The Destructive Power of the Lionfish | Alien Ocean

[@OctopusLady]

EDIT: HEY. ARE YOU ABOUT TO LEAVE A COMMENT EXPLAINING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VENOM AND POISON? Well. Stop. Don't do that. I am now fully aware of the difference between them, as addressed here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/g2GWkKCshNRqb8k Uh oh. Um. Y'all. I-I dunno what happened, but -- hey stop that! -- but there are a bunch of lionfish -- DON'T EAT THAT! THAT'S NOT FOR YOU! -- there are a bunch of lionfish taking over my Patreon right now! Help! Can someone help me get rid of them? www.patreon.com/theoctopuslady OH NO THEY'VE SPREAD TO MY TWITTER ACCOUNT, TOO! AUGH! THEY'RE EATING ALL MY TWEETS! twitter.com/theoctopuslady

[@InfinityOrNone]

You didn't find a name for the lionfish's toxins because their venom is (like that of most venomous creatures I'm familiar with) a complex cocktail of high molecular weight proteins and enzymes. So you can't just list it as a single chemical, and the chemicals themselves have rather long formulae and names, so trying to read off their full names and formulae would be well and truly beyond the ability of any TTS pronunciation aid.

[@ramonsanchez6903]

Lionfish their can't used for naming the toxin we could guess maybe?

[@crusher9z9]

You can in fact eat a king cobra snake venom is usually not poisonous.

[@crusher9z9]

If you have an ulcer it will kill you though.

[@Kai-lg8ib]

FDA calls lionfish toxin ciguatera.

[@thewiredfisherman7139]

They dislike the lionfish so much they believe it doesn't deserve the right to have its venom be named

[@AsmodeusDHare]

Perhaps each variety has a different chemical make up but has near identical effects. So instead of tracking Hydrophenicide, Hypefenitaliic acid, ogreonionofide, etc. It's all lionfish venom. (Yes all the toxins I named are randomly made up except for the third. XD

[@timallen7162]

I believe it's because their venom is nearly identical to cobra venom

[@fuckYTIDontWantToUseMyRealName]

@@timallen7162 LOL WHAT? No. Here, I'll just copy-past for you: Lionfish venom is primarily composed of heat-labile proteins and peptides, including neurotoxins, cytotoxins, and enzymes. These toxins are injected into their prey or potential threats through the spines located on their fins. Lionfish venom causes intense pain, swelling, and can lead to systemic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and muscle weakness. It is not typically fatal to humans unless there is an allergic reaction or secondary complications. On the other hand, cobra venom is a complex mixture of proteins, enzymes, peptides, and other bioactive components. Cobras inject venom through their fangs when biting. Cobra venom contains potent neurotoxins, such as alpha-neurotoxins and cardiotoxins, which affect the nervous system and cardiovascular system. The effects of cobra venom can vary depending on the specific species, but they often include respiratory paralysis, cardiac arrest, and potentially death if not promptly treated.

[@timallen7162]

@@fuckYTIDontWantToUseMyRealName my bad ig the article I read was wrong

[@JackieOwl94]

I hate lion fish purely because it took over my shore in the SE USA.

[@alinenakayama6875]

the shark booping the spear animation is so precious

[@blazingtrs6348]

sharks are just fish dogs (literally)

[@cuckoophendula8211]

I also liked the part with shaming the lazy obese shark on the couch

[@JustinBartholomew-gm1dy]

lemon sharks gives more pure dog energy then the rest of shark

[@Cdre_Satori]

I love the sharks at 14:28 because thats essentially domestication of wolves. Lazy ass predator learns that if he leads dumb monke to the meat, dumb monke will expend energy and share. :D So sharks are seadogs :D And they didn't name the poison because its just for Cuzco.

[@Nilns]

The poison for Kuzco The poison chosen specially to kill Kuzco Kuzco's poison All in favor of naming Lionfish venom Kuzco's poison?

[@BurningSunBloodyMoon]

Very appropriate, since sharks were actually known as "sea dogs" up until the 1500s!

[@Stegouros-ellengassen]

Oh yeah, it’s all coming together…

[@bib4eto656]

And there are dogfish sharks ... somewhere in the world.

[@cuddlebeargames2883]

My old marine biology teacher was apart of a group of scuba pros that did the whole spearfishing the lionfish thing. She said it made her sad because she knew that it wasn't their fault, just their nature, but she helped out regardless. Never mentioned shark feeding though that would be cool.

[@jamzee_]

My old biology teacher would go off the coast and try net fishing them. And for some dumb reason, one day he took a shotgun with him. He shot fish. I dont know why you would, but he did, and it was funny the way he described it. He apparently shot five of them in the net.

[@neolexiousneolexian6079]

​@@jamzee_ The incompressibility of water and its high speed of sound means that a sudden shock like a nearby bullet impact should basically immediately kill submerged fish, by rupturing their swim bladders and other vital organs. The risk of collateral damage would be high- Ever heard of blast fishing?- But I guess it could be humane if done carefully.

[@jamzee_]

@@neolexiousneolexian6079 he would raise the net and shoot them in it. Or at least thats how he described it.

[@uncroppedsoop]

@@jamzee_ makes a lot more sense because bullets fired through water break after traveling a few feet through it

[@iusethisnameformygoogleacc1013]

Sadly, there's no evidence that sharks 'trained' like that actually eat lionfish on their own later, but there's a lot to support the idea that it habituates sharks to humans and makes them associate humans with food.

[@asherager6689]

Hey I got curious about snakes being poisonous as well as venomous so I did some research and it turns out you can drink snake venom and be alright mostly. Their venom is proteins and enzymes that interact directly with your blood. Drinking it exposes it to hcl in the stomach which denatures most proteins. I’m sure you could still absorb some through mucous membranes, but not a whole lot. Hope you found it interesting too !

[@globalgeode4363]

litterally was just about to comment on this, it's so funny how crazy dangerous proteins can be broken down so easy!

[@vincent_v1094]

It only affects the person who is drinking it if it encounters an open wound leading to the circulatory system.

[@Rathmun]

Theoretically you could also have some substance which only becomes toxic when exposed to HCL, which would make it usable as a poison but not as a venom. I don't _know_ of any, but it should be possible.

[@rydz656]

Not really.

[@quitethenon-binaryfuss8596]

YO THAT IS SO WILD WTH ???

[@lukewellfire9747]

I can't be the only one who thinks it's so ADORABLE that the sharks just...tap their head against the hunter's spear to lead them to a nearby lion fish they wanna eat. "Tap tap. Hey! Hey there! Come kill this thing for me! NOM NOM"

[@mimisezlol]

Sharks generally don't want to eat people and can be quite cordial given the opportunity. Funfact: apparently tiger sharks, which are notoriously aggressive to humans, can also just have favorite divers. The get jealous if their favorite divers pay attention to other tiger sharks and will shove the other sharks aside. Sounds to me like they just don't fear us, which is the reason why a human raised cheetah is more dangerous than a wild one.

[@crsmith6226]

I know this is old but @3:50 , no. You can indeed drink many snake venoms and be fine, UNLESS you have an ulcer. The venom needs to physically enter the bloodstream and your body is generally very good at keeping things from the gut away from the blood for this reason.

[@jasminecluney1769]

Thank you! Also there are actual venomous AND poisonous snakes. There is the Japanese grass snake that has both its own form of mild venom AND feeds on poisonous toads in the wild and can repurpose the toads venom for self defense. Basically they have a gland that sequesters the toad poison and they can excrete it on their neck behind their head when threatened! Very cool!

[@acceptingcat]

Yes thank you

[@raeraebadfingers]

Huh, I did not know that. That's super cool.

[@lasercraft32]

In the shark's defense... they don't have long pokey spears or opposable thumbs to let them spear the lion fish hiding within the reefs. So I wouldn't say they're _entirely_ lazy... just _somewhat_ lazy.

[@Appletank8]

so instead of training sharks to hunt lion fish, we should train them to use a spear

[@OlyChickenGuy]

It always amazes me to hear stories about how intelligent and social sharks can be. That bit about leading scuba divers to lionfish to be fed was just too cute.

[@SonsOfSauron]

To my understanding venom needs to make it into your bloodstream directly to have an effect, so you could drink snake venom and probably be okay, but as Clint's Reptiles says: that's the worst way to find out you have a stomach ulcer. (Poison, on the other hand, needs to be ingested or absorbed through the skin.)

[@ayaderg]

this is it, the real difference is that poison can be absorbed through tissue and venom needs to be introduced into the bloodstream

[@trit2251]

You can drink venom and it will do mostly nothing depending on the venom. If poison gets past you skin you will have a bad time

[@ulawan5]

The continuity gag of being hugged by the fish and then looking VERY sick and stung is still top tier thank you

[@anthonytonythegeek5561]

The sharks bumping the spears of the divers is cool, I’d wanna see a vid of some shark species, like the cookie cutters or even the goblin shark or even the rat-fish

[@SmallAngryNerd]

Sharks poking humans and leading them to lionfish is so cute. It's like a dog begging for treats.

[@spacecowboycade]

I dont know if someone has said this, and you probably don't care. But if I recall correctly, the difference between venomous and poisonous is like you said, however the reason eating a venomous animal wouldn't kill you is because venom needs to enter the bloodstream directly rather than being digested. However it could still get in by like a cut in your mouth or ulcers in your stomach or some other open sore.

[@virilcyril8954]

thank you

[@SerpenTxxxLion]

The most likely reason for lionfish to be present in the mediterranean sea is the Suez canal. We built a new route linking the indian ocean to the mediterranean sea and they just used it along the boats. Random fact : lionfish are called "rascasses volantes" in French - from the old patois word "rascas" (in Occitan) - which roughly translates to "flying tenacious fish" or "flying scabby fish".

[@AlexIsOffline]

I've said it before but I'll say it again, your channel has become one of my favorites. Pacing, editing, script, everything is just 👌 I've been looking forward to this video so much! Lionfish were one of my favorites as a kid, only losing to Clownfish. I think a part of my love for them is definitey because of their name, as in Swedish they're actually called "Dragonfish"!

[@mokseee]

In Germany we call them Firefish. I remember seeing one in Egypt when I was a kid, who was obsessed with diving. I knew that it was like somewhat poisonous, but that was it, so I didn't really hesitate to swim around it and get really close to have a good look at it

[@lordwillibur438]

Omg when you told about the shark booping their noses against the spear I was just like "Awwwe!" Out loud, omg that sounds adorable xD

[@kylepessell1350]

I remember doing an entire paper on Lionfish (their venom specifically) in my freshman year of college for an introductory biology class. I did end up finding the structure and name of the molecule but I also found it was rather complicated.

[@johnalexchr]

Will you be sharing the name too?

[@WhaleSteaks]

​@@johnalexchr Google says this, ciguatoxin, is the toxin used by Lionfish. It could be wrong though

[@YuniraFerinia]

@@johnalexchrdef not ciguatoxin

[@jmassagetherapist6773]

What's the name?

[@YuniraFerinia]

@@jmassagetherapist6773 still doesn’t have a name, some say it’s Ciguatoxin but nope.

[@sachsoup]

THOSE SHARKS OMG... i love sharks sm just imagine sharks booping ur spear and then lead u to lionfish... that's so cute :(((

[@MarkN51]

From what little research I was able to do (not being a biologist, pharmacologist, or toxicologist), the impression I got is that you couldn't find the name of the toxin because nobody's figured out what it is yet. I found some references to papers describing bits and pieces of what the toxin does, and some possible mechanisms for part of it, which sounds like they're still putting the puzzle together.

[@Dantalliumsolarium]

Okay but sharks knowing to ask the weirdo with a spear to kill the lion fish? Is awesome

[@Helius42]

Here in Brazil it is also an invasive species, a theory I also heard is that they came in water that cargo ships use to balance themselves, so when they release the water here they also release this fish that came in unintentionally.

[@Mal-Function4]

When I was in Egypt in Sharm El Sheikh at the Ras Mohammed reef, they did something similar to the spearing, they'd give us the choice between a hook for Crown of Thorns sea stars (they eat corals at an alarming rate) or a four-pronged spear very similar to the one in the video,and told us to catch any of the chosen prey it was honestly really interesting how widespread they were... i was mostly there to get the certificates there, and for recreation as well, but the ecology was super interesting, because the local officials weren't yet entirely sure what actually hunts the Lionfish at all (as of 2013) also in more populated areas like Hurghada, the Urchins were fished heavily but their numbers seemed resistant to hunting, similar to lionfish in some areas, by virtue of increased fecundity in surviving sexually mature in case numbers decrease around them (less competition most likely) there was a theory also set up that more targeted hunting in certain areas might cause inbreeding which might leed to infertility down the line, but that was dropped when lionfish populations just moved in to the now vacant lots and bridged the gap to other populations easily... still funny to me that they literally tried to dig a lionfish-fire-trench also, (insert a lionfish singing "how ba-a-a-ad can i be? i'm just doing what comes naturally!")

[@leaflizard8485]

It’s adorable that Sharks are like “hey dude. Do you mind getting this fish for me? Please and thank you”

[@ensokoth4670]

Commenting on the poisonous vs venomous part- if you eat something that is poisonous youre definitely not going to be doing well, if you eat something that's venomous as long as you don't eat the part with the venom you should be fine. I know the example you used was eating a cobra- theres areas of the US where eating rattlesnakes is reasonably common. In fact one of the ways the people of found to combat the invasiveness of lionfish is eating them. They're supposed to be a very tender and mild fish- sharks watched divers hunting lionfish and learned that they can be eaten as long as one avoids the spines and have started hunting lionfish as well.

[@eliswanson4195]

Can we just appreciate Octopus Lady admitting not knowing how say a bunch fancy science words? Also her relationship with the creatures she makes videos of are just so fun.

[@aarondruckmiller8174]

Hey awesome video, I’m a meteorologist and sure I could learn about my field all day, but I love learning about other peoples fields of study as well and your videos make it so easy to do so. Keep up the awesome work!

[@akjbrown3]

As a future zoologist/marine biologist(or even both), I want to say that no matter if a creature(animal, plant, fungi, etc) is invasive or not, it shouldn’t stop scientific progress and the studying of it. None of these creatures(lion fish included) deserve to have research interrupted based on negative feelings surrounding them. Knowledge plays a key role in solving issues and even if knowing when they first appeared doesn’t help a current problem doesn’t mean that information isn’t valuable. Side note: If by some chance you see this, I’d like to say I very deeply love your content and the way you make videos. It’s educational, entertaining, and comforting on some level. Thank you for expanding my interest to the odd creatures of this world and I hope you start/continue to feel better based on what was shared in your newest video. Come back when it’s good for you not us 💜💜

[@riohudson9612]

something I recalled while watching this was a girl named Lauren Arrington, about 12 years old at the time, who made a super foreboding discovery that lionfish can survive in freshwater and have the potential to invade and displace rivers and lakes along with the ocean.

[@twinphalanx4465]

Honestly that's really intelligent of the sharks to use a human as a tool to get food, essentially working less for more calories. That's really freaking cool

[@left4twenty]

With fair number of venomous things, the venom isn't any one toxic element, but rather a cocktail of chemicals that each play one role in the overall effect of the venom, this is the case with lionfish venom. It contains chemicals we recognize from other venoms, but with somewhat different structures in some, achieving a similar but not identical effect, making it hard to start any one chemical in the cocktail is the "definitive lionfish venom chemical" like with other animals. It would be like mixing many kinds of soda into a single cup, and then calling it "OctopusCola"

[@parmesanzero7678]

The sharks telling the hunters to spear fish for them reminds me of a dog nosing at you when it wants something.

[@Feirgheim]

Shark bit was really cute

[@cameronbrown7231]

As an aerospace engineer and lover of all things above, I have very little knowledge of the things below. Glad to have found this channel which explains things so well.

[@Bunny-ns5ni]

"Invasive species aren't inherently evil, they're just in the wrong place" -David Lodge

[@matowakan]

who in their right mind thinks invasive species ae evil? That lessens the blame off humans and makes us feel less like the environment destroyers that we are.

[@Kroggnagch]

I wish you'd cover the flamboyant cuttlefish.. Awesome content, as per usual.

[@SteinGauslaaStrindhaug]

I was familiar with "pallor" as it's one of the words my mom who is a doctor regularly say in Latin for some reason. I also learned the list "calor, dolor, rubor, tumor et functio laesa" (heat, pain, redness, swelling and reduced functioning) which is the 5 signs of inflammation; which she also says regularly enough that I learned it. (Also helps that the first 4 things rhyme)

[@altega]

the sharks showing divers where lionfish are is SO CUTE 😭 I LOVE SHARKS MAN

[@umbrellatime]

After some research, apparently in the state of Florida you don’t need a license to hunt lionfish with a spear so as a local I am VERY excited to hopefully go hunting sometime this summer

[@lizb111]

When I was at an aquarium in key west, someone giving a presentation told us a more likely theory of how they got here is commercial ships scooping them up accidentally as ballast and then dumping them here, rather than individual irresponsible pet owners releasing them one by one.

[@bunnykiller]

that may be possible if the ones pulled into the ballast tanks were hatchlings. The ballast water is "filtered" to keep animals from entering the tanks, the screen size is about 1/8" square. If the water wasnt filtered, eventually the tanks would become a 3' deep graveyard of rotting sea creatures.

[@bricky-brikson9487]

3:47 Eating venomous snakes does NOT poison you! The venom of all snakes relies on getting into your bloodstream. Assuming you had no cuts/open wounds in your digestive tract (especially your esophagus) you could hypothetically drink a whole shot of snake venom and be fine. That's the big difference between poison and venom, generally speaking. The whole "getting into the bloodstream" part. Poison takes affect through ingestion (eating, inhaling, skin absorption), venom takes effect once it gets into your bloodstream (via bite or sting).

[@sweetiewolfgirl]

9:46 - 9:56 Other than #1 you just described humans. Even more apt.

[@SalviAlmighty]

That shark story is absolutely bonkers to me! Also I had no idea how detrimental these little guys were to the environment D:

[@dragonofspades2837]

not the sharks trying to get humans to feed them lionfish like giving dogs a treat, I love it 😂😂

[@magic8ball237]

That shark thing was sooo cute

[@burnblast2774]

The poison/venom distinction is actually rather major. Indeed most venomous animals are perfectly edible. People eat rattlesnake all the time despite them being very venomous. Likewise, nobody is likely to die from handling a pufferfish, but take one bite and it's lights out for you.

[@THE_REDACTED]

I did some research on Lionfish venom myself, I was curious. All I seem to be able to find is this: The venom is a combination of a protein, a neuromuscular toxin and a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. I also discovered that "An antivenom has been developed, which may be used for serious systemic symptoms secondary to any Scorpaenidae species, although the antivenom is not recommended for typical lion fish stings." This means the proteins and the neurotoxin are indeed researched and lickely named, but do not seem to exist in publically accessible media.

[@Lord_Horker]

Really weird there are so many information gaps on lion fish considering how much attention they’ve received

[@CalebHussey]

This music is giving me anxiety. It's amazing music, but for some reason it makes me feel really anxious.

[@Midnight-7411]

A general rule of thumb for the two different terms for toxic weapons Poison = intended for defence Venom = intended for aggression

[@smallcutepuppy]

I wonder how much of this is Star Trek's fault. You know that Captain Picard's lionfish aquarium must have inspired a lot of ill-thought-out home aquariums.

[@petersmythe6462]

It does matter whether an organism is poisonous or venomous for one particular reason: you can drink most venom and be fine, and injecting a poison is.. hard to say what it will do, but certainly a poisonous animal can't inject that poison. Poison and venom will necessarily be chemically different.

[@BionicleFreek99]

"Serving looks" has been added to my vocabulary!

[@jonmagram]

when is the octopus lady going to do a longform playthrough of the hit The Learning Company DOS game from 1991, "Operation: Neptune"??

[@owo4470]

Regarding venoms and Poisons, If I remember correctly, venoms are mostly alkaloids and proyeins ,which are usually neutralised and denatured by stomach acid so they wouldn't harm you. However, if it seeps into an internal wound ,you'll still be envenomated so it's not recommende to eat venomous creatures.

[@youlostthegame.]

Never have I ever seen a greater representation for my anxiety and adhd stream of consciousness than that intro. I feel seen. Lol

[@lahlybird895]

Actually in day-to-day conversation it is pretty important to tell somebody the difference between poison and venom so that they know what the danger is going to be And yes it is possible to be both poisonous and venomous But also if you ate a king cobra you'd only be in danger if you specifically ate the venom sack for some reason

[@fachridarmayana2518]

The first lionfish was reported in South Florida waters in 1985 with many additional sightings occurring until they were documented as established in the early 2000s.

[@MinhyuksMoon]

I'm so thankful for this video cause I've been gone through videos and videos about lionfishes trying to learn about their behavior, making and hunting and this is the only video that gave any answers to that. SO HUGE THANK YOU. Also loved the graphics

[@Dewey_the_25U]

Poisonous would harm you no matter what part you ate, while Venomous could still be eaten... Except for where the Venom is stored, for sure.

[@willowtreeangel]

14:28 that is one of the cutest shark drawings i have ever seen

[@Zedigan]

My hypothesis is either 1. Their venom is a complex cocktail of lots of different toxins or 2. People are too busy researching how to control their numbers and "their venom kills stuff" is enough information for the time being

[@theowebb5792]

You said "Hey Google" it activated my Google voice activation and i was super confused at first 😆

[@THExPOPEXIX]

all the lil drawings are amazing nice job brian

[@pjyoung191]

okay but sharks asking divers for food is so cute?? they're like little fish dogs, I love them

[@PCrailfan3790]

I just found you channel one day and now I’m addicted I love your humor the algorithm works in strange ways

[@cavvieira]

Your animation game is SO on point! I love learning stuff on your channel. Thank you!

[@Kodama666]

i just wanna throw it out there lol that venom and poison are actually quite notably different, you could drink an entire wine glass of any venom you choose and be fine, however, there are some animals that are both venomous and poisonous. Yet that still is not because of the same substance, it would be 2 different substances. Lastly generally speaking i think you could say poison is the one u wanna worry about most as a human, i could totally be wrong but most venomous creatures arent designed to kill things as large as people, and even as a backup we have antivenom. there are fringe cases ofc, especially when it comes to things in the ocean or near the ocean

[@nik4520]

You can actually drink many venoms, because they're not poisonous. A lot of snake venoms are often used for novelty cocktails and the like and ritual drinking ceremonies in some cultures

[@Rathmun]

14:42 And thus sharks begin the same road trod by wolves at the dawn of humanity.

[@SebastianRayner]

Ok but POIVENOISOMOUS? I was cryingggggg 😂😂😂😂

[@crunchybones3899]

Difference between poisonous and venomous (to my understanding): venom is injected, poison is ingested (or absorbed sometimes i guess (ex: highly toxic species such as poison dart frogs which can poison you just from touching them)). Nature doesn’t care about our classifications though and breaks the rules all the time. For example, spitting cobras have evolved to spit their venom in people’s eyes, so in that case the venom isn’t injected (but they still are capable of injecting venom).

[@wrekced]

@Octopus lady: In Thailand, they eat king cobra as a delicacy. They eat the venom sacs too . The venom has an effect on the person who eats it. It causes altered sensations and other bodily changes.

[@justindisbrow9921]

9:33 yassified lionfish

[@lutetium2367]

these lionfish drawings should be put in a museum

[@bunnykiller]

The Black Volitan lionfish has a rather potent venom, I was unfortunately stabbed ( 2 spines) by one on the back of my thumb between the first and second joint. The pain was intense as being stung by a large hornet, after several minutes I was numb up to my elbow and loosing muscle control up to my shoulder. Once I knew I was hit by it I immediately ran hot water on the puncture sight ( I had remembered reading somewhere heat breaks down the venom). The pain lasted for 3 days and I didnt get full functionability back in my arm for a length of 6 days. I couldnt even imagine how nasty the wound would have been if it were in an area like a forearm or thigh where penetration would exceed 2-3 mm as it was with my thumb.

[@WallaceSpear-mu2ys]

Venom coagulation the blood turing it solid like pudding, basically worse blood cloot you will ever have(cause it kills you), poison can target specific regions of the body, neural, muscle paralysis, or organ failure stuff like that.

[@Titancameraman64]

What? Explain with better grammar i understand nothing from this.

[@inserthere2118]

Your voice brings me joy

[@TheGobou77]

apparently there are sightings of groupers eating lionfish. so i guess they're starting to get a natural predator is those areas, even if they are odd sightings

[@DeepSeaKirk]

Hi Oct, thanks for the vid. Just some bits about Scorpeanidae and toxicity. While it is true that many members of the family are venomous, not all of them are. The most consistent characteristics of the fam are actually their very spiney skulls and fin. I've personally worked with some species (Sebastes fasciatus, S. mentella, S. norvegicus) in the northwest Atlantic. Although they are so hateful and hand-stabbing spiney, they don´t have the venom to be more spiteful.

[@Iceflkn]

4:12 drew a blank? I'm proud of you for trying! 😁😎

[@DavidCruickshank]

Your sense of humour is incredible! 😂

[@mochajohnson4780]

The "lionfish escaping from breeding facility during hurricane Andrew" story sounds like someone heard about the introduction of Burmese pythons to the Everglades and then confused the species when retelling the story. The python breeding facility incident actually happened and is considered by many to be the primary reason those snakes were able to get established in the Everglades. Individual released pets is also a possible contributing factor.

[@jchristHeckYeah]

Poison: If you bite it, you DIE Venom: If it bites you, you DIE

[@Futt.Buckerson]

They taught the sharks to train you to feed them dinner. That's amazing.

[@M.Datura]

I love your editing. Just so much.

[@christianhansen3590]

You have the most delightful humour! Such a joy to watch your videos😁

[@PixelOverload]

3:40 nope, not usually, probably some edge cases out there but most venom is entirely digestible, so long as you don't have any open sores in your digestive track (which doesn't exactly make it less digestible, just lets it do w/e it normally does in your blood stream, but in your throat/stomach/w/e), some critters are both however

[@misspoppyseed3909]

Lionfish venom is called Pterois venom! (You probably know this but I wanted to feel included)

[@gonzalofraguasbringas8617]

Spaniard here, both my siblings have stepped onto the quills of scorpionfish several times before. Doesn't look fun 😅

[@SPFLDAngler]

There is an easier way to remember Poisonous vs Venomous. If you bite it and you die, Poisonous. If it bites you and you die, Venomous.

[@benmcreynolds8581]

I'm so excited to see another upload from you. Your channel is one of the coolest science/biology stuff for me to geek out on and nerd over. It's the coolest stuff ever. Your content rocks!

[@the_matthatter]

I love watching your videos, also I think they haven’t named the venom because it’s a new thing and too many people are fighting over the name

[@monaplysia2853]

Oh gosh, this is now just the second video i've seen of yours and i love it so much! Thank you for making these really interesting videos and talking about the fascinating sea life!

[@pluralfuture9362]

I don't know why, but the representation of "dead child" just being the same skeleton that was just shown, just shrunk except it's head and now it's wearing one of those propeller caps was really fucking funny.

[@circeus]

Regarding the fossil record, In a lot of cases, you'll have more luck looking at family level. The family in general first appears in the eocene it seems and the published fossil record in general for them does appear restricted, although just the fact that it's younger would mean there would also be less of it in general.

[@GlennBickford]

Is no one going to talk about how octopus lady comforts the lion fish about its toxic family dynamic like that was so funny and wholesome 😂❤

[@adog8524]

Lil fun fact: in Norwegian, lion fish is called dragefisk or “dragon fish” which is pretty cool. Idk why but it may come from the spines and fins looking like wings. Still idk.

[@gingkobud5502]

Someone else probably mentioned this, but at least for snake venom it’s sometimes used in drinks. Apparently it adds flavour? But safe at least.