NASCAR Fan Blown Away By BREATHTAKING Rally Belgium Helmet Cam

original - - • Video
TIP JAR - - - - - Thanks Button Above
This will help improve the channel greatly, New webcam for better videos, Wheel for the hotlaps, or you can just buy me a cold drink 😎 I APPRECIATE YOU
Send us Stuff!! 😋 IWrocker 5225 Harrison Ave PO box # 6145
Rockford, IL 61125
Discord - - IWrocker KZbin - - / discord
LIKE and Subscribe! Have a great Day!
*Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. No copyright infringement intended. ALL RIGHTS BELONG TO THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS

[@karolcherry6875]

I totally agree with your opinion. While I'm super impressed by F1's speeds and engineering. The sheer thrill of watching these guys bolt these cars flat out through forests, streets towns and remote cliff hanging roads on different surfaces (most of them loose) is just unmatched and mind blowing. Rally drivers and co-pilots are a different breed ! 🏎

[@IWrocker]

Exactly! 🎉😎 I have come to love both sports but rally is just WOW!

[@zygarde2162]

@@IWrocker to sum it all up, F1 is mostly about the cutting edge engineering technology and rallying is about the drivers with the biggest and hardest balls of steel😁

[@alemultijet]

Dopotutto è lo sport automobilistico più spettacolare al mondo 😄😍

[@syx3s]

anyone else finding themselves ducking their heads trying to see under the sun tint?

[@brandontoler2382]

I put my sunglasses on

[@laserpanda94]

I kept tilting my phone 😄

[@burnrubber7547]

Yes lol.

[@Dudeist87]

yep

[@ftumptch86]

Not just me then 😂

[@MrSuperfuzz79]

Bloody hell, this is insane. I love F1 but these guys are just as brave and talented. And shout out to the co-driver, you must have complete faith in your driver. I get worried in the passenger seat when my wife drives. 😂😂

[@kiddalingur]

i know this route through video games, good grief this Helmet cam view looks Cool as Hell

[@freethinker--]

That video cured my tiredness 😲

[@skaruts]

In rally the faith goes both ways, though. One error from the co-driver can land them in the ditch. They both have a lot of faith in each other. It's complete teamwork, really.

[@kiddalingur]

@@skaruts Yes it is

[@kiddalingur]

@@skaruts the co pilot is always screaming (Left 2 right 1 left 3) something like that, team work makes the dream work, with out him the driver would be driving solo on memory only, not happening

[@David_Dewitte]

Thanks for showing a Belgium rally stage. Welcome to the Belgium roads 💪👍. Love your work btw 👊👍💪

[@toomasargel8503]

Yes there are "stages" roads like by 20km 30 durns no borning at all even if drive usal trip.

[@stonedmountainunicorn9532]

Dutchy here, if you know how it feels to drive over those roads normally, you get even more respect for flying like that

[@DJChappie001]

lol yeah. As a Belgian I immediately know when I cross the border because of how smooth my ride gets. xD

[@anth5189]

These guys are on another level. The accuracy and skill required is unbelievable. These guys are the greatest drivers there are.

[@SosaKinkos]

F1 drivers are the best. That’s the pinnacle. End of

[@drugsincheetobags9409]

@@SosaKinkos You guys are so close-minded lol. Racing and Rallying are two extremely different disciplines that require a whole different set of skills. WRC drivers and F1 drivers are the best drivers in the world but in other ways. Ogier or Rovanpera would never win an F1 race the same way Hamilton or Verstappen could never win a WRC stage

[@SosaKinkos]

@@drugsincheetobags9409 Agreed, I don’t think they could do each other jobs. All I’m saying is f1 drivers are the pinnacle. They’re driving the baddest of the bad. There is also a point to be made that there is 20 of them. That’s it.

[@damien281]

@@SosaKinkos do a couple of those 20 even belong there though

[@drugsincheetobags9409]

​@@SosaKinkos Well whatever mate. F1 drivers are the best RACING drivers and WRC drivers are the best RALLY drivers. F1 is the pinacle of motorsports as a whole but it doesn't mean rallying on the highest level is any easier

[@sashi4440]

My dad had an escort mk 2 from 1976 to the early 90s. Awesome car, very good handling. Also very small by today's standards.

[@ZIGZAG12345]

Worth an absolute fortune in the UK now!

[@Slaphappy1975]

That was truly spectacular motor sport action. Thanks to everyone who suggested it 🔥🏎️

[@eeriggione5559]

Last years all WRC-WRC3 cars had paddle shifters, but due to regulation changes for this season those were banned. Also aerodynamics were drastically "nerfed" kinda like in F1. Still straight sequential box tho. Great vid, as allways🤘

[@Rhythmattica]

You can see the seq-shifter move with every paddle shift... and he uses the stick shift also in the vid ! Best of both worlds.... What a drive... what a car.

[@benoitpisarchick6866]

Hey Bro, starting the video i was thinking "hmm man these roads look like my area" few seconds later i saw the title and YES!!! it's Chimay where I'm from. So funny!!😂 And yes i confirm these roads are really narrow with lots of tricks even if you are driving normally. Thank you for this one. Always a pleasure to see your vid and your enthusiasm.

[@Xaid0nTT]

Rallying is the ultimate form of car control in motorsport in my opinion, the drivers and navigators are ballsy af, and are the second craziest drivers, after the guys that race in the IOM TT.

[@jordivivessalva8253]

Hola: Te das cuenta ahora, del porque de los aficionados en las carreteras. Tengo 74 años, empecé a ir a ver Rallys i subidas en cuesta con mi padre, a los 14 años, pues en aquellos años, se hacían un montón de Rallys durante el invierno. Incluso estuve en el Coll de Turini en el Rally de Montecarlo, del año 1972. A disfrutar del mejor espectáculo de de coches, y tener en cuenta, que los tramos cronometrados, solo se pasan una o dos veces, y son de 12, 20, 30, o más km. por esto el copiloto, canta la ruta durante todo el tramo. Saludos desde Barcelona.

[@thomass613]

When I was a co-driver in rallies eons ago, we had reached speeds of up to 170 km/h. And we were driving a "slow" VW Polo 86c. Unfortunately, I couldn't do that for long because I always got motion sickness. 😔 By the way, in this video, the two guys are traveling at a maximum of 200-220 kmh.

[@DpMario11]

The fov and fish eye makes it seem more crazy than it is. Don't get me wrong, it's still quick and impressive, but the fov and lens just amplify the effect.

[@Gr8Buccaneer]

crossing the tiniy brigde was freaking tight,never saw a rally cam that clear,great video and reaction!!!

[@paulroberts3550]

Like you said, helmet cam makes it pretty realistic, lets just imagine its recorded on a VR cam, watching this on a VR headset would be insane. The only thing it cant replicate is the focus, cam is fixed focus, but when driving you are looking ahead to turn points and continually zooming in and out to where your focus needs to be. but still that was a pretty wild and cool ride.

[@Freakwave26]

Can we appreciate the fact that at 5:16 he even has time to wave the fans?

[@stuartlaw9407]

It wasn't a wave. At that point there are spectators right in the path not stepping back quick enough.

[@laserpanda94]

I think he was frustrated with them tbh

[@lalogal]

You have to check out Petter Solberg and Phil Mills record setting race in the 2004 rally Finland. SS Ouninpohja. Subaru WRC. Great sound and many jumps. A joy to listen to Mills navigate.

[@RSMotorsport74]

Totally agree.

[@psilocyble3053]

Although I'm more of a rally fan too, you have to appreciate that in F1 a lot of the danger is from the other cars on the track.

[@Angel-fz8dr]

Oh man, there are so much better rally onboards. You are in for a treat! I can suggest Mr. M's channel. Amazing collection.

[@CaptianInternet]

What the heck?! It looks like played in double speed. That is thrilling just by watching. I cant imagine how it must feel.

[@kevo6190]

Now I miss my old Esky! This was a good one mate🔥🤣🤘👍

[@freethinker--]

Had a Mk1 Mexico,I miss her too 😢

[@steveo6944]

These guys have some talent & to have that level of commitment to drive at break neck speeds. Toral respect.

[@zygarde2162]

Loving the content selection. I think it’s easier for a rally driver to get into a F1 vehicle and be competitive than the other way around. The best rally drivers have the advantage of being used to going fast on various and changing surfaces, ultimate car control and managing a ton of distractions simultaneously (crowds, random obstacles like animals and the navigator providing notes constantly). The great ones adhere to the philosophy of “when in doubt, go flat out!!!”

[@aeromacin]

the craziest part , besides the speed and talent and everything, the cam is on the drivers helmet, so its basically aiming where hes looking, hes not looking left right left right lef right, thats all coming from the trust in his codriver. the trust those 2 guys have to have with each other is mind blowing

[@nickmitchell6443]

This is a 1970s car with mod-cons, a British classic 👌

[@petenikolic5244]

That is why Rally drivers are the Ultimate drivers the not only handle speed but rough roads at almost F1 Speeds

[@tnightwolf]

I love F1 and WRC for different reasons, but make no mistake: the amount of engineering, research and technology that goes into Rally (mostly if not all into WRC) is pretty insane! I still remember an article i read more than 10 years ago detailing why a WRC built-car could easily cost 600.000 dollars (at the time they used the Ford Focus as an example) and despite not being as high-tech as F1, if you take into account the different types of roads, how irregular and brutal those roads can be for a car, the speed-burst and top-speed you gotta have to navigate them, all of it while still making a car robust enough but also flexible enough to have minimal replacement-parts (while literally taking a beating) every part of every stage for several days... that's a HUGE accomplishment imo!

[@AngryPostmanStockholm]

Sabbath Bloody Sabbath on wheels. The sheer acceleration..damn! it schlungs that thing like a catapult! Skilled as hell, not a little mistake..instead of 'overdo' (most often approaching a turn ) he kept the perfect pace and kept that flow so good - Respect and almost tears in my eyes. What took it above the most today was the sound! TOTAL RACEY oldschool, for reference: "Oh dear god" 🥴

[@jim-bob-outdoors]

Rally drivers are some of the most skilled car guys on the planet.

[@steverobey711]

Hi coming from Nottinghamshire I used to live in a village surrounding forests and when they used to do the rally stages it was awesome doing speeds 70+ and you can hear them coming The Escort went like crap of a shovel as you pointed out in this awesome video i have watched all the rally's I was freaking gutted when they Banned Group B Rally Cars 700 Brake horse power Was music to my ears All the best from Nottinghamshire 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍

[@theoteddy9665]

we can argue about f1 and rally all day, but the size of balls these guys have is undisputable!

[@DJChappie001]

I see Belgium, I upvote.

[@allanbiggs751]

200 + mph helmet cam is the most intense way of watching rally. It's my favorite way watching

[@shaggings]

That was probably closer to 150, just wide FOV makes it look even faster than it is.

[@brianpartridge803]

@IWrocker you need to come to the Killarney Historic rally in November/December to really appreciate how good an Escort sounds, the classic BDA is the best sounding 4cyl engine ever, then you have Modified Escort with more modern engines ( Millington) , the extra speed / sound is UNREAL, NO video will ever capture the reality of sound/ speed the modified cars have.

[@DJChappie001]

Unfortunately last weekend 2 spectators died in Belgium when a car missed it's turn during one of those rally's.

[@Mark-mu4pj]

Really cool camera view, thanks for all the videos ✌️

[@jakethorpe1088]

what we would all give to have videos with this camera tech and video quality from group b and that super insane ari vatanan 'dear god' manx rally run

[@mikealphapappa2491]

Anyone else got a moist and toasty mouse now? Caused by the sweaty death grip you’ve just applied on it while watching this absolute madness? Just flipping awesome!

[@Robalogot]

These roads here are why hot hatchbacks are so popular here. It's so tempting to drive somewhat sporty.

[@tdkyt46]

He's even driving on the proper side of the car. This is great. But also can we agree its funny af he pulls the shift lever as well at some points

[@allanpolk2681]

This Ford Escort isn't your garden variety Escort. It's probably got a 400 HP or better engine, and suspension like crazy to do what it's doing. Top rally drivers are probably the best drivers on the planet. It's crazy how fast they go on the thinnest ribbon of road, and for the most part maintain control over jumps through tight curves, and often changing from. a dirt road to a paved road or a gravel surface, all of which cause the car to handle radically different from one surface to the other. IT'S INSANE ! ! ! One of the major differences of rally to most other styles of racing is that you are not trying to dodge other cars at the same time.

[@wimve4719]

Love racing as well (from BE). Never saw the video before, until it popped up in my feed. Watched it with some friends and decided to ride the parcours by bike (bycicle 😛). Man, this is scary. Getting through this without crashing is indeed insane ...

[@HansLundell-xc6kp]

This is the sheet Awesome driving. Awesome view Awesome sound! This is how a car shall respond and sound. 💥❤️

[@XenonArcher]

so its a sequential escort, but modified. looks like theres a paddle attached to the gear stick that the driver can use to change gear without removing his hand completely from the wheel. thats awesome honestly

[@euhm]

Those roads make rally in Belgium so fun to look at and to do. And they are everywhere. Once you get off the big roads you will immediately get on to these roads (like you saw on the video). One car wide, if a bicycle passes, you have about 50cm once the tires off your car touch grass to let the cyclist trough. Two cars can be a problem especially if there are ditches next to the road. And usually, there are. What is also a bit strange, on most off these roads you can drive quite fast. Some are 50kph max, some 70, but most have none. Which means you can do the national speed limit and that is 120kph. In a normal car that is a speed nobody ever does. Most drive between 30 and 70-80, depending on conditions/dangers. That's why I drive a Citroën AX GT around here. Small, but fun and fast. Check out this video off what a Citroën AX can do, only 2.20 minutes and the sound/noise is fantastic 4 cylinders, guessing 150 horse about 600kg. Small front wheel drive rocket. I've put a space between www. so youtube hopefully doesn't remove this post. www. kzbin.info/www/bejne/lZLConaerM16nLM&ab_channel=100octanede

[@abbykeyzer]

How did you get your license because what you wrote is totally crap about the speed limits.

[@baylessnow]

At 5:03, whilst you were talking about how fast rally cars travel I suddenly thought how interesting it would be to have a rally car on a NASCAR track. Imagine the navigator reading the pace notes out to the driver. "OK, shortish straight, going into very long left turn and long fast straight, flat out into long fast left. Long fast straight, flat out into long fast left. Long fast straight, flat out into long fast left" and repeat, .... for the next few hours! 😆

[@fangerdanga]

I used to own one of these a very very long time ago. I had a MK2 1979 RS2000 but in 4 door instead of the normal 2 door version, only 500 were built and they were only available in Australia.

[@bobm6016]

Regardless of the sport, skill is skill and always deserving of recognition.

[@shaundevlin3905]

It's the width of the track that makes it seam like their travelling so fast and look intense. Widen the track by 2x or more and it won't seam so intense. In saying that, I'd say the rally drivers would have to be the most skillful drivers in the world of any car racing code I can think of.

[@P0intL3ader75]

Usually a good indicator is the gear at use in a road race race car is that your around 200 km/h (125 mph) around mid to low revs on 4th gear. Sometimes you actually see the gear he's in.

[@davemadman7093]

Awesome driving man🤣👍loved every part of the track.

[@aziyaeddin]

One of the best rally stages in the world. Check out other drivers doing the same stage.

[@enmrtln9958]

I'm you like inside cam, watch "Nissan 200SX on slippy Nürburgring Nordschleife" absolutely crazy. This guy drive a commercial car at his limits, in vans, no glove, no protection. Crazy video :)

[@Tacko14]

That steering wheel plus gadgets looks very fanatec club sport :)

[@iloveucupid]

has anyone been starting their morning with one of this guys uploads? great and consistent content my guy! you should react to the pagani huayra r. sounds better than the Lexus LFA impo.

[@robmadaffari6270]

was interesting watching the stick shift, active with the paddle shift. Great vid

[@histriamagna1014]

Hat down for the co driver for not throwing up while reading the book and being thrown around trusting the driver.

[@BernardoCup98]

Man if you like those adrenaline rushes, just check Mr. Keiichi Tsuchyia driving his 86 on a touge run

[@koomaj]

It is crazy to even think anything would be faster than this, and then WRC car comes around the corner.

[@RSMotorsport74]

You should check shoulder cam onboards from MotoGP. They are insane too. Also MotoGP is coming back to Australia this weekend after 3 years break. Definitely worth to look at it too, because Phillip Island is one of the greatest track in the calendar. :)

[@Xaid0nTT]

Just curious, have you reacted to Mark Higgins driving around the Isle of Man TT circuit? If you haven't you should, its epic.

[@IWrocker]

I have 🎉it is beyond epic!! 😎🎉 Type in IWrocker Isle of Man and I should come up on search

[@MostlyPennyCat]

The speed you're looking to describe is, "at full chat"

[@JuKopra]

This just makes me think how awesome people are

[@Marco-zt6fz]

Rally Races are realy cool to watch. Its driving on the limit.

[@mattyt5605]

Love your vids. This is so different from F1, and if you ask me rally drivers are crazier. They're nutz.

[@ToastedBread12]

I’m from belgium, i love to drive quickly on small roads around here at night 😉

[@simonatkinson6389]

Both F1 and Rally are so cool for different reasons. F1 is all about precision and accuracy where Rally is all about being flat out and sideways riding the absolute limit of grip. Rally gets my vote as it's more savage than F1.

[@jahanlon]

Saw this the other day but had to see your reaction too. Looks like they have both a paddle shift and a stick shift, you can see the stick move then he changes gear

[@Nostromo1966]

Ford Escort 348 hp, 1.025 kg.

[@michaeltempsch5282]

7:08 where you thought he'd lock up and spin - Scandi/Scandinavian/Finnish flick, aka pendulum Turn. Well described on Wiki...

[@BarstucksCoffee]

Gotta keep in mind some parts of those courses run right by people's houses, so that's another added layer of risk

[@kriketo]

This seems to be an escort mk1 wich, yeah, its a small and light car, i dont know about this one, but it used to have a 1600cc 4 cyl engine, and also, if through the camera its intense to the point you can even get exhausted just seeing how fast and wild everything happens, just imagining how hard has to be to drive like that, on a road that most people wont go faster than 60km/h, and this guys fly through at a speed between 150-200 km/h is sick!

[@norbertlevas3819]

I agree with ya 100% 😎 he’s insanely fast indeed 👍😀

[@Tacko14]

I have a dvd on Colin McRae, it came with Dirt Rally Legends. Couldn’t believe what I saw. Downhill twisty stuff, he just went full throttle, made it look like a straight. I couldn’t do it in the game, he did it for real

[@jamescurrie7678]

That would make for the greatest Uber ride ever definitely get a 5 ⭐️ review 😂

[@JanHejn]

If you have a racing wheel (which I fully expect you to have :D) try Dirt Rally 2.0 it is the closest you can get in virtual. Quite immersive imo. Similar Escort is there and its wild but most mental part are the Group B cars

[@skaruts]

In-car views feel vertiginous af, and I love it. :)

[@IanDarley]

I sat in a mk2 Escort recently and I'd forgotten how tiny they were. I am a bit of an ape, but I was still shocked when I could touch the passenger door with my elbow from the driver's seat with just a slight lean.

[@formatique_arschloch]

I would love to drive one. My brother had one 20 years ago and then they were dirt cheap. Now they are super expensive and pretty rare.

[@LeonardoG1981]

Wide angle lenses (wider than 50mm) make it look faster and it makes the road look narrower; it is the use of lenses with a focal length above 50mm equivalent that would make it look slower. I learned to appreciate rally after trying Dirt Rally simulator and even more after Dirt Rally 2 on a wide FOV VR. I cannot imagine how much more extreme it feels IRL.

[@ErictheRedCantona]

Great driver and great reaction!

[@SUPRAMIKE18]

On that big straight was at least 120-130mph

[@SharonD369]

Wow never seen this vid before, what an adrenaline rush 👌👌👌 You should check out the ProDrive Subaru take on the TT course.

[@dennisnijmeijer1978]

Lock9TT is a fabulous channel. You should really check out some of their roadracing videos.

[@henrikloiske8572]

In fact several formula one drivers have confessed that driving a rally car is the absolute top level of madness....

[@astrajim]

you can define race car drivers in different categories, where the F1 drivers are the sharp dressed sleek looking superstars of racing, and the F1 cars are the ultimate racing machines. however! Rally drivers are wild feral beasts dropped in from another void, best to avoid contact-type of racers. I appreciate F1 a lot, but Rally is really out there in the wild, and in my opinion, rally-drivers are a totally different bread all-together.

[@bfulks2001]

I have never seen a car with a paddle shifter and a stick. It tripped me out seeing the shifter move when he hit the paddle. I wonder how many rally crashes there would be without the co drivers.

[@niallrussell7184]

this is why i always preferred Rally over F1, especially the alpine stages. driver + car pitted against a brutal stage. no BS team orders or crazy first corners like F1.

[@jeeveseventynine9263]

@Iwrocker Sense of speed on camera depends on FoV (field of view). Wider feels faster. You will notice in wide FoV that every turn looks like it has the same curve, in front is small and everything wizzes by on the sides. I prefer the wider view, this one's fov is very high though, and remember that this looks faster, smaller and distorted (fishbowl effect). You should try a simracer in VR once, the feeling is definitely there. Your brain will fool you those are your real hands, and you are inside the car.

[@richnegs5828]

People do work in fast motion! The reflexes to do that? Fkn unit.

[@Jaibee27]

Motogp is on in Australia. U have to see it on the Phillip Island track. U can tell a good track by watching motorcycles because u can see how tight the turns are by how far they are leaned over. At Phillip Island they are constantly shifting full lean left and right while drifting and making passes and they enter the straight at well over 200km/h. In a way the track is a bit like Nascar as the track is made for constant overtaking.

[@gregorturner9421]

hope they have a moment of silence for the young rider who died earlier in the week. Bloody hell his mum just died as well, suffered a heart attack two days after his death. Victor Steeman was his name.

[@conallmclaughlin4545]

Alot of Irish roads are like this, rally is huge over here too, as well as road racing bikes. Think that's why us Irish have so many rally drivers and such successful motor bike racers.

[@Ethrax2]

Ireland, Scotland, England, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Estonia have very similar conditions, and they all produce some awesome rally drivers year after year. Ireland probably produces more biking champs tho.

[@IWrocker]

Love to hear it!! Life goal of mine to Visit Ireland!!!

[@conallmclaughlin4545]

@@Ethrax2 very true, Joey Dunlop loved Estonia too

[@eoinmcauley2050]

They say Ireland is like Finland with tarmac. Okay, not as fast and wide but the sweeping fast corners and huge crests with all different grades of tar(shiny, abrasive) makes stages here extremely unpredictable and a gift to watch and compete, which is why it’s so popular. The national championship is full of highly modified and purpose built “mk2 escorts” just like this one.

[@popcornshiner3937]

Dude that was crazy. Bigg cahoonas for sure

[@Classic_cars1958]

To me the best thing about rally is that some point about trusting our people.

[@lbergen001]

Brutal!!👍👍🇧🇪🧡

[@syx3s]

rally is so much more of a test of a driver than f1. f1 they memorize the track and freaking giver. the top drivers are all basically at the same skill level so the cars really dictate the victors. in high end rally they never see the same corner twice in an event (if you don't include recce which you shouldn't). they encounter hundreds and hundreds of unique elevation changes, corners, obstacles, etc.. they're driving on different surfaces and surface qualities which tend to change over and over during a single stage. in my opinion top tier rally drivers are far more talented and get payed considerably less money which is a shame.

[@philippegohier6992]

There is a pov angle take make the car look pointy at the front, so the road is not that skinny. Also the shifter pedal is fix on the base , not in the wheel, pull gear go up , push gear go down. On only on left side.

[@Neawoulf]

This sure isn't slow, but it's not as fast as it appears in this video. This was recorded with a very wide angle action cam, maybe around 130, 140 degrees, maybe even more, which causes a lot of visual distortion on the outer parts of the image --> makes everything look a lot faster and narrower, than it actually is. In games there is always a mathematically correct field of view which is different for almost every user, because it depends on the size of the screen and the distance you're sitting away from it. This video is definitely way above that mathematically correct fov unless you're sitting a few inches in front of a big tv. Still a cool video and definitely not slow.

[@Howiehamster]

These are single track country roads and he’s probably hit in seven is 80s on his country roads crazy

[@jlhenriques1965]

See vídeos about the New World Champion Wrc, the 22 years Finnish, Kalle Rovanpera on a Toyota Yaris WRC hybrid.