Refeeding syndrome (TPN syndrome), pathophysiology, symptoms, treatment, pathology made easy

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📍 Refeeding syndrome is a metabolic condition that typically occurs in individuals receiving nutritional therapy through oral, enteral, or parenteral nutrition, after a period of severe malnutrition.
📍 Hallmarks of refeeding syndrome include electrolyte shifts, such as hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia; vitamin deficiencies, especially vitamin B1, also known as thiamine; fluid imbalances; and salt retention. Such shifts may lead to impaired organ function and cardiac arrhythmias.
📍 Refeeding syndrome is typically diagnosed when there is a high clinical suspicion and laboratory tests show the characteristic electrolyte changes such as elevated glucose levels, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesaemia. In most cases, no other tests are needed to confirm the diagnosis.
📍 Treatment of refeeding syndrome focuses on electrolyte and vitamin supplementation, as well as reduced energy intake and fluid administration. To prevent refeeding syndrome, caloric intake should be increased by only 200 to 300 kilocalories per day every 3 to 5 days until sustained weight gain is achieved at target levels. A potential trigger of refeeding syndrome is intravenous infusions of glucose prior to feeding, so this should be avoided.
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"Content is For Informational & Education Purpose Only, Creamed From Various Authentic Books of Pharmacy & Medicine. The Video Content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition."

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Diet plan bnanay ki tips btayein ke variety kese de ske aur calories distribute kese kerein ye b btayein AMDR wagera