National Interest

This Lecture talks about National Interest.

[@nehaaggarwal7460]

National Interests can as defined as the claims, objectives, goals, demands and interests which a nation always tries to preserve, protect, defend and secure in relations with other nations. Thank you ma'am for explaining so well.

[@Neha_Gupta2001]

Thank you mam for such an informative session & making things easier to understand!! By national interest we mean anything that is good or beneficial for a nation or that gives it an advantage. Its a dynamic concept as a country's interests changes over time . Policies regarding national interest depends upon the country's government or bureaucracy . Significance of the concept lies within the ways in which it helps in Maintenance of law & order in country in domestic realm & Ensuring nation's safety in internation realm , its need to secure independence , sovereignty, economic interests, military setups. There are various Criteria for defining national interests : 1. Ideological 2. Moral & legal 3. Pragmatic 4. Bureaucratic 5. Foreign dependency Acc. To Hans Morgenthau , the vital component of of the national interest is that a foreign policy seeks to secure are survival or identity. He further divided identity into PHYSICAL, POLITICAL & CULTURAL IDENTITY. Interest that are vital for survival of nation states are more important than the rest. However in the changing or the contemporary world there's a need for change in outlook. As such, along with the promotion of their national interests , the nations must try to protect & promote common interests in the larger interest of whole international community.

[@chetnatomar6248]

National interest is a key concept in international relations. All the nations are always engaged in the process of fulfilling or securing the goals of their national interests. The foreign policy of each nation is formulated on the basis of its national interest and it is always at work for securing its goals. It is a universally accepted right of each state to secure its national interests.a state always tries to justify its national interest. Thank you for this lecture Ma'am

[@komalmishra6407]

Thank you so much ma'am for the lecture 🙏 great work 👏👏

[@sonakshisaroha2168]

Classification of National Interests: In order to be more precise in examining the interest which a nation seeks to secure, Thomas W. Robinson presents a six fold classification of interests which nations try to secure. 1. The Primary Interests: These are those interests in respect of which no nation can compromise. It includes the preservation of physical, political and cultural identity against possible encroachments by other states. A state has to defend these at all costs. 2. Secondary Interests: These are less important than the primary interests. Secondary Interests are quite vital for the existence of the state. This includes the protection of the citizens abroad and ensuring of diplomatic immunities for the diplomatic staff. 3. Permanent Interests: These refer to the relatively constant long-term interests of the state. These are subject to very slow changes. The US interest to preserve its spheres of influence and to maintain freedom of navigation in all the oceans is the examples of such interests. 4. Variable Interests: Such interests are those interests of a nation which are considered vital for national good in a given set of circumstances. In this sense these can diverge from both primary and permanent interests. The variable interests are largely determined by “the cross currents of personalities, public opinion, sectional interests, partisan politics and political and moral folkways.” 5. The General Interests: General interests of a nation refer to those positive conditions which apply to a large number of nations or in several specified fields such as economic, trade, diplomatic relations etc. To maintain international peace is a general interest of all the nations. Similar is the case of disarmament and arms control. 6. Specific Interests: These are the logical outgrowths of the general interests and these are defined in terms of time and space. To secure the economic rights of the Third World countries through the securing of a New International Economic Order is a specific interest of India and other developing countries.

[@komalrajbir2412]

Anything that is good or beneficial for a nation of that gives it an advantage. Nation's most vital needs or goals. Thank u so much ma'am for this very informative lecture nd helping us 👍👍

[@dikshagupta8934]

Thanku so much mam...i understood everything.very good explanation that the word interest implies a need that has, by some standard of justification, attained the status of an acceptable claim on behalf of the state. On the other hand, the national interest is also used to describe and support particular policies. The problem is how to determine the criteria that can establish a correspondence between the national interest expressed as a principle and the sorts of policies by which it is advanced.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The most common objectives are maintaining good relations with other countries, protection of ideology, welfare of people, enhancement of national prestige and power. Each state defines its objectives to suit its national interests.

[@himanshusingh5188]

Great experience mam thank you 🙏🏻

[@surbhibhatia2037]

complicated by uncertainty, inner struggle, sensitivity, misunderstanding, and inexperience in playing new and difficult roles.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Aristotle defined political science as "the study of the state". Western political thought has served as a philosophical and ideological foundation for governments around the world, including the United States. We give you historical, social, and cultural context to relate to contemporary political society.

[@saavisharma895]

National interests are a public declaration of a country’s needs and intentions based on an assessment of the current situation. Firstly, it establishes a hierarchy of foreign policy priorities to avoid the ineffective use of resources and overextension. Secondly, an official or semi-official statement of national interests puts reasonable constraints on the government, which often uses foreign policy to gain political advantage over the opposition. Thirdly, national interests ensure both continuity and timely adjustment of key aspects of the policy. It is particularly important that proper definitions contained in official documents prevent the state from turning foreign policy into a continuation of domestic policy. declaration of national interests as a foreign policy instrument can be effective if there is a balance between a state’s ambitions and its guarantees to refrain from zero-sum games. Thank you mam

[@surbhibhatia2037]

National Interest, often referred to by the French expression raison d'État ( transl. "reason of state"), is a rationality of governing referring to a sovereign state's goals and ambitions, be they economic, military, cultural, or otherwise.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

A state 's national interests are its primary goals and ambitions (economic, military, or cultural). Foreign policies are implemented to ensure that these national interests are met.

[@sonakshisaroha2168]

Over almost three decades, The National Interest, founded in 1985 by Irving Kristol and Owen Harries, has displayed a remarkable consistency in its approach to foreign policy. It is not, as the inaugural statement declared, about world affairs. It is about American interests. It is guided by the belief that nothing will enhance those interests as effectively as the approach to foreign affairs commonly known as realism-a school of thought traditionally associated with such thinkers and statesmen as Disraeli, Bismarck, and Henry Kissinger. Though the shape of international politics has changed considerably in the past few decades, the magazine’s fundamental tenets have not. Instead, they have proven enduring and, indeed, appear to be enjoying something of a popular renaissance.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Political Science majors develop excellent critical thinking and communication skills and, more broadly, an understanding of history and culture. Even more broadly, In Political Science, you'll study everything from revolutions to political parties to voting behavior to public policy.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

National interests are topics that are of significant economic, political or social interest to a nation. For example, trade of softwood lumber is a national interest of Canada-so our politicians spend time working on trade issues with the United States.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The neglect of Indian polity is particularly striking and particularly serious, for apart from Western political thought it comprises probably the most extensive and most important body of political philosophy. Moreover, it is an integral part of the Hindu civilization of the past and the present. That civilization, as Radha-krishnan and Toynbee, among others, have pointed out, is alien to Western civilization, although there are many similarities.

[@raghavendrakcraghu1983]

Madam namaste ..very usefull Content of pol Sciences ..it is Better TO continued in English because it helps TO South Indian Students who do Not Know the HINDI ...KEEP ENGLISH ..NAMASTE MADAM

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The Arthaśāstra The Arthaśāstra (Sanskrit: अर्थशास्त्र, IAST: Arthaśāstra) is an ancient Indian Sanskrit treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy. Kautilya, also identified as Vishnugupta and Chanakya, is traditionally credited as the author of the text.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The National Interest (TNI) is an American bimonthly conservative international affairs magazine edited by American journalist Jacob Heilbrunn and published by the Center for the National Interest, a public policy think tank based in Washington D.C. that was established by former U.S. President Richard Nixon in 1994 as the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom.

[@NehaSharma-ni3un]

Thank you soo much professor🖤

[@ishitarai7755]

National Interest, often referred to by the French expression raison d'État ( transl. "reason of state"), is a rationality of governing referring to a sovereign state's goals and ambitions, be they economic, military, cultural, or otherwise. National interests are topics that are of significant economic, political or social interest to a nation. For example, trade of softwood lumber is a national interest of Canada-so our politicians spend time working on trade issues with the United States. The most common objectives are maintaining good relations with other countries, protection of ideology, welfare of people, enhancement of national prestige and power. Each state defines its objectives to suit its national interests.

[@irangomlehiekha971]

‘National Interest’ is a key concept in International Relations. National interests are a public declaration of a country’s needs and intentions based on an assessment of the current situation. Such a declaration performs several key functions. Firstly, it establishes a hierarchy of foreign policy priorities to avoid the ineffective use of resources and overextension. but simply put well-known interests in order of priority, substantiating their choice. Secondly, an official or semi-official statement of national interests puts reasonable constraints on the government, which often uses foreign policy to gain political advantage over the opposition.

[@hebrew1214]

Thank you.

[@ChangeMaker-gu6vg]

Thank u ma'am!

[@akashbhagat4511]

Thanku very much mam 🙏🙏

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Generally speaking,when we use the category ‘west’ we mean European andNorth American countries. In the modern times, most of the world was under thepolitical subjugation of these western countries for a very long time. So, itbecame imperative for the people of these non-western countries to read andcomprehend western political thought.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

National interest is the most crucial concept in international relations. It is the key concept in foreign policy as it provides the material on the basis of which foreign policy is made. While formulating foreign policy all statesmen are guided by their respective national interests. It is the purpose of foreign policy to conduct foreign relations in a way so as to achieve national interest to the maximum extent. But it is not easy to determine exactly what a nation’s national interest is. This concept is highly vague and difficult to define.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Political thoughts or political philosophy studies question about power justice right law and other issues related to governance. While some believe these concepts are static political thoughts ask how they originate and to what effect.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Conceptually, it is difficult to classify a thoughtas exclusively ‘Western’ or ‘Indian’, as very often we see a convergence betweenthe two. So,to look for an exclusively ‘Indian’ or ‘Western’ political thought isbound to be a challenging and at times a futile exercise.

[@sonakshisaroha2168]

Components of National Interest: In describing the national interests that nations seek to secure a two-fold classification is generally made: (A) Necessary or Vital Components of National Interest and (B) Variable or Non-vital Components of National Interests. (A) Necessary or Vital Components: According to Morgenthau, the vital components of the national interests that a foreign policy seeks to secure are survival or identity. He sub-divides identity into three parts: Physical identity. Political identity and Cultural identity. Physical identity includes territorial identity. Political identity means politico- economic system and Cultural identity stands for historical values that are upheld by a nation as part of its cultural heritage. These are called vital components because these are essential for the survival of the nation and can be easily identified and examined. A nation even decides to go to war for securing or protecting her vital interests. A nation always formulates its foreign policy decisions with a view to secure and strengthens its security. The attempts to secure international peace and security, that nations are currently making, are being made because today the security of each state stands inseparably linked up with international peace and security. Security is, thus, a vital component of national interest. Each nation always tries to secure its vital interests even by means of war. (B) Non-vital or Variable Components of National Interest: The non-vital components are those parts of national interest which are determined either by circumstances or by the necessity of securing the vital components. These are determined by a host of factors-the decision-makers, public opinion, party politics, sectional or group interests and political and moral folkways. “These variable interests are those desires of individual states which they would, no doubt, like to see fulfilled but for which they will not go to war. Whereas the vital interests may be taken as goals, the secondary interests may be termed as objectives of foreign policy.” These objectives have been listed by V.V. Dyke and his list includes: Prosperity, Peace, Ideology, Justice, Prestige, Aggrandisement and Power. Though each state defines these objectives in a manner which suits its interests in changing circumstances, yet these objectives can be described as common to almost all states. Thus, national interest which a nation seeks to secure can be generally categorized into these two parts.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

American political scientists are still teaching courses labeled “Comparative Government” with little or no attention to the government and politics of the largest states of the world today, and they are still teaching something called “Political Theory” or “History of Political Thought” with no more than casual reference to the ideas underlying non-Western civilizations.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Basic features of Indian and western Political Thought: A comparative Analysis 3institute of Lifelong Learning university of Delhiusually bear the risk of being reductionist and essentialist. When it comes to analyse the basic features of the Indian and western political thoughts, such task becomes even more problematic.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Basic Features of Indian and Western Political Thought: A Comparative Analysis3institute of Lifelong Learning, university of Delhiusually, bear the risk of being reductionist and essentialist. When it comes toanalyse the basic feature of the Indian and Western political thought, such taskbecomes even more problematic.

[@manisharajput8885]

Mam please continue in hindi also

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The National Interest (TNI) is an American bimonthly conservative international affairs magazine edited by American journalist Jacob Heilbrunn and published by the Center for the National Interest, a public policy think tank based in Washington D.C. that was established by former U.S. President Richard Nixon in 1994 as the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

American political scientists are still teaching courses labeled “Comparative Government” with little or no attention to the government and politics of the largest states of the world today, and they are still teaching something called “Political Theory” or “History of Political Thought” with no more than casual reference to the ideas underlying non-Western civilizations.