Receptors: Agonists & Antagonists

Introduction to Pharmacodynamics: Agonists, Antagonists and Receptors
The handout is at: www.linneaboyev...
Objectives:
1. Explain the ways an enzyme-substrate complex is the same as a receptor-ligand complex.
2. Explain the differences between an enzyme-substrate complex and a receptor-ligand complex.
3. Define the terms: site of action, receptor, ligand, enzyme, substrate, agonist, antagonist, direct-acting
4. Predict the actions of any agonist and/or antagonist for a given receptor.
This video is intended for use by beginning nursing students. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

[@doristhecoder765]

You are amazing Dr. Boyev! am a medical coder and really want to THANK YOU for breaking this down for a person who isn't clinical. I seek to understand as much as I can in documentation that I review. Well done doc!

[@TaiChiKnees]

I'm so glad!

[@holleym4063]

This video is so perfect... great work. Im taking pharmacology now and this is super helpful. Thank you!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Glad it was helpful!

[@stephaniehoeppner1450]

You did a good job of explaining this topic; it's so fundamental that people learn these basics. I love your arts and crafts, you go girl!

[@hobie1can]

So good! I have been a nurse for 5 years and a Respiratory Therapist for 16 years before that. I am now in grad school and I have never heard this subject matter put so well! Thank you

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thank you so much! Be safe!

[@nelsonh.568]

I love that she uses the cut outs because it really makes sense, explain it to me like I am 3 and I will never forget. Awesome lecture, I wish more professors were this dedicated to teach their students.

[@TaiChiKnees]

Glad you liked it and my construction paper skills. I'll keep that in mind for future videos.

[@cmm6x]

This is an excellent video. During graduate school, I took a psychopharmacology class. When we got to this topic, the professor did not know how to effectively communicate it to us unfortunately... You, however, explain this quite wonderfully... thank you!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thanks for the feedback and compliment! :-)

[@hourim5120]

Thank you so much you help me in my exam and now i understand the idea and i hope you continue sharing this type of video about pharmacology ..i’m from iraq❤️

[@slutftw1996]

Very well explained, the visuals help a lot. Thank you!

[@saltydonut460]

lok'tar ogar friend! That was a fantastic explanation. Thanks

[@AdrianaHernandez-ru1ty]

Wow!! Your presentation was fantastic. I first read on the subject, made my flashcards and came up a little confused. Than I watched your video and it all came together perfect. Thank you for the visual teaching- that is my best tools for learning, retaining and it going long term memory. Bravo for this brief lecture.

[@velmahenn8761]

Now I completely understand! Thank you!!

[@hhgaming6684]

Thank you for this. I wish I had teachers like you growing up! Informative. Fun. Friendly.

[@rajradia1307]

Great Video explanation about receptor bindings, Agonist and antagonist. A big thank you. It is appreciated. This will be very helpful if a question in my pharmacology exams comes up next week. Fingers crossed!

[@rockyboy220]

Very accessible ..,the visual presentation and pleasant delivery keeps the interest ,.and encourages a student to push on

[@TaiChiKnees]

I'm glad it appealed to you!

[@ionehepburn7579]

This was sooooooo helpful. In 15 minutes, I increased my chances of getting an A this term. Thank you.

[@TaiChiKnees]

That's fantastic. Good luck in your class!

[@michaelmerrit1601]

Not in your class but I love this. It really helped

[@sweetsue4204]

I'd like to see that campaign promise too. LOL! Made me laugh right out loud. I'm researching to understand pharmacokinetics as pertains to the use of Concentrated Cannabis Oil and was searching for a more complete understanding of this concept. Thank you so much for putting this out there. You warmed this old educator's heart. Well done.

[@sanketbankhele7572]

those cut-out visuals helped me to understand receptors even better than some 3D animations ! keep up the creativity!!!!

[@democracybacksliding]

Excellent tutorial, I have been trying to understand this concept for years, as a layperson or patient, I feel better informed. Thank you.

[@TaiChiKnees]

Great! I'm glad to help!

[@darkadij]

Genius! I'm a teacher too, and I dig this so much!

[@stephaniewang9069]

Thank you for making these amazing videos! This is the best explanation I’ve ever heard on this topic! It’s so enjoyable to watch as well.

[@stephk.9618]

I love your videos!! I've been meaning to tell you that you really helped me get through my 1st Pharm exam!!

[@phew..]

Are U a pharm.d Student.? And where you persuing your study

[@consuelomckenzie3771]

You are such a gifted teacher!

[@kamyk2000]

This was very informative, and helped me understand drug actions better. Thank you.

[@MemeCrew5690]

Your explanation is so easy to understand, enjoyable and creative. I kept laughing while watching. Thank you so much, you are the best!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Laughter is the best medicine! ;-)

[@sydneyrae737]

Thank you so much! I found this while studying for my midterm and this was so helpful! Thank you again!

[@illusionexplorer2843]

You explain everything so nicely 👍

[@Big50lle]

Excellent explanation! Thank you so much!

[@dm_nimbus]

I'd love to see the campaign slogan "A bear for every asthma patient!"

[@erumnaaz5892]

A very unique way of teaching!! Excellent! I loved it and understood as well!! Thank you so much! Please keep making such videos!!!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thank you, I will

[@alexp9592]

Thank you! Was struggling to understand agonists and antagonists so much before watching this.

[@TaiChiKnees]

You're very welcome!

[@makaylabailey2166]

You are amazing for this! This helped me understand so much. Thank you!

[@jessicadoucette440]

thankkkk you! Appreciate the help, wish you were my prof

[@joey1317]

Thank you for making a complicated subject very simple!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Glad it was helpful!

[@elissaworkman534]

Thank you so much! I understand now!!

[@AbuSayed-er9vs]

Great helpful video about pharmacology!!

[@linab2527]

Thank you, your video is very helpful. Now I can understand what is the difference between agonist and antagonist:)

[@TaiChiKnees]

Glad to hear that!

[@marisabrumley8605]

Very good teaching!

[@markmabazza6439]

worth watching. thank you now i have more understanding how agonist and antagonist works.

[@karishma-0921]

Thank you so much for such amazing explanation!!

[@erin-mariekernan7420]

Please continue to post :) My professor is teaching this concept way to fast

[@TaiChiKnees]

If you are interested, I've started posting student recorded files of my actual in-class lectures over at my other channel (Creatively called "Linnea Boyev"). Pharm is a tough subject when you start learning. The good news is that the more you know the easier it is to learn new drugs. The best way to learn from a fast-talking professor (I am one!) is to preview the material BEFORE the lecture. That way you can concentrate on the stuff you don't understand and zone out during the easy stuff. Hang in there!

[@zettaizafreak]

Your videos are amazing! Especially for someone that has a learning disability, like me. Thank you!

[@TaiChiKnees]

That's fantastic news! Good luck with your studies! :-)

[@80AnnaJo]

Thank you for the great visual presentation!

[@beechic63]

omg you are a legend , so easy to understand you, thanks

[@benchenj]

well explained doc,. thanks

[@stuartrutland9648]

Excellent and very well explained.

[@farfromhome4842]

Thank you for the wondeful visuals and teaching.You made it sound soo simple😍

[@TaiChiKnees]

You are so welcome!

[@charmainevalentine8693]

Wow thanks alot for ur vid! Jamaican viewer.

[@AMERSIDD]

You are absolutely amazing

[@n0060]

Thank you for the video.

[@rushitoshniwal8826]

Very good explanation

[@atb0007]

Mechanical engineer here....just dropping by to say how creatively this was explained!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thanks!!!

[@ariefhakim7334]

Thank you

[@carrieln77]

Very helpful - thank you. No more being chased by bears!! :)

[@manifast7571]

Thank you. Was very funny and useful video.🙏

[@matthew99pruitt]

Very helpful!

[@jehangirshah9321]

fantastic and lovely learning

[@dawishingbox]

I will definitely be using the phrase "more yays per second" more often :DD yayy

[@mathewkiio6771]

Excellent illustration.Helpful

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thanks so much for the feedback!

[@TaiChiKnees]

I'm happy to help!

[@MohamedAshraf-zi8zi]

thank you very much

[@judgejules2696]

excellent video! Thank you

[@lamamohammed3305]

Amaaaazing, thank you very much

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thank you too!

[@fretonahana6537]

This video is very helpful. Thanx a lot 💖

[@TaiChiKnees]

I'm glad it's useful for you!

[@victoriavalente4742]

Thank you!

[@TaiChiKnees]

You're welcome!

[@erin-mariekernan7420]

Very good!! I love the pac man enzyme you are awesome!

[@kanaheebaptiste]

excellentttt!! video. really helped me alotttt

[@basantwael1313]

Great explanation !! You are awesome thank u 💙

[@ehree7594]

Thanks so much, i spend lot time butn i don't understands , thanknyou for help me

[@walidragab2114]

Great one ❤️❤️

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thanks 🔥

[@dm_nimbus]

You mentioned that agonists and antagonists do not change the receptors (I was expecting you to say that antagonists mimic the receptors, but now I see that since the bindings are reversible, that might not do much. Then again, I don't actually know what I'm talking about). Are there drugs that do make changes to receptors? If receptors get damaged, do they typically get replaced?

[@TaiChiKnees]

James Craver So an agonist mimics the natural ligand, and when it binds the receptor changes its conformation slightly and then causes some effect (the effect might be a ion channel opens, or cAMP levels change, or a G-protein acts etc). Most competitive, reversible antagonists bind the receptor, and just sit in the binding site and don't do anything. The receptor doesn't change, the cell doesn't change, nothing happens except the agonist or ligand can't bind and do its thing. If you have a IRREVERSIBLE antagonist, it suggests that it blocks the receptor permanently. Either it covalently binds the receptor binding site and makes it impossible for the ligand/agonist to ever work (this is a competitive irreversible antagonist) OR it binds somewhere else but totally screws up the receptor so it doesn't work at all (noncompetitive irreversible antagonist). If the receptor is permanently broken, then the receptor will only be replaced when the cells in question decide to make more receptor protein. So the recovery of receptor function will depend wholly on how fast your body can produce working receptors. That might be a matter of hours or days, depending on the site affected.

[@DAKSPALM]

excellent dear

[@ArchanaSingh22]

Awesome channel nice video big like 👍

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thanks for the visit

[@Dr.BelloAliyu]

i just suubed!! tnx u very much mam.

[@dougb70]

4:48 - can't help but wonder how much time was spent in photoshop removing that glorious mustache

[@TaiChiKnees]

I had a team of twenty working for over a month!

[@rohan_1996]

Amazing

[@lianhua3608]

Thank u ! Imma ace my psychology exam

[@sohaibmohdyacop]

hi doc love yo ur vids very good explanation.can u make more vids please tq!

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thank you, I will

[@kassiba]

Very good

[@TaiChiKnees]

Thanks

[@brynjarjonsson5229]

what fight or flight video?

[@isaacrichardson1641]

seriously. how did you balance your game and study?

[@TaiChiKnees]

Depends on what is more important when and being organized. I highly recommend visiting Thomas Frank's channel for tips on how to have fun doing both without getting bogged down. Stay safe!

[@dougb70]

13:57 - drugs in the future sound much cooler. The propellerhead drug would be popular.

[@TaiChiKnees]

LOL!

[@sandraortiz1517]

Can a nasal spray H- Receptor Antagonist and corticosteroids cause a allergic reaction or attack your thyroid gland?

[@TaiChiKnees]

So in theory, a corticosteroid that is the same chemical structure as one in the human body would not cause an allergic reaction. USUALLY, the molecules that cause allergic reactions are proteins or fairly large molecules so something like diphenhydramine (Benedryl) wouldn't do it. That being said, any drug is never administered as the pure molecule. There is always a carrier substance that makes up the majority of the pill and then a coating and coloring agent, or the stuff that makes up the capsule. If it is a spray or ointment there will be preservatives. It is always possible to be allergic to something in the formulation. I hope that answers your question. I'm not sure what you mean by "attack" your thyroid gland. Drugs can't attack anything. They can trigger other responses, like an immune response?

[@sandraortiz1517]

TaiChiKnees Yes like a immune system response. The reason why asked is because my doctor prescribed me Dymista Nasal Spray. Two days taking the nasal Spray I started having side effects like flu like symptoms, bad headache, and my lymph nodes in my neck area were swollen. I had pain at the thyroid gland location as well. Hospital said that I had no strep throat or any viral infection and was sent home with Naproxen for the headache. My primary doctor decided to do bloodwork and all my T3,T4 hormones were high. Doctor says it’s my thyroid. I probably have hyperthyroidism. As of now all my symptoms are gone after stopping the nasal spray. I’m just trying to find out if I’m allergic to something in the medicine. Right now i started using a agonist inhaler called Bevespi and i had no side effects. Dymista on the other hand it’s a antogonist.

[@almaildelfonso4828]

do you have any video about how vitamin D is obsorved.

[@TaiChiKnees]

Ooh, no. I haven't taught nutrition in a couple of years and never needed videos for that class. If you are asking for yourself, you should get a blood level check to be certain you are deficient before you take any supplements; if you aren't vitamin D deficient don't waste your money. The best way to get vitamin D is to go outside and let the sun shine on your skin, even if it is for 15 minutes. It is also found in good levels in fish and vitamin D enriched milk. If you can't get outside or your diet is poor for reasons outside your control you could consider the supplement.. If you are in the US, do not buy any supplement unless it has the USP-verified seal (US Pharmacopeia), or you can't be sure there is any vitamin even in there! Outside the US I have no idea what brands are reliable. As for mechanism of absorption, vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin, so it is absorbed like a fat would be. Regardless, I would check in with your healthcare professional before starting a supplement; I take Vitamin D but that's because a blood level revealed I was deficient. I hope this helps?

[@aloysiuskabwe6697]

thank u mum

[@Theabhishek2222]

simple Nd easy... ND bdw ur art Nd craft is not 3rd grade....

[@panghkhkpang3959]

why Ach antagonist increase heart rate ?

[@TaiChiKnees]

Great question! It's actually a little complicated but very interesting! To understand it, you need to know that: 1) Normally, Ach binds Muscarinic receptors at the SA node (pacemaker cells in the heart) to LOWER heart rate. 2) At the same time, Norepinephrine (NEpi) binds beta-1 receptors in the SA node to RAISE heart rate. These two forces are ALWAYS working against each other to fine tune your heart rate. (Your heart rate is your body's first defense against a sudden blood pressure change so you need both systems in place.) So, if you block/antagonize the Muscarinic receptors in the SA node so that ACh can not bind, the NEpi rate raising effect is unopposed, and the heart rate goes up. Does that make sense? :-)

[@panghkhkpang3959]

+TaiChiKnees Oic, in order words, can i say the Ach atagonist indiectly increase the heart rate? Is it mean the function of Ach angonist and NEpi antagonist are similar, which DECREASE the heart rate and leads the parasympathetic nerve dominate the heart rate? And vice versa? Thanks, i am a Hong Kong Student and your video really helps!

[@TaiChiKnees]

panghk hkpang Yes and Yes. Sounds like you've got it! :-)

[@PIYUSHSHARMA-zr9jd]

Acetycholine is a ligand, which binds to Ach receptor.(i.e Ach is an agonist for this receptor). An antagonist has no action, BUT JUST TO BLOCK THE ACTION OF AGONIST.(By occupying its site on the receptor).NO, Ach agonist and NE antagonist ARE NOT SIMILIAR AT ALL. They JUST HAVE THE SAME CUMMULATIVE EFFECT ON HEART PARAMETERS( DUE TO DUAL INNERVATION OF HEART). Consider a situation in the periphery and then you will better appreciate the ACTUAL difference BTW them.

[@Xsais18]

lok'tar ogar! xD

[@naharalshammari9196]

for the horde

[@nadadenada319]

Im to high watching this

[@email1123]

darn these infeasible bears! ;p