Rorschach and Freudians: Crash Course Psychology #21

[@ShawnPhelpsVlog]

I appreciate Freud's theories and am so glad he made them, as they have led to so many more refined theories by others, however, I can't help but feel he did a great deal of "projecting" when it came to diagnosing people. Just because his own deep thoughts were sexual doesn't mean everyone else's are :p

[@furballsbizzae6876]

+biguattipoptropica Technically it does, but only for transgender females whom want to be male.

[@callum12321232]

+Shawn Phelps have your thoughts been that deep?

[@Milenkachan]

+Shawn Phelps What do you mean by "sexual"? The Freudian idea of sexuality, or just genitalia?

[@Guru_1092]

+biguattipoptropica Well to be fair, we humans are pretty jealous of just about everything and everyone we see.

[@academicned6236]

I totally agree with the first part i wish more people think about Freud that way However i completely disagree with the second one i think thats just a low blow, is to easy to fall for that rationalization, and too simplistic for a mind like Freud, i think is rather a compendium of his experience with patience and his ideas about the world

[@danilight3401]

This dude finished the first 5 pages of my book in 30 seconds I wish I'd discovered you earlier tbh you're amazing I'll keep watching these even after I finish my psych course

[@GuruVIII]

Who is this Rorschach guy and why does he keep painting pictures of my parents fighting?

[@crimson3362]

Guru VII underrated comment

[@spencerbarton5353]

Thank you to the animation team for animating Freud snorting a massive line of Cocaine off of his sleeve in the first scene. Made my day.

[@kharyrobertson3579]

It is amazing how close Freud was to a great description of human psychology, but then totally failed to apply any of his concepts, like projection, to himself, which may have helped him trim away the crazy parts of his theories.

[@joshuafoley4883]

The examples you provide are comical, awesome, and necessary. Your delivery is what turns these informative videos into an enjoyable and engaging study time.

[@megmotherwort]

Don't apologize for the set design. Hanging those Rorschach prints was an excellent choice. High-contrast, symmetrical, recognizable; they are a really nice touch!

[@necropolis1303]

Kanye probably sees himself in every one of those tests

[@ryano13]

Necro polis this is the best comment god dammit

[@mjolninja9358]

For You no, You are the best : )

[@sudeepjoseph69]

Amen, Kanye is christian now, hallelujah

[@crashcourse]

Herman Rorschach (no, not the guy from Watchmen) came up with the eponymous tests, but what do they mean? Why are we so fascinated with them despite the division in the world of Psychology? ***** tackles these topics as we take a closer look at personality in this episode of CrashCourse Psychology.

[@TheFireflyGrave]

Take 1 cup each of regression, projection, rationalization and denial. Mix well. Makes 1 internet.

[@koljkimm]

"unscientific, unreliable and dracula" A question that comes to mind, is the (ink) test falsifiable? Is there a state where the test is proven wrong or is it like a horoscope where you always can make some assumption?

[@lxjuani]

koljkimm en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorschach_test#Validity

[@drjackgerber]

+koljkimm It is NOT a test. Also there are several systems for scoring it (yes, it is scored) and some are much better than others. It is a common misconception that what you see (two bunnies or two broken corpses) is what is important. Actually, that is the least important part of the technique. It is scored but it usually takes a graduate student at least a year to learn how to score it and then interpret the scores. It is probably the best psychological assessment tool ever invented.

[@tomasavendano4054]

+TheFireflyGrave haha more like one GALLON OF EACH

[@GraeHall]

This was ace - I was finally able to get my head around id, ego and superego. Which I'd heard of often - and tried to look in to - but never really felt I understood clearly. Once again Crashcourse's visual communication is a huge help along with its verbal.

[@drjackgerber]

I found this episode of Crash Course absolutely amazing. I have been a psychologist for many years and am an expert on the Rorschach. You did a wonderful job of explaining the technique (it is not actually a test) which is very unusual. The whole series is wonderful. Well done!!!

[@MysticMD]

finals got us all like........

[@dddebolt]

Hank, you don't even know how much better these are than your older videos. You used to talk so fast and goofy I refused to watch your videos and only watched Johns. This is my first one back and you are talking slowly and I am really enjoying your style. Im super pumped now to because now I can go back and watch Crash Course Psychology instead of just US and World History!

[@hattie7306]

ok but can we discuss the irony of the fact that someone named karen HORNEY focuses on non-sexual motivations???

[@NosDarkly]

Freud said sometimes a cigar is just a cigar but I suspect he was thinking about slurping slongs.

[@djow314]

I would have thought that to him a cigar is somehow phallic.

[@lxjuani]

He actually didn't say it, it was some journalist.

[@bullrun2772]

Juan Garay actually no

[@marienapiere2924]

6:19 "These pants totally still fit!" He was so cuuuute HAHAHAHAHAHHAHAHAHA

[@photospectrum3726]

Seeing Fluffle Puff dancing on a rainbow at 11:12 made my day!

[@poisonempress]

Crash Course Psychology is something I'm watching to go over what I learnt in the past and see where I need to go back to, know a lot of it so far so that's good. Taking Psychology to try and better understand myself and so I can study how others act and why.

[@henrikg.2135]

02:06 To quote rise against: "How we survive is what makes us who we are." Wich may be simplistic but good as a starting point to see the personality as seperate from myth and mostly about past experiences.

[@orangejuice8339]

This comment section is ancient

[@mehprincess333]

Hank you're the best. Thank you so much for these videos! These videos are the one of the only things that keeps learning interesting and fun!

[@ambrosia6655]

Thank's for the B- grade. Really, thanks. I would have failed had it not been for you

[@danielmirandacastro7161]

Putting Freud, Jung, Maslow and Rogers in a 10 minute box is pretty tough, I think you guys could encourage people who got interested to actually take a closer look in all these stuff.

[@Martinvdzzz]

To this day this channel, like said in our day and time, keeps it real. Great work yet again!!!

[@renel8964]

1:38 when Freud wipes his nose then starts tweeking. I see what you did there 😅

[@shyboievris834]

XD

[@krishnanunni.k.l.8719]

Im in LOVE with the Coco... Coco...

[@FantasyBlade]

0:00 Should I be worried that both the images look like Space Invaders to me?

[@leotamer5]

Yes, you have a month to live before you waste all your on old arcade games and starve.

[@brittanyjackson1105]

nope i do too

[@enlightedjedi]

I think that's what everybody sees! The test is probably rigged!

[@EmdrGreg]

Only if you have SEEN the space invaders that they look like...

[@AaroN21WesT2]

***** i got 1228 real followers within a day from *instaPHAMOUS. COM*

[@abegailelaurza5919]

I'm just a person who aspires to be a psychologist and I am seriously inlove with this topic especially wth Freud and his defense mechanisms and psychosexual stage lesson.

[@JemLeavitt]

This is such a wonderful series. I can't wait for more. Thank you Hank and Crash Course!

[@1066Maverick]

4:51 is probably my favorite thought-bubble animation ever.

[@lauraoneill5409]

I genuinely adore this man. What a diamond. :)

[@cloudya28]

This was more useful and cohesive than my psych 101 textbook by far, not to mention more entertaining. Keep up the good work!

[@rebekkahschultz2691]

Thank you for this video. My summer English homework assumes I know about Freud's psychology work--and nobody has ever taught me anything about it. Now I can complete the assignment! =)

[@alyssadriscoll7181]

more helpful than my college textbook. bless this channel

[@PinkChucky15]

This is one of my favorite topics in Psychology.

[@siddhanttilokani8933]

So I'm studying psychoanalysis at college, and I just thought I'd share what this psychoanalyst who was a guest speaker told us about the Oedipus Complex. He believes that the Oedipus Complex has some basis, not in the sense that every child wants to sleep with his mother and kill his father, but think about it this way - the feelings towards the mother are a person's attraction to comfort and love, and the father represents the 'reality principle'. So little kids don't actually want to sleep with their mother, but they want to always stay in the comfort and safety she offers, while the father represents whoever makes that not possible to happen (hence, the 'reality principle'). He says that for this reason, when people have breakdowns, they go back to this phallic stage where they want to have that same comfort and safety their 'mother' offers. They go to mental institutions which becomes their 'mother' - their needs are taken care of, they feel that comfort and safety. In this situation, he says the reality principle is what your life outside is like. He finds a direct correlation between social & economic standing, and how soon they recover and leave the institution. If someone has friends and is wealthy, they'll be more encouraged to recover and leave. While people who've lost all of it want to just stay in this place that offers safety & comfort like their mother does.

[@carmensierra3935]

awesome description

[@mckennapipher]

I'm picking up what you're putting down, until you use "every child" and "he" in the same sentence. I was not aware that every child was male/male identifying. The more you know.

[@siddhanttilokani8933]

My bad, I didn't mean to come off as a male chauvinist. I only talked about 'he' cause the Oedipus story is about a male child. My way of framing it was pretty shitty, sorry for that...

[@mckennapipher]

Siddhant Tilokani no problem, sorry I got a bit saucy about it ^.^

[@ericvilas]

Someone I know told me a story of how he once tried to get a pilot's license to drive a plane. As part of a psychological test, he was given a Rorschach ink blot test, and one of his answers was something along the lines of "that looks like the ruins of a city that was bombed in a war" - they denied the license and he had to take the test again.

[@muerpa]

It was very helpful to learn about the historical development of this ideas and the transition to more modern systems of understanding

[@appleye18]

Hank Green!! I have seen so many of your videos. You are the reading voice in my head when I read textbooks!

[@alexis.everywhere]

A while ago in class, we read Lord of the Flies. After completing the book, we discussed how Id vs Ego and how they played a role within the boys on the island. I know in the Crash Course on this book John speaks against Golding's views on society, saying how it was tainted due to his experiences in war. Yet, I would say, for people who enjoy psychology as much as I do, I suggest reading Lord of the Flies and thinking about how Freud's ideas on personality, and the brain in general, effect the characters.

[@queenblank]

Love the Watchmen reference when you were listing people of interest, and it is so funny you mentioned the deco because i always swear the bottom right picture is Harley Quinn.

[@indigophillips5698]

Staying up all night watching crash course is the only way

[@penguinista]

I love that Rorschach showed up as the character from 'The Watchmen' in the lineup of household names.

[@manie.8241]

What does it mean if I actually found nothing within the blots?

[@KhalidElwaleed]

At the first time i saw them(many years ago) , i actually see some stuff , but after i understand the full purpose of the test and what it's mean i became unable to see any meaningful picture !! ..... so i think it's rationality

[@sweetpeaLp7]

the blots are nostalgic for me, because i used to see all sorts of possibilities in them, feeling exhilaration from tapping into what i believed was my potential. i notice that being further distracted by negative-mind (what potential i do not believe i have going for me, or how much of a human i am not) has worn me out- e.g., not being able to see much in clouds or blots, reiterating my drained esteem in "having an imagination" to myself. totally devastating.

[@JPerry-jw9ik]

That you're completely devoid of imagination and unable to associate with abstract concepts. One that experiences this can learn and grow and the brain can be "rewired" so there is hope. Best of luck!

[@crimson3362]

Maxemus i didn’t really see much in the ink blots and i’m a music producer so i have no trouble with imagination or creativity or dealing with abstract concepts

[@kotieboatz6042]

Anybody have finals tomorrow

[@rishacool]

+kotie boatz Yes!!

[@HelenMcNizzle]

I have an exam todayyyyy

[@alexia6107]

+Helen McNeil Tomorrow, gotta get ready!!

[@HelenMcNizzle]

Alexia Urbina I received two As on my past psychology exams thanks to Crash Course!!! I loveeeeeeeeeee the CC crew!!! Plus, they helped me get a B in one of my Chem courses last year

[@EmilyRose1]

Nope!!

[@xamit1u]

I was intrigued until I spotted the PFUDOR. Now I'm just trying to contain my intense and undying love for this channel.

[@Shaeress]

Well, the Rorschach test does have valid use in the field today and it actually works. The theory that people will project their feelings, personality, memories and thus any potential psychosocial issues onto a Rorschach test as they are in any other situation is true. The criticism is that it can be so very difficult to determine where those projections come from and what they mean. That it means something and comes from somewhere is obvious, but I might have reasons that are psychosocially dysfunctional for very psychosocially functional reasons (such as saying that they look like body parts and blood splatter because I'm a surgeon or just having seen a splatter film earlier that day). Just like dreams can be analysed to determine things about the person having them it's not very useful on a personal level because the data required to make any useful conclusions or even knowing what to look for makes it rather useless in most cases. So, there are a couple of basic things that address this. Some of these things and a lot of the "secrets" behind the test is often kept out of the public mind on purpose. The images themselves, for example, haven't really been accessible for the general public until rather recently. This is because the patient knowing more about the test will change how the test goes and the primary way that the Rorschach test has become reliable is simply because there's such a huge amount of data on it. The test itself hasn't changed much in a hundred years and has been widely used since then. The uses for the test, what data we gather during the test and how we analyse that data are all things that have changed, however. There's a LOT of statistics on responses, behaviours and later diagnoses logged and available for many cultures and with such a vast amount of data it is just basic statistics that allow us to make some simple assumptions, even if we might not understand everything that goes on behind the answer. With just a purely statistical approach we can make many reasonable guesses with almost any data we collect, if we have a big enough back log, and with enough variety in responses given... even if those questions would happen to be useless in and of themselves (so it wouldn't matter if it's a Rorschach test or something else). Of course, the statistics look different and test results that look normal for one culture might be worrying in another and some responses might rarely occur outside some given culture (maybe a common animal that lives only there). There are a lot of other reasons as well, but I don't think I should go into that here and now. One of the biggest concerns with the statistical approach I've mentioned is that if something where to suddenly change the answers people give, the test could be statistically unreliable (at least until more and new data is gathered). Knowing how the test works and having looked at the images before could significantly change your test results... and while new results don't ruin the statistical method (unless you go out of your way to fake certain results) it does make the statistics we already have less applicable. All that information is available on the Internet, so you can look it up yourself if you feel the need to... just let your psychologist know before doing the test, if you ever do.

[@ryandupuis5860]

i feel like as these episodes went on, you deviated more and more from the *neuro-biology* of things, which really helps me understand more.

[@shazuliyah]

I've always seen the inkblot on the top right of the set as a uterus so????

[@kkateli]

If your AP is today, hi and good luck. I hope u select all the correct answers.

[@UrpleSquirrel]

I think Freud's idea that the unconscious was all about sex was WAY more a product of his culture than an inherent human trait. I mean, he grew up during the Victorian era, which was not exactly known for celebrating sexual freedom.

[@Laharal55]

Great videos as always. The recap at the end is a nice pedagogical touch.

[@rorschach1088]

Hurm interesting

[@kirakiryu1020]

+Rorschach HEY! I'M THE REAL RORSCHACH!

[@rorschach1088]

Rorschach Hurm

[@ahcokris]

+Mysterion just don't mention me in your argument. sincerely, God =) yeah, the real one

[@Ms3queen]

What was with Freud and sex, anyway? Why was Freud so obsessed with sex? What was with that? Anyone know?

[@lxjuani]

He studied hysteria. Also, he listened to Wilhelm Fliess too much.

[@Ms3queen]

***** Well, there's me, for instance. I think you'll find there are plenty of others like me, too.

[@ShawnPhelpsVlog]

Ms3queen Freud was projecting ;)

[@unixone7558]

+Ms3queen Sex is honestly the farthest thing from my mind at this point in my life.

[@seopark7467]

+Phi6er asexuals.

[@oliviajohannes7616]

first psychology exam tomorrow, THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!

[@GraceGlenmore]

I'm so happy we are onto personality now! :D

[@adamcobb7892]

Ive been binge watching

[@jadednightwing]

I really hope they cover the Myers-Briggs next week, as that has become a very popular personality study

[@bullrun2772]

JadedNightwing yay I like

[@williamdavis9630]

Your vids are sooooo much better than Khan Academy. Thanks!

[@amitherobyn5081]

😂 "these pants totally still fit" lmao I'm dying

[@lauralouise9920]

I just love personality. To me, it is the most interesting part of psychology. Hoping to learn about the Jungian functions and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator!!!

[@DanielC01000100]

At last someone explains this clearly

[@CalumnMcAulay]

Your delivery of this information full on! :-)

[@1TrueJuliet]

I got a little more excited than I should have when I got admitted to a behavioral health facility one time and a doctor told me that he'd be doing a Rorschach test on me.

[@ruthy6000]

I don't even do psychology, I just find this really interesting

[@kujmous]

I think there are important lessons that we learn as we develop. The Cookie Jar Experiment describes one of them: the lesson that others have their own perception. There is also the moment a child recognizes they are human like their parents. There is also the moment they realize they are growing bigger. When they realize that they are aging. When they realize they can control their body. There are small moments in our development that we all share.

[@thrivingwithbipolar]

Terrific resource. Thank you 🙂

[@wesleyjansen6019]

When he kept showing Rorschach from Watchmen I got so happy lmao

[@GregTom2]

I love how the tought bubble for Freud is on cocaine the first second he's on screen.

[@joezupko]

Freuds concept of the id totally helps explain why all people care about is food, sex, power, and money. We deep down are merely animals with simple desires, like the low level of the hierarchy of needs

[@skyehays7565]

I love your decor. While the test is out the images are fun to look at and just see different things. I think it's less psychology and more like a fun art toy.

[@seriouslythisisjust]

on a completely separate note, can we have a CrashCourse Philosophy???? that would be really really awesome

[@matthewweller8733]

Am I the only one that listened to Hank's psychology videos for information and then, now is searching for the books mentioned???

[@emmajanofsky]

I have a test in 1 hour. I was absent this whole week and missed the unit. I took all the notes last night. Wish me luck.

[@pollyreed17]

Crash course is about to make me pass this exam. It starts in 20 minutes.

[@seriouslythisisjust]

Denial is a horrible thing, as I learned a couple of years ago. I was so deep in denial about my mom's alcoholism that it was happening for several years before I even consciously faced it--and only then because I was explicitly told what was happening. The thing about denial is that when it's that strong, it's not just "No that thing is not true" or "No that thing is not happening", it's "What thing?". I was so deep in denial that I consciously registered my mom's drunkenness and actually said to her on occasion "stop, you're acting like you're drunk", but it never entered my mind that she really was drinking. It's worse than that though. Because I don't know if denial is just inherent in some people, or whether it's just me, but... when my mom finally began to get help (especially with the bipolar disorder which was the real cause of her issues) I was hopeful--because I am generally an optimistic person to the point of being ignorant sometimes--so hopeful that I believed for the entirety of last summer that my mom was "just sick" like she told me, and that was why she couldn't really eat anything or get of bed. It wasn't until my uncle told me that he had found alcohol stashed all around the apartment that I realized I had again been in denial, despite thinking I had already learned my lesson. So in all honesty, I don't know if I have learned my lesson in denial, or if it's something that will continue to plague me for the rest of my life.

[@DancinYonatan]

Question: at 2:46 he says that there are 4 competing personality theories. I find it difficult to point them out in this episode, can someone please help me with this? Thank you !

[@LaraSchilling]

They warned me about Freud. This episode has made me more terrified of my (potential split) personality. I think I need to stop learning about this stuff for a while and stick to good ol' A&P.

[@michaelpower1989]

Also in all analysis the patient is the therapist, known as the analysand meaning "analyser"

[@trw45q]

5:57 hank dramatizations are damn awesome

[@MeegsyB]

Considering the show is now broaching the topic of personality, I'd love to see some information on personality disorders (such as DID) and how they form or function in the mind thrown in the mix.

[@lordcthulhu17]

I really liked freud freaking out nice touch

[@immunetouSP]

I freaking lost it when Freud snorted coke and started twitching! Omg so great!

[@akrulla]

Adam Curtis - Century of the self. View this subject matter in much more detail. Well worth watching.

[@clarinetato]

These videos are great! Yet, I would suggest a lesson about Lacan. He revolutionized psychoanalisis and how we read Freud.

[@vaisnavi1000]

You are a life saver love your videos please add more topics in Uni and you help me so much :)

[@lankas]

You've forgotten to talk about Jacques Lacan! Tremendous impact in psychoanalysis and philosophy.

[@naseebaahmed6976]

the should do grammar Crash Courses

[@stvltiloqvent]

i want a linguistics crash course actually!

[@isaiahtheraccoon8928]

That would be awesome!!

[@kayleedork6153]

Yes, there should also be art history course and more mythology 😁

[@Sean-tx8ol]

lol I think you mean "They" should do "Crash Course Grammar lessons," as opposed to "the should do grammar Crash Courses."

[@MrSushiroll95]

Love! Thanks so much, you helped me pass my psychology class! ❤

[@beekah992]

I don't get how the "sexual feelings towards mother and hate/jealousy" towards father thing is only referring the the phycology of males. I want to know how females go through those stages too according to this guy. But doesn't nature HIGHLY prevent us from being sexually attracted to family members due to inbreeding? Don't kids simply look up to their parents? I don't really understand this theory.

[@MrBastianGray]

Freud argued that the existence of a universal taboo against incest did not suggest a natural revulsion. After all, why would everyone so emphatically forbid something no one wanted to do? Rather, he argued that incestuous attraction was the norm. Human society discourages it because it creates self contained families, instead of forcing families to intermarry and create new bonds within the community. Later research would show that, contrary to Freud's beliefs, there is a natural resistance to incest, at least between people raised as siblings.

[@36inc]

There is no such thing as natural revulsion; You have millions of appeals and just as many criticisms, but not for whole subjects. every so now and agian you see people devlope fetishs for minute details like feet or Hair- Think of your appeal as like that but not so focused- youre judging every detail and what you like or dislike may not always be so obvious. So maybe youre not gay- there however may be a person of your sex that matches up with all your appeals- nothing is absolute.

[@EmmaBonn96]

I like to believe that it is purely chemical The pheromones of one's gender opposite parent is often the first we are exposed to It manifests it self in a way when we become attracted to people who are similar to that parent In my opinion it works for both genders It's just that Oedipus was male and the patriarchy

[@edi9892]

I dislike the concept as well, but it appears to be a fact that boys predominently side with their mothers and girls with their fathers unless they are utter failures. You see it predominently in divorces. Also the parents tend to favor the kids of opposite gender. I don't see it as sexual attraction, but it might affect the later choice of partners (thus having similar traits if you liked it from your parent; or the opposite if not)

[@bugoftheleaves]

along with the idea of an electra complex as mentioned previously, some of freud's first test subjects that lead to a few of the ideas were...less that ideal of what would usually be accepted (especially by today's standards). it's been a while so i don't remember some of the specifics, sorry: he had small sample (under 10) and it was lacing in variety. all were well-to-do austrian females. as he applied the use of psychoanalysis, he began to uncover stories from these women definite signs of sexual abuse, specifically, incestuous sexual abuse. his initial reports and studies had more to do with those findings. this next part is up for debate, but the psych and scientific community as well as social ideals did not sit well with his first reports (understandably so- incest abuse within wealthy families...) however, after that happened, freud began to alter some of his findings with the women and it developed into the freudian theory we have now. his test sample size and variations, along with other factors are a part of why some of his theories (oedipus complex, mainly) are studied more from a historical approach than taken for its accuracy. however, many say he had some good points in concepts of psychoanalysis, and a few other ideas that spring-boarded further study. thus endeth the lesson...

[@RamtasticNargles]

Brought here by my professor for a Theories of Personality course! DFTBA

[@therulesapply_6327]

Now watchmen makes sense. MIND BLOWN!!!!

[@chicoarraes]

and by coke, he means cocaine, kids.

[@mattgaliano8207]

Had to check the urban dictionary to confirm a squashed frog is what I thought it was, don't think hank was aware of that when making this episode. Great episode though, huge fan of the series.

[@kinglink9541]

In Game of Thrones terminology: My Superego-Danerys Targaryen My Ego-Tyrion Lannister/Jon Snow My Id: Jaime Lannister

[@ryanjyancey]

Using the word "titillating" when talking about Sigmund Freud. I see what you did there.

[@SioTisfy]

Oh that Kratos animation was awesome!

[@emilytheweirdo4752]

I don’t know what makes me me but a lot of the times I feel like I’m more than one person,like when in morning when I’m supposed to get up for work,there’s a voice in my head says,”Sleep for another minute,you’re not gonna be late for work.” And another voice says,”Get up! You are being lazy! It’s time to go to work!” And a third voice is like,”Well,I don’t know what to do.” Do I have some kind of mental disorder or does everyone feel this way one time or another?

[@ArturoStojanoff]

I can't wait make the other one already!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@Xemptuous]

Freud was absolutely correct; the two main drives are sex and aggression. This is true from nature itself; life aims to reproduce and dominate other life. Now we use them in healthy and constructive means. As for his other proposals, you can never prove or disprove them, for psychology is a philosophy of the mind. All we can do is stick to the one that shows the most positive results, while questioning its validity. Rorshack tests have been shown to work a vast majority of the time. Even I had a rorshack done, and it gave me the most in depth telling of my psyche. People tens to view psychology as a science and that it needs evidence 100%, but it cant. Neuroscience is the science of the Brain while Psychology is the study of the Mind. Plus, Freud was the first and only psychologist to invent a whole system of psychology. Since Freud, people have only make individual systems that are a part of Freuds whole. and yes, Oedipus complex is true. Dont believe me? Tell a psychologist of a dream you had, and if its a dream based on Oedipal desires (which everyone has, no matter how resolved or unresolved it is) if they tell you it, you will become angry and frustrated. This is unconscious defensiveness, which usually means a repressed truth is being pointed out.

[@letisrl]

+Xemptuous The fact that it works, doesn't mean it's true. those are two different things, particularly when the psychoanalytic theory is self-fulfilling. Virtually any sort of critisism to psychoanalysis can (and probably would) be labeled as a "intelectual resistance" or a resistance of any other kind, which is an actual thing Freud conceptualized. Basically an psychoanalyst can give you any form of interpretation and, because it mingles with suggestion and the already unbalanced power structure between a psychoanalyst and its patient, you would probably either accept it or deny it: and either of those reaction can be considered the unconscious defensiveness or the unconscious trying to reveal itself.

[@mayo.naiyse967]

I really love the levels of moral development! Look up Tim Jennings.. he talks about it a lot ☺