Capacitors And Resistors -A Parts Substitution Guide!

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

To learn electronics in a very different and effective way, and gain access to Mr Carlson's personal designs and inventions, visit the Mr Carlson's Lab Patreon page here: www.patreon.com/MrCarlsonsLab

[@buildstoys]

Thanks Paul, you've been rolling out the videos lately -- it is much appreciated by many!

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

My pleasure!

[@hullinstruments]

Dang right

[@sramz100]

Some 30 years ago I spent 10 years as a bench tech at a TV shop. I repaired an average of 400 sets a year, along with countless home stereos, VCRs, Cd Players and did Sony warranty repairs on all their products. I am completely humbled by Mr Carlson. Thank you so much for sharing, I love the the videos!

[@thefloop2813]

Ive been fixing friends more analog based electronics for years as a nerdy forum junky good at soldering that can read a schematic. Recently got into playing with and testing my own tube preamp designs.. Mr. Carlson has me sitting down, taking notes, and putting on my student cap 100% I will be a patreon contributor very soon. It's nice to be reminded in such a friendly and educational manner how little i really know about what ive been doing lol.

[@StagnantMizu]

this is content what the internet is made for not what it is now

[@jamesdubois4425]

Your videos are like free college, but without the passed out drunk roomate with the Che Guavera poster. Thank you for all of the great content.

[@philipslighting8240]

I could not resist your capacity to make such good videos. Thank you.

[@garymallard4699]

😆

[@mbwatson1000]

Ah! Yes! But, is your capacity rated sufficient to resist the high tension when you are waiting on standby for the next video? Remember what Paul said about how high the B+ can go on standby. He he

[@sascandave]

We should inducter Paul in you TUBE hall of fame!

[@philipslighting8240]

@@mbwatson1000 The joke has already been told..... 😁😁😁

[@janicehopkins4432]

I could not resist your capacity to generate such transforming videos with great frequency.😉

[@kilroy79763]

"the king" of you are "all about electronics" - thank you

[@Stevie_D]

EXCELLENT information - replacement selection for obsolete components can be tricky, but your specific explanation of why you chose that particular part for your current project followed up with a generic discussion of why (and how) the choice might be different for another project is interesting and extremely helpful. More "off the beaten path" discussions like this, please!!!

[@richardbrobeck2384]

speciality IC Chips are some the thughest to replace !

[@valakatz3967]

Thank you Mr Carlson for another informative video, I always enjoy your videos.

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

You are very welcome

[@richardgoebel226]

Still more gems of restoration information that can only come from hard won experience and a solid understanding of electronics.

[@hestheMaster]

I learn something new everyday. Usually from your channel Paul. Steve

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

Thanks for your kind feedback Steve!

[@briangoldberg4439]

This is very informative. I think a similar video on choosing transistors would be super helpful. It's often difficult to determine which transistor parameters are important in a given circuit, and which could be better improved.

[@hullinstruments]

Agreed And if you haven't seen "xraytonyb" and his video series on transistor substitution.... I highly recommend it.

[@stevenemert837]

Yes! I'd love to see that too. But also, with all the "counterfeit" capacitors and other components out there, how about identifying the good sources and brands? I use Digi-Key, but are there other good suppliers? And as far as brands... I had to make sure the video was in 1080p HD (the best this Chromebook can do) and make it full screen and stop it to look at those poly capacitors around 6:00. I'd never before heard of that one with the stylized S logo labeled PPE-MKP-FC, made in France. Where does one source them?

[@thomashowe855]

+1

[@scuzpwns3934]

Most of this stuff is above my head but I still really enjoy your videos.

[@randypullman1155]

Another fabulous video MCL! I must chime i can’t hardly wait until this channel steps up to Akli reel to reel and pioneer 1980 receivers

[@mikemorgan5394]

it's very therapeutic watching your videos. I'm not even an Electonics geek, more of a board swapper than anything. but I love your channel.

[@jameskrivitsky9715]

Thanks Paul,..... the finer details that can be overlooked ....to frustration for a novice / hobbyist. It will all blend together as we learn from each other.

[@opsprey3]

I have really been enjoying your videos and happy to be one of your patrons. I've been doing electronics since I was 12 and am now 58. I was licensed as a ham when tube electronics was transitioning to transistors. I learn something I didn't know every time I watch your videos. I hope to someday to restore a Hellicrafters SX-25 which was my first station receiver. The huge speaker could wake the dead. My mother was very patient. Keep the videos coming and thanks so much for sharing you knowledge.

[@BrianPepperdine]

Well, in about the first 7 minutes Mr Carlson proves his absolute worth to the teaching. Almost always everything he does is Gold. As I have a CR91 waiting for me to tackle it (AKA heavy beast) I am watching this receiver series with great interest indeed.

[@terrym1065]

Mr C., Thanks for the continuing education, much appreciated. Knowing which kind, what value and where in circuit substitutions are appropriate is so important as discussed here. Great video, see you soon. 👍👍

[@jaredkusner1137]

Thanks so much! I was going to write to you on Patreon and ask about some of these things. I purchased a note book to follow along so I can review later and get things rite when I start working on older things. This is the down to earth how to I needed to know. Thanks again.

[@glloyd1987]

You are fascinating to me Sir! Best wishes from Pensacola, FL

[@tenminutetokyo2643]

That is one insane bench!

[@DeadKoby]

I had some wise comments about my experiences........but as soon as I started typing it, you started talking about it. LOL. Very thorough.

[@McTroyd]

Love the cadence you've been keeping with these videos. Glad all the work redesigning the lab seems to be paying off. Keep that Keurig chugging! 👍

[@angrydove4067]

Wow, a Mr. Carlson video blows by so fast, regardless of the length, so much invaluable information. Thanks, Paul.

[@raymitchell9736]

Very interesting discussion... I think a good discussion is how come the electronics in these old radios look different than our modern equipment. All the components are point to point and floating in the air whereas we have PCB's and things look a lot more organized and cleaner. I know there's a good reason for it and I feel that the answer will lead to an interesting discussion... I should add that the topics I hear on this channel are always surprising and interesting to me, I have an AA degree in electronics, but we didn't cover tubes, except one class and we did one or two labs with them, and it was the last time they were teaching the class with tubes... that was back in 1983 or 1984... so electronics classes at my college are probably not going to feature tubes and all this old-tech... that I find fascinating like a history lesson in practical form as you restore these radios. And "B+" much respect for the high voltages, YIKES!!!

[@coldfinger459sub0]

It never fails, no matter how many of your videos over how many years I watch every day I learned something new.

[@johnbellas490]

Thanks Paul for the very informative points about capacitors and resistors in inductive resonant circuits and bypass applications!! you are a true wealth of knowledge in the electronic realm of science!!! Many thanks go to you in sharing that knowledge!!! John A Bellas KC2UVN 73's

[@jamesgauthier6550]

Love watching your videos Paul, lots to be learned from your information, repairing old tube equipment myself I learned lots , your a great Mentor your friend Jim Gauthier KD8FHC

[@iamhe999]

I love listening and watching while you sharpen my pencil.....

[@greengrayradio1394]

Good choice with replacing components! I have noticed that in US made radio equipment from WWII and tube equipment made later almost never electrolytic caps were used. Probably because they were not considered reliable enough in storage. Instead, relatively small-value paper-in-oil caps (4-10 uF). Most of the smoothing was done with multi section filters with these and one or two big filter reactors. Sometimes the coils were even tuned to the ripple frequency

[@DK640OBrianYT]

Your advice and knowledge on the component level is much appreciated. I don't think there's anybody around who's talking with this much competence. I've learned truckloads from following you over the years. Cheers mate

[@Jambivids]

Oh boy, it's going to be a great Friday night ! 🍿 📽 Thanks for the vid !

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

You bet!

[@xConundrumx]

Man oh man oh man thanks Mr. Carlson. Been waiting for this one quite a while.

[@robertcalkjr.8325]

Another great lesson! Thanks, Paul.

[@Greg-et2dp]

Mr Carlsons lab you are good at restoring vintage shortwave receivers with ssb and alignment of vintage shortwave receivers

[@fonephreak02]

This is super helpful, as I've got a Collins 51J-4 and a Central Electronics 100V transmitter to work on.

[@DL5LC]

Thanks a lot for sharing your knowledge and the time that you spend on it!

[@ComputerHistoryArchivesProject]

Brilliant component work! Impressive and educational! Thank you! ~

[@acestudioscouk-Ace-G0ACE]

More good information from you, thanks! It's good to know why you substitute with certain types of components.

[@Go4Corvette]

Once again a very informative video. Thank you, Mr. Carlson

[@WayneKnight_Rider]

an invaluable video to a serious hobbyist.

[@MrSquaresville]

I'd very much like to see you cover the candohm resistors. These continue to be a source of mystery and befuddlement for the junior tech. Also, a comprehensive stab at selenium diodes would also be a hugely beneficial topic. Thank you.

[@kellyblack4897]

This helps me a lot! Going in the favorites!

[@Go4Corvette]

Looking forward to seeing the next video.

[@emberpoptartkittenz6040]

Thank you for showing me this!

[@GIBKEL]

Oh…I’ve been waiting for just this! I’m at the level of cooking out of a can but I aspire to be a chef.

[@nathkrupa3463]

Nice information Mr Carlson sir I appreciate your hard work sir good video thanks for the sharing Nice information sir 👍❤.

[@hiteck007]

I'm glad you made this video, it's really good info

[@justinpedalpusher]

Thank you very much for this perfect explanation!

[@leonardpeters3266]

Really liked the conversation about keeping carbon resistors carbon and oscillator capacitor choice. Electronic component materials are often chosen for very specific reasons. It is very hard to go over every scenario with respect to materials and circuit applications, but you took a very good stab at it. At University it is usually a 1/2 year course. Good for you breaking it down.

[@zappatx]

I was your 2nd Like this morning!! This video came at the right moment just as I was putting together a mouser order for caps and such, and for your course online .. Yes - Love your new training course in the patreon! So now I can better understand and follow this book I bought years ago Experimental Methods in RF Design - from ARRL which is now out of print.

[@patricksilvestri2276]

Best channel on the web

[@scottmorgan5370]

EXCELLENT video. Great content that all of us are in great need of. Video work is excellent as usual. Thank you for this work you do to help us "Tyro Novices" learn learn learn... greatly appreciated. God Bless...

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

My pleasure!

[@blugoose86]

Thanks Mr. C Eye opening information.

[@3dcircuitry]

Great video! It was all very well explained!

[@rl2109]

Very informational; thanks for posting!

[@PatrickInCayman]

Thanks Paul, I always learn a lot!

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

My pleasure!

[@petariovchev1477]

Wow nice lab upgrade man! As always, informative and useful video! Keep up the good work, 10/10 :)

[@Turbo-Drew]

Awesome as Always. Thank you so much...Very Helpful for me.

[@PeteBasel]

Wanted to ask, why poly film caps for bypass and not a modern ceramic cap? I've not looked at cap impedance vs. frequency for either but I thought that ceramics were quite good. Edit: Just got to the point where you say ceramic caps that would also work fine.

[@douzeTS]

Great video Paul, thanks a lot!

[@brucejenner4800]

Yes , many thanks Mr Carlson, as ever, another interesting video.

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

You are very welcome!

[@RC-Flight]

Thanks for the great video! Are you changing the mica caps, just for performance reasons? I understand that it’s necessary to change out electrolytic cap, in case they are dry.

[@edic2619]

Great video. Thanks for sharing.

[@Greg-et2dp]

Mr Carlsons lab your utube videos are awesome 👌 👏 👍

[@zopilotesky3014]

Very informative! Thanks for sharing and keep them coming.

[@DVINTHEHOUSEMAN]

Thanks Paul for this video. I found an old Robyn CB radio out in my garage and it has a lot of oil filled capacitors under the chassis. The radio works just fine and it's not really showing any obvious signs of failure, but I would like to at least replace the components before they fail.

[@gianlucarossi4467]

Bravo Paul trovo i tuoi video molto molto interessanti👍

[@RocRizzo]

Thanks Paul, always very helpful videos.

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

My pleasure!

[@W1RMD]

I really enjoyed this video! Someday I would like to see you do a video on voltage multipliers in power supply circuits. Particularly in high current use such as the Heathkit HP-23 power supply. I can't find any good solid information on the values of capacitors in microfarads verses the current required for the supply. I know that esr is important in this application, but the size of the capacitor in capacitance also matters. I've always just gone big in the supplies I've built, but what do you REALLY need outside of keeping ripple down? Thanks for all of your videos! I learned SO much over the past 3 years!

[@denisdespins1127]

Good on this one Mr C. I relaxed

[@sosayweall1952]

I once had to replace a set of if transformers on my bc-611f. These are notorious for the wire breaking off in the center of the coil. Fortunately one side of the transformer was still ok and i could get an inductance reading. Any 455khz transformer would have done but i found one that was an almost exact match, all i had to do is toss a mica cap across the primarily and secondary to get the LC to 455 and I hot glued it into the old caseing. I now use it at the Xenia hamvention every year and it works great.

[@Steve-GM0HUU]

👍Thank you for another excellent video. The only thing I was curious about was the advice, if replacing a carbon resistor, to stick with carbon. Assuming they can handle the power, I tended to think metal film was usually better in RF circuits (less noise than carbon and more stable). Is there any special reasons for not replacing carbon with metal film please? Is it maybe that carbon is better at dissipating transient heat?

[@mikefinn2101]

Paul your amazing great explainations the best so far I have ever seen glad you take the time to share you knowledge Love your videos keep it up 73s wb7qxu

[@DetroitWrecker666]

Wow! Great information! Thank you!

[@glenmartin2437]

Thank you. That was helpful.

[@adrielrowley]

17:30 I could not find the video referenced, though aware the helical cut causes induction. What I never could find or get an answer on is if this affects the signal through the resistor and/or surrounding signal(s). You and others have warned about resistor selection in RF circuits, however, carbon composition resistors are no longer being manufactured and becoming difficult to obtain. So then does that mean at that time radios will be no longer repairable? Or am I over thinking replacing out of value resistors in this 1964 German radio? Thanks in advance, Adriel

[@JCWise-sf9ww]

The Polypropylene Capacitors not only have a higher voltage rating, but also a much lower ESR than electrolytics. I just tested a new 2.2uf 630v polypropylene cap and it was reading "0" ohm ESR, then tested a few new 4.7uf 450v electrolytics and they tested about "7" ohms ESR, according to the ESR Capacitor Wizard tester I have.

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

You are correct!

[@STR82DVD]

Brilliant! Thanks huge for sharing young lad.

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

My pleasure!

[@Pawelr98]

I was just using two 450V electrolytics in series on the supply lines. 600VDC with cold tubes in my DIY amp, roughly 400VDC under load. In another project I just did delayed HV to solve the problem of some tubes arcing (a very "interesting" circuit) when cold.

[@Greg-et2dp]

Mr Carlsons lab your RCA shortwave receiver with ssb is cool

[@BrendaEM]

Those eye-bolt studs they use under the chassis, where can they be bought? I cannot find them by searching, and well, they look handy.

[@randyr.parker2698]

Paul, I really got some good info on this video! I didn't realize that it was that important to use carbon comp resistors where required. To me a resistor is just a resistor. I can only dream of having your knowledge of this old equipment. To me the modern day electronics is much easier to repair, just because most of it is just 'power rails' feeding IC's, where as this old equipment you HAVE to know your stuff! Thanks again for the informative video! Guess I may be too old to learn it all at 63 yrs before my time is up, too much to learn! 🤦‍♂ But I'm having fun watching your videos, I AM learning! 😉

[@qzorn4440]

even the cool cheap Chinese hobby oscilloscopes can capture B+ spikes. I love trouble shooting with the O-scope. 😎 Thanks Mr. Carlson for the great info.

[@frankwilson2607]

Tanks Paul! It would be great to have a substitution guide on thermistors... I'm puzzling over a 35 year-old solid state circuit with some that seem to have no modern equivalent - I don't know what the characteristics are, and can't find anything on the web. Have thermistors been replaced by more modern circuit designs?

[@ralphj4012]

Very informative. Presumably, you could have also fitted two electrolytics (say 10uF, 350V) in series (with balancing resistors)? I agree that the two poloymers are better and will outlast any electrolytic, I was thinking of what general technicians may have available to use (sacrilege for such a transceiver, I know)

[@dl7majstefan753]

Very informative! Thanks. Just a remark: When replacing blocking or bypassung caps for HF application, the internal inductivity of the caps should be considered, bacause they are wound. Higher capacity means in general also higher inductivity and therefore problems at HF. I don´t know whether mica caps are better/worse in this respect than foil caps.

[@richardshort4587]

What do you recommend for a purchase of multiple component kits. I see lots but don’t know if I’m buying items that will never be used. I see for example 100 resistors on a roll all of the same value. How many different resistor values does a person need without ending up with rolls of components that will just sit and take up space. Same for capacitors. You can get plastic trays full of them but are they all necessary and are they to small to big etc etc. Same for transistors, op amps, chipsets. What a minefield to navigate.

[@scottgordon1721]

Mr.Carlson noticing the voltage spike bring to mind a debate among audiophiles regarding this issue: Should you leave your hifi stereo system on(amp and preamp) all the time or turn it off on a daily bases after you are done listening. What recommendation or insight you can given would be appreciated.

[@Zonfeair]

Great explanation. Could you do a video on selecting replacement Transistors and replacing transistors that are no longer available. I currently am working on a Pioneer SX-939 and found I need to replace almost all of the transistors and several are no longer made. I called Digi-Key and they suggested a replacement but I am concerned that what they sent me does not have a metal heat sink as the original does. Being plastic and not knowing if those are the right transistors I am at a loss. I have no clue how to select a proper replacement and have to trust others to make that decision.

[@andygozzo72]

strange all are bad, or are they germanium types, they do go bad far more than silicon ones?

[@ariedekker7350]

It was extensive again and a lot of background information. There for my thanks.

[@jamesmdeluca]

Greetings: Choke input filters should allow lower voltage ratings I think. Would either eliminating the first capacitor or moving it to the output of the reactor work well? How about using a CL90? Would you accept adding a small load to the transmit position to make 450v caps acceptable?

[@itsonlyme9938]

Interesting comments on the caps in the screen decoupling caps in the RF preamp's tempted to change them for .01uf. It got me thinking the smoothing caps which are 4uf and wondering if RCA would have used a larger value and did not because they ran out of space inside the large can ??. or would it upset the reactance of the smoothing chokes ??.

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

Adding more capacitance will increase the B+ due to the reactors. In a case like this, it's better to stick to similar values.

[@thefloop2813]

When i think about situations like certain parts of Ukraine, i think about how people like Mr Carlson are already likely saving lives by proxy. one of the first things id be doing in an invasion scenario is scavenging basic components i could use to make radios. Transistors, capacitors, mosfets, vacuum tubes, transformers. anything i could get my hands on in the name of keeping information flowing and souls soothed by music. The world geopolitical situations, and my unwillingness to pull wool over my own eyes with the domestic political situation, makes me feel as if developing skills like these, are very wise.

[@Tysman909]

I have a question that need your knowledge on. I own a vintage tube amplifier made in 50's lots of the carbon resistors have drifted to high so replaced them with wire wound and metal film. Now it improved the channels they have even power, before 1 side was weaker. The thing i need to know is by swapping them did i lose that warm sound?

[@Fraud59-v5r]

ഹായ് സർ പുതിയ subcriber ആണ് 👍👍

[@MrCarlsonsLab]

Welcome aboard!

[@yoyoo50]

So I could get away with swapping the bathtubs caps with ceramic discs instead of the more expensive Polys ? What are the downsides of that ? Thanks for the great content, it is so rare to find good info on tube electronics today !

[@andersokl]

Hi Paul I have been watching for many years thanks. Not sure how to contact you so since this post is about parts, I have a question on a Radiola 46. The Tub for the tuner section has the pot metal issue with a 1/8 inch warped that puts everything out of alignment. Is it possible to build up a new tub out of sheet metal?

[@jerrypeal653]

I’ve been waiting for this .