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Meiosis Cell Division. Stages of Meiosis.
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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four genetically unique daughter cells. It is essential for sexual reproduction and occurs in the formation of gametes, such as sperm and eggs in animals, or spores in plants.
The key stages of meiosis are:
1. Meiosis I:
Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes pair up (synapsis) and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over.
Metaphase I: Paired homologous chromosomes line up at the cell's equator.
Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles.
Telophase I: The cell divides into two haploid cells, each with half the original number of chromosomes.
2. Meiosis II:
Prophase II: Chromosomes condense again in the two new cells.
Metaphase II: Chromosomes align at the center.
Anaphase II: Sister chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles.
Telophase II: The cells divide, resulting in four haploid daughter cells, each with a unique combination of genetic material.
Meiosis ensures genetic diversity and the correct number of chromosomes in offspring.
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