Please note: you are encouraged to comment and welcome to ask questions, but Tom does not monitor these posts and probably will not personally respond. -Ray
@smportier32042 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this series. fascinating history!
@rohanplantboyjames68122 жыл бұрын
I'm thinking an American white pine is not the same as a Kahikatea white pine that we have in New Zealand.
@paulkendra55042 жыл бұрын
Hi Tom , love your videos. Do you ever reply to comments?.
@deanomax692 жыл бұрын
Just tell him he’s doing good.
@cathiker3 жыл бұрын
Spending a day wandering the woods with this dude would be surreal!
@jcee22592 жыл бұрын
No, excuse me, but surreal is people exploring under that forest unknown to sunshine or starlight visits over wooded land. Because spelean growth is deeper than some people know.
@gdawg4ever1192 жыл бұрын
And a similar experience should be a class in school. But they don’t promote that type of thing. That type of thing helps promote self reliance and real education and they don’t like that ;)
@DaltonUber2 жыл бұрын
@@gdawg4ever119 Huh crazy I majored in Forestry and they taught us a lot of this.
@karenf91372 жыл бұрын
Agree. He's a bit Viktor Schauberger-esque in that he's a really observant, learned woodsman.
@brianbishoff1942 жыл бұрын
@@gdawg4ever119 I took a number of classes with Tom when I was in the Environmental Science program at Antioch New England and they were great.
@Firedog-ny3cq2 жыл бұрын
I have a friend who lives in southern Pa.and she has a full-grown American chestnut tree growing in her backyard. It has been estimated to be close to 400 years old and still produces nuts. She lets some of the nuts sprout in the soil around the mother tree and grow into 12" high seedlings which she then pots up and gives to her friends and visitors to take home and plant them where they live. It is an absolutely amazing tree and hopefully will be the progenitor for hundreds of other chestnuts to follow in her giant footsteps.
@ColdHawk2 жыл бұрын
Now that is a lovely story!
@rockjockchick2 жыл бұрын
I would love to grow one! I highly doubt my climate would be good for it though!
@denverbasshead Жыл бұрын
There's a big chestnut growing in my county of KY too. The state forest service have been doing plantings for a little while now around the state
@nicktheriault64763 жыл бұрын
I have hunted and trapped my entire life. I thought I had an appreciation and basic understanding of the woods... I was wrong. You sir had my full attention for the entirety of this video and I was amazed at how ignorant I have been while walking the woods. Thank you so very much.
@Travelling..Bottle..Digger2 жыл бұрын
I agree... I didn't know this type of knowledge was available until I stumbled upon one of Tom's videos
@AnythingOutdoorswithSteve2 жыл бұрын
hiking for years, greatly appreciated the knowledge dump!
@cacatr44952 жыл бұрын
@@AnythingOutdoorswithSteve *knowledge-share, not dump. A dump is that which is rejected, whereas the info here was *shared.
@kdavis49103 жыл бұрын
I'm very happy to hear the American Chestnut will recover. I wish I could live long enough to see them come back full force. I remember hearing about roasted chestnuts as a child and not knowing what they were.
@daphneraven67452 жыл бұрын
You may not have ever tasted roasted American chestnuts, but just before Christmas, you can often go into the supermarket and get European chestnuts that you can roast. They are a singularly rare treat, and well worth trying. :). Even now, you can still occasionally find some in the supermarket in the cooler section, Alongside fresh produce.
@stanlee22002 жыл бұрын
step on one barefoot and youll never forget the mighty chestnut
@georginacox72922 жыл бұрын
On Amazon they have them. Vacumn packed. Merchant Gourmet. Mushrooms too. UK.
@georginacox72922 жыл бұрын
Yes
@karlkahmann40353 жыл бұрын
I remember old men in Appalachia weeping at the recollection of Chestnut trees.
@scottjustscott37302 жыл бұрын
This is fascinating. The pre contact eastern forest must've been a truly wondrous sight to see. It's weird having this nostalgic longing for a place I haven't any hope of ever experiencing as I was obviously born a bit late. 🙂 And too far west.
@ColdHawk2 жыл бұрын
I get it too. It’s a weird feeling, missing something you have never experienced. It must have been incredible to walk this continent before the 1700’s.
@jangtheconqueror2 жыл бұрын
I live in the PNW and I just have this longing to see it before the Oregon Trail, see the locals fishing the rivers, which must've been huge and abundant then, giant forests (a lot of trees are still pretty big here though), with the mountains rising above them all. The area is still quite beautiful but the original landscape must've been amazing.
@mattregan91343 жыл бұрын
I have been hiking in the woods of PA my entire life observing old logging roads, stone walls, old stumps, etc. I thought I knew quite a bit about the history of the woods, but I have learned way more in the last hour watching these videos than I have in the last 40 years. Tom’s knowledge is really amazing. Great videos!
@RalphSampson...3 жыл бұрын
Georgia man here. When I was a kid, I used to come up with ideas about trees like this. I haven't played like that in the woods for decades. I still enjoy seeing moss and disfigured trees. Now, with this series, I will understand a little more of what I'm seeing. Thanks for posting.
@wizzolo3 жыл бұрын
I am speechless in front of the knowledge of this man, and the amount of informations a woodland area retains.
@wrongfootmcgee2 жыл бұрын
its amazing what you can see once you have the eyes for it eh? this video is a true treasure i agree
@tigerdefo4 жыл бұрын
Amazing I’ll never walk thru the forest the same again
@jollyjokress38524 жыл бұрын
Not on your feet I assume.
@jxk77123 жыл бұрын
Careful walking around with your head up. Kudos and enjoy
@douglasfry61122 жыл бұрын
Agreed
@jcee22592 жыл бұрын
@@jollyjokress3852 I've used my belly to go under low roots and SRT vertical equipment underground following roots of surface growth. Re: National Speleological Society, and presently a 2022 member of the NSS Wyoming Grotto.
@allenharris10692 жыл бұрын
What an amazing discovery. An accidental click of a mouse and I have found answers to questions I wonder about everyday when I walk in my local woods here in Wales. I'm 68 and still learning. Better than school . Thank you Sir. Looking forward to learning more .
@nigelnigelakiraakira2 жыл бұрын
That last tree he spoke about was hella resilient. It took a second for me to even understand what happened before he finished speaking about it. Very cool.
@hebasedd3 жыл бұрын
I very much appreciate pure knowledge, no bs, no subscribe, no "today we speak about.... sponsors...". Bless you man, you read the forest like a druid.
@marcgendron67452 жыл бұрын
We need more teachers like tom ! 👍👍
@trevordeane39403 жыл бұрын
As a forest person myself, I can appreciate this guys knowledge and love of woodland. Every forest has a story to tell if you look at it.
@finallyfriday.3 жыл бұрын
So simple, so genius. Take time, observe, contemplate, understand. 10 stars out of 10.
@ninjaatopedepower2 жыл бұрын
Thank you, what a pleasant surprise to listen to somebody who actually knows what he's talking about..
@CyPhi682 жыл бұрын
This man goes into the woods to talk about the forest. Bravo! I am a forestry graduate from Iowa State (a few decades ago) and you can't learn this in the classroom. I lived in eastern Virginia for about 30 years and now live in Lynchburg, VA. We have mixed hardwood in this area and a walk on the Blackwater Trail system through part of Lynchburg and out onto Percival's Island in the James River looks just like this. This system is well used and more cities would do well to fund and undisturbed, easily accessible area for walking, running and cycling.
@goognamgoognw66375 жыл бұрын
I watched your video with my chesnut tree. It is 4 years old, well taken care of. Right now it grew spring leaves. Chesnut trees have the fastest growing wood of any hardwood trees. It is also why they can get so big. My chesnut tree produces a wonderful aroma that perfumes the air even without flowers. My chesnut tree grew from a chestnut that germinated.
@elhombredeoro9552 жыл бұрын
Save it from the blight!!!
@SpicyTexan642 жыл бұрын
Which is where all chestnut trees come from in the wild.
@MarcFavorites3 жыл бұрын
So clearly described with no fluff. Thank you.
@lisathomas16222 жыл бұрын
I live in a forest in Maine and now I have a lot of new interesting information to think about when I walk through our bit of forest. Fun!
@seanrodgers18393 жыл бұрын
Fascinating. I have been watching one piece of forest grow and change for 50 years. I have learned a lot about forests and tree growth, just from observing. You have confirmed things that I thought and shown me much more about it. My bit of rocky forest looks exactly the ones that you show, except that I have never seen such large birch. I spotted rings of oaks and figured that they had been logged. What's bothered me is all of the trees dying.
@lotsoffish3 жыл бұрын
I honestly think this "Reading the Forested Landscape" series is the most interesting video I have ever watched regarding our Northeast forests. ALL your videos are great actually. Thanks for putting all the time and effort into this, it's much appreciated by this fellow forest fan in Cattaraugus Country NY.
@rangerstl073 жыл бұрын
Ditto
@douglasfry61122 жыл бұрын
Probably one of the most intriguing subjects ever.
@MichaelRHull-wy7wg2 жыл бұрын
I found this so interesting. He reminds me of a man I used to work with that was a forester in Wisconsin. Learned a lot from him as well
@justinsane3322 жыл бұрын
im in the adks and agree, this is a great series and learning so much!
@barahng2 жыл бұрын
Honestly I never imagined a video about forests could be so interesting or cover such a wide range of adjacent topics.
@siddascott Жыл бұрын
I have hiked woods all over the US, and as rewarding as each experience is, having this gentleman along the trail would be priceless. Thanks for sharing your knowledge and passion.
@mikelisacarb3 жыл бұрын
This video series is a dream come true. Tom Wessel's books were an eye opening experience for me, but I find these videos to be even more easy to digest. They seem to enter my brain in a different way than the written word and book illustrations. Now these videos will surely get me visiting the books again with more of an underlay on which to build additional knowledge. There is so much to take in!! My current favorite activity is to practice my guitar fingerpicking patterns endlessly and mechanically as I watch this. I already feel things getting better in that department too! LOL!
@mattmc1213 жыл бұрын
Great video! As a dry stone wall builder for 25 years in New England I have read every book and article I could get my hands on about the history of dry stone walls in New England, so this information really helps me connect some dots that I have puzzled over for many years while out trying to decipher the history of the woods. Here in Maine the snow will be gone in a few weeks and I can't wait to use some of what I've learned from these videos to get closer to understanding the past. Thank you!
@DerTintinfish4 жыл бұрын
Supposed to be finishing a research paper for an English writing class but I can't get enough of this content! so incredibly knowledgeable!!! I love just listening and learning. Oh how I would pay to see this in person...
@NewEnglandForests4 жыл бұрын
Don't worry Nate, we won't tell the English prof. :)
@johnbauby66122 жыл бұрын
I don't know how many times I have watched this and these vids . I love it / them. Simply the best. Eternal thanks
@jrebolledo19943 жыл бұрын
These videos are awesome. Nothing better than listening to an expert’s wisdom
@keensweep3 жыл бұрын
Awestruck at his ability to see back in time like that
@deirdrenewman64504 жыл бұрын
Your videos are the closest thing I have right now to being in the woods. Due to coronavirus I'm in my small city apartment dreaming of hiking. You've saved me. And I'm learning so much!
@NewEnglandForests4 жыл бұрын
Hello Deirdre, thanks for that wonderful sentiment. I guess I’m one of the fortunate ones who can still be out in a natural setting during these trying days (or, months!). It’s gratifying to know that these films are helpful to you. There are more coming, but you’ll be wearing out a pair of hiking boots well before they’re ready, I’m sure. Be well. -Ray
@deirdrenewman64504 жыл бұрын
@@NewEnglandForests I will keep that thought!
@kyriecollazoanderson9594 Жыл бұрын
How amazing it must be to be able to not only walk, enjoy, and appreciate the forests, but to also be able to see their stories 💙. Thank you!
@NewEnglandForests Жыл бұрын
Hi Kyrie... and now, practicing what Tom has taught, you can too! -Ray
@kyriecollazoanderson9594 Жыл бұрын
@@NewEnglandForests I'm certianly going to try!
@NewEnglandForests Жыл бұрын
That's great, walks can be so much more rewarding when you take the time to look at details in the forest around you. Have fun! And let us know what interesting things you find; you might inspire others to get out there and learn more too.
@sherriianiro7472 жыл бұрын
Wow! I have read many books about American woodlands and this video shows how important it is not to clear the forest because it is the fallen trees and stumps that rejuvenate it, while sustaining shrubs, perennials and groundcovers too. You see so many forested areas literally die out from no understory. Excellent series!
@WisGuy42 жыл бұрын
I started watching this video thinking it would be a good prompt for a nap, as I find certain KZbin videos such as knife making and Wood lathe project videos fairly quickly put me in a drowsy mood. To my surprise, on what I would have thought to be a relatively mundane topic, this video was actually pretty fascinating and kept my attention for the entire nearly 20 minutes. I subscribed to the channel as a result, even though it meant that I’m probably going to have to wait until bedtime before I get any sleep today.
@RoosterG33rs3 жыл бұрын
8:00 "Its hard to imagine trees of that size growing in our forests... and yet they did." What a powerful and unfortunate quote. To our forefathers the new worlds forests were vast and endless.
@TimSeburn2 жыл бұрын
Wonderful that this incredibly rare knowledge is documented for future generations.
@vonhammar7 ай бұрын
I love how he makes you see that everything is interesting in its own way
@hhwippedcream2 жыл бұрын
Thank you to the creators of the video and Tom for putting this level of education out. This is all fundamental information we all should understand about the places we live in and manage as systems within a landscape. What an incredible knowledge resource, and I am in a completely different eco region!
@DavidVanmeterDutch3 жыл бұрын
I so wish this type of video could be done for the west coast, specifically the Pacific Northwest. This is amazing content. Thank you for doing this series.
@rockjockchick2 жыл бұрын
I’m sure a lot of it is the same. Like seeing where logging or farming was done. You would have to adjust the winds since most of the winds would be blowing from the west (like for hurricanes possibly of other big storms), but most of it would be applicable to every forrest.
@robertchilds98093 жыл бұрын
I can't believe it took me this long to discover all of these wonderful videos! Growing up in rural Southeastern Massachusetts I've always been fascinated by the forest. Tom is one of the most brilliant narrators I've ever heard... In addition to his clear mastery of the subject matter! I'm looking forward to watching them all!
@sheilahenn85492 жыл бұрын
Thank you. Your information was very informative. There is nothing like walking through the forest. So many beautiful trees and plants to see.
@leostgeorge20803 жыл бұрын
I lived in Charlton MA. most of my life and behind my house was a tree with a branch that grew into a tree right next to it connecting the trees. It looked natural to both trees. But upon close inspection you could tell what tree it was first part of before joining the two trees. Never seen this before and i spent my life in the woods. Love the nature and wonder of the trees/plants.
@ColdHawk2 жыл бұрын
My son, who is six, loves things like that. Every time he sees trees that have grown together he gets excited and points them out. Once he spotted two trees that were intertwined while we were driving and asked me to stop. I couldn’t just then, or the next couple of times we passed the place. Finally, we were driving back from an appointment and though it was well below freezing we didn’t have to be anywhere so I pulled off the road. He gets out and goes bounding away through the park. When I catch up, he is standing next to two intertwined trees, that look like two people embracing. I say “wow that’s neat.” He punches me in the leg and says, “that’s you and mommy in the kitchen” and runs off back to the car. He had been saving that punchline for a while.
@FrostyCranmer3 жыл бұрын
This type of knowledge is priceless. So much respect !
@efuller67702 жыл бұрын
I have wandered around in woods and small stands of trees as far back as I can remember... grandad would go walking for mushrooms. These videos are the most dense information I have probably ever taken in. Lots of little things over years, and a lot of things I have seen and wondered why. Thank you for these videos they are much appreciated knowledge to be shared.
@bluwtrgypsy Жыл бұрын
As a New Englander, I just love and appreciate the information shared here. It's so clearly and well explained. Just enjoyable. Would love to walk the woods with Tom. With much gratitude.
@mawi11722 жыл бұрын
I loved this journey. You're a good speaker too! 😃
@brianbastarache60362 жыл бұрын
This series is OUTSTANDING! I am now very excited to watch other New England Forest Channel documentaries.
@johnshields6852 Жыл бұрын
Children should be taught this gentleman's valuable information, they'd learn the value of forestry and what could benefit their children's future.
@ColdHawk2 жыл бұрын
Holy cow. Three minutes into this and I will never look at the forest the same way. Haven’t thought of this in years but I remember being in a wilderness area within the George Washington National Forest, seeing a series of opposing scars on the base of trees and wondering what exactly had caused them. I know the area was once logged and marks from dragging trees out makes perfect sense now that I hear it. The area was so overgrown I just didn’t think of manmade marks, though they were almost certainly left before I was born! This video is like listening to an experienced forensic scientist take you through analysis of crime scenes.
@susanharris59263 жыл бұрын
Another great lesson about woods.
@mr.somewhere26786 жыл бұрын
From someone new to the region who’s getting to know the woodlands before the townships, I thank you👍🏻
@NewEnglandForests6 жыл бұрын
Hi William, Welcome to the region, it has a lot to offer. Tom Wessels has done a masterful job interpreting our forests, and this film is packed with great information. I hope you enjoy it and will be able to spend time in the woods applying the knowledge gained. Ray
@brocktoon82 жыл бұрын
Thank you SO MUCH for sharing your incredible wisdom!
@jakenguyen74632 жыл бұрын
Glad to know future generations may possibly be able to see such trees again.
@Reciprocity_Soils2 жыл бұрын
Wonderfully insightful stories and instruction on reading the forested landscape. Here's to more excursions.
@gilgoofthegrove50722 жыл бұрын
it's crazy how a forest can be connected and almost like one super organism =)
@ColdHawk2 жыл бұрын
I share your sentiment. This is fascinating. It is truly amazing how interconnected the life in a forest is, especially when someone like this gentleman helps one see the connections clearly. I am not sure that you needed an almost in your statement!
@mariaorellanarosales17612 жыл бұрын
This is so amazingly interesting! I will never see stumps the same way! Thank you!!
@sunspiral793 жыл бұрын
Great video...This is the type of thing that should be taught in schools The Chestnuts that were growing out of the remains of an older tree..How amazing is that? Thank you Sir
@erikbudrow12553 жыл бұрын
This should be mandatory curriculum in public schools. We need to understand and be able to interpret--and utilize--the information that land is presenting to us.
@getintothewildwithjeffruma87772 жыл бұрын
Wow This man knows his trees. I love walking in the forest and knowing by looking and the trees and landscape what happened in the past but he takes it to an expert level. I would love to join him on a hike. I hope he is right about the American Chestnut tree making a comeback.
@AGoodFarm5 ай бұрын
What a pleasure it was to watch and listen to. Always enjoyed the forests, but Ill never look at them the same again, in a positive way of course
@jonjessen2 жыл бұрын
This video is a gem for bonsai entusiasts. Thank you.
@BostonBonsaiIdiot3 жыл бұрын
Absolutely love this series. Thanks so much for sharing.
@jameshartsfield85852 жыл бұрын
Thanks for a very instructive video, and for the good news on the chestnut!
@annewitkowski75863 жыл бұрын
Excellent, clear explanations and photography.
@markgreen77013 жыл бұрын
My dad is a forester in Mississippi so I grew up surveying, marking and cruising timber. Never been to New England but I thoroughly enjoy your videos. Wish I could find someone who makes similar videos in Pacific Northwest forests as that is where I now reside. Thanks!
@jdhinckley19542 жыл бұрын
What a gift to share his knowledge with us!
@rodneywager21423 жыл бұрын
When I saw the thumb nail I assumed it was going to be about the way Indians marked certain things in the forest. Very interesting to watch and learn from from you. Thanks for sharing
@Illcastashadow1 Жыл бұрын
As a metal detectorist/colonial artifact hunter...this man's wealth of knowledge is a treasure in itself
@robwilliams55402 жыл бұрын
Fascinating ! Loved this. I will review all other videos. Thanks.
@vigunfighter2 жыл бұрын
I've wondered the woods of the highlands of the Mid-Hudson Valley since i was a kid old enough to go outside on my own (7 or 8) and I have seen all of the things Mr. Wessels talks about. So nice, fifty years on, to know the meaning behind what I've seen. Sincere thanks for the knowledge dump!
@sandy-sagerabbitvintage26812 жыл бұрын
Very interesting. I live in a log home that is made up of Chestnut in the highlands of NJ. Beautiful large logs I'm taking were part of this salvage. There are many Chestnut log homes in my area that were vacation homes turned into year-round homes.
@PlanetMojo3 жыл бұрын
The lines in the callus wood is a pretty awesome fact! I will use that in my woods to get a better idea of the history. We are in the remnants of an oak savanna (no pines whatsoever), and a lot of our trees have stumps that last a very long time like white oak and black locust. We are doing our best to restore the oak savanna, so I find this video series fascinating! Our woods was hit by the emerald ash borer about 15 years ago, and we have stump sprouts of the as all over the place - as well as the last of the standing deadwood. We are out of the original range of the American Chestnut, but I planted blight resistant seed from the American Chestnut Foundation and have three that survived. I just splinted one on my KZbin channel - the top of an ash killed by the emerald ash borer fell on it and pinned it to the ground 😐
@andrewhillerich48783 жыл бұрын
I have found five or so different locations in the catskills that have chestnuts still growing. None of them are giants though. I'll have to go back and see if they are dropping seeds and if they are re-sprouting from old roots.
@johnmarshall73572 жыл бұрын
Love this…. You are the Bob Ross of eco… learning so much and making it easy to understand . Ty
@boredwarlock52163 жыл бұрын
WOW! Really amazing to learn about stump sprouting and how resilient tress can be. Thank you for sharing!
@headfullofacid80883 жыл бұрын
Check out the ring of stump sprouts that sprouted up after the felling of the John Muir redwood in California. It’s amazing that redwoods logged hundreds of years ago are still alive and kicking. They are incredibly difficult to kill
@damonthomas89553 жыл бұрын
Wow! This is incredible stuff! I have spoken with lots of foresters, but I have never heard of root grafting between deciduous and coniferous trees.
@AdroitJake3 жыл бұрын
You are awesome! Knowledge is beautiful. Passing that knowledge on.....even better! Thank you
@keithwhittington13222 жыл бұрын
Thanks, Tom. Much appreciated.
@barahng2 жыл бұрын
Kept getting this recommended, never clicked because I thought a video about trees wouldn't be that interesting or stuff I already know. Boy was I wrong, now I want to go out in the woods and apply these techniques!
@WilliamHunterII3 жыл бұрын
Really wonderful three part series, Professor Wessels. Reminds me of some of my Botany classes as an undergraduate at Clemson.
@randyconnor-ks6og3 ай бұрын
wow another gift from our neighbors. the dimise of the chestnut. thank you over seas.
@vince1472 жыл бұрын
Has Tom Wessels ever had the chance to meet with Bernd Heinrich? I like the idea of the two of them walking the woods together. They both seem to have such beautiful mycelial minds.
@davidvaughn77522 жыл бұрын
Brilliant! Thank You, Tom!
@mattrussell12123 жыл бұрын
This is incredible. Its amazing that I've never learned about this. Truly inspiring...
@kimberlywynn47635 жыл бұрын
Thank you thank you thank you for putting out valuable content like this! Brilliant!
@MrChipBryant2 жыл бұрын
Oh my, you are very smart and I'm so glad I've found you as a resource. Thank you for what you're doing. How refreshing to find this topic and to start a new learning experience!
@OzerBergman2 жыл бұрын
This series is fascinating. That Tom Wessels sounds amazingly like Vin Scully makes it even more of a pleasure to listen to.
@thefisherking782 жыл бұрын
What incredible insights! I walk in the woods all the time and apparently I've been completely oblivious to most of the signs.
@oregondude94112 жыл бұрын
Wow just found this channel. I never knew forest forensics even existed. I immediately went and purchased your book on Kindle. Thank you!
@stevejette23292 жыл бұрын
Dude - They have TREES in Oregon !! Big trees. Lots ! Do we have an Oregon Tom Wessels ?
@timtrainor9720 Жыл бұрын
I'm so glad to now know this, thank you for your dedication. Wild should wild remain.
@Teddymav2 жыл бұрын
This man is a treasure.
@garymcaleer61122 жыл бұрын
Superb lessons. Thanks, Tom. I pray all is well.
@alsiciliano41462 жыл бұрын
Awesome!!! Talk about a person in mentally and physically in shape .
@Leafgreen19763 жыл бұрын
What a wonderful speaker you are.
@StarGapFarm2 жыл бұрын
I agree about the chestnut. It will develop resistance. I've seen old chestnut logs here in the NC mountains and burs with seed. Most rot-resistant wood I've ever witnessed.
@mid-westbigfootresearchers86652 жыл бұрын
This is so cool! Never knew Chestnut Trees got that big! ~thanks!
@robhead222 жыл бұрын
I love this video! You are a living treasure sir!!! Thank you!
@jameswistman74793 жыл бұрын
marvelous. many thanks for your educational efforts!