Aquarium Science - Water Flow Management

[@pondguru]

Inlet flows in under pressure and outlet flows out under gravity so outlet always needs to be larger - good demonstration.

[@dferr22]

first time posting a comment and for good reason. this guy explained it in such detail that I can stop watching u tube for designing my new filter. thank you

[@kenro624]

This is one of if not the most informative videos on drainage flow rates.

[@rubenmeister5276]

Well said sir, ignore the ungrateful overtechnical idiots. These are basic ideas that helped me tremendously when building my custom reef tank. I would have had a major headache had I not listened to your video before I finalized ordering my plumbing parts. I now have a successfully piped, and safe tank!

[@johnirizarryjr6508]

Best feelings ever!! Enjoy

[@1islam1]

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[@MrKeithHoward]

A simple yet informative explanation on the basic principles of Aquarium to Sump/Refugium plumbing and flow. A hello and thanyou from the Rock of Gibraltar on the other side of the pond.

[@MarthaMartinez-ez4vd]

just what i needed now that i am setting up my sump. great vid tks

[@Ab39able]

thanks dennis, this video will stop me from getting my carpet wet, great demo, great help, great presentation, thanks buddy.

[@espeterson522]

Very informative! Another thing I like to do sometimes is sharing the load across multiple bulkheads. Instead of one 2", do two or three 1" bulkheads. That way you don't waste as much overhead space, and you have a little insurance in case one of the outlets gets blocked by debris.

[@kevanbarnes5795]

gr8 video just the way u show the flow of the return and the overflow u rock mate

[@MrHappyMedium]

This video is fantastic. Thanks much for taking the time to post it.

[@robertg.4823]

Excellent video, makes sense, plus well said....

[@margan59]

Thanks SO much. I have a 150 gal and am building a sump. The tank does not have easy access and I cannot fool around and experiment. This helped a lot.

[@charlesng1535]

It is great. Very professional and factual.

[@blamelessone]

Fantastic explanation!

[@Patriot6669]

Excellent information for a newbie. Thank you!

[@charmango123]

thank you for this vid, the info was invaluable. I am currently in the middle of designing/researching my own filtration external sump/filter combo - I have been gearing for watching that the filter not overflow but never even occured to me I could overflow the tank itself so thanks for pointing that out and supplying the info!

[@camerondrummond8283]

Finally a clear understanding given! Thx so much.

[@Mybitterreality]

I did a similar project and it took me a month to figure out the tricks, I wish I'dve seen this before

[@Juancmanzanares]

Wow old video but it was what I need to hear. I had that exact problem with filter. I place it on top of my tank so i didn’t have to make holes on the tank but I run in that problem with the pump and the return pipe been the same size of the intake pipe. I did fix it by doing what you said of making the Size bugger in my case the return and it worked. But I always wonder why... know I know. Thanks man!!!

[@rick11201]

How many good hardwood floors have died for this info! Good video, nice, technical and short explanation!

[@Diosesdepapel]

Great video , nice way of presenting the information , Thank You

[@ZsaZsaUmbra]

Where were you when I needed you lol! Excellent video, thanks a million.

[@JeiNelson]

Incredible well said. So easy to inderstand. Thanks speaker.

[@prlexlatino]

good info, a lot of beginners miss this one step when setting up thier systems...

[@emmanuelperez4830]

Great Video. Keep up the great work and keep these coming.

[@xhawkusmc]

ive seen a trick a long time ago where the jet in was piped directed to the piping of an under gravel filter. it spreads the current out underneath the gravel keeping it in place for the most part, while pushing waste out. its a thought, but sludge in gravel is a good thing just get some plants. anyways theres one solution for what you were describing, though a powerful pump may be too much for a small undergravel filter system

[@Physics072]

Nice video, a video says it all. Very good in a trade where its the blind leading the blind in terms of good information.

[@koala20001]

great video. Short but very informative.

[@johnyrajjohny2219]

I was going to fit a sensor for water control level Waste This is a good video for basic Thanks sir

[@nunomascarenhasribeiro]

At last....someone straight to the point...Thank You.

[@photosbyjb007]

Thanks for your excellent video

[@oceres]

Wonderful video, thanks for sharing with all of us!

[@askvanita]

Nice information. Thanks for sharing your expertise.

[@MrSheppard84]

you could possibly put inlet on bottom of tank, which would stir up crap on the bottom. But then, there would be other considerations to take, such as syphon off during a power cut. Also, if you have substrates, gravel etc, you may end up blowing it down the other end of the tank.

[@andrewr022488]

Great video but I have one arguement against this which is in a saltwater system, particularly a reef system, You’ll generally have a type of macro algae in Your Sump. It is preferred to have low flow in your sump when you have a refugium setup with macro algae. You’ll be getting the majority of Your display tank flow from powerheads so you aren’t relying on the return pump for anything other than returning the water from the sump/refugium back into the display. Great video though and very easy to understand.

[@rmhutchins7]

I enjoyed your video. It was very helpful. Thank you!

[@ravindunanayakkara3221]

Well done.. Sir.. These ideas ara very usefull for people like us..thanks a lot

[@666cowboy69]

2:24 my aquaponics system utilizes both 6in and 8in bulkheads so you will be able to find them atleast 8in i think i saw them as large as 16in but only know ive seen a 12in, you will be forced to look online in multiple places if you go over 4in; if your working 3in or smaller start at homedepo, if your 4in or larger start at lowes.

[@gtariman03]

The surface area of 2inch outlet is bigger than two 1inch outlet. Formula for finding the area of a circle is A=3.14x(radiusxradius).Lets say using 10 as 1inch outlet and 20 as 2inch outlet. The surface area of two 10inch outlet would be 628inches. The surface area of 20inch outlet is 1,256inches. I'm not sure if I'm doing it right. It's been a few years since I was in geometry.

[@takebacktheworld8090]

Glad I found this

[@FashionBiff]

Good explanation of drain flow. Simple way to show what is or needs to happen for drainage as opposed to someone just saying use this and this. On a side note, your missing a fire extinguisher and GFCI protection on the pumps would be a good thing for safety.

[@powerk2615]

Thanks buddy, however I already have my sunp fish tank drilled 1" out 1" in. If I reduce the amount of media in my filtration, would it help to flow out faster?

[@MilosStevanovic1]

The thing I don't like about this type of overflow is the water circulation itself. Since the water that comes out/in is on the top I was wondering if there is any circulation on the bottom of the tank?

[@excuseme4960]

Unknowingly, I did this exact setup for my first aquarium. 3/4 in and 1-1/2 out works great with a 800gph pump on my 75 gal tank with a 20 gal sump my question is how do i get the things that stay on the bottom to float up and get in the current that makes its way to the over flow? Seems there are some spots where the current cant reach, maybe a power head near the bottom to stir it up? Great video.

[@genecundel4793]

Hi Dennis, I think the biggest problem most everyone has in designing a system is determining what the pump truly puts out. I find that every pump grossly over estimates it's flow rates. Out of curiosity I have placed many submersible pumps into a full sink and just hook up a small discharge tube to collect the outflow into a marked volume container. By doing this I practically eliminate head and friction loss to zero, yet don't get anywhere near what the pump is rated at. So, that being said, how do we proceed/adjust in determining what equipment to use. Please advise.

[@ertora100]

So considering your experience with pumps what size pump would you recommend from a 20gal sump to 75 gallon tank feeding into a y inlets

[@luthmhor]

The simplest way to control flow rate and pressure is to use a valve downstream of the pump. Pick a pump that is perhaps a bit oversized. The thing is centrifugal pumps operate on a pump curve, so there is no “true” rate. It depends on what pressure the system needs. So basically find a pump that gives the rate you need at a pressure (head) that is a bit more than needed, and then out a ball valve or gate valve on the outlet and adjust it until your system achieves a balance.

[@luthmhor]

If you want to simplify your sump setup, set your outlet at the level you want your water at, and then basically allow your return water line to act like an overflow, where water spills out but doesn’t siphon. Then as long as your pump isn’t overpowered you don’t have to worry about overflow issues in the tank or the sump.

[@DEXTER-TV-series]

Some link to see it ?

[@MEATSOMBRERO]

EXCELLENT Video! Thanks.

[@TheHarly]

Good tips 👍this basic tips is very important

[@busterbear59]

These "bulkheads" are cimmonly usef in pools and spas. So the best place to find these are in pool and spa supply stores, or online at pool and spa parts suppliers.

[@ronniet10]

Thanks for sharing the 1 in 2.5 out ratio

[@TheRoostCrew]

Thank you for the video, it was very instructive. I am curious on something you didn't address though and I was wondering if I might get your time to answer this. In your video example you start with a 1" outlet and increase it to 2" (then to 2.5" for your safety factor); would adding another 1" outlet have the same result as a single 2" outlet? So my question is, would dual 1" outlets have the same result as a single 2" outlet? Thank you very much for your time!

[@paulthomas5001]

how do you work out what size the pump inlet pipe needs to be for a 32mm tank out?

[@alexcalabro8140]

I'm not sure if this is still active but I'm at a standstill and really need some direction for my tank. I have a 1in inlet with a 2in outlet and the 1in outlet pumps faster than the 2in will discharge, what can I do to increase how much the 2in discharges without cutting a bigger whole?

[@kentreichert7553]

So simple. Great! Thx!

[@irelandeire1365]

Hi,is it a must have to put a cover over a sump?

[@theman56]

hey Dennis great video loved how knowledgeable you are!

[@rubenmartinez1281]

Wow great video

[@lNiX-iu6xl]

I used pvc 1/2 in and 3/4 out which is the minimal size difference you want. My setup only works cuz my water pump isn't as strong as the ones he used. I'm using a 290 gph water pump for reference and I have it set on half strength by turning the little knob that restricts waterflow.

[@mr.cliffordjohnson6304]

Good stuff, learned something......

[@VacancyJB]

very informative, great video

[@thealbinoonenonly]

Pretty good demonstration.. A+

[@sumalsebastian]

Super informative for my DIY project. But does controlling the water inlet cause the pump to work harder n cause heating? Also, do i need two outlets one for the overflow at slightly higher level as my tank is going to be huge(8'x2')?

[@frankcastle5128]

I'm trying to create water return and over flow for my 150 gallon aquarium. I want to use a hang-on style overflow and pump water from a 55 gallon drum in my basement. The drum is 20' away vert.and hor. collectively. what size piping do I need for the overflow and return? What pump would I need in order to supply water to the aquarium for the distance it will be from the aquarium?

[@Edwinorellana2022]

Great video good info.

[@newenglandfishkeeper2105]

on the outlet do u use a some sort of sreen so small fish dont get in the sump?

[@Techdude52]

Great Video!

[@insidmal]

the air is to quiet it when the flow to the input is much below capactiy, when that occurs it'll try to suck air in with the water which makes it noisy so the addition of air is to quiet it

[@tjoslin53]

Hello, great vid! I have a question that no vid has spoken about but I have seen. If you have a large tank with a bottom drain that takes the fish waist to the filter and then the filter returns clean water back to the tank via another pipe. Question, do you simply try different pipe outlet sizes to find the out and in flow rate that works. I would think that the out flow at the bottom of the tank with all the water pressure above would be a problem. Hope I am being clear in my description. Thanks

[@desmondlarmond9698]

I wish i had seen this before i made my diy acrylic sump. I have some larger tank connectors to buy and two more holes to drill. Good grief. Thank for the video.

[@jflowers8913]

The only question I have is if I open the pump all the way up it speeds up the current so how do I open it up without making my fish really tired.

[@MilosStevanovic1]

I already have that, but still the fact remains that the water circulates manly on the surface of the aquarium. Thanks

[@yomoseo]

Where do you get tanks with this kind of inlets?

[@rocrulez]

I have the same design but need to know that how to reduse the noise in inlet pipe...???

[@stevemdegroot]

the best place to find top notch bulkheads of any size is a farming supply store, pool stores are much more delicate

[@SpringfieldMa]

Finally I can fix my hydroponics system my A frame pvc system kept overflowing at the last pipe. I guess I need to make the exit bigger

[@TheSlacker64]

@randy12368 Totally makes a differance. You inlet is under presure from the pump, the outlet is only under gavity pressure. Pumping at max cap of a 1" inlet you will overrun the 1" outlet without the same presure.

[@GarryThomassaltyreefers]

what type of drive? Prop? jet drive?

[@K겨울까마귀]

Is there any reason that use PVC for output but rubber?silicon hose for input with motor?

[@saraabe1]

Hey steelo! Are you still using Fish Town USA? Or have you changed locations for your aquatic needs?

[@GymNeedham]

Are you available for a DM? I have some questions about the best location for a check valve with an external pump above the water line and most of the plumbing is buried. Should it be closer to the pump, closer to the water, and can it be horizontal as long as it is below the water line? Any help would be appreciated!!!

[@stater3]

Good to know especially about circulation.

[@gabrielbennett5162]

VERY useful information! Thank you! I'm currently building a large custom filter for my goldfish tank. My pump is rated at a max of 400 GPH and this is is just the kind of useful info was looking for!

[@pewpew215]

What would happen if your inlet to the pump was on that "bulkhead" wouldn't it suck it out faster?

[@Chelseabear]

how do you get rid of fish waste if it's at the bottom of thank and the overlow tube is at the surface?

[@apaulmcdonough2170]

Siphon during Water Changes.

[@CrowntailHalfmoon]

Excellent tip. Very informative What if you use 2 bulkhead outlets for drainage?

[@garydsouza2335]

should i get 2 x 1" outlets when using a 1" return.. so i drill 3 hole at 1" 25mm uk

[@icysteve46]

So with a 1" inny, could I get away with two 1.25" outies that merge into a 2.5" pipe somewhere outside the tank? that way I can keep the water level that much closer to the top.

[@Physics072]

One error though is you are using a horizontal bulkhead which does not apply to a floor drain type. Horizontal rates are almost 1/2 lower than vertical flow rates. ie. A 1.5 inch pipe on the bottom can handle 1800 gph (depends on pipe length and amount of standing water above pipe. That same 1.5 inch pipe mounted on the side like this video probably can handle only 800 gph.

[@ROTTERtube]

awesome video thanks for making it!

[@TheBSideDJ]

in other words : basic fluidomechanics (pressure P inlet is - in general - bigger then P outlet because of the pump, so surface (diameter) outlet has to be bigger, since Q outlet has to be minimum >= Q inlet to prevent overflow). Logic.

[@frazelfernandes3082]

the outlet also depends on the pump thats gona pump the water to the aquraim, if pump flow rate is high then will need to increase the outlet size ....vice versa.

[@BTTT-c9q]

Great video, thank you

[@umcstudio8010]

I have a 40 gallon breeder andvi wated to drill some holesusing a 700 -800 -pump what hole size should I driil?

[@carlosweinberguer8161]

what's better bulkhead or universal seal??

[@danielmccoy528]

Thankyou for the video Question: What size bulkhead would I need for 2inch piping? Please keep in mind this piping is strictly for connecting two aquariums into one and serves as a passage way for fish to travel to and from tanks, plus, all the filtration will be in one tank.*Unlike a sump tank, it’ll be an internal sump, taking up 10 percent of that tank, but have an output via water pump, of the combine volume of both tanks*. It’ll also double to help water flow between both tanks, so the water in the tank without the filtration can also get filtered by water circulation through these 2 inch pipes. Any advice on transferring waterflow between two tanks, that are connected via similar fashion, would also be appreciated :) Once again thankyou

[@wunderschonenable]

That was excellent, thank you.

[@aaronbuchanan4633]

hi there I thought this was the best video ive watched as im currently in process of building my 8x2x2 aquarium. I was just wondering how far down from the top of the tank should I drill for both outlet and return bulkheads? thankyou

[@sawankhokale84]

Very Informative, Could You Please Help In Suggesting As To How Much Ich Single Bulk Head Do I Have To Have As InFlow If I Intend To Have 2 Nos of 1 Inch OutFlows Pumping From One Single 10,000 Lt/hr Pump For An 150 Gallon Tank...

[@traynice9633]

Hi my tank can not be drilled, other than a overflow box do I have any other options?

[@rapmelodies]

TRAY NICE no

[@rapmelodies]

Not unless you put the sump above the tank

[@ecrater1junkie155]

Another tank.

[@Silver-nm2if]

So how big should my sump be?