment and whether pressing the jump key again after releasing it makes a difference is up to specific game implementation.

[@konstantinkh]

@@alanx4121 Yeah, but that's technically a reskin of an entirely unrelated game. So the fact that SMB2's controls were different is no surprise. More nuanced air control certainly added to the flexibility of movement for sure. And yeah, I should have specified that I was talking about original SMB Mario in the opening sentence. 👍

[@casperdewith]

I feel like Mario’s jump the way the lecturer described it, is as if you stop holding right (or dash, or jump) as Mario hits the peak of his jump. As far as I know, the parabolas are perfect if you do full jumps and hold right and dash.

[@valletas]

I havent even watched this video but the instant i read your comment i imediately though "so thats how its done" and i opened up my game to try this out It isntantely felt a lot better

[@SurajSharma-uu8tx]

Oó

[@Ermude10]

Short note on the integration methods: Euler integration doesn't conserve energy, so what happens is that when we try to approximate a continuous jump curve, in each discrete time step we will travel in a straight line in the same direction as (tangent to) the curve. Over many time steps, the error from choosing a straight line will accumulate and deviate from the "real" curve. Depending on how you do your update function and how it depends on each frame, a frame rate drop might make this error more noticeable. Runge-Kutta 4 is very accurate but also doesn't conserve energy, but the error grows very slow and won't be noticeable during a single jump. However, it is a bit expensive to calculate. And then comes Verlet, which is cheaper than RK4 and conserves energy. The accuracy depends on the timestep though, so it probably won't be as accurate as RK4, but it generally works better in games.

[@BackflipBeaver]

I'm no programmer, but this does seem like a valid summary :) Might I also add that the reason why the Verlet integration method is so stable, despite it's limited accuracy for a given time step, is that it fulfills the "symplectic condition" in classical mechanics. Basically, the all important energy conservation criterion associated with this "frictionless" jumping shown in the video is nicely approximated if your integrator is symplectic. Cheers!

[@MLPvipiao]

I actually ran into that problem recently, I'm making a physics engine, but energy just kept increasing or decreasing depending on whether my game loop updated the properties of the objects like this: "acceleration, velocity, position". Or like this: "acceleration, position, velocity". The way I solved it was to go "acceleration/2, velocity, acceleration/2, position".

[@BackflipBeaver]

Interesting! And yeah it's perhaps not the most intuitive approach seen from the beginner's perspective, myself included. I'm actually going to use Verlet extensively for the first time in the upcoming weeks. It's in relation to a Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation of liquid nitrogen, where friction is (thankfully) absent ;)

[@Ermude10]

+BackflipBeaver Physics student? What is your goal with the simulation? I'm curious, since I'm (also?) doing physics :)

[@BackflipBeaver]

Engineering Physics, so yeah! In summary, I am to model a predetermined set of nitrogen atoms in the microcanonical ensemble, where the pair interactions are described by Lennard-Jones potentials and Periodic Boundary Conditions (PBCs) apply. I implement the rigid-rotator approximation for each N_2 molecule by way of a holonomic constraint. The first goal is to check whether the equipartition theorem holds up (I fix the temperature "indirectly" by rescaling the velocities regularly in-between some predetermined number of Verlet integration steps). Secondly, I want to determine the pressure of the gas from fixed temperatures and densities and hopefully identify some phase transition if I manage to get that far :)

[@MacoDeVinx]

Akward ending for him lol

[@harborned]

Really liked the talk, many thanks! Also, downloaded the game, liked it too :) Jumping felt great - clearly know what you're talking about :)

[@noname-mw7oy]

Holy shit that guy at the end was an ass. Great talk broski.

[@preetmokha7002]

Who's here after Pontypants video? xD

[@jayxofficial5126]

I suck at math and still program, this is why my games suck! I get it now lol. I really need to consider getting better though, or I will keep making crap. Thanks for this video it really helped : ) No room for lazy!

[@RedHotBagel]

Tl;DW: Use variable gravity to design your jump mechanics.

[@TheMarrt]

So true, if he would just have started with the warped jumping parabolas and mentioning the accumulated error he did not fix his whole talk could have been 2 Minutes with the same informational value

[@kevnar]

I've seen game design tutorials on KZbin that explain this stuff in less than one minute. dy -= jumpSpeed. dy += gravity. Let the math sort out everything else.

[@caxco93]

+kevnar thats the Euler one he showed. but its not that good

[@HeyzDexy]

He didn't get his point across very well, he should have simplified his talk

[@Rooster128]

honestly in a network setting when you have clientside prediction and serverside movement, i would probably still stick to euler too. his method he describes seems very dangerous when talking about multiplayer games- or talking about any other game that uses other movement abilities. honestly, i don't know why he doesn't make a new variable like "fall factor" to multiply by gravity, rather than adjusting the gravity variable itself. gravity should be constant unless something in the game explicitly calls for it to be altered (like in Prey, or what have you)

[@Estigy]

Nice to see Leonard Hofstadter doing science talks again.

[@manwithbrisk3418]

Just happened on this video. As someone who tried to fix the, "floatyness" of UE4's standard jump back in school it was a really interesting talk.

[@sdrawkcab_emanresu]

Did you managed to do it? Would you say its "easy" to make a good jump and run in unreal or should i learn unity?

[@viniciusqueiroz2713]

I guess sometimes we keep up with the advanced stuff and forget about the basics... I really needed all that Physics Introduction review. Thank you, Kyle!!

[@zoeythebee1779]

boy I wish I had more than middle school level math knowledge

[@tear728]

grayvity and paraybolas

[@merkaba48]

Here's my resulting code after watching this and the tutorial series "[Unity] Creating a 2D Platformer" mentioned below. Hopefully this will be useful for someone. // Calculate the gravity and initial jump velocity values _jumpGravity = -(2 * JumpHeight) / Mathf.Pow(TimeToJumpHeight , 2); _jumpVelocity = Mathf.Abs(_jumpGravity) * TimeToJumpHeight ; // Step update stepMovement = (_velocity + Vector3.up * _gravity * Time.deltaTime * 0.5f) * Time.deltaTime; transform.Translate(stepMovement); _velocity.y += _gravity * Time.deltaTime; // When jump button pressed, _velocity.y = _jumpVelocity; NB. that is for a simple jump, no double jumping, differing gravity when descending, etc. Those things should be trivial to solve; the meat of the 'better jump' is calculating velocity/gravity from a desired height variable and time to reach it variable, and implementing the "velocity verlet" when calculating the step movement (+ gravity * deltaTime * 0.5). I wish I understood the math behind this stuff a bit better, but just knowing how to implement it is good enough for my purposes.

[@garryiglesias4074]

Useful for who ??? What is useful is people doing it THEMSELVES... This is basic maths, you can program this at 14 y/o... So no it's not useful, and if people find this useful, I hope it's for their own education and not to pretend becoming a pro one day. Copy paste has NEVER been useful. Unless you're a cheater, lamer, and think more about your programming career as becoming some "unproductive chief" than becoming a real expert programmer.

[@dampee6]

@@garryiglesias4074 This guy goes two years with zero comments and just some "quiet" likes. Then you come along...

[@garryiglesias4074]

Principle of learning are older than Aristotle... It's not about the writer, but the potential reader who could be tricked to "learn" by Copy-Paste.

[@UndeadFleshgod]

Oof I hope that since you wrote that, you learned that the _ naming scheme is fucking retarded

[@kaganylmaz3904]

@@garryiglesias4074 Geez dude, for someone who doesn't want to watch to video but learn about the topic, this code can be much useful you know he can learn what makes a better jump in seconds. Did we really need a lecture about being successful at programming.

[@ossf4670]

Very interesting talk, yes. But daaamn you can run a McDonald's with that much vocal fry.

[@BM-qb3oo]

LOL

[@rooneye]

lol It makes my throat hurt just from thinking about it ^_^

[@hodgey1668]

This guy's accent is wild, he's dropping t's like I would expect from the english but he sounds american?

[@porteal8986]

Hodgey yea, it sounds like he lost a bet and had to do the whole talk in a british accent, but he has no idea how to do a british accent

[@simonRTJ]

Er..as a Bri-T-ish man, I objec-T to the notion of one dropping ones T's...tha_T is usually a-TT-ributed T-o Lazy American slur!! thank you very mu-T-ch

[@porteal8986]

Simon Rose​ yea, but the american idea of a brittish accent usually involves a specific stereotypical brittish accent that involves alot of dropped t's for some reason

[@TheBanderolli]

While, like we all know, it's the H's that get dropped instead!

[@LunaEqualsLuna]

Yup it is a very strange accent. It seems like an American accent yet he pronounces about 10% of words with what sounds like a british accent

[@nucleartide]

This is a superb, superb tutorial. Thanks Kyle!

[@tensevo]

This guy could play the archetype nerd in any sci-fi film. Wild accent.

[@michaelvicente5365]

did he just close his laptop?... really dude?

[@MarcCastellsBallesta]

I learned about the Verlet algorithm while doing Molecular Dynamics. I'm surprised to see it applied to videogames. :-)

[@flavioryu5922]

I used it to simulate a harmonic oscillator :o I'm surprised too

[@sirgouki6207]

I wish I had known GDC had their own youtube channel sooner. This is great. Getting passed the crappy audio, I sat through this entire lecture and both facepalmed at how close I actually got to something similar to this on my own, and learned a great deal at the same time.

[@Nenkos]

The audio makes me nauseous.

[@LittleRainGames]

Yeah the swallowing is nasty...

Exactly, I'm using headphones and the audio is really uncomfortable and makes me a bit nauseous (no problem with other videos). Can't really pinpoint why though. Like the quality is corrupted somehow.

[@tightlypackedcoil]

I only have one question. What?

[@louther1213]

Wow learned more about physics from this than high school...

[@NeesyPlaysGuitar]

every time he says "back" i think of kyles cousin from NY in South Park. Trolly accent. Grevity.

[@jonathino001]

This guys accent is throwing me off like crazy...

[@benjaminramsey4695]

This is great stuff. Just a nerdy nitpick - you're not "momentarily weightless" only at the peak of the jump, but are in fact weightless throughout the entire parabola.

[@Carbon_Cola]

Is the audio quality shit for anyone else? It's kind of switching from ear to ear and seems like the highs are like super amplified. I legit can not listen to this talk as a result, it's very uncomfortable.

[@nightwintertooth9502]

Parabolics completely smoothed out my moving platform code. I was looking for good parabolic integration over the Euler method I was using and found it! Thank you.

[@damiangonzalez_esp]

I love GDC talks,but this one is kind of boring. You cannot talk about jumps and not give one single example (besides 1:21)

[@MadBunnyRabbit]

For more examples, listen to it again.

[@taylorbird901]

Excellent treatment of this material. You Have To Win The Game looks fun and nostalgic also.

[@jacekarino]

Incredible talk! Also, I love Minor Key Games' projects. Insanely satisfying platformer physics, great work.

[@MatteoAntonyMistretta]

This was pure gold, thank you so much for sharing!

[@ZxCrono]

YOOOO, I've won the game a long time ago, and I'm a fan of the mechanics. I'll have to look back on that game in reference to this video later.

[@natedizzy4939]

im not stupid or anything. far from a complete idiot. but this talk did not make anything easier to understand about creating a better jump.... anyone could stand on a stage and spout off the physics of a jump. shit, i could do it. isnt the point for your audience to kind of, you know, understand wtf you're talking about without having to video or take pics the whole time and then go home and dissect the talk?.. js

[@unvergebeneid]

Can we get the _Thomas was Alone_ guy to give a talk about jump mechanics?

[@FreakStyler]

It had some of the worst jump mechanics for such a simple game. He had one job...

[@divine308]

How about only programming the height of the jump an speed of the character going up the porabula could be just controlled by moving forward at the same speed as the characters standard running or walking speed based on which direction the character runs Example:If I run to the right and push space to jump the character should move right at the same speed just traveling up in the air also coming back down

[@Eddie2P]

i hate when games dont keep horizontal momentum when jumping. i want to BLJ everywhere

[@thatonerealguy69]

8000th like! 😂😂👌

[@error.418]

per-eh-buhluh greh-vih-tee

[@ShaunDreclin]

Anonymous User haha I was looking for this comment. he can't pronounce his damn a's right!

[@jacopobertolotti5025]

Someone please tell me that this is not the typical level of math competence of a game developer...

[@goji5887]

its not.

[@snippyboons]

I actually found this talk super confusing. Feels like he's a big math guy and I am not. I'm having trouble translating some of the formulas to working code. I think maybe it's because he jumps around a lot.

[@alexkfridges]

this guys accent is so bonkers. dafuq is it?

[@Concentrum]

horrible audio, my ears are hurting even on low volume :(

[@spaderkungskuk]

Math for those who skipped class, explained in too many words.

[@Boujonzu]

What is his accent?

[@TomKermode]

That was really nicely presented and explained.

[@FedericoOliphant-i2n]

Thomas Jason Johnson Shirley Lewis Margaret

[@computerrcat870]

THANKS IT HELPED A LOT WITH MY PLATFORMER

[@jadivods]

This guy has quite an interesting accent, its like a weird mix of a western accent and an american accent.

[@algi1]

3:55 My favorite autocomplete typo: textbox physics. :D

[@JoshBetty-e8c]

Harris Melissa White Richard Wilson Gary

[@cortexai6541]

1:13 lool that fat cat jump thoe, never gets old - Geronimooooo!!! ;'D

[@VsnsmnGndmd]

Walker Kevin Davis Frank Martinez Jessica

[@MaxwellsWitch]

So... I want to make a General Relativity raytracer. I got the maths I want to use, but where do I start with the programming? I can calculate the light paths by hand, on the computer, but I want to make images with this data I can calculate. I know c++, cuda, sfml, and some other stuff, but I need to use some pretty efficient stuff.

[@elllieeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee]

That ending was painful to watch

[@JakieToJestPojebane]

How would you add terminal velocity to this?

[@marverickbin]

i remember all jump possibilities in super mario 3d world, and it is amazing. wamdering how it was programed

[@anthonygibbs9245]

I wish I understood this lol

[@NikolaZagorac]

I was looking for a study on game development, not advanced math...

[@ShoppingBored]

Game dev is heavy on math. Deal with it.

[@NikolaZagorac]

@@ShoppingBored yeah but this could of been presented much simpler and understandable. It's boring like a high school math class.

[@alessandrodarmiento5131]

Very interesting video, I updated my falling system with this. Thank you! One question: I didn't get very well how should I update G using the Runge Kutta integrator, given the position offset previously defined. Thanks

[@noface7842]

...I just played the game showed in the thumbnail of the vid and the game's physics is great not gonna lie

[@giraffe357]

Why is the audio fucked.

[@princekodjo7798]

I had an issue I solved where the final height of a jump never quite reached the specified final height. It turns out that it was off by height/t^2. I'm not sure why, but I fixed it by adding that to my initial velocity. Just putting this here in case anyone has the same problem, spent hours in Desmos calculator trying to fix it...

[@XCATX25]

I don't get it, why the thumbnail is WIn the Game which doesn't follow ANY of the rules set in this presentation? LOL. Also it's a good reference for what can be different from this system

[@howmuchbeforechamp]

Here is my code for jumping (If _jump == not cool Then ;don't )

[@AugustBurnsSam]

I'm using this in my game, do I need to credit you?

[@ScottJoC]

This is the driest talk I've seen in a long time

[@bendunkley5623]

I initially read that as "dirtiest" and I wondered what kink you had.

[@thatlonzoguy]

This guy gives off huge tim sweeny vibes, he even sounds like him hah. Very good talk and interesting!

[@neodaltiair8624]

So he’s saying use your known values such as height and distance to find initial values like starting velocity and gravity. Do that for each scenario/parabola and apply those velocities and gravities given the conditions are met.

[@senpaizuri5166]

This is very -chug down liquid- Insightful. Thank you~

[@0osk]

The talk that takes place after this one is called "Math for Game Programmers: Juicing Your Cameras With Math"

[@bunnybreaker]

I found this really interesting, but I fully admit, a lot of it went over my head. I decided to try following along in GameMaker. The first section about defining a jump in terms of jump height and time-to-peak went absolutely fine. When the next section comes along talking about defining jumps in terms of height and distance (my goal) it goes horribly wrong. I followed the substitute calculations at @13:10 and the gravity value is giving me a wildly different number resulting in tiny tiny hops compared to the height/time version. Can anyone confirm they have followed this (not necessarily in GameMaker) and had it work? I assume I am doing something wrong or GameMaker has a bug, since this guy seems really smart and I'm sure he would have noticed a massive mistake while presenting even if it had slipped into the PowerPoint.

[@Nicoladen1]

Do you have the right settings for your room under the physics tab?

[@bunnybreaker]

Nicoladen Hey. I completely forgot I posted a comment here. The problem was identified (by someone else) and fixed. Here is the reddit thread where my code was posted and the solution discussed. www.reddit.com/r/gamemaker/comments/5i9svk/help_following_a_video_about_defining_jumps_from/

[@error.418]

Thanks for the awesome reply

[@SxAde]

​@@bunnybreaker I was having the same problem until I found your commentary. Tho I'm implementing it on Unity I found the answer on the link you shared really helpful, thanks.

[@bunnybreaker]

@@SxAde I'm glad it could be of use to you. I'm actually in a similar situation, now I've switched from GM to Unity and want to build an action platformer. I will probably have to back and read the thread again too :P

[@ryanfuxa6738]

grevviteeee.............😑

[@Chase-314]

GitHub example？

[@heavysaber9431]

gold

[@subliminalman]

Thanks for laying this out, I've been messing with different ways of doing jumps in my platformers. I'll have to try this one out

[@DJ_POOP_IT_OUT_FEAT_LIL_WiiWii]

I suggest you try fooplot online.. much easier, less math and pretty much same result. For a basic parabola try: -(x-1)^2+1 You substitute X value for time and the result is the height of the jump at time X. C# would be -Math.Pow(time - 1, 2) + 1. Time should be from 0 start of jump to 1 end of jump. Height will be from 0 floor position to 1 max jump position. When you reach max position, calculate a second parabola for the down jump. This one should work pretty well: (x-1)^4

[@HalkerVeil]

The sarcasm in this comment is amazing.

[@MaxwellsWitch]

Yeah, I used rk4 to simulate projectile motion in curved spacetime.

[@wtmftproductions]

Just making sure I follow, this all assumes a kinematic character movement right? As in, we're simulating the gravity, right? I'm wondering because I'm lost on why the latter part of the video deals with updating our acceleration when I'm here just using Unity's built-in gravity. Not sure how to implement any of this. (To be clear, this is in no way a critique of this video. I am, in fact, humbled by just how little I know, and realize this might be a noobish question.)

[@ondrej_hrdina]

I just spent like an hour implementing this and had no idea what I was doing lmao, dind't work at all for me.

[@tunmixx]

there should be mono sound checkbox next to quality settings @youtube

[@TheCourtJester.]

he a kiwi?

[@Skyrimmit]

Yup im hiring a programmer holy shit I'm not doing that

[@kylethescientist]

What kind of accent is that

[@danielesquivel3155]

19:56 :V

[@therealtraderlife]

Wow not one mention of rb.velocity ..

[@Sim2322]

It's sad they didn't talked about Coyote Jumps and Hangtimes, but it was pretty good nonetheless

[@pacifico4999]

My opinion: Don't derive position, but rather velocity or force. Whichever one is easier to work with on your game engine. If you derive position, you won't be able to react to physics objects very well.

[@hasanshafy_]

How do I apply this in Unreal?

[@Ouvii]

this guy shatters my knowledge of English phonetics. Where is he from?

[@xananacs]

Interesting, but after doing 15 platformers, it's much faster to begin with setting the gravity and other stuff upfront and just tweaking...You develop a feel for what the numbers map to in terms of movement.

[@Tudumanu]

The theory vs pratice... one knows how to do it and the other one just do it!

[@mycollegeshirt]

Yeah, all the best platformers in the world used that I'm not sure why I would do it this way, I mean working forward doesn't the player get the game feel, and an ability to predict how the character will behave.

[@xananacs]

I don't think there's one way of doing it, it's just good to vary methods and test different ways of thinking

[@ChannelOfJoris]

The Mario games design their jump with a predetermined maximum, minimum and average height and distance. The advantage of this method is that it is easier to design levels on paper when you know these values, which is faster than playtesting (which you still need to do, just not as much). Furthermore, the Ratchet & Clank games use roughly predetermined distances to make it easier for players to see whether they should jump, double jump or hover. Of course every method has its pros and cons, and since all methods work you should just use the one that you feel most comfortable with.

[@HalkerVeil]

I agree. These people trying to quantify everything when it's just a simple jump. You can look at a bad jump and instantly know it's bad. If you just play games. It's intuition. This talk is like trying to explain how to take a dump and the amount of PSI you need in your bowels. Just push damn it.

[@uhhmir]

i didnt know david wallace joined the videogame industry

[@giviarabidze2287]

I don't understand one thing, if someone can make it clear. How can you use V0 in equation on Th considering V0 on Th is 0 and it is gTh + 0 = 0 and not gTh + V0 = 0?

[@Thinkyhead]

I wonder if he might be from the northern NY - Rochester - or maybe Minnesota region…

[@ProgrammerGamer1]

take one headphone off or this noise will turn you into a zombie

[@alfredogodoy6854]

Es un genio este péndulo