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Several Muslim communities are included in the Other Backward Classes (OBC) reservation both at the central and state levels. The criteria for the OBC quota is social and educational backwardness. Article 16(4) of the Constitution provides for reservation for a “backward class of citizens, which in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State”. The OBC quota works differently in different states in AP. Andhra Pradesh, as per the 2011 census, Muslims constitute about 9.5% of the population. Muslim groups such as Dudekula, Laddaf, Pinjari/ Noorbash, and Mehtar are included in the state OBC lists, which have quotas ranging from 7% to 10%. However, there had been a push in the undivided state to follow the Karnataka and Kerala model to include all Muslims in the OBC category. First attempt in June 2004 and second attempt in 2005.However, the HC once again struck down the quota on the ground that the committee did not rely on objective criteria to conclude that Muslims as a group were backward in AP. The final hearing in the SC case was scheduled in 2022. However, since one of the issues involved was on the Indra Sawhney 50% limit on quotas, the SC had said that it would hear the case after the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) quota issue was decided. The EWS quota, which is also in excess of the 50% ceiling, was cleared by the SC in November 2022. However, the AP quota issue is yet to be heard.
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