Multitenancy in Laravel: Migrations, Testing, and switching tenants

[@bernardonigbinde]

Thank you so much! This is the most important Laravel video I’ve ever watched.

[@juhavehnia7862]

Great video! There aren't too many great videos about multi-tenancy and how to build one from scratch. I would love to see part two that looks at making rest of the Laravel tenant specific like you mention the console commands.

[@narayanramchandani106]

You Sir, are a gentleman and a scholar - thank you for posting this very helpful video!

[@themsaid]

You are very welcome :)

[@OsamaQarem]

I don't do backend or even PHP, I just enjoy learning from your videos

[@themsaid]

Glad you do :)

[@TareqHasan]

Thank you Said for talking about Multinenancy. Would love more videos from you on scaling Laravel.

[@themsaid]

Glad you liked it :) I'm sure I'll cover that at some point.

[@landiman]

@@themsaid Please! Don't know how to thank you for this. Vapor is a solution for scalling only if tenancy is easy to achive, right?. Can't do it with the current docs...

[@kedotdev]

I had some difficulties running the worker. In config/queue.php I found 'database' => [ 'driver' => 'database', 'table' => 'jobs', 'queue' => 'default', 'retry_after' => 90, ], and added: 'connection' => 'landlord', Now everything is going into a central queue instead of independent tenant queues, and I can process all items in the queue via `php artisan queue:work --tries=1` -- besides that, everything was really straight forward to port over. Thanks again!

[@konstantinkrumov8726]

Amazing video 🙌🏻🙌🏻🙌🏻. Thank you so much !!! Really clear and useful. There is so much to learn from here. All the different functions and config structures. Very well explained and demoed 🙏🏻🙏🏻🙏🏻

[@NathanBudd]

Wow! This is the best explaination I've seen of this! The scenario I've come accross is that all users login at the same url, with the users table in the Landlord database. The user can only belong to one tenant, and so has a tenant_id on the user.

[@themsaid]

Interesting! So the users table is in Landlord connection but each tenant on a separate database?

[@andjsch]

If the login uses emails, the domain could be retrieved from that one as well.

[@NathanBudd]

Mohamed Said yes. They don't have different domains or subdomains.

[@alemran7480]

Thank you so much for the video. So useful for me. I am developing a SAAS application.

[@ryangjchandler]

Great video Mohamed! All very well put, it will definitely help to ease the overcomplicated approaches that people are using.

[@themsaid]

Glad you found it useful :)

[@kyjan]

One approach I took is to use table prefixes for tenants. This saved me some provisioning work when it comes to creating new databases while onboarding a new tenant.

[@themsaid]

That's an interesting approach. It's not common though no sure why :)

[@rodolfo-w3]

Thank you so much for your video, I needed to learn about this, I really appreciate your dedication. Hug from Brazil

[@kevinbatdorf]

Great video. Great explanation. And very complete. Thanks for including the testing too.

[@themsaid]

Glad you think so :)

[@andreaverrecchia3907]

How i set dynamically configuration for every tenant?

[@manishpanchal8185]

Hello Sir! Thank you so much! It's too easy to convert an existing app with this. But how can we manage it in a single domain? I don't want to add domains like you explain.

[@jainsiddharth21]

Hi, Great tutorial. I've used Tenancy with Multi Tenant & single DB. I need a functionality to ghost login my admin as a tenant user. Could you help me out with that please, if possible.

[@luiscanx]

Esto es ORO PURO!

[@305020158]

Each customer requires different customisation to the application, we can ofcourse provide shared db and compute, but , how do i have different application versions for different customers.? Eg : one customer wants normal calculator, one customer wants, scientific calculator, one more customer wants a music player while performing calculations, and one more customer wants voice based calculator

[@nguyenvuuc3758]

you saved my life! thanks a lot for this tutorial

[@SouravTah]

How do you add not equal to sign in 7:43 of this video?

[@sirius8ly]

!=

[@krishangopal2338]

can you please point me to show we will be running scheduled jobs on all tenants?

[@salmankashfy]

Thank you so much bro. You saved a life.

[@alexios4392]

Can you check in code which tenant is used currently? For custom logic for each tenant?

[@amolcharpe7302]

I want to create a multitenant application where a new Database should be created when a user is registered, can you please share more details in the repository.

[@amolcharpe7302]

Can you or someone please share more info on how to setup and run the application you have shared on github?

[@taslimsuman]

Going over the head, need to watch again and again

[@ajit080260]

Thanks a lot for sharing this right on time :) this answer lots of queries and gives better clarity on implementation. I would love to see more of such videos. Wish audio was bit smooth !

[@ghulammujtaba3191]

Great video. Can we run it on localhost server? If can then how to run it?

[@eoina]

Excellent video! So informative!

[@themsaid]

Glad you found it useful :)

[@krishangopal2338]

No doubt it solves the problem but it leaves me to think about how it will run scheduled jobs in all tenants?

[@pasanmilinda3132]

How to declare tenant api routes?can you give me a example please

[@ahmedhdeawy]

Very thanks, I learning from your videos a lot

[@themsaid]

Glad you are :)

[@Ramikelesli]

if I have complete project done and I want use multi tenancy using subdomain to switch db what the best approach

[@guillzf]

would be great if you make a complete course laravel - tenant from scratch Thank you

[@MrEduarguzher]

Awesome!! Very nice approach

[@kedotdev]

@Mohamed, You mentioned you prefer a tenant structure as tablename_tenantKey rather than an individual database for each tenant. Can we discuss why? I've been learning towards migrating my tenants into their own database, but I'm not sure if I'm ready to make the jump yet. I'll need to figure out a new solution on database backups, etc. I'm also feeling like Postgres will be easier to scale as compared to MYSQL. Digital Ocean has much more support for Postgres in regards to real-time backups, failover, etc. What do you think? Where can we go from here? I'd love some more content! Thank you.

[@themsaid]

I wrote more on single vs. multi database approaches here divinglaravel.com/multi-tenancy-in-laravel Check it out and let me know if that answers some of your questions

[@jonashansen2512]

Thanks for keeping things simple :)

[@SethSetiadha]

Hi, do you have tips how to maintain for multiple laravel projets that share the base codes but each project has some little customizations, so that when someone update the base codes the other projects will get this updates too?

[@pratikpawar05]

Hi, did you get the solution for this?

[@khageshoffice2081]

Thanks for sharing your effort. I have followed your instruction even tried your repository but I am getting 404 error on homepage when I run php artisan serve. Please anyone help. Thank you

[@queopiusa.santos8262]

Excellent video 👋🏽, I would like to know how to create the multi database with docker (sail). Thanks for the dedication!

[@matejsvajger7585]

Thanks Said! Great video! It's hard to find information on setting up multi database tenancy with laravel. This was a welcome adddition. I'm still missing what to do with Redis and Filesystem in that case. Is there a simple way for prefixing those without extending the existing laravel drivers?

[@BenClaar]

For Redis, we just edit `/config/database.php`, and set the `database.redis.default.database` config option to a dynamic `$tenantRedisDb` variable. This separates each tenant's redis database. For the filesystem, the easiest method is to either use a separate folder or S3 bucket per tenant (setup in /config/filesystems.php), or have a subfolder-per-tenant that you consistently use.

[@matejsvajger7585]

@@BenClaar Yes, that's clear to use subfolders, but how to prefix them automatically, so you don't need to worry about it in the codebase, for when for example you're resolving the filesystem from the container? For redis, I meant when using it as a Cache driver, wouldn't info bleed through to other tenants without some additional prefix? Sorry for not beeing clear.

[@vic_casanas]

wow, great video man! thanks you explained vey well

[@themsaid]

Glad it helped!

[@kennedymwenda3357]

Seems we think alike,used almost the same approach but tenant manager is a separate project since it includes the product website. I Use middleware to switch tenants.

[@themsaid]

Putting the admin in a separate app is a common approach yes.

[@mortezarajabi9676]

Thanks Mohamed, I did it before, but not as clean as you. How can we have horizon on multi-database approach? To see which job is for which tenant?

[@themsaid]

You can add a tag to jobs that contains the tenant ID so you can figure which tenant a job belongs to.

[@themsaid]

Or you can see that in the job payload if you add it to the payload like in the video.

[@projectbased]

Hi Muhammad, Thanks for putting this together. Nice Work. I have question from the forum. I never developed Saas with multi tenancy before. Should we start this setup from the start of a project or after making our full application for single tenant the we can add these pieces to make it Multitenant? I have an application for one School for example can i turn it now to Multi Schools with unique subdomain?

[@ahmedkandil505]

Very helpful Waiting for more videos 💓

[@ahmadmayahi]

Salam Mohammad, Changing the database connection using the `config` helper works like a charm, so, I'm wondering what is the purpose of using "DB::reconnect" and "Schema::connection", though?

[@themsaid]

Because the connection is cached in Laravel so we need to purge the connection and re-connect with the new configuration.

[@ladenbin]

bro youre insane thankyou so much

[@intolap9371]

I followed each and every step and could reach the end quite smoothly, very detailed demonstration. But when I refresh the front end it gets me 404 error laravel.intolap.com/romegasoftware/. Please ignore the directory name. Any relevance?

[@Khalyomede]

Super interesting thanks for this one!

[@sirius8ly]

Great vid. Can you tell me why I might be getting this error. Illuminate\Database\QueryException SQLSTATE[HY000] [1049] Unknown database 'laravel' (SQL: select * from information_schema.tables where table_schema = laravel and table_name = migrations and table_type = 'BASE TABLE') I see in the db tenants table database laravel and paravel so I don't know why it's complaining. thanks

[@sirius8ly]

Here I realized that you need to manually create those two database laravel and paravel for this to work.

[@peterkimani2817]

Adding "DB::statement("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS $this->database")" in the Tenant.php file inside the configure() function just before the config array worked for me.

[@ashok_bishnoi]

What if all tenant migrations are stored in Migrations/Tenant folder, in this case how migrations will work? I tried and command just ignored the path and migrated all tables to the main connection.

[@themsaid]

What command did you run?

[@ashok_bishnoi]

tenants:migrate command and passed client id as argument, and inside command class after checking if seed argument supplied or not, I added one option of path and value of this path was 'migrations/client' but at the end nothing happened in client's database, instead all tables dropped and migrated back in main database.

[@ashok_bishnoi]

@@themsaid gist.github.com/kingashok29/b0450269840f2ff404810edc18118a30

[@themsaid]

@@ashok_bishnoi You need to pass the absolute path for the migrations.

[@ashok_bishnoi]

@@themsaid Not working even after providing absolute part --path=database/migrations/client

[@delamberty]

Thank you for the video, is this compatible witih Laravel 8?

[@themsaid]

Yup

[@arun8342]

What is the recommended way to run a specific business logic and migration for one tenant?

[@gustavovasquezveliz7046]

maybe in that case you will need a package, like hyn/tenancy

[@andiputra6377]

thanks a lot, you save my days, love it

[@belalsalas7266]

Great video, Thank you Mohamed!

[@godwindaniel845]

Hello, Great video. my question is around context switching.. imagine switching db at a very high rate. would this impact performance ?

[@KashifAmin-AskAmin]

i have also this question , will handle high traffic

[@DanielGamboaStewart]

Excelent video.... I am having some problems with Laravel 8 and running my ExampleTest.php i am getting an undefined factory() error. Has anyone run into this problem? Tests\Feature\ExampleTest::itReturnsCurrentTenantAndListOfItsUsers Error: Call to undefined function Tests\Feature\factory()

[@renwar]

In Laravel 8, factory() helper is removed. However I am facing another problem which is PHPUnit\Framework\InvalidArgumentException: Argument #2 of PHPUnit\Framework\Assert::assertCount() must be a countable or iterable and this is the code I get the error from "$response->assertJsonCount(4, 'users');"

[@renwar]

I have just fixed my issue. It was from the route, make sure to use \App\Models\User instead \App\User

[@DanielGamboaStewart]

@@renwar what was factory replaced with? in any case i can take a look at your problem over the weekend. I'll reply if i am able to reproduce and fix your problem.

[@priyalpatel9949]

Nice Video. But i am having an issue when running with swoole (laravel-s). f (!$this->app->runningInConsole()) returns true in TenancyProvider. How can i solve it, any suggestions please?I am using Lumen 8

[@batsmanist]

Thanks for this.

[@kingshark8848]

This is my urgent need!! Thanks

[@themsaid]

Happy it helped :)

[@JacobChenn]

Great video! Thank you

[@mubafaw]

Many thanks 😊👍

[@stefanosgiannakis7151]

Great content 👍

[@YGNCode]

Very helpful. Thanks Mohamed

[@sohelmia1999]

Thanks for this video.

[@MehdiAroui92]

Great video mohammed, thanks

[@anasfarih]

Great tuto Thank's for explanation

[@themsaid]

Glad it was helpful!

[@kennedyosaze1184]

Great work Mohamed. Just have one question. Did you create all the databases (for the tenants) manually before you run the "tenants:migrate" command or it was generated by the same command.

[@themsaid]

I created these manually yes. But you might want to automate that if you allow tenants to sign up to your app.

[@ajayinurudeen2269]

@@themsaid Any suggestion on how this can be achieved?

[@sstchutch]

Interested in your approach to do this automatically as well. I created an event that is fired on sign up.

[@mrcombal]

Thank you for the huge efforts you put to make development using Laravel much more easy and fun process. I have a question here: what do you mean by having to make a database per tenant? Can you please share some scenarios where using a database per tenant would be a better option? Thanks again Mohammed

[@themsaid]

He Wessam, Glad it helps :) I wrote my thoughts on this in a recent blog post, you can find it here: divinglaravel.com/multi-tenancy-in-laravel

[@tarcisiobfilho]

Mohamed Said, Great video thanks

[@realtorview5024]

Awesome video bro

[@eneessylmz]

Hello, I have a problem. I made a fully working multi-site system. However, the system does not work when the boostrap / cache / config file is created. Because config.php file is created for only 1 site. How can I make this file a separate file for each site. I couldnt find it. Please help me.

[@ahmmedafzal940]

First of all i would like to appreciate your effort Mohamed Said. Let me tell u, i am getting error Symfony\Component\Debug\Exception\FatalThrowableError : syntax error, unexpected '=>' (T_DOUBLE_ARROW), expecting ')' at D:\xampp\htdocs\multi_tenancy\app\Console\Commands\TenantsMigrateCommand.php:31 ); } else { Tenant::all()->each( fn($tenant) => $this->migrate($tenant) ); } }

[@heshamabdallah8576]

well done bro!

[@sodeepnext]

شكرا محمد في ممكن شروحات بالعربية من فضلك

[@mokhosh]

You forgot your Screencast TODOs man, that font size...

[@themsaid]

I made the checklist because I forgot the font size in this video :)

[@mokhosh]

@@themsaid Oh, right. Awesome work man. Keep it up.

[@cali4484]

it took me 1:35 second to hit the like button 😅

[@djoudi5]

Not Found :github.com/themsaid/multitenancy-example

[@themsaid]

Fixed that

[@atoz4541]

multi tenancy spatie route slugs problem - Route::domain('{tenant}.localhost')->middleware('tenant')->group(function(){ Route::prefix('owner')->middleware(['auth', 'owner'])->group(function () { Route::get('/Entries/edit/{id}',function($id){ echo $id; }); }); }); output gives tenant name

[@zubair.mohsin]

Repo is still private I guess.

[@themsaid]

Fixed that now :)

[@themsaid]

Fixed that. Sorry guys :D

[@mustafael-gaml2235]

ليه مش بتنكلم عربي ؟

[@themsaid]

علشان أوصل لعدد أكبر :)

[@mustafael-gaml2235]

@@themsaid ان شاءا لله هتوصل لي المليون انت استمر

[@pedroarmandotafurgarcia]

excelente vídeo;yo lo hice con múltiples schemas misma base de datos postgresql guiándome del articulo que escribiste divinglaravel.com/understanding-how-laravel-configures-database-connections