Number Game in Coordination Chemistry | Explained by IITian | Jee Mains, Advanced | NEET, AIIMS

Hello Guys, in this lecture, we are going o explain differents number in coordination chemistry.
Coordination Chemistry:-
In coordination chemistry, the coordination number is the number of ligands attached to the central ion (more specifically, the number of donor atoms). Coordination numbers are normally between two and nine. The number of bonds depends on the size, charge, and electron configuration of the metal ion and the ligands.
Typically the chemistry of complexes is dominated by interactions between s and p molecular orbitals of the ligands and the d orbitals of the metal ions. The s, p, and d orbitals of the metal can accommodate 18 electrons. The maximum coordination number for a certain metal is thus related to the electronic configuration of the metal ion (specifically, the number of empty orbitals) and to the ratio of the size of the ligands and the metal ion. Large metals and small ligands lead to high coordination numbers (e.g., [Mo(CN)8]4−). Small metals with large ligands lead to low coordination numbers (e.g., Pt[P(CMe3)]2). Due to their large size, lanthanides, actinides, and early transition metals tend to have high coordination numbers.
Oxidation Number:-
The oxidation number of the metal can be obtained by taking into account the charge on each ligand and the overall charge on the complex. Let's look at [Fe(CN)6]4-as an example. The charge on Cyanide is -1, but we have 6 of them, so the total charge on the ligands is -6. Now the overall charge on the complex is -4, so: (Charge on Fe) + (-6 (from 6 Cyanides) = -4(overall charge). Therefore, the charge (oxidation state) on Iron is (-4+6) = +2.
EFFECTIVE ATOMIC NUMBER (EAN) The sum of the number of electrons, donated by all ligands and those present on the central metal ion or atom in complex is called as effective atomic number (EAN).
Generally EAN of central metal ion will be equal to the number of electrons in the nearest noble gas.
If the EAN of the central metal is equal to the number of electrons in the nearest noble gas then the complex possess greater stability.
EAN = [(atomic number of central metal) - (the oxidation state of the metal) + (the number of electrons gained by the metal from the ligands through co-ordination)]
EAN= [Z metal - (ox.state of the metal) + 2(coordination number of the metal)].
for example. [Co(NH3)6]3+ →EAN = [27 - 3 + 2(6)] = 36
Rest other topics has been discussed in details.
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