MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES : The ELISA test. Medical treatment, diagnosis and ethics for A-level Biology

[@inshaaax]

I have tried SO many videos on this and yours is the only one which hits the nail on the head, approaching EVERY spec point in a really clear, concise, step-by-step way. Thank you so much!

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Thank you 😊 I always try and keep it to the point and close to the specification

[@zanirapatel2807]

Love your videos. Extremely helpful.This is one of the best resources to use as a student who studies A-level biology. Will definitely be recommending your channel!

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Thank you so much : D So glad you find the videos helpful.

[@umanganzai]

Brilliant piece of hardwork ❤.. thanks 🙏

[@MissEstruchBiology]

So nice of you

[@khobaibibnnasir1131]

You are such an asset for my biology

[@MissEstruchBiology]

ahhh thank you! So glad it's helping

[@jessicasteinberg665]

Thank you for these videos they’re so helpful. I was just wondering how do incorrect pregnancy tests happen then?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

You can get a false negative if the level of the hormone in your urine is not at a high enough concentration yet, and therefore not enough hormone to bind to cause a visible colour change. This is why most pregnancy tests state you should take them 4 weeks after your last period at the earliest, as any earlier you could get a false negative.

[@yasminmohamed2674]

Do we also have to say “wash” between steps 5. And 6. Because then what if there is unbound antibody and you get a false negative. 11:11

[@sumayaosman4159]

Thank you so much, you're so helpful and concise in your explanations :)

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Thank you! You're welcome 😊

[@elliesmith7518]

Thank you! Binge watching your videos for my Monday mock aha

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Good luck!!!!

[@zeacus84]

I think in this indirect elisa test we measure Ab of the patient.. The antigen is already within the kit in the well as well coated with antigen, then we add the patient serum that contains antibody to be measured.

[@form.of.dhikr2]

Thanks for the great video Miss.

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Glad it was helpful!

[@kiran4078]

hi miss, after step 6, would you wash again to remove unbound 2nd antibodies so that the substrate only binds if the antigen is present, preventing a false positive?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

hey yes you would

[@UmairZafar-wh9gu]

Do we need to know in detail how the pregnancy test process works

[@maheentahseen9039]

Super helpful! ⭐️

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Really glad it helped you 😀

[@Lovejoy565]

Thanks, should i write using these phrases in the exam such as immobile for the antibody

[@darrenpattison7674]

Hi Miss, would the Indirect (Targeted Therapy) approach also work in the same way as the Direct one. It has the cytotoxic drug attached, but it is still binding to the complementary site, and as such would also stop other chemicals from binding instead?

[@Wasteman365]

Do you not have to rinse after the second antibody is added? If not, you'll definitely get a positive result

[@shazmeertv44]

Damn the pre-chatgpt era , i had the same question but i got the answer without having to wait 2 years. Get good i guess

[@Wasteman365]

@@shazmeertv44 Hahaha I already knew, wanted to try and correct the video without being rude... hope your exams go well

[@Dan-vw3tb]

Only question I have is for indirect Elisa why can’t the first antibody have the enzyme attached, I believed that indirect was testing for human antibody with known antigens in the well initially which makes sense to why there was a second Antibody, thanks

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Great question! The indirect ELISA method has higher sensitivity than the direct method (meaning it will detect even at lower concentrations). This is because more than one labeled secondary antibody can bind the primary antibody; it is more cheaper than the direct ELISA as fewer labeled antibodies are needed.

[@Dan-vw3tb]

@@MissEstruchBiology thank you very much I now see why 👍

[@sirhcf8133]

Is the production of antibodies still not in the specification for 2024, or do I have to learn it?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Everything could be assessed this year for English exam boards

[@teiganbrewster4504]

Other than the obvious ethical problem, which would be that animals have to die, how would you go about answering a question on ethics of ELISA testing?

[@asil213]

Just one question to make sure I got this right, Is the example of Elisa test that you explained direct Elisa? What about the indirect Elisa, is the method different? Thank you so much for your videos they are always so helpful to understand anything I’m struggling with!!

[@ImranAwan-n9s]

WOuld you not wash again to remove any excess of the second antibody, because otherwise, would the solution not still change colour?

[@sophie-jl4db]

is the elisa test at 9:50 indirect?

[@shazmeertv44]

Absolutely correct. God bless the dinosaur that died to make the fossil fuel that was treated to become petrol for the car that took your mum to the hospital to give birth to you in order to make this scientific discovery

[@Hajrakhan-x5l]

do we need to know the use of antibodies in a pregnancy test?

[@haleemahaj]

Hi I’m slightly confused is the first Elisa test slide for indirect and the second slide for direct Elisa tests please ?

[@InstaQuips]

Omgggg I wuv u ❤

[@amnaamin6390]

please teach at my school 😩😩

[@MissEstruchBiology]

awww so pleased you like my teaching style

[@elliesmith7518]

Does that mean a ton of mice died for out covid tests?

[@MissEstruchBiology]

Not sure what production method they would have used.

[@bunsterbunny8]

👍👍👍

[@MissEstruchBiology]

thank you 😊