Microfluidics and 3D Printing: Precision at a New Scale

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How do microfluidic principles enhance real-time material mixing during 3D printing to achieve gradient compositions? What challenges arise in maintaining the stability of nanoparticles or biological cells in microfluidic-enabled 3D printing systems? How does the integration of microfluidics into additive manufacturing overcome the limitations of traditional planar microfabrication methods?