Nanman: the Lost Tribe of South China DOCUMENTARY

[@KingsandGenerals]

Support us and your Total War addiction: store.steampowered.com/app/1299591/Total_War_THREE_KINGDOMS__The_Furious_Wild/? - This is a truly massive expansion!

[@ArpanDe]

Nice video

[@夏士莲欧莱雅]

Point out a mistake, Dongyi is not in North Korea, it is near Shandong Province

[@juliuscaesar8925]

Great Video! Very Enlightening.

[@Perfectedketchup]

Total war addiction is a pretty accurate description of what I have

[@khuret1773]

I think you You missed out on Eastern Part of India region bordering Myanmar Where we have Lots of tribes, different dialects... DM me

[@Milos111Zivkov]

These people were treated by Chinese the same way Romans treated Celts. The parallels are very weird - both were amazing blacksmiths, divided into hundreds and thousands of different clans and tribes with varying language differences. Celts were amazing horsemen while Nanman were great sailors. Both got assimilated by those who considered them barbarians. Amazing.

[@Milos111Zivkov]

@@cudanmang_theog Vietnam stronk!

[@thewanderingrey8830]

I wonder if there are tribes in Europe that consider themselves to be direct Celtic descendants with Celtic languages. Even Vietnamese people can still claim kinship to some of the tribes in China that speak Sino-Vietnamese languages. The "assimiliation" of Yue was never complete with the presence of many of their direct tribal descendants making up of China's recognized minorities...

[@obsidianstatue]

@@cudanmang_theog LOL not assimilated politically, but culturally, vietnam is just a small version of China. it's a shame that you guys couldn't develop a written language. and had to adapt the Latin alphabet. should've kept the Chinese characters or alter it to suit your spoken language.

[@rickr9435]

@@thewanderingrey8830 the irish?

[@TKN_NTBY]

@@rickr9435 Exactly what I thought, Also Weish I guess

[@isaweesaw]

I love this channel's obscure topics. I'd never heard of 90% of this stuff till you guys came along

[@navox933]

I also really appreciate Creative Assembly for always sponsoring those vids, i love playing Total War and watching this always gets me in the mood.

[@labkone3921]

FAQs

[@juliuscaesar8925]

Me too

[@summersong5876]

SCINTILLAM DEI whats the name of the video?

[@Mephisto43]

Obscure to the Western world. Not to China and South-east Asia for example.

[@caocao4731]

Speaking as a Northern Thai;(albeit of Han Chinese descent) I went to Yunnan on vacation and visited a town dominated by the Dai people.(Xishuangbanna in mandarin) Their cultures and traditions were exactly the same as at home, even the food, and the local dialect.

[@kleuafflatus]

Haha my friend told me the same thing, but the other way around: her grandma is from the countryside of Kunming and speaks a dialect. She went to north Thailand with a group of friends last year and only she understood what they were saying

[@R4x0]

@@MrGod47 that's what I heard too. Now we have corroboration.

[@ngevacorp]

Maybe ppl ran off to the south to avoid the war and took the land and became Thailand

[@caocao4731]

@@ngevacorp That's exactly what happened. It wasn't a single event, but a slow migration south that basically kicked off each time a Chinese Dynasty collapsed. By the time the Tai people arrived in what is now Thailand, the Cambodians were weakening as an empire. We just sort of...gave them a push down the stairs >_>. I think that's why they hate us, ha ha.

[@LeSethX]

I like to think of myself as knowledgeable in history in general, yet amazingly I had never even heard of the Nanman before this video (although I've never accepted China's claim that over 90% of the country is ethnically Han Chinese)

[@samiamrg7]

They’re legacy reminds me a lot of the Gauls of Europe. A lot of information about them comes from records written by other cultures who considered them “barbarians,” but they in fact were extremely diverse and had a sophisticated culture. They were eventually conquered and assimilated by a powerful neighbor, but still live on in surprising places.

[@samiamrg7]

Even the Trưng sisters are comparable to Boudicca and the last-ditch uprising of the Icenni Gauls.

[@weishi9804]

​@@samiamrg7please look up monument of Sister‘s conquer, the sister wad sold out by tribe chiefs, in return for continuation of right over lower class Vietnamese.

[@weishi9804]

The sister choose wrong Chinese Emperor to rebel, who hold the record of leading 10,000 men to defeat 400,000 army.

[@damiann4734]

​@@weishi9804Doesn't matter if the Trung sister lost then. They started a legacy and won in the end.

[@fayhay8011]

The thing of what happen to the Nanman & not to the Celts is that the Nanman transforms into 3 distinct groups (Kra-Dai,Austronesia,Austro-asiatic) & one of them manage to explore & settle almost half of Earth's globe (Austronesia)

[@LaughableSynonyms]

Im Maori and I wholeheartedly believe that some of my ancestors came from somewhere near the South China Sea. It's no coincidence that our language is exactly the same or has similar words to our Asian counterparts.

[@ANTSEMUT1]

@Paul Frei plus more protein in their diet.

[@A_K808]

Do you think it's just Maori or all Polynesians?

[@A_K808]

@@LuisAldamizWell, I'm in college right now, and what I've learned in my Hawaiian studies class (I'm Hawaiian, btw) is that the Polynesians originated from mainland southeast Asia to south Indonesia and then found their way to the Polynesian islands. IDK how true that is, but it's a possibility

[@alimybad]

@@A_K808 Taiwan, Mainland Southeast Asia are different.. they are Austroasiatic not Austronesian.

[@alimybad]

@Charles Huang Not really lol

[@Edwin-ku2cg]

Fun fact: The diplomat Han Wudi sent to Nan Yue was a former lover of the Nan Yue Queen Dowager. They rekindled their old flame and were slaughtered by the Nan Yue court. That gave Wudi the pretext to invade.

[@brokensky2378]

Han Wu Di was like the Trajan of the Han Empire. The guy fought a massive war against the Xiongnu nomads, and routed them in their homeland.

[@cristhianramirez6939]

When will kingdoms learn? killing diplomats and emmisars is calling for war

[@hantingliu882]

That sounds like a set up in first place

[@masterj2245]

Actually, Han Wudi（汉武帝） is his title, which means The Emperor of Martial of Han Dynasty. His real name is Liu Che(刘彻). All of the emperors in Han Dynasty have the family name Liu（刘）.

[@stevengreen9536]

@@cristhianramirez6939 It seems in the past when a ruler or the court got angry.They would forget the rules concerning the treatment of messengers. :/

[@thewanderingrey8830]

Shamoke: "All we had to do, was follow the damn river, Liu Bei!"

[@sim8051]

Lmao only the real will get this one

[@bryan3792]

@@FD_Stalker Next day, **fire**

[@Derna1804]

@@sim8051 Luo Guanzhong likes his armies well-done.

[@nore5992]

Only the OG will remember this

[@porothashawarma2339]

WOOOOOAAAHH

[@wewenang5167]

The Malays still used that palm wood armor during Portuguese occupation in the Peninsula. We call the wood Kayu Nibong. it is super hard, even the British said this in their records that an 18 century rifle bullet cannot penetrate it. That is why most fort that was build by Indonesian and Malaysian and also khmer used Nibong wood as palisade.

[@剑心符文]

可以用火呀😂诸葛亮周瑜都用火消灭了南方少数民族

[@michael43216]

The art in this video is breath taking. I don't know how you do it.

[@jajas2]

What a fascinating video. Kings and Generals may just be the most interesting channel on all of KZbin.

[@barbiquearea]

All because of LGZ's fantastically exaggerated tellings in the Romance, many historians doubted Meng Huo even existed. Now the reason why Zhuge Liang had fire spewing contraptions was because of the fabled wicker armor (which was probably just Rattan) the Nanman soldiers wore, which incidentally made them invulnerable to attacks while also allowing them to fight with incredible speed and swiftness. This mystical wicker armor made Meng Huo's troops nigh unstoppable but like everything else made of wood was susceptible to fire. So Zhuge Liang needed to find a way to burn Meng Huo's troops, which he did by inventing a anachronistic flamethrower. Zhuge Liang's incendiary weapons by the way was most likely based on the Pen Huo Qi (噴火器) or "fire spraying device". It first made an appearance on the battlefields of China in 919 CE during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, which took place at least seven hundred years after the Romance of the Three Kingdoms timeline. These types of flamethrowers could shoot a continuous stream of naptha and was a highly effective weapon. They could be used to burn down enemy fortifications, mounted on walls and towers to rain down fire or project walls of flame against incoming hostile forces, and can even be placed on a four wheeled pushcart to sow terror on the battlefield.

[@thanhmai2878]

Ho Lee Shi personally I feel like the elephant part is legit because many Viet armies in history were famed for using elephants.

[@mxn1948]

@Ho Lee Shi the tigers are probably fake, the elephants are probably real, chinese states in the warring states period used them in war

[@fyang1429]

@@mxn1948 the warring states period was over four hundred years before the three kingdoms period, at which elephant was already extinct in northern China. I had read somewhere that they were still used until 5-6 century CE in the southwest though.

[@Gongolongo]

@@mxn1948 tigers are real. They just can't be controlled so well to be used in large scale in an army though. War tigers are a thing in ancient China, just not very common.

[@Gongolongo]

The flamethrower only has archeological evidence dating back to 919. But most people who study Chinese history know that there are new findings very often proving things that seem anachronistic. For example, Qin Shi Huang Di was thought to be a mythical figure head from 4000 BC. We recently found his necropolis and proved he is real only about 30 years ago. When I was younger, the first Chinese empire with evidence was about 2000 BC. But now we have evidence that shows existence of an empire 8000 BC.

[@chekim2]

This episode is exceptionally well written, the chronology, the names, the convergence of various countries/people's origins, the maps, everything is top quality, highly educational and very entertaining nevertheless. I've watched many episodes on this channel, they are all pretty good, but this one stand out by a far margin ahead, IMO. THANK YOU.

[@fredgunon7066]

Thanks the archive of the Chinese documents...some documents of the encounter with greek and other civilization is still exist nowdays

[@gudea5207]

Kings and General: the craziest part is they let this guy go seven times Me: there’s a man who can control animals like a land aquaman and this is what you are concerned about

[@QuangHoang-ps3mm]

Should he be called Terraman ?

[@umjackd]

@@QuangHoang-ps3mm AniMan is a hero name that's surprisingly not used yet...

[@fern1009]

At least they clarified why the Nanman can use Tigers in the Total War DLC - although I've yet to hear if that feature is turned off or modified on the non-romance mode as with most other elements from a romance run.

[@Cassandra_Solidor]

@@fern1009 They are not. Records mode also allows Elephants, tigers and some of the abilities.

[@death2denemy]

Lol!!

[@rbclc]

Our tribe (Biaju/Ngadju)ancestors came from Yunan Region in Southern China...Even now in our island of Borneo, there are hundreds of tribes with different dialects and languages yet share almost identical cultural roots with each others, hence we refer to all of our tribes as D'yak/Dayak (Which means: "People" or "Those who dwell in") then followed by region or villages where it came from. As example, my tribe is Dayak Biaju/Ngadju which means "Those who dwell in inner region of the island" or "People of the inner region". Our closest kin are the Dayak Ot Danum (Those who dwell on the rivers/riverside), and Dayak Bakoempai (Those who dwell on the grasslands).

[@juch3]

The more recent out of Taiwan theory is more widely accepted now as it has better linguistic evidence supporting it.

[@Patrick-wr9bg]

Yup,dayak people linguistically and culturally related to the Malays and Indonesian ancestor Austronesian people as stated in this video

[@Supitcha2023]

Can we understand each other? I am zhuang Nanning Guangxi ( Quang Tay).

[@chinmungkuan8551]

I'm from Sabah too , never know or hear dayak from Yunnan . Where you get the info ?

[@maryllthemusicman1318]

@@chinmungkuan8551 his info is likely from the older theory of proto-malayic migration down from Yunnan into Sundaland/Maritime SEA while a large genetic component of those living in Western SEA is from these peoples, likely the progenitor of Austroasiatic languages (Vietnamese, Aslian, Cambodian, Munda), the majority genetic component and definite linguistic origin of the peoples of the Malay Archipelago (ergo including the Dayaks in Borneo) is of the Austronesian family that started in South China before moving over to Taiwan around 3000~2000 BC The "Out of Taiwan" theory is currently the newer and more accepted theory of the two

[@Jumpoable]

Cantonese here. An absolute MASTERPIECE. I prostrate to your scholarship & production skills. I've never seen such a detailed English summary of Nanman & Baiyue. Only 1 thing, it's Meng Huo not Hou!

[@jackjackyphantom8854]

Cantonese are a subgroup of Han-Chinese, isn't it? The Natives of Guangdong and Guangxi were the Tai-Kadai peoples, and Zhuang for example are a surviving indigenous group in Guangxi.

[@rqjj1502]

@@jackjackyphantom8854 Cantoneses are mix of Baiyue & Han. Han culture and gene in dominant position. Similar with Hokkiens. People in Guangxi are more similar to Baiyue than Cantonese. The Hakka is the Han immigrant for Central plain.

[@rqjj1502]

@@jackjackyphantom8854 The invasion and conquer from Han to Baiyue is long ago which make it impossible to distinguish clearly Han and Baiyue people In China.

[@rqjj1502]

@@jackjackyphantom8854 The assimilation start approximatly after Conquer of Baiyue in Han dynasty. At that time the North China (region such as Henan, Shandong) have significant population and economic superiority than south. There are sevaral migration activity from north to south after that for war and natural disaster, which weak the influence of Baiyue in south and move the economic center to south (till today). That is why south Chinese language is so different with the mandarin (which is from north).

[@rqjj1502]

@@jackjackyphantom8854 Han Chinese have huge population number advantage than group around because of many reasons, which significantly help to assimilation. These assimilation also amplify the Han or we so-called Chinese. That is why we have so large Han Chinese group today. Similar thing happen on Manchu conqueror. They move to Han culture under the incredibly huge population dominant of Han Chinese. Their area of origin, manchuria, also become Han Chinese region by the migration activity called ChuangGuandong at the last phase of Qing empire.

[@peiopascualhernando2236]

this is one of the most important channels in the whole youtube

[@KingsandGenerals]

Thank you for your kind words!

[@carlosnevarez4003]

Hah! I remember the Nanman from ROTK 8. Once you conquered the Southwest provinces, they paid tribute to you and offered you Elephants. Thank you for covering China during the this period ^.^

[@BritskNguyen]

I hate that campaign, the elephant can knock you down and push you down to a corner and you're dead because when you stand up you're immediately knocked down again.

[@sl6706]

ROTK 8 will always be my favorite of the franchise.

[@carlosnevarez4003]

@@sl6706 Same here. Lord knows how many hours and smokes I sank into that game 😂

[@NobleKorhedron]

ROTK...?

[@andymeese8249]

NobleKorhedron Romance of the Three Kingdoms

[@antoniodeodilonbrito7643]

Haven't even watched it and have already pressed the Like button! That's how much I value the content made by Kings and Generals!

[@SlayerRiley]

@GoodGirlKate man, you sure love commenting on this channels videos, no blame tho

[@DutchSkeptic]

This is beautiful! I first read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms when I was about 13 years old (when Dynasty Warriors had picqued my interest), now I'm almost 30 and finally I've got an answer to where the Nanman came from and what happened to them. Thanks K & G!

[@DaiMie]

I always wonder who the Nanman were and wonder why I got a weird affinity for them. But I still end up siding with Wu in the end. I never like Shu cuz Liu Bei a fucking cannibal. Fuck that guy.

[@chessonso2610]

HOKKIEN, CANTONESE, VIETNAMESE, HAKKA, TAIWANESE & TAIWAN ABORIGINES, ZHUANG, YI, MIAO, TANKA etc. All are brothers and sisters - Descended from THE PROUD and RICH BAI YUE PEOPLES.

[@skeptic781]

Thanks for clarifying your name so there's no confusion

[@damiann4734]

They are hiding in Vietnam haha

[@BarHawa]

@@chessonso2610 Hello, I am Polynesian and descend from Taiwanese aboriginals. Would it be a stretch to say that we're connected?

[@tranquil_dude]

Two major aspects of general Yue culture not mentioned in this video are their headhunting (猎首) and affinity for water battles (好水战)。 Also, there's another notable woman warrior among the Yue, who was usually just referred to as the Maiden of Yue (越女) in the historical records. She was an accomplished swordswoman during the Warring States period, said to have come from the "Southern Forests" near or within the State of Yue. She expounded one of the earliest attested martial arts theories in China (complete with application of Yin-Yang concept). She imparted her skills to the State of Yue's army and thus had a hand in helping the State of Yue to conquer the State of Wu.

[@tranquil_dude]

@江永生 the 越女论剑 story was first mentioned in Han Dynasty records. Afterwards it was also referenced in other places, including a martial arts treatise by Chang Naizhou, all predating Jin Yong's time. Jin Yong's contribution is just that: to turn it into a novel.

[@ColoniaMurder20]

woman in the Philippines still follow our ancient culture today.. woman in our country always lead our country and hold higher position in government.

[@yosudathapa6150]

Can you please share more about the headhunting part because, in India the ethnic group of Nagas people has the historical background of headhunting, and they are one of the tribes Communities and according to the folklore and wars tactics they are really good in hiding.

[@ColoniaMurder20]

@@yosudathapa6150 headhunting is very common among tribes in Maritime Southeast Asia during pre colonial. here in the Philippines we have famous female headhunter tribe against japanese during world war 2.

[@yosudathapa6150]

@@ColoniaMurder20 oh that's really cool, even here during the British colonial rule they were not able to capture the Nagas area because they were really good in war tactics and they practice headhunting and the person with the highest number of enemies heads are considered as warriors .thank you for the informations

[@brandonjoy8639]

This is easily, the go to channel for world history. I've learned more from this channel in 1 year, than I did in 4 years of schooling. ✌

[@charlielee5906]

As a speaker of Cantonese, i can understand some Vietnamese words amongst other words from south East Asian countries. Very interesting 🤔

[@gnak2]

well vietnamese do refer cantonese as brothers and more closely related to them than chinese

[@charlielee5906]

SCINTILLAM DEI go for it. And it sounds like a rollercoaster cuz it has 9 tones compared to mandarin which has 4 😂

[@nguyenquang4707]

Me too some Vietnamese and Cantonese words are suprisingly similar. In addition, my father is Taiwanese and my mother isVietnamese therefore I realize that vietnamese and hokkien (a language is widely used in Taiwan) are quite similar.

[@boruizou4285]

@@gnak2 Lmao，I Chinese and cantonese，dont associate me with Vietnam like we are the same people.

[@xXxSkyViperxXx]

it is because vietnamese also mainly borrowed from cantonese during classical chinese era

[@f3wbs]

Kings and Generals always coming in the clutch.

[@scooterati7066]

Always got the best videos and topics. Learning while being entertained.

[@walrus1074]

Jordan-esque

[@fungisrock8955]

@GoodGirlKate the second tour lol

[@kimjongunchien5652]

@GoodGirlKate This video so wrong about My country Việt Nam because this is history of china write .Everry thing is wrong because china aways p,redatory in every time in history of human. Ancient they p,redatory culture now they p,redatory technology of EU and USA . 1 bilion 400 people so idio,t .jj

[@chessonso2610]

HOKKIEN, CANTONESE, VIETNAMESE, HAKKA, TAIWANESE & TAIWAN ABORIGINES, ZHUANG, YI, MIAO, TANKA etc. All are brothers and sisters - Descended from THE PROUD and RICH BAI YUE PEOPLES.

[@George-ph6qo]

I am stunned by the level of detail you managed to assemble. I can remember a snippet of history from a recent Vietnamese worker at my job. It was fascinating then and even more so forty years later.

[@luigidisanpietro3720]

We studied this migration down south theory in the Philippines... (out of Taiwan Theory) Our professor, being an Archeologist and Anthropologist stated how ancient tools dug up was older in the northern parts of the country (Batanes Islands,) but younger to the southernmost regions of our nation... A "pattern of migration southwards." This study is relatively new and alien to most Filipinos, since the accepted version was that our ancestors came from the South....

[@xXxSkyViperxXx]

sadly they completely glossed over the philippines again in this video

[@duovaduo1653]

Can you suggest me some books on the migration topic 🙏

[@duovaduo1653]

@Zhejun Zhang do check out the Naga tribe of North East India, my tribe may be the remnant of the Nanman tribe.

[@glennzoo]

In the 19th century it was assumed that Filipino's are descended from Malay's, the Taiwan connection wasn't established yet. Sadly the Philippines didn't catch up with the facts yet.

[@duovaduo1653]

@Hernando Malinche How do you know that the Nagas are Sino Tibetan ?

[@Smegitysmegsmeg]

Long time podcast and youtube lurker. I must say, thank you K&G for providing consistent and thought-provoking content. Keep up the good work!

[@Curtistopsidae]

This might be my favorite Chinese history video. It's so hard to find info on the Yue or really even any historical minority of antiquity, and you not only presented it beautifully, you somehow did it *from the Yue perspective* despite the lack of great sources. Keep the vids like this coming!

[@mosesracal6758]

Its very interesting, as someone who is part of the Malayan people group, the possibility that our very culture was once a culture borrowed but forgotten is very fascinating. Especially the tattoo, which are an integral part of all Southeast Asian and Pacific peoples. To have such an influence in our culture - it is surprising to have never heard of the Baiyue. The Baiyue were basically the Pheonicians of the East, colonizing large swaths of maritime Asia and the Pacific.

[@but_at_what_cost]

百越并不是一个民族，南蛮和百越也不是一回事，这视频懂得一点皮毛就在那里胡说八道。汉语叙事体系称所有南方未开化的人和地区为蛮，夏商时楚地（今天湖南湖北）是南蛮、苗蛮。百越在基因上是接近的，但是发展程度天差地别。5000年的良渚人，也是越人之一，已经有国家形态，建设了全世界最早的水利工程。而汉朝时期（2000年前）的越南还是穴居状态，非常原始。

[@MarkzOng]

The worst part happening in the southern part of South East Asia is the importation of Arabic culture that has little roots to this region. The folks only want to destroy and assimilate others into the desert belief. Unfortunately many local blindly follow and a lot of historical practice and belief are forgotten or deny.

[@ge7sur3nka34]

what is malayan culture?.

[@MarkzOng]

@@ge7sur3nka34 a good example are Tarian Mak Yong and wayang kulit. TMY is even banned in PAS states as it deem unholy ... You probably doesn't even know what's your culture heritage when asking what's the culture. Too bad a lot of folks are brainwashed since young of everything outside of what some 7th century man did is not right. They lack logical thinking or critical thinking for themselves.

[@ge7sur3nka34]

@@MarkzOng I am from Mori tribe and even tho i know wayang kulit, it is a javanese culture, certainly not mine and malay. Back to my question, what is malayan culture?

[@julioramos1544]

Man, I've been watching your guys' vids since you made it to the frontpage of reddit that one time a few years ago. Thanks for all the content!

[@jylefranzcayabyab2982]

At last, an episode for the Baiyue people. I used to look for episodes like this as well as like the imjin war. Finally, you created one with a kings and generals version. Great Video!!!

[@wilhelmreinhardt4643]

The Yi people (Tibeto-Burman) of southern China actually recognize Meng Huo as one of their ancestors.

[@chessonso2610]

HOKKIEN, CANTONESE, VIETNAMESE, HAKKA, TAIWANESE & TAIWAN ABORIGINES, ZHUANG, YI, MIAO, TANKA etc. All are brothers and sisters - Descended from THE PROUD and RICH BAI YUE PEOPLES.

[@mekichiew8282]

@Jacky Phantom well duh, but not like we ain't got baiyue blood in us, heck, historical "han" kingdoms that would pop up from time to time during "China done fucked up" periods still uses their baiyue names (Wu, Min, etc.). Let's put it this way, even if you're only 30% black in the US, that still means you're DESCENDED (Not black, but DESCENDED) from black people. So your argument is moot.

[@MRT-co1sd]

@@mekichiew8282 It's more like 2%.

[@mekichiew8282]

@@MRT-co1sd Eeeh, i would say it's more like up to 15% the further south you go from SuNan(South of Nanjing, North South divider of China), we're pretty distinctive physically from the northerners.

[@magine7682]

as an YI people，i am more like the self-called nationality name “Nasurp”，Menghuo‘s history is stigmatized in pop culture ，especially by the fictional book The Romance of The Three Kingdoms 。and sadly most of the Yi people were assimilated in YunNan province， they’ve forgotten the root of their own culture， lost the identification of the nationality， they are ，most of them ， no different from Han people。 and more，Nasurp has a very unique culture system，mythology，origin，history，religion，language，lifestyle。there are many nationalities have extincted in history，thank god we remain exist （about 10 million population so far）。

[@anchovytrex]

Brilliantly done. Especially the visuals and the art. And amazing research on your behalf mate. Cheers! Looking forward for more ❤️

[@Neatling]

Thank you for making me aware of this obscure part of history. Very interesting and well put together video.

[@JOGA_Wills]

"You shall never subdue me Zhuge Liang, Never" - Meng Huo, King of the Nanman

[@liveshow123456789]

The broader idea is that it will never subdue the Baiyue people. And to this day it is impossible to subdue Vietnam after 2000 years

[@gcyang1939]

then been captured 7 times😂

[@liveshow123456789]

Jorel Williams Chinese fiction story. Can't believe anything Chinese

[@NoverMaC]

@@liveshow123456789 never is a strong word

[@梁天一-m8m]

@@liveshow123456789 Oh yeah? Why believe in Chinese money and sell your women to those poor Chinese peasants?

[@VYBCTV]

Great video. Iam a big fan of your videos and voice over narration. This has similarities with ancient Indian history too. Though it is proved by genetics and archeaology that almost all people in Indian subcontinent are blood related. That is 65% of us are a mix of people from Sintastha Culture (From Russia - Ukraine & Kazhaksthan Steppes) & Indus Valley Civilization.(Mix Of Zagrosian Iranian Hunters & Ancient Ancestral South Indians) Plus we have BMAC blood too. North Easterners have more Sino Tibetan blood. Both Northerners and Southerners have small amounts of Sino Tibetan and Ancient North Siberian DNA too. (Only 5 % - 10%) During the Mahajanapadha period, people living below south of Vindhya ranges (except Asmaka which was situated on Eastern Maharashtra and Telengana) east of Magadha, west of Gandhara and north of Kapilavasthu and Kashmeera kingdoms were called Mlechchas. (uncouth, filthy barbarians, no refined culture, not civilzed enough to fit on the standards of Aryavartha.) Funny thing is that all the ancient Southern and Eastern kingdoms like Chola, Chera, Pandyas, Ays, Mushikas, Kodava, Nasika, Sinhala, Kalinga, Telenga, Andhra, Satavahana, Vanga, Pragjyothishpura kingdoms were established by royal clans from Aryavartha. They become Mlecha kingdoms because they didnot bring Brahmins to purify the lands and mixed heavily with locals violating endogamy rules as prescribed by Laws Of Manu. Brahmins began to migrate to these places only when Emperor Ashoka of Magadha made Buddhism a compulsory religion. These terrorist Buddhist monks began to forcibly convert people in mass. Brahmins got harassed too. Last phase of Sangam period (100 B.C) witnessed migration of Poorva Shikha Brahmins in Pandyan Kingdom. Apara Shikha Brahmins came along with Pallavas to destroy Kalabras and Chalukyas for good. We came to Tamilnadu in 7th century A.D. Pallavas worked under Satavahanas of Asmaka kingdom. They spoke Sanskrit and Maharashtri Prakrit in their early ruling lands. After making Kancheepuram as their capital they began to use Tamil as their official language. Brahmin dominance in South Indian administration, judiciary, land holdings, arts, music and drama were on a full swing diring Pallava and Medieval Chola Period. Maritime relations between South East Asia and South India opened new doors of opportunity to spread Hinduism and Buddhism. Pallavas were the first rulers in South India to built amazing temple structures. They introduced Pallava Grantha script still used in Tamilnadu and SE Asian countries like Laos, Thailand, Cambodia and Indonesia. Today we cannot imagine a prosperous India or China without modern cities which fall mostly on south of the country. Once mlecha lands now billion dollar making mega cities which account for 40% of wealth. Eg: Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Vizag, Chennai, Kochi, Hongkong, Shanghai, Macau, Guanzhou etc. 👍

More accurately they didn't "lost", they just assimilated and became Chinese. Just like Frank people who came to France and latinized.

[@DanfuLiu]

Just like Andalusian ppl has a lot of Berber blood...

[@MasterJawata]

Exactly, that's what I was going to say.

[@Tony-kj7ui]

no as a vietnamese i can tell you now they still exist in the mountains in vietnam

[@khoanguyenleanh5875]

@erick meyer There are still Cham people here in Vietnam and they are pretty much distinguishable from Kinh people.

[@Pein061]

Ho Lee Shi they are

[@zechangl3903]

and interesting thing is, the chinese name of Vietnam is "Yue Nan", which means South of Yue

[@baochi456]

Or Yues of the South.

[@baochi456]

Or Southwards? Cuz Viet/Yue means forward?

[@keisukeketa4490]

嘉隆元年（清嘉慶七年，1802年），阮福映建立阮朝。次年表请清朝册封“南越国王”，最终清仁宗嘉慶帝改以“越南国王”之名冊封，阮朝正式国号即为“越南”。这也是越南国名的由来，取代之前的名称「大越」，一直沿用至今。 “ 阮福映表请以「南越」二字锡封。上谕大学士等曰：「南越」之名，所包甚广。考之前史，今广东、广西地亦在其内。阮福映即有安南，亦不过交趾故地，何得遽称「南越」？该国先有越裳旧地，后有安南全壤。天朝褒赐国号，著用「越南」二字，以「越」字冠其上，仍其先世疆域；以‘南’字列于下，表其新赐藩封；且在百越之南，著于《时宪书》内，将「安南」改为「越南」。 ” -- 《嘉庆重修一统志》卷五五三 Năm Gia Long thứ nhất (Năm Gia Khánh Thanh triều thứ 7, 1802), Nguyễn Phúc Ánh kiến lập Triều Nguyễn. Năm sau dâng biểu xin Thanh Triều sắc phong "Nam Việt quốc vương", cuối cùng Hoàng đế Thanh Nhân Tông Gia Khánh đổi tên ra sắc phong thành "Việt Nam quốc vương", Triều Nguyễn chính thức lấy quốc hiệu là "Việt Nam". Đây cũng là nguồn gốc tên nước Việt Nam, thay cho tên cũ trước đây là Đại Việt và dùng cho tới ngày nay. "Nguyễn Phúc Ánh đề nghị xin sắc phong hai chữ "Nam Việt". Các thượng dụ đại học sỹ (những người soạn chiếu thư cho hoàng đế) nói: cái tên Nam Việt vốn bao gồm vùng đất Quảng. Xét theo sử cũ gồm vùng đất Quảng Đông, Quảng Tây ngày nay. Nguyễn Phúc Ánh có được An Nam chẳng qua chỉ là vùng đất xưa của Giao Chỉ, sao có thể gọi là Nam Việt được? Nước ấy trước kia thuộc đất Việt Thường cũ, sau này hoàn toàn nằm trong vùng đất An Nam. Thiên triều nên ban quốc hiệu là "Việt Nam", đặt chữ Việt đứng trước biểu thị vẫn là cương vực đời cũ, ghép chữ Nam đứng sau là tên mới được sắc phong, lại là phía nam của Bách Việt, được ghi trong "Thời hiến thư", vậy đổi tên "An Nam" thành "Việt Nam". "Gia Khánh trùng tu nhất thống chí" quyển 553.

[@baochi456]

@@hanyawang4324 nhưng mà theo sử thì có vẻ họ là một liên minh giữa các quốc gia có văn hoá giống nhau? Theo sử thì hai bà trưng còn tập hợp được các quận ở miền Nam Trung Quốc được mà?

[@baochi456]

@@hanyawang4324 sử ta thì thế rồi nhưng sử Trung cx chép thế mà ?

[@witchdokturr]

Despite our tragic loss of the history and (most of) the culture of groups like the Nanman, it's of paramount importance that we continue to spread whatever knowledge we do have of them, I'd say it's doubly important in light of the loss. Even as a child I was frustrated with how most history I came across only focused on the west, with bits and pieces devoted to other areas of the world, and usually told from a clearly biased perspective. KZbin, for all it's flaws, has expanded my horizons farther than everything else I read and saw before. I will always hold a space in my heart for those people and cultures that never got to share their experience. Thank you so much for taking the time and effort to tell a more complete Human story

[@samgyeopsal569]

Hokkien and Cantonesw have many basic words which are related to Thai and thus probably remnants of the Nanman/ Baiyue languages.

[@bencera6067]

Fascinating! I came for the battles, stayed for the great history and cultural lessons. Well done.

[@MasaroZilian]

This might just be the information i've been looking for for years

[@MegaBreheny]

Thanks so much for this overview of ancient Chinese history, it really helps broaden my perspective.

[@AuomAk]

Great documentary! I'm an American born in America, our people call ourselves Hmong, known as Miao in China. The Hmong people were a tribe in Laos who allied with America during the Vietnam War, my parents fled Laos into Thailand to seek refuge. Then migrated to the United States as refugees after the war. The last Miao rebellion against China was in the late 1800s. Having lost the war, many fled south into Laos and came with a new name Hmong meaning free.

[@kenh758]

A very good possibility that the NanMan name used implied “free” people of the south back then.

[@kemuyun5554]

苗族最开始生活在中国的黄河流域，我们最古老的民族之一

[@stump4522]

We Hmong are not Nanman bro. Our ancestor don't ride elephants or tatoo. Although its sounds cool.

[@AuomAk]

@@stump4522 Who said we were NanMan?

[@小齐-k1i]

苗不是汉的一枝吗？

[@jim.pearsall]

Epic. Thank you! From Thailand with mixed heritage 🇹🇭🇻🇳🇹🇼🇨🇳🇮🇳🇺🇸🇬🇧🇳🇴

[@laaarry5533]

They are not lost, they are living in Southeast Asia now

[@moslyjeb3090]

Vietnam exactly. Saying they living in SEA is like claiming all the SEA are Yue. The Viet in Han script means Yue, and Nan means Nam. And 86% of Vietnamese populations is Kinh

[@kimtoannhan7275]

They are not lost. They even has their old Nation- Vietnam ( yuenan).

[@002starboy]

@CHK MKHan There is no such races called Chinese!!! Only the Han race from the north and the Viet races from the south. The term 'Chinese' is the combination of many nations, including those from the Baiyue, the Hundred Việt. So, technically people can say that half of the Chinese now are the Vietnamese. Who knows maybe your ancestors thousand years ago were the Yue too bro.

[@dwargonedragon794]

@CHK MKHan Have you seen genetic tests on Vietnamese people? All that I've seen are almost half "Chinese", probably Han.

[@dwargonedragon794]

@@moslyjeb3090 I don't know about that. Some mountain tribes in Island Southeast Asia still practice tattoos and had cliff burial. They have a claim bec they are Austronesian speakers not Austro-Asiatic like the Viets. Although these BaiYue might be a mix between Austronesians and Austro-Asiatics. Those close to Vietnam might be the Austro-Asiatic BaiYue and those close to the coast are the Austronesian BaiYue.

[@simenonhonore]

Fascinating exploration of this part of Chinese history, particularly in its connexion with neighbouring peoples.

[@DanfuLiu]

Now we know why the Viet hates China that much

[@SVanTha]

The oldest walled cities in China are actually not from the north, but from the south and from the regions of the Hundred Yue and Nanman. Their ancestors were the first to have large scale rice agriculture which allowed their civilizations to develop into city-states similar to Greece. Archaeological finds not only show the fine metallurgy mentioned in the video, but fine pottery and jewelry (earliest forms of worked jade was found in the south). Evidence from other ancient sites in the north and south showed a series of trade networks. As for the people, the genetic evidence found at ancient sites match those of modern Austronesian and Hmong-Mien speakers. It's very likely that the ancestors of these groups of people made up the Nanman and Hundred-Yue people.

[@yeluabaoji7222]

China and russia are the two giant monsters killed and erased many civilization nearby them. The Luo Yue, Lac Viet were the ancestors of the ethnic Vietnamese

[@generalvonkek2496]

@@yeluabaoji7222 Nah, they did nothing wrong.

[@Intranetusa]

@@yeluabaoji7222 The Lac Viet were ancestors of both modern Vietnamese and modern southern Chinese people. And with southern people such as the Yue tribes migrating north and with different northern Chinese ethnic groups migrating south, they all got mixed over thousands of years. The modern southern Chinese, Vietnamese, Cambodian, etc people are a mixture of many different ethnic groups due to migration, conquest, etc. As for erasing smaller civilizations or assimilating them, all civilizations and empires that conquer other nations do that.

[@kuzotenuh6062]

As a Naga from indo burma with over 20 tribes completely unassimilated till a century ago, I guess some of Nanman tribes are not lost. Practice of animism, weretigers, tattoes, mohawks, warring tribes, believed to have moved of southern china to escape the tyranny of a king about 2000 years ago. The pictures depicted in the video and the game as well are strikingly similar.

[@chinmaymurthy2752]

Kuzote Nuh A similar process to that in the video happened in almost all parts of India except the 5 southern states

[@kuzotenuh6062]

@George Nathanael Records of Naga settlement dates back 2000 years, i.e as early as the rise of Qing dynasty. Anthropologist J P Mills had described the tribes Kuzha and Chokri as eastern Angami ( a sub tribe of Angami) based on similarity of dialect, without understanding the traditional complex which created dispute. Naga tribes did came from the Yangtze or Yellow river region. My perception of Nagas is more of the conflicts in the first part of the video. Naga tribes are a conglomerate of a variety of cultures based on the variety of priesthood and its original practices. A taboo for a tribe can be legal for another tribe. War can continue between villages or clans for many generations while keeping peace with another or forming allies to protect each other.

[@thepatriot5011]

Very Good analysis. Naga's may somehow be related with the Nanman. Without written records its hard to come to that conclusion but Most of Traditions and cultures of the Nanman are quite prevalent in the Naga societies today.

[@ezwan7656]

Naga tribe also similar to natives of borneo culturally.

[@youngboi3727]

@@kuzotenuh6062 Nagas are the native people of Naga region. They don't have any legend or myths of migration from somewhere else. All the Tenyima people claim to have originated from Khezhakeno which is near Nagaland-Manipur border. And Ao and related groups claim origin from Lungterok, which is again found within Nagaland. There is no archaeological evidence of Naga people migrating from somewhere else.

[@NibNumbly]

Spent a lot of time with Vietnamese people (Southern and Northern). Their history is extremely interesting and the peoples are much more diverse than most assume. The Southern, Northern, Central highland (Montagnard) people are very different from each other.

[@Nyte-Owl]

Loved this documentary. Beautiful. So much appreciation for Kings and Generals.

[@niamtxiv]

Urm, the Miao are natives to the lower yellow and yangtze. We are descendants of Chu.

[@normtrooper4392]

The story of humanity is a tapestry woven with joy and tears. I shouldn't be surprised China had such an interesting early history but I wasn't expecting this. What a great story. Thanks for making it.

[@user-yo6qk9ds2q]

It is East Asian history, not Han “Chinese”, because different regions have different cultures and stories.

[@SaretGnasoh]

@@user-yo6qk9ds2q the main story happened in area that now become china. So it's correct to say china history, that influence it's neighborhood

[@jackxiao9702]

mostly tears. life mostly sucks.

[@user-yo6qk9ds2q]

@@SaretGnasoh my people came from the yue people living under the yangtze river. we moved south, and i would not associate that history with a modern day country because it is only specific to that region. It is misleading to give something in the past the name of another thing that did not exist until thousands of years later.

[@SaretGnasoh]

@@user-yo6qk9ds2q that area STILL China area NOW. Fact doesn't care with your feeling.

[@judsonwall8615]

This is really one of the most beautiful videos you guys have done. Beautiful in its art, story, and message. Well done.

[@mickker841]

This was a great video on a subject hard to find info on. Having been to Hunan and Guangxi in particular, and seeing the minority people like the Miao and Zhuong it explains a lot. Also the museum in Guangzhou of the tomb of the Nanyue emperor is worth seeing .

[@luciaom9929]

This was wonderful to watch, very informative, and what a beautiful graphics!

[@ericconnor8251]

Great video and I hate to nitpick, but the Trung sisters of Vietnam rebelled against China’s Eastern Han dynasty in 43 AD, not 43 BC, which would be the Western Han period instead. Otherwise a very informative video. Thanks.

[@SonPham-nx3sy]

I think Trung sisters rebellion is biggest part , but Video just focus to total war commercial.

[@xwah5016]

Cư dân Mạng lmao ok sure. Blaming on the ccp for that.

[@kennywong4239]

@@cudanmang_theog Do you know what is actually the cause of the Trung sister rebellion. It is overglorified by the Vietnamese until the true reason is obscured. Around 25 AD, China's Xin Dynasty just collapsed and the whole country was in turmoil. One of the Trung sister husband was killed by a tyrannical warlord, not unlike something 200 years later. They rebelled for vengeance but later wanted to be warlord themselves (not surprising) but was quell by the Han armies which succeed in uniting the whole China.

[@kennywong4239]

@@cudanmang_theog so, what was the ACTUAL cause of the uprising then? You didn't answer the question. Wikipedia stated very clearly it was due to Trung Trac husband being murdered by the tyrannical warlord and she cannot find anyone to address the unjust because the whole of China was in chaos then. There is nothing nationalistic here.

[@larryl1517]

@@SonPham-nx3sy There isn' even a battle described. Clearly commercial, lol

[@pamelatom3190]

This film was really informative, creatively done, and well-produced. Thank you! I'm a 5th generation Chinese American whose family immigrated from Guangdong Province to Los Angeles in the 1870s. My Ancestry DNA test says that I am 86% Chinese and 14% Dai. This video helps explain my genetic makeup! I'm proud of my "barbarian" roots and look forward to visiting Vietnam, Yunnan Province, and other parts of SE Asia (and the Pacific) to learn more. It's tragic that one of the few societies in which women fought, led, and had more equal rights (no foot binding among the Nanman or Baiyue) was wiped out or expelled from their homelands.

[@chefsanders9151]

Ive been to Viet Nam a few times. The Trong Sisters are considered the first of a long line of leaders who fought for Vietnamese independence that ended with Uncle Ho. They are revered and honored.

[@chessonso2610]

The BAI YUE: Ancestors of Southern Chinese people

[@balo700]

Hi, the Trung Sisters, not Trong

[@Harthorn]

@@balo700 Vietnamese women always strong, in past and in present :)

[@Mikelowrey90]

The trung sisters are heroes. Can’t say the same about Ho chi minh

[@TheVietarmy]

@@Mikelowrey90 wtf Trung sisters rebellition was AD 11 AD 43, ho chi minh was modern vietnam , its fuking odd to compare people at different history

[@R3GARnator]

The Han chinese lived on open plains, while the Nanman lived in jungles and mountains. That's what made them hold out so long compared to everywhere else inside the walled in pen that is China (mountains and deserts block most access to the outside world not through the sea).

[@nganguyenthi4736]

Not really , vietnam was low land farmer in red river delta not mountain people ( heck red river delta are pretty flat

[@littleninjavangchhia9099]

Originally han chinese are also forest dwellers and have tatoos on their face and body.

[@RealManHasLongName]

@@littleninjavangchhia9099 Ha, we wish we have some real forests. All we have in central china are plains and crops. Thanks yellow river.

[@littleninjavangchhia9099]

@@RealManHasLongName There is no forest in yellow river?

[@dwargonedragon794]

@@littleninjavangchhia9099 No. The ancestors of Han and Chin people are nomad herders who built temporary cave houses. Some still do it to this day. Central China is pretty much an open plain.

[@yanlon6957]

I'm Naga in northeast . My name is Chen my older son is ching Nan. Most of our cultures and tradition very much resembles the people's of China. We believed that our ancestors first come from China. Lots of love.🙏🤜🤜

[@ALIEN_857]

Yes, you all are Chinese. We may be away from the Mainland China but our names and features are certainly Chinese.

[@pangtickjess941]

The nanman r not Han Chinese but i think the nagas r one among the many tribes from what I show from nanman history everything is similar with the Nagas.

[@danielblue4460]

A certain tribe in Central Philippines has a tradition of blackening their teeth for aesthetics. Modern teenagers of the tribe don't want it anymore.

[@RandomUserX99]

That is also a tradition in Thailand today, that blacken teeth used to mark of beauty.

[@danielblue4460]

@@kentheathen6561 really?? Wow, I was thinking of a certain group somewhere in Panay island. They were even featured on a GMA7 documentary.

[@yolo8283]

ancient tagalogs blackened or reddened their teeth as well.

[@strawberryshortcake_1994]

@@yolo8283 as well as South Highlanders in Mindanao has a Culture of Blackening teeth.

[@TemporaryINTER135]

History: ok so the southern Nanman tribes had a impact during the later half of the three kingdoms period Total War: ... make it DLC, full price

[@DaiMie]

Time to make Dai Nam great again.

[@yeeyee5057]

Their impact was losing to wu and then losing to shu?

[@yeeyee5057]

@Lianhua Xin OK but nothing that directly affects the three kingdoms period though

[@k.h.1267]

Their culture also survive in Japan, like blackening of teeth, rice culture, architecture, tattooing etc. I would also say that huge portions of Chinese culture are of Nanman origins.

[@TheXanian]

Japanese have very little to do with Southern Chinese and SE Asians from a genetic point of view. They're overwhelmingly Northeast Asian with high amounts of Devil's Gates or Proto-Tungusic in their genome. It's possible that they borrowed some Southern Chinese culture, but as a people they're rather distinct.

[@xrli]

TheXanian Well, Yamato is a mix of Northern Asian (Yayoi) and Jomon (Southern Asian), even though the Yayoi dominated the Jomon.

[@AhJauBut]

@@TheXanian and paddy wet field how did yayoi receive?

[@ANTSEMUT1]

The Okinawans probably could be related, especially the ones living om islands like super near Taiwan.

[@TheXanian]

@@xrli Jomon aren't Southern Asian. They had separated from the main continental Asian groups quite early and are neither close to Northern Asians nor to Southern Asians.

[@yutakago1736]

In the "Romance of the three kingdoms", the purpose of capturing and releasing Meng Ho 7 times is to show the rebel leader that he can rebel 100 times and Zhu GeLiang can defeat him 100 times. Meng Ho's self-confidence is completely destroyed and his ability to raise another rebel army is also destroyed. Nobody is stupid enough to follow a rebel leader that always lose in battle. That is why Zhu Ge Liang is the best military leader to defeat insurgents.

[@Blitzo2876]

I am from South China. It is now called Guangxi. My family is right on the Vietnam border. :)

[@002starboy]

Then 95% you are the decendent of the Baiyue bro.

[@hagongda123]

@@002starboy Yue is a wrong classification

[@charleshoang7363]

Those land belong to Vietnam,the French who ruled Vietnam ceded to Quing dynasty in 1885.

[@jurtra9090]

Any Dynasty Warriors fanboy here?

[@thusspoke08]

Feel the power of my magic!

[@levynous4500]

yep！

[@anicitra5927]

Cao cao #1

[@robwalsh9843]

I never stopped loving the wussy cries of "OH!" when you swat down enemy soldiers.

[@rodrigochiberioseixas193]

OH BOY!

[@deadlypanter2048]

Found this video from steam where 3 kingdoms made an post about this video. It is so cool that they did a shout out for a creator

[@KingsandGenerals]

Really good marketing team :-)

[@ajithsidhu7183]

@@KingsandGenerals can u don one on xiromh ,dong yi ,beidi and others

[@lunharphalanx0259]

@@KingsandGenerals Why Didn't You Mention Philippines Do You Hate Us

[@cratoss.4772]

If it weren't for kings and generals I'd never have known of this. Thank You for making such interesting content guys.

[@TheFFFF3]

Great illustration and explanation thank you

[@keieichsee]

I agree entirely with what one other viewer says: a masterpiece. I've never come across a 'narrative' from the West which so succinctly summarises the history of these Southern Barbarians. The Chinese do have their own narrative but they have never been able to produce one which looks at it from another perspective. You have managed to do just that. Hats off to you, Sir. One piece of linguistic evidence which says a lot on the difference between the Northern Chinese and the Southern Chinese: words of present day spoken Chinese (Putonghua) never ends in a consonant. This is the same in the case of Japanese. Present day Cantonese (my second language) have lots of spoken words which end in a consonant. This suggests that Cantonese, as is spoken now, is actually an 'adulterated' version of spoken Chinese from the north. My ancestors most likely adopted (willingly or otherwise) Chinese as their own and lost their original tongue in the process. Something like that happened in the case of the Scots, I think. How many of them are still able to speak Gaelic these days?

[@Berekusu]

Mandarin has plenty of words that end in "n" or "ng" sounds though like 三，上，山，天，人，胖, etc maybe if you exclude those two final consonants then sure...

[@fanzhou2078]

the ending consonants in cantonese actually indicate that cantonese is closer to middle chinese than mandarin - these ending consonants constitute a tone lost in mandarin well-recorded in rhyme books as the “entering tone”. what is closer to the truth is that mandarin is an adulterated version of middle chinese, though of course in reality both languages have been adulterated from their middle chinese roots. it is just that cantonese is less adulterated. (the southern min dialects are the least adulterated). in any case the formation of these languages will have been long after the assimilation of the southern barbarians into han-ness - for example the biggest tonal discrepancy in cantonese from middle chinese, the existence of a middle entering tone, had already come into existence in the song dynasty.

[@samgyeopsal569]

@@fanzhou2078 thanks for writing that, now I won’t have to do it. It was quite shocking that OP called Cantonese “adulterated” and Mandarin is somehow “pure”. And now I’m just laughing because the whole notion is absurd.

[@jenniferpark2553]

u dumb AF

[@alvinlin8140]

@@samgyeopsal569mandarin isn’t “pure Chinese”, it’s just a northern dialect

[@zhasilo]

There is a problem in the video, in fact, the migration from Fujian to Taiwan occurred earlier (about three thousand years before the video is mentioned), there are a series of sites in Taiwan that are classified as the Dabenkeng culture, the earliest of which is about 7000 years ago, and sites with similar characteristics have been found along the coast of Fujian.

[@trisblackshaw1640]

Your artist's depiction of that dragon-summoning ceremony will prove the stuff of my nightmares in dreams yet to come. Great video, guys, as usual.

[@otgunz]

it is nice to scare you with paper and ink! Thanks for watching! :)

[@trisblackshaw1640]

@@otgunz I assume you are the artist? Your work is excellent. Congratulations!

[@leehaseley2164]

As a long-time resident of Northern Thailand and a speaker of Northern Thai, it never ceases to amaze me that I can converse with ethnic minorities in China, Laos, and Việt Năm without switching language. Speakers of central Thai , Chinese, or Vietnamese can not do this.

[@tamamatu6395]

OMG! King and Generals talking about my ancestors the Austronesian!

[@SeleucusNicator]

Even though I'm part Chinese, I wasn't really interested in Chinese history until Creative Assembly announced the next major Total War game would be focused on the era of the Three Kingdoms a few years ago. Thanks to them and your videos, I've broadened my horizons and learned about the Han Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and many of the great figures of the Three Kingdoms. I hope you continue to make great videos like this for many more years to come!

[@ExcelonTheFourthAvalonHeirs]

In the name of Communist Party, you're under arrest.

[@ExcelonTheFourthAvalonHeirs]

@Remo Gaggi What?

[@ExcelonTheFourthAvalonHeirs]

@Remo Gaggi That is very strange. Even someone who love foreign culture, the history of your own kind should be "glorify" *cough* American *cough*

[@anhlam7131]

Kinh Vietnamese are not related to Han Chinese. But some Southern Chinese are related due to common ancestory of Bai Yue/ Bach Viet tribes. Cantonese for example are a mix of Han (Qin Dynasty) and Yue tribes. Kinh Vietnamese are admixture of two Bai Yue/ Bach Viet tribes that used to live in Southern China. The Ou Yue/ Au Viet and Luo Yue/ Lac Viet. More likely mix between Tai-Kadai/ Kra-Dai and Austroasiatic speaking people.

[@nak.lanang]

Base on DNA viet people are definitely relate to han chinese, for bai yue i think they are ancestor of austronesian people who spread to oceanic island

[@NgTye]

​@@nak.lanangnope base on DNA viet people definitely relate Thai people

[@ulysesjoos6628]

The drawings and animations are top notch! love the style

[@otgunz]

thanks

[@levietkhuong6264]

So great when have some guy know original of vietnamese more detail than almost local. You get my respect.

[@phongduong7486]

Ò đúng thiệt :)))))))

[@yeudoi66]

Le Viet Cuong Vietnamese was too busy fighting for our history lol

[@maxdc988]

Nowadays, we have that tool called internet. lol

[@vaevictis5878]

Can you do a video on Pompey and his conquest of the east?

[@zylbygdfn6542]

Hahaha hahaha

[@GMAN_INK]

This was super interesting! As a descendent of the FuJian and GuangDong regions this was really eye-opening and very cool to watch as an Asian American.

[@laiyuzeng8195]

I'm a Malaysian Chinese, My dad's Hakka, my mom is Teowchew, we live in the North of Malay Peninsula where Hokkien is the dominant dialect among the Chinese community. I'm the 3rd generation to be born here. My ancestors came from Southern Part of China, Somewhere around the Fujian County around 1900s. Since small, I was exposed to Hokkien, Hakka, Teowchew and Cantonese. 2016 I visited Vietnam, I'm surprised by how similar the language sounds to me even though I cannot understand what they say. We also have a big community of Thai here in the North of Peninsula, the way they speak intonation wise also very similar to the dialects :)

[@jvhousing5576]

hello fellow Yue from Vietnam (Yuenan)

[@laiyuzeng8195]

@@jvhousing5576 sincao :)

[@jvhousing5576]

@@laiyuzeng8195 Xin Chào =))

[@danielzhang1916]

most Chinese diaspora came from Fujian and Guangdong, it's actually spelled Teochew

[@millburray6676]

2:52 thank you for including this part. The modern China espouses the line that theyve been one great unified country for all of antiquity when in reality they were very much more diverse than

[@maxdc988]

Not unlike the British, French, German, Russian etc. Many people who have really looked into the history of China especially online would have come to the conclusion that there were more people perished in China in the past than anywhere else on earth. So your assertion that China had claimed that they were a unified country historically was a BS. You are probably the only person who was in the dark about the hundreds of ambitious Chinese dynasties and rulers. Every (most) Chinese in the world today would know from their elders that China was a very divided country with many wars. Even many online games were based on Chinese ancient wars. China was at her weakest when they were so divided, hence the valuing of unity and stability in the Chinese population today.

[@kawings]

No wonder when i hear vietnamese speech and cantonese it sounds simillar in pronunciation. Thanks for food of thought

[@jesjes5255]

nothing like each other. However there are strong Chinese cultural influences... imperial attire, use of chopsticks and the Vietnamese used Chinese writing before the alphabet. Halong in the north of Vietnam means descending dragon in Chinese. Thai does sound a lot like Cantonese.

[@hentype]

@@jesjes5255 you just contradicted yourself. Nothing like each other yet lots of similarities lol.

[@anandakang]

Gotta give huge props to Devin for constantly striving to get the Chinese and Vietnamese pronunciations right in this video (with the glaring exception of Meng Huo, although I'm certain the error wasn't his fault). My father is Chinese with Minyue ancestry and my mother is Filipino so it looks like I'm of Yue descent both ways. Great video, very informative, thanks for putting this obscure but interesting bit of history out there.

[@DerivativeDrivel]

Awesome video as always!!! Nitpicking here (aka unnecessary extra context/details): While geographically, the Wu/Jiangnan region is frequently depicted as part of Yue/Baiyue on maps, in reality the region was only briefly conquered and absorbed into the Yue cultural tradition (though influenced nonetheless). Historically, culturally, linguistically, and genetically, the Wu region was almost always within the sinosphere of Great Plains China, albeit on the periphery. The Yangtze area was already colonized since the Shang era by a branch of the Zhou royal family; Wu state was founded by Taibo, uncle of Wen of Zhou, who later conquered the Shang and started Zhou dynasty. The connection between Wu and Baiyue is tenuous at best, and Nanman completely separate. Archaeological evidence supports the early presence of Yue-like peoples in the Zhejiang area, but they were likely driven out or partially assimilated even before the Spring and Autumn period. However, Wu was indeed conquered by Yue after King Fuchai of Wu's betrayal by King Goujian of Yue, backed by the more powerful Chu state. Ironically, Yue was in turn also conquered by Chu shortly after, and their people fled back south to Fujian/Guangdong. While the Yue presence and influence in the Zhejiang/Shanghai region was short lived, somehow Wu and Yue are still often conflated to this day. In practice, the various similarities in culture, language, cuisine, etc. between the various tribes, minorities and modern nationalities of South China/Asia (Cantonese/Yue, Min, Zhuang, Viet, etc.) do not really include Jiangnan culture. In fact, more likely (and lesser known) connections can be made with other sinoxenic groups - ancient Japanese practices bore many similarities to the Wu; the earliest recorded name for Japan is Wa/Wo, and those tribes themselves claimed to descend from Taibo; the oldest system for Japanese pronunciation is Go-on (Wu sound), preceding Kan-on (Han sound), and To-on (Tang sound); and even today Japanese and Wu dialects have noticeable overlap in some vocabulary, cognates, tones, pitches, accents, etc. (as well as with Korean and Middle Chinese). Genetically, Wu/Jiangnan people are coherent with the rest of Han population, and fall between the northernmost and southernmost populations - so they can hardly be considered part of the Yue/South cluster. Keep in mind, most Chinese belong to Han haplogroup(s) i.e. direct male line, due to the long process of southward colonization described in the video. Baiyue ancestry is therefore primarily found through mtDNA (matrilineal descent) or autosomes, and this research does indeed indicate high levels of this ancestry in e.g. modern Cantonese populations, i.e. descneded from male Han settlers intermarrying with the conquered, local Yue women. Speaking broadly, the Jiangnan/Shanghai region seems to have always found itself in a liminal state of affairs; since antiquity existing on the line between "North" and "South" China, and in modernity becoming the most prominent interface between Chinese and Western culture. It's really refreshing to see such a well-researched video on little-known aspects of Chinese history. Would love to see more episodes on the different sub-groups and sub-cultures in China - there is so much more depth behind the apparent monolith that the rest of the world sees!

[@DerivativeDrivel]

Another point is the legendary metallurgy also mentioned in the video, was in fact a feature of multiple kingdoms during the Spring and Autumn period (Chu, Wu, and Yue) - and was likely a direct result of geography i.e. access to higher quality copper and tin deposits, bodies of water, etc. as well as culture ("water spirits" inhabiting the blade can be interpreted as a superior method of quenching bronze). Famous swordsmiths of the time were known to travel in search of optimal locations close to ore and water, and settle there to practice their art - often moving between kingdoms in the process, and taking their skills with them to serve under the protection of the local ruler.

[@vannamnguyen8182]

Ancient Vietnam was a combination of the Lac Viet and Au Viet tribes to form the Au Lac clan, to establish the Xich Dem state, and later to Van Lang. During thousands of years of building the country, nearly half of the time was under the slave domination of the North (Ancient China). Vietnam was suppressed for a total of 1,000 years by the domination of ancient China. A lot of historical culture and customs have disappeared. The ancient Chinese forced the Vietnamese to learn ancient Chinese characters and live according to their customs. Avoiding assimilation and forgetting their origins, the ancient Vietnamese relied on ancient Han characters to create a language called Hán-Nôm, pronounced by the Vietnamese way of calling Han. The peak was in the years 1426, after the Ho dynasty fell into the hands of the Ming, and the Ming dynasty burned and destroyed all books and customs of the ancient Vietnamese.

[@vannamnguyen8182]

I really feel sorry for the Vietnamese people. Through many wars and yoke of domination the slavery of the foreigners

[@vannamnguyen8182]

The ancient Vietnamese are Matriarchs. Women benefit greatly. However, it was later dominated by the North (Ancient China). Because Confucianism was too intrusive. So gradually change. Besides, the beliefs of the old Vietnamese were all living beings. Worship all kinds of mascots

[@roadlife4372]

biased

[@nganguyenthi4736]

@@tanyeweestudent6856 well it was origin nam viet but qing reject fearing we claming southern china lol , let be real vietnam wont claim southern china too much han

[@louyht7]

@@vannamnguyen8182 At least we don't have to wear pony tail like the Han 😂

[@WCChang-wl6cl]

This explained why I found amazing particular similarity in accent when Cantonese and Vietnamese spoke English, which is quite different than Mandarins Chinese speakers.

[@tingtingnoy3133]

Also similar to Lao language, thai language is simple Lao language mixed with Khmer. Even though Zhuang is considered a Tai-Kadai language when I listen to it, it sounds more Vietnamese.

[@calvinl9426]

I speak both Cantonese and Vietnamese, and yes Cantonese and Vietnamese have many same or similar words

[@vovanminh999]

Geneticly Cantonese people are more close to Vietnamese than Han people since 2000 years ago , we were close to each others from the South China since Han people the invaded the South , most of the Yue people and Cantonese people were one of them , you guys were assimilated by Han people , and most of you today think that you are chinese but you are not , most of you might mixed with Han today , but you are still keep your language and culture , from others side , Vietnamese ancestors were ran away from Han people , we ran to the north Vietnam today , and we are live there since then , Han people tried their best to invaded us many times , they were tried very hard to assimlated us but they can not do it , even like 1000 years under their rules but Vietnamese ancestors were still resisted , since then we were getting bigger and expand more to Southeast Asia to avoid Han people , and we also took a part Champa kingdom and kherme kingdom .

[@紫玉光墨]

Well Khmer and Vietnamese are from the same language forefather

[@mantapdjiwa9768]

@@vovanminh999 LOL

[@muhammadmahirrahman4341]

Yong kai, Gao Ding and Zhu Bao was participating in Campaign Against Zhuge Liang with the aid of Menghuo a Nanman Local tribe.

[@UnearthedScat]

This is exactly what I was looking for when I saw the Nanman DLC coming. I didn't know anything about them and wanted to educate. This is the best video I have found so far! Thank you Kings and Generals and Total War for sponsoring it! :)

[@eugeneng7064]

Fun fact: Nanman words are not only a substrate in the southern Sinitic languages, but also do have a presence in the northern varieties. One example is 江 pronounced 'jiang' in Mandarin and 'gang' in some form in the sourthern varieties. This word is such a common word that no one notices it is a loan and considered so Chinese that you can see borrowed by Korean and Japanese as 강 (gang as in Gangnam, the area south of the river) and こう (kō) respectively. It even displaced the Sinitic word 水 from it's original meaning of 'river' and took the meaning of 'water'. This must have happened very early on, as both Korean and Japanese borrowed the character to represent water sometime in the 7th Century. As a person who speaks Hokkien, it is quite astounding to hear some similarities with Vietnamese words sometimes. 'Dam' is wet in Hokkien, and it is rather similar in Vietnamese. I now wonder what words might be Tai-Kadai/Austronesian/Austroasiatic loans when I speak.

[@TheXanian]

The word for river in Zhuang is "dah", and has nothing to do with "jiang" or "gang". The word for river in Hlai is "nom", again quite distinct from "jiang" or "gang". You shouldn't generalize, not all Baiyue people spoke the same language. It's possible that "jiang" or "gang" wasn't borrowed from Baiyue, but from some other tribes situated closer to the Central Plains, like Hmong-Mien for instance.

[@eugeneng7064]

@@TheXanian From 'The Austroasiatics in Ancient South China: Some Lexical Evidence' by Norman J. and L.M. Tsu 'We now come to old AA (Austroasiatic) loan words in Chinese 江 krong/kang/chiang 'Yangtze River', or 'river' @River in Mon-Khmer: VN (Vietnamese) sông; Bahnar, Sedang krong; Katu kurung; Bru klong; Gar, Koho rong; Laʔven dakhom; Biat n'hong; Hre khroang; Old Mon krung. Cf. Tib kluri 'river'; Thai khlɔ:ŋ 'canal' [...] 'We will now try to show the Chinese first came into contact with the Yangtze in Hupei, anciently part of the Ch'u Kingdom. This must be the region where the Chinese first came into contact with AA's and borrowed chiang from them. [...] Textual and epigraphic evidence indicates the word chiang came into the Chinese language between 500 and 1000 B.C. Mao Heng's commentary to the Odes also assigned all poems celebrating the southern conquest to the reign of King Hsüan (827-781 B.C.). The first half of the Millenium B.C can therefore be taken as a tentative date for the AA presence in the Middle Yangtze region.' Also did you even read what I said? 'I now wonder what words might be Tai-Kadai/Austronesian/Austroasiatic loans when I speak. '

[@TheXanian]

@@eugeneng7064 I've read what you said and I think you shouldn't lump all southern languages together. 江 isn't a Tai-Kadai word nor an Austronesian word, but only Austroasiatic. And yes I agree that it's likely from some tribes in Hubei, hence closer to the Central Plains than Baiyue.

[@eugeneng7064]

@@TheXanian I think you're missing the point. The point is it still isn't Sinitic and I wonder which words aren't Sinitic when I speak.

[@TheXanian]

@@eugeneng7064 You can't just label all Non-Sinitic languages as one group, since they have many differences among themselves too.

[@ianchen9217]

thank you for covering this. Most westerners believe all Chinese speak Mandarin or "Chinese" but in reality most southerners have a different mother tongue that is very different from Mandarin. Also, even to this day, southerners look a tad different from the Northerners. The language I speak now Cantonese is somewhat related to Vietnamese. I would still argue that Vietnamese is part of Sino-Tibetan.

[@jvhousing5576]

Hey fellow Cantonese, ur distant Vietnamese relative here =))

[@khangaroo8166]

vietnamese was influenced a lot by the chinese language, but its not sino-tibetan since its root is more similar to mon-khmer, but picked up many chinese words along the way

[@Charles-bz8px]

Vietnamese use a lot of loan words from Cantonese.

[@hentype]

Cantonese is a Han language, but it has a huge Viet/Yue vocabulary due to history.

[@ryanchiang5370]

15:53 these tigers looks so fluffy and cute LOL

[@jimtim8805]

Hey..I was also thinking the same thing while watching this. Haha.

[@sitoudien9816]

The ancestor of Pokemon

[@dwchen1]

This is the first time ever I have watch or read such Chinese tribal history in minute details from the very start of their history to our modern 21st century today. What a fine video you had here with beautiful graphic depiction. Before I watch this video I only know about Chinese minorities from scattered sources in here and there, but don't have a detailed complete depiction of their history. Example of Dayak people in Kalimantan island where I lived today, everybody knew that their ancestors are from Taiwan but that's it, but now I know more about them that can be link up to southern part of Mainland China, especially their tribal tattoos. Thanks again for this fine and informative video.

[@inneisoc5138]

welcome to southern part of Mainland China Welcome to travel

[@gold-toponym]

Dayak are asiatic which received Austronesian cultural shift, demic infusion and assimilation. But their genetics show heavily asiatic genetic markers and were the original large inhabitants along with Malaysian, Indonesian, Khmer Mon, Viet Cham descendants that pushed out the Negritos. Later these people received mixture of other Yue peoples -- the Tai, Austronesians, Sino-Tibetans and the like. Most people have an Austroasiatic marker, even Cantonese. This indicates that Baiyue "hundreds of Yue" show that we were all related or shared cultural similarities within pre-Han Southern China--or Yue. Yue includes general groups of Tai, Austronesians, Asiatics, Hmong Mien, and others.

[@userfriendly37]

We are call “Hmong” but the Han Chinese label us as “Miao”. I’m glad your channel brought some light to this because I’m from an indigenous tribe, Hmong people are descendants of Chi You! So this makes a lot of sense.

[@sebastianvaldez4662]

the connection between them and the ancient austronesians blew my mind

[@xXxSkyViperxXx]

the ancient rice terraces in the philippines is basically the same as the smaller rice terraces in fujian province of china and the tattoos of baiyue statues there look the same as the tattoos of indigenous groups too in the philippines and all other austronesian groups

[@my_other_side473]

Wet Farming, Tattooing, Sea Fearing, Blacking of teeth are Austronesian Culture. The Baiyue were Proto-Austronesian Tribes of Vietnam.

[@SuryanChandra]

@@my_other_side473 I read some research paper about the pre-historic Vietnam and according to archeology results in Red River Delta area of Northern VIetnam, the inhabitants of the area were Mon-Khmer people, probably Vietic branch. The Kra-Dai substrates were found much later during the time of Dongson culture. Many rthnic groups in Vietnam share the tale of their origins being 2 different groups of people, with one migrated from the sea to intermix with the native. Kra-Dai might have been a branch of Austronesian languages closely related to Malayo-Polynesian branch according to Sagart. The Kra-Dai languages are relatively new compared to Proto-Austronesian (around 3000-3500 years ago, coinciding with the establishment of Chu state in south China, and with intense contact, Austronesian languages can easily acquire tones, just look at Chamic language in Hainan, the only tonal Austronesian language.

[@richardmurphy9006]

Fascinating never heard of this but then China has stunning civilizations

[@FreeCatVideos]

yes and they destroyed them because they are seen by the han chinese as savages and barbarians.

[@Shadow12_40]

I am belong to Bru / Riyang /Siang people group ....we are staying now North East India ..... I am listen from my Grandfather ...our ancestors are from yangtze kiang river basin & Yunan in south china ...present day....❤❤❤

[@Gloriosus]

Thank you, that was fascinating. My maternal grandmother was a Khasi woman from North East India. I mentioned this to a Chinese teacher, and she said they are related to the Miao. However, I have not been able to find any documentary evidence about that. You mentioned the Miao, and linguistic pockets scattered around. The Khasi greeting is "Khublei" - perhaps it is a link to China and Kublai Khan, who knows.

[@youngboi3727]

Khasi people are Mon-Khmer people and closer to Khmer people of Cambodia. They are not related to Miao people. Where do you live now?

[@Gloriosus]

@@youngboi3727 Thank you for your reply, Young Boi. I live in Scotland.

[@kagar3465]

I from Cebu Island in the central Philippines and my ancestors the Sugbuanon people were called "Pintados" by the by the Castilian Spanish and called Cebu island "Las Islas de los Pintados" (island of the painted ones) because they were covered in tattoos from the face to the feet and they also blackened their teeth as a beauty standard and to preserve the teeth by applying a tar-based coating that the early Visayans called "Tapul". They were also skilled sailors who regularly raided the Fukien coast southeast of China... I believe, one of the tribes of the hundred yue is where my ancestors come from.

[@tingtingnoy3133]

In Siamese manuscripts, the Siamese called the Lao people who lived in northern Siam as the “Lao Thong Dam” or Black belly Lao people Bc they tattooed there bellies and thighs, the Siamese called the people who lived in Laos the “Lao Thong Khao” or white belly Lao Bc they tattooed the chest and shoulders not the belly.

[@kagar3465]

@ddx That is very interesting. What are these boats called? We call the small outrigger canoes "bangka" mainly used for fishing while the bigger outrigger ships are called "karakoa" mostly used for searaids and trading. I imagine there would be some language correlation between Austronesians and Austroasiatics but I don't have any information about this.

[@MrMcNeillNZ]

As a Polynesian, I often hear of how our ancestors had come from China and I've never seen any similarities in our languages or culture. These Nanman people seem to have similarities though

[@ali40589]

Of course you descended from us Southeast Asian and these people are obviously related to us.

[@BarHawa]

Same here!

[@ColoniaMurder20]

those tattoos tribe in south china is very close to bisaya warriors in the philippines.. even ancient tattoos method is still alive here.. bisaya warriors always raid coastal area in china during pre colonial..

[@formosan]

Maybe a few thousands years ago before they settled in what is now Taiwan and ventured out from there to Southeast Asia and the Pacific. The "Out of Taiwan" theory ties it all together -- the cultures, languages, genes, etc.

[@danielzhang1916]

they came from what is now Fujian / Taiwan, "southern China" back then was not the same as today, the aborigines in Taiwan are the descendants of those who stayed instead of migrating south long ago

[@DucDuni]

Very good work overall. One thing missing is the part after "the sack of containing 100 eggs from which 100 children were born". Half of them went to mountain, and half of them went to the sea which I think is very interesting. Because if you look at the migration wave in South East Asia, we had 2 waves. One wave went to the west which has more land and mountains. And one wave went to the east which is sea and islands. I'm just guessing but the hypothesis is everyone in the SEA came from the same ancestors.