Metals in glass are AWESOME!

[@nevar108]

This should be a preclude to teaching spectrometry. Would be perfect way to illustrate how we can identify what stars are composed of, or what the atmosphere of different planets are composed of.

[@wilberpena1764]

You just helped me understand stars better, so it would probably work

[@MandrakeFernflower]

UV vis baby!

[@transkryption]

Or what epectron clouds are doing in response to different energy photons re transmission.

[@anotherguy1260]

SciFi hoopla. That kind of technology is purely speculation. Considering that carbon dating is bogus and that's technology that was developed in an environment we could physically touch, handle and verify.

[@transkryption]

@@anotherguy1260 what are you talking about spectrometry? or electron clouds¿ what do you think is actually happening to a photon ie light when it enters a substance? How do you think phosphorescence works? When photons come in they raise the energy level of the electrons within the substance. when they return to their ground state they emit photons of a lower energy. eg fluorescent tube. the UV emitted from the mercury hits the phosphor producing photons of lower energy ie white light. How is this this sci-fi hoopla.???? wnd what does this have to do with the Nucleus of an atom or radiocarbon dating????

[@Dukefazon]

"Hey, honey, have you seen my green beads? I don't know where I put them..." "I don't know sweetie, I only found these purple ones" :D

[@danielgorzelniak3209]

This needs to get a heart.

[@geyotepilkington2892]

Thats the best anal bead joke I've ever seen, 10/10 gg

[@bryanmartinez6600]

@@geyotepilkington2892 welp I thought they were wrist beads at first but I guess they're multipurpose

[@AST4EVER]

"I don't need purple beads Honey! Throw them in the bin and search for the Green ones" 😂😂

[@jameslatham3521]

Cool video! Never thought about the metals in glass.

[@brainiac75]

Thank you very much, James. Metals are useful dopants for many uses.

[@Megalomaniakaal]

Metals? Conductors you mean?

[@lukassarauskas4103]

It's so weird how metals have the ability to infuse things with colors while in certain states. Chemistry is trippy.

[@Muonium1]

Though there is no hard line separating the fields, t's really more physics here than chemistry. The colors are being created by very specific electronic transitions - d orbital transitions in the transition metals, f orbital interactions in the rare earths. Though the host material properties - amorphous glass or crystalline matter - do shift the absorption peaks of the dopant in different ways.

[@lukassarauskas4103]

@@Muonium1 oh, wow, I'm just learning 12th grade chemistry and I'm absolutely green when it comes to the natural coloration of metals except of course their oxidation/crystallization. Thanks, I'll sure look more into it!

[@ThePaintballgun]

@@Muonium1 That's a pretty useless distinction tbh. all chemistry is physics. If you study chemistry you're going to end up spending more time studying orbital transitions than the average physicist, unless they specialize in transition metals or solid state.

[@Muonium1]

@@ThePaintballgun and all physics is just mathematics, whine to someone else.

[@Bob3D2000]

​@@Muonium1 Why is it that people are incapable of addressing others on the internet in a civil manner?

[@GQuack]

Cobalt/Molybdenum glass. They look the best out of all of them. And yes, I would like to see you showing us the IR emissions.

[@brainiac75]

That deep blue cobalt glass really is stunning. No wonder, that cobalt glass is popular amongst collectors. I hope to get some tips on an inexpensive but well-made USB spectrometer. Thanks for watching!

[@kaitlyn__L]

Saaame. Those two shades of blue are great.

[@fairyqt]

They look tasty.

[@Silexium]

Personally, I like Wolfram/Tungsten glass the most.

[@ExaltedDuck]

wow, I work in an industry that deals with pigmentation so I've seen plenty of examples of metamerism but that demonstration at the beginning is one of the most impressive demonstrations I've seen of it. Usually, it's just something that looks a couple shades off in varied lighting, not entirely different colors.

[@brainiac75]

It is as stunning in real life, since our eyes are good at 'white-balancing' to the used light sources. It is challenging to capture on video though, but with the right light sources and settings on the camera (and a lot of experimentation), it is possible to film. Glad you liked it!

[@chrysshart]

I am a borosilicate lampworker and the different properties of metals in our colored glass are probably the most important factor in working. Temperature level, flame chemistry (more or less oxididing/reducing), and the length of time the glass is exposed to specific temperatures all effect what color a glass will turn out (within the range of that mixture, of course) based on the metals within. We can also layer transparent colors over each other (as well as over opaque colors) to get dramatic effects as the light bounces around between the layers. Thank you for making this wonderfully in-depth video on how the metals in glass interplay with light to produce different colors!

[@paulpardee]

This video is an example of why you're one of the best science channels on the internet today. Great video, man! And the photography during the montage was first rate, too. Gorgeous shots!

[@jesusgonzalez84]

The reason that Cranberry glass, used in stainedglass windows/lamps, dishes, vases etc. is so expensive, is because of the precious metal (gold) used in making it.

[@Braeden123698745]

And yet when you put nano sized particles of gold in water it turns green.

[@jesusgonzalez84]

@@Braeden123698745, "Metals in *water* are *AWESOME!*"

[@TheRealJamesKirk]

It depends... I've gotten 10 +/- piece lots at auction for $80 or so. I have perhaps 30 pieces in my collection. Vaseline glass (uranium) is interesting; I have a 3 piece console set circa 1930 I have yet to list on eBay. Iridized glass uses metal salts coated on the base glass and fired. I have a large vase which shades from light green at the top through clear then to light pink at the bottom; the metals are in the glass. It's known as "Watermelon glass" and is fairly rare. Rubina is interesting as well.

[@acr_master5594]

man that opening music tricked me into thinking im watching an SCP-illustrated video. good stuff!

[@alexwang982]

ACR_master hahaha

[@armadillobits620]

This is awesome! I love the precise safety warnings before your videos. That’s something most science channels don’t do

[@Zenodilodon]

I love the color change of the glass under different lights, I have to pick up some for myself because it's just so cool! I did not know neodymium doped glass changed.

[@YuriChan-428]

5:17 I really like Erbium glass and Cobalt glass colors. Tungsten glass is also nice.

[@cybercapri]

Your videos are simply wonderful they're a joy to watch and I appreciate all the work you put into him

[@GeekIWG]

Light and its interactions with objects like this are always fascinating and very cool

[@thedondeluxe6941]

I'm a photographer and I just bought an old Pentax lens with thorium in the coating of the rear element. As a result of this it has taken on a yellow tint through the years, and it is also radioactive. Supposedly the tint can be reversed by leaving it in direct sunlight for a day or two. Fascinating stuff!

[@Zany4God]

In a way, it's like the light properties of a rare gemstone, the Alexandrite, which changes color when exposed to various forms of light. Thank you for your informative vlog.

[@brainiac75]

Yep, I think it's fantastic that nature can make gemstones with this property. Wish I could afford one :) Thanks for watching!

[@user-it5wu5iv1w]

Wasn't able to watch this immediately due to a phone call, but wow! Light really is such a cool thing! Also, the silver bead is easily my favourite! I love both the colour and the science needed for it to work!

[@archer9338]

I have always loved glass with gold and cobalt. They are beautiful.

[@-Kerstin]

I wouldn't mind seeing more videos exploring this. What I'd like to see most is if the metal concentration can be changed for more vivid colors and if you can mix different metals in the same piece of glass to get more shades?

[@GalleryOfChameleon]

I could really watch this 2 or 3 times and still not pick up on all the information contained... stunning production, beautiful stuff

[@nnelg8139]

THANK YOU. Not (just) for the video, but because I've been trying to find the name of that song (Lightless Dawn) for AGES.

[@roadsideprophet2012]

Thank you for the awesome content! I've been interested in using metals to color glass since I first learned about blood glass long ago

[@Sitarow]

I miss was a very enjoyable presentation. I like the multiple use at the same time well done.

[@Lunch_box]

I've seen the gold and silver fluming in glass weed pipes here in the states, that's why sometimes your pipe will change colors after alot of smoke and resin has built up in it... that's really neat tho thanks for sharing

[@escott1981]

This is my first time seeing a video on your channel. That was very interesting and very well done too! I liked how you lined up the splits of the two different spectrums so we can easily see the differences. Great work!!!

[@GotEmAll1337]

The quality of this video is absolutely top notch. How do you not have more followers? Oh yeah, the general public doesn't enjoy learning.

[@veronicafaber143]

I am an amateur lighting designer. I would love to use this in a production to show a change in time or a different location. I love the science behind it and that different light sources create different spectrums. I don't think enough people notice it in their everyday lives, but it is always there and it affects everything around them.

[@mayhemdiscordchaosohmy573]

Very well done I appreciate someone who can take the time to explain in layman's terms very simple to understand so the everyone can get in on the action thanks bro!

[@finnegannn]

The gold and the molybdenum are absolutely gorgeous. (I also love the iridium and the cobalt. I can’t pick one favorite lol)

[@NindeRingeril]

My mom has a glass statue on her living room that has been intriguing me for years. In the day it was blue, and purple at night. Now I know why. Thanks

[@spacenomad5484]

The video is stunningly well composed. Hats off!

[@brainiac75]

Thank you very much. I did spend an unusual amount of time on scripting this. I got carried away and recorded way too much - making it a challenge to tie it all together to a single story/video :)

[@spacenomad5484]

@@brainiac75 That was time well spent. I appreciate those videos, the difference to weekly scheduled content really is like night and day.

[@mannys9130]

I will never NOT want to see cool stuff. :) Every video from you is fascinating and I look forward to all of them!

[@Undergroundgrows]

Love your vids I've found everyone informational and interesting, your presentation is so on point too! Cheers!

[@brainiac75]

Thank you very much! I do put a lot of time and thoughts into these videos. Glad it shows :)

[@locouk]

No “U” glass? It’s one of the more common glasses to get hold of. (Vaseline) Uranium glass has to be my favourite when it comes to fluorescing under blacklight.

[@omniscientomnipresent5500]

No u

[@alexwang982]

No u

[@wordgeneratorrecyclemachine]

No u

[@lindaedvardsson4218]

Big thing in thrift shopping..😬.. yes , its very interesting.. the green glass is awesome..😌

[@bakuwinthro8926]

I have a few preferences: Out of the color changing ones I liked Holmium, and the static Gold, Chromium and Cobalt make such nice colors. Finally with the UV ones I enjoyed Terbium most. Since I flop around with the colors that I enjoy most I would say that I liked Holmium best.

[@jomiar309]

This was absolutely fascinating! I will totally be using this video to teach my kids about spectroscopy!

[@youtubegold1812]

Gold/Cobalt are my favorite metals in glass. And thanks for the great video

[@jesusgonzalez84]

Then you would no doubt like to have a "cranberry" vase or plate. Goggle cranberry glass..very collectable.

[@Muonium1]

The gold is particularly interesting. For its color is not due to simple electronic orbital transitions of individual metal atoms or ions, but rather arises from the presence of gold nanoparticles suspended in the glass which have very specific surface plasmon resonance states (delocalized electron oscillations that exist at the interface between the gold and glass) that absorb in the blue-green region. It is very very interesting.

[@geometrydash-krokoo-6503]

It's so beautiful. Where did you get those glass drops?

[@MrBromandudeamigo]

I'd be interested to know as well.

[@oscarchampion5842]

I want to buy a set

[@Xiaotian_Guan]

Most probably from smart-elements.com

[@Xiaotian_Guan]

They're not cheap though.

[@smartelements]

@@oscarchampion5842 You can get those at smart-elements.com/wp at a discounted price.

[@TheOriginalElkstone]

I love that intro graphic with the warnings so much

[@an0ana]

I learn more from your videos than I ever did in my chemistry class. Thank you for the awesome content!

[@bemusedindian8571]

I need a 30 min video on this. Thank you. This is fantastic stuff.

[@IstasPumaNevada]

When you turn on the UV light, we're suddenly in space in Kerbal Space Program. :D

[@ramilego]

Hahaha, I've noticed it too 😂

[@bescotdude9121]

Kerbal Space Program outer space background music activates above the altitude of 70000m in-game

[@johanntiu4162]

The Neodymium doped vase blocks yellow and green light. So only the complimentary colours are left behind, for yellow it's blue and for green it's magenta.

[@nitelast]

Always love seeing your videos! never seen one that wasnt informing and/or fun to watch

[@specialunit0428]

Hooray! My favourite scientist has uploaded!

[@brainiac75]

Thanks for the fast and enthusiastic view :-D

[@specialunit0428]

@@brainiac75 You are very welcome! Great content as always :)

[@Dukefazon]

I love your videos, they are so calming and I really dig your accent. Also, the way you say "awesome" is pretty cool :)

[@solahifuefos9301]

i really love the deep red of the gold glass, dang thats pretty

[@karhukivi]

Very nice display! You might have included Woods glass (9% Ni) developed during WW-2 which allows IR and UV to pass while blocking visible light. It used to be used on short-wave UV lamps to allow the SW UV from an un-coated mercury vapor lamp to pass.

[@Matheuskanal]

What a beautiful video

[@skeetsmcgrew3282]

Very cool and scientific explanation of absorbtion/emission. Now I really want some glasses made of those top elements

[@volvo09]

Those glass beads are beautiful

[@justDIY]

Wow, very cool effects from those metal doped glass beads. Thanks for the video!

[@kensmith5694]

Also, the index of refraction varies wildly with wavelength on each side of the absorption notch. This means that things can make some very nice sparkly rainbows.

[@ZeroMass]

Its interesting how both glass and metal share similar crystalline structures. I hope one day to drive a transparent metal car 😜

[@GemAppleTom]

I'm really not trying to be an arse... However... saying that glasses and metals have similar crystal structures makes material scientists twitch. Happy to explain what I'm on about if you're interested. That being said, "glassy metal" car bodies could potentially become a thing. They'd not be see through though (a pity).

[@MogR91]

@@GemAppleTom *Twitch* Thanks Tom, nicely brought. Very diplomatic. For the random wanderer who might end up here : try googling "Glass structure" and you'll understand :)

[@robbedoeslegrand236]

Transparent metal was already made centuries ago. It's called chickenwire. ;)

[@GemAppleTom]

Robbedoes LeGrand Touché, smarty pants :p

[@ZeroMass]

@@GemAppleTom haha I had a Brain fart. I meant non crystalline Amorphous metals have a glass-like structure. I'll take subjects I rarely think of for $200, Alex 🍺

[@a64738]

When I worked with enlarging photos we had a special daylight fluorescent tube that lit up half the room so we could use that to check that we had correct colors on the prints.

[@kassandrapiotrowski9650]

Really love the hue of the cobalt glass bead

[@TiagoCheregati]

Wonderful video, Brian!! I'm gonna see it several times just to enjoy it.

[@DragoNate]

That was pretty cool. Would definitely like to see more.

[@Damislego]

Amazing as always every video is worth the wait!

[@brainiac75]

Thank you very much, Damislego!

[@eatyourvegys]

That’s cool I work with glass and the CFL colors that are coming out are awesome. Some are even CFL and UV active

[@onomatopoeial]

That's how they have been making stained glass for centuries. That's how also paints work but they don't paint over glass, infuse into them. Great video

[@DracoOmnia]

Very interesting. I feel like if have to spend a lot of time "observing" the different colors under different lights through different glasses. It also occurred to me that there are a lot of yellow tinted so called "anti - fatigue" glasses for people who spend a lot of time indoors under fluorescent lighting, in front of comptuers or both with the purpose of filtering the blue light and it would probably be a cool video to test some of them with the spectroscope...

[@DIYTAO]

Many digital still/videocameras do record IR, which can be seen with simple IR-remote pointed to camera. Usually the cheaper ones don't have decent IR blockers, also many cameras used for security are purposefully designed to be sensitive to IR.

[@BigEvy]

I haven’t gotten to see the top row yet I’m laminated properly, but the cobalt is super pretty and deep, but the bismuth one is really cool too!

[@gavinn50]

What a lovely and well thought out video, thank you.

[@IAA015]

I thought I would see uranium glass. My favorite glass as its very fluorescing green, as we all imagine radioactive fuel

[@enuskolada6618]

Me too. I have a uranium glass vase. It was a thing in early 20thC Australia.

[@garymingy8671]

It was a thing ...your health now depends on the art decisions of some high guy ...

[@enuskolada6618]

@@garymingy8671 It's meant to be safe. I keep my toothbrush in it and haven't lost any teeth yet 😃

[@Bob3D2000]

@@enuskolada6618 Uranium isn't all that dangerous unless you ingest it or rub it into your eyes. Your epidermis is enough to shield you from the radiation emitted by a small lump of it, never mind the tiny amounts in a piece of glass, assuming the radiation can even escape the glass.

[@AL_O0]

This reminds me of an old watchband I had, it was yellow under the sun, but green when lit by fluorescent lamps

[@brainiac75]

Nice, and an unusual color combination. Any idea what brand it was? Would like to have one :)

[@AL_O0]

Brainiac75 it was an old vagary, it was quite cheap, anyways those plastic bands break every year or so, and they really hard to find, I doubt the model is still in production. I still have the watch, but after going through 3 bands I gave up and just kept the case, I don’t have it here, when I find it I'll give you the model (assuming I remember)

[@jacantu10]

I've only seen mathematically the emissions in the infrared spectrum. I would love, if you can, to see the emission using some kind of IR filter. Great videos! With your written permission, I would like to use them as educational material in my science classes.

[@walterbunn280]

I've been thinking of make a diy laser that uses metal oxides suspended in glass as the emitter. Basically I'm going make a capacitor out of the metal-glass plate, and then shine light through the capacitor at the absorption color of the metal. If the light gets more intense, I've amplified the light. I thought I'd put this out there because you already have the glass discs, which are hard-ish to get. As a side note, magnetic fields do have an effect on light passing through glass. They're effectively one way valves, with the efficiency greatly depending on the density of the media the light is passing through, as well as it ability to be polarized. Applied Science does a super dope video on it, but it's 2-3 years old now.

[@HayaJi]

Strangely mesmerising. Thank you. Very interesting ☺️

[@jjohn1234]

Awesome video! cool that copper and cobalt have their distinct colour

[@lajoswinkler]

Lovely video. Get a set of quartz cuvettes (they're usually not cheap but there are affordable Chinese ones on eBay) and play with aqueous solutions of metal ions and a spectrometer. :) And kudos for noting that fluorescence is not only from invisible to visible, but can happen in any other range near light.

[@Speedkomodo]

This is so awesome. I LOVE LIGHT! (and metals of course)

[@braydenhaines5456]

Can never forgive myself for not subbing earlier. Your content is amazing!

[@RonLaws]

All video cameras typically have a UV and IR Filter between the lens and the CMOS censor to better define the image because the censor is actually sensitive to these wavelengths. If you want to view those parts of the spectrum on a camera, simply get a cheap webcam or other camera that has a removable lenses and filters and manually remove the small filter on the back of the cheap lens or off the censor, or install a lens that doesn't have any filtering.

[@americanrebel413]

This is really cool, thank you for sharing this.

[@KEL5isGodrules]

The gold, nickel and cobalt ones are really pretty :)

[@sykoteddy]

If you would like to revisit experimentation with Fluorescent colors I would appreciate it. Maybe it is no mystery to you, but I have been fascinated by Fluorescent colors/light for some time. So much I decided to start paint with such colors. Believe me, it's a pain in the you know what. At least if you want it to react under both UV and the leds that also make Fluorescent colors fluores. In the long run it is pretty exhausting for your eyes. Also, since my infrared remote for my lamp no longer works, I can't make the lamp static with one color at a time. That makes it even more exhausting for the eyes. Sadly I can't tell you much about the lamp because I don't have the packing material anymore. I might however have the manual, but I'll look for it if you would be interested to know more. The lamp itself is drip shaped and only emits like on the bottom so it's made to be hung in the ceiling, and to not waste light spreading in other directions. The leds are mounted behind a translucent white plastic so you can't see the leds itself. But I did open it once to make it work again, since the internal battery had died. Thanks for interesting videos! Btw, are you by any chance Dutch from the beginning? I know you live in Denmark though. I got a hint of that when you made that flag of colors of the different liquids, but before that I had my hunch anyway because you sound pretty much like the KZbinr Posy, which is Dutch. www.youtube.com/@PosyMusic

[@Zuriel2089]

I would love to see more about fluorescence. I've been talking about it with my sons a lot recently since discovering that the wood from a tree at our home fluoresces green.

[@dootthedooter]

I love this channel so much.

[@brainiac75]

Glad you like my videos!

[@dootthedooter]

@@brainiac75 =D!

[@ephjaymusic]

This is wonderful!!!!💜💙💚💛🧡❤️

[@CoolAsFreya]

GoPros not properly recording violet color is a known issue/feature of the sensor used, good purple and violet reproduction depends on having a camera good at interpreting it

[@thelamb288]

Top quality work again and a very interesting subject matter ;) Cheers.

[@purpleghost106]

I have a "crystal ball" (obvs just a beautiful ball of glass) that changes like your vase, and now I know why! :D

[@AnthonyMEMU]

The GoPro likely has a UV filter, fyi. A lot of people remove them from digital cameras to take UV photos- it makes trees white!

[@tiagotiagot]

Isn't that an IR filter actually?

[@JasonKerlin]

Your videos are always inquisitive and interesting. Of the highest quality. Thank you for your efforts to produce such excellent content!

[@jonathanblanchette6193]

The roman artisan who designed the Lycurgus cup 1700 years ago knew that adding gold and silver to glass would make it dichroic. The glass cup looks green but when light is shone through it becomes red. I'm pretty sure he would've loved your video!

[@autumnbeauty1095]

I enjoy braniac videos

[@fakered_head]

Unfortunately when we were supposed to use spectroscopes in my intro chem lab, that was when we still had heavy pandemic mandates, so I never got to see how it worked. That was really cool!! Thanks for sharing this 😁😁

[@questioneverything4491]

A cheap spectrometer to use, that often is easily available, and cheap, is a CD. I have used one to check the spectrum of various light sources.

[@Davesoft]

Wow, nice demo of how yellow can be both 'real yellow' and also just red and green blended together.

[@antreaskonstantinou8585]

I thought the video would be nice but as soon as i heard your voice i confirmed that it was brainiac and was more than happy

[@peet4444]

Show us the ir emissions!! This vid was pretty interesting

[@Barkingstingray]

been watching these videos since highschool and im about to graduate university. Always amazing and informative, keep it up

[@binarywizard69420]

My man leave names of music that he uses True RESPECT 🤝

[@JustinMF11]

Very enjoyable video as always.

[@beverlycrusher9713]

i some times noticed a glow on my old tube monitor even after I turned it off, the same thing about a compact florescent bulb even after I turn off the power, I notice a faint glow that will last for a few minutes.

[@segtendoppcc4254]

I love how his logo has all the saftey warnings in it

[@CJWarlock]

Nicely done. Cool video. I like lights and optics. Cheers!