Good explanation of the differences between phonetics and phonology, thanks. But about the glottal stop in English, you say that it’s never found with consonants. But can’t we say that it is a consonant itself, or it “replaces” other consonants, in some dialects such as Cockney (waʔer = water) or American (oh no you diʔn’t = didn’t) or most dialects at the end of words like import ʔ (important) and cert ʔ (certain)…:?
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That is actually an interesting point you bring up here, I never actively thought about this! First of all: Me saying that it is *never* found with consonants is actually wrong, I am sorry on that! It IS found in combination with consonants. I have to correct myself there. The glottal stop definitely is a consonantal sound that is used in English, but it is mostly used as an allophone of for example /t/ as in "water" in some dialects (T-glottalization), as you said, and it's used in other scenarios as well, but to my knowledge it doesn't act as a phoneme of its own in English as it isn't used to distinguish between words; it just appears sometimes as an allophone. Though, I might be wrong on that. I am not an expert in dialects of English and I could imagine that there might be some dialect where the glottal stop is actually its own phoneme. Corrections on that are welcome!