Russian - perfective and imperfective verbs, aspect - совершенный и несовершенный вид глаголы

In this video we will start learning the difference between perfective and imperfective - what is the basic logic, how they are formed, how they are used in different tenses etc. It's an essential topic in Russian Grammar!
My channel - / antoniaromaker
My group - RusWithPas
My facebook group - / ruswithpas

[@princenisha4612]

this is really helping me with my russian language studies.thank you very much.you are the best russian language teacher

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you! You are very kind! ;)

[@MrAlitheengineer]

I am learning russian now with a teacher, I couldn't understand the perfective and imperfective aspects till I watched your video..I am so grateful and would really thank you..It was really helful for me..I am so glad that now I know the russian aspects..Thank you

[@balazsszijarto3277]

Thank you so much. You are the first one who made me understand these tenses completely. Great examples, nice explanation.

[@tovincentchia]

Very impressive, both in terms of concepts and moral support for any student on the journey of Russian Language learning. Thanks

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Vincent Chia and thank you for your kind comment! :)

[@beasheerhan4482]

Моя дорогая Антония, большое спасибо за этот замечательный урок. то, что вы представили, было настолько основательным, что просто невозможно запутаться в русской системе глаголов, которая, в общем, довольно проста - в отличие от ее порочной системы предложных падежей! Спасибо за духовный совет и поддержку! Всего хорошего!

[@aravinds8429]

Molodyets, Sestra. Bolshoye spasiba za vashu otlichnuyu pomosh

[@hagosfromrussia6770]

Hey Antonia Romarker !!! I really appreciate your help, now i am taking my Russian language class in order to study my masters degree in Russian language. At first Russian language was very difficult for me, but now with the help of your videos i managed to understand the language. i still have some problems with where to STRESS when you read a word, but now i want to say THANK YOU VERY MUCH AND YOU DESERVE A BIG HUG !!!

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Hagos FromRussia thank you, dear! It means a lot! Such comments warm my hear and keep me going! ;)

[@agusputrawan4960]

The best Chanel to learn Russian..

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you!

[@arizakram6517]

Thank you so so much. I can't believe it's 9 year old but still amazing with full energy

[@AntoniaRomaker]

You're so welcome!

[@yigitdurdu4536]

I have been drowning in these for few days. This video clarified that shortcoming. Спасибо

[@basicinfo6816]

писать - написать читать - прочитать учить - выучить пить - выпить делать - сделать есть - съесть завтракать - позавтракать обедать - пообедать ужинать - поужинать звонить - позвонить готовить - приготовить платить - заплатить --------------------- встречать - встретить отвечать - ответить спрашивать - спросить показывать - показать рассказывать - рассказать забывать - забыть вставать - встать давать - дать понимать - понять выбирать - выбрать покупать - купить брать - взять говорить - сказать

[@user-qi5vf2ws8t]

Thanks Antonia! Well! As for me, it was not difficult to understand that читать is an imperfect and прочитать is a perferct verb. But when прочитывать is an imperfect verb, I started winding gears. But with drills I will manage.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

I understand! ❤️ You can do this!

[@dmitrychoobise]

С суффиксами ива/ыва это "вторичный" несовершенный вид, образованный от глагола совершенного вида. Общая схема такая глагол(несов.вид) _ приставка+глагол(сов.вид) _ приставка+глагол+ива/ыва(вторичный несов.вид).

[@naanaramatu3182]

Thanks very much 🌷💝 I really got my teacher angry because I didn't understand anything ,but now I've understood it very well ,thanks a lot for your help 😇🌷

[@zulkiflijamil4033]

Добрый день Antonia Romaker. Мой пример следующий; Вчера я прочитал газету. Урааа!

[@ellenjoyce8370]

Thank you so much! This was super helpful, you are a great teacher!

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you! :)

[@BillEvans1956]

This has been very helpful. Thank you.

[@sylvieiwanesko5873]

Antonia vous êtes géniale merci beaucoup pour vos encouragements et votre soutien ainsi que votre travail 😘😘😘😘😘

[@davecullins1606]

I've had trouble with thus for WEEKS and I now finally got it - THANKS!!

[@kemchobhenchod]

First I come here for the rational and clear minded explanation that makes sense, then I go to R for Russian for the weird explanation that makes no sense, but helps me remember this one. I would love to see your two channels work together.. I think you guys could do great things.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you for your kind comment :) probably we will ;)

[@427predator]

you mean the explanation that goes "so this word dosent want to be like the others, (SMURF) it wants to be special (SMURF) and its this way so you wont twist your tongue (KITTY)...(MORE SMURFS)" No thank you...

[@avj314]

An explanation of top quality! Very well organized. Well done. Thank you.

[@matthewbrady9342]

Great content. Helpful and inspirational.

[@mergulkqsimova7699]

Спасибо,Антония.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Mergul Kqsimova не за что! :)

[@indranichatterjee1046]

I am very glad I found you. Perfective n Imperfective seem much easier now. You r a good teacher.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you so much!

[@rishikeshpillai3085]

Очень хорошо, спасибо

[@Rigonatti_Angelo]

Thanks for the class, you help me a lot

[@AntoniaRomaker]

My pleasure 🥰

[@dwbush777]

So, so helpful! Thank you. I enjoy watching and learn so much from all of your videos so far. The BEST in explaining!

[@trulr]

Bulgarian here. Modern day Bulgarian and Russian are both decedents of the same church-slavonic language. We have kept or altered different aspects of the language. We have both shifted certain vowels that are no longer in use like Ѣ, Ѫ, etc. And we both have aspects of our verbs. The seeming exceptionality of "покупать" can be easily explained with the changes that occurred in the language through the ages. First, there is an imperfective-perfective pair: "покупать" and "покупить", but the latter verb is already archaic. Second, there should have been imperfective-perfective pair: "купать" and "купить", but due to vowel shift, the archaic word for bathe, "кѫпати", collapsed in Russian into "купать", thus destroying the above pair as "купать" nowadays is used only in the meaning of "to bathe". This problem does not exist in Bulgarian, because our vowel shift of "ѫ" went into a sound similar to the vowel in "her". As the closest Russian vowel to the vowel in "her" is "ы", there could have been a word "кыпать" instead, hadn't the Russian vowel shift followed a different route. Here is an old text with the word "покупить". "Для жъ сохраненія солдатъ отъ дальнѣйшаго по жесточайшимъ морозамъ изнуренія весьма нужно покупить на нихъ шубы, онучи и лапти, что я и приказалъ." Я. К. Грот, «Материалы для истории Пугачевскаго бунта», 1862 г.

[@davidjhills]

"Modern day Bulgarian and Russian are both decedents of the same church-slavonic language." I can't agree with you. Modern day Bulgarian is descendant of the dialect, which Old Church Slavonic was based on. Russian, in its turn is a descendant of the Old Russian language (a common ancestor for Ukrainian and Belorusian languages). Though, Russian, in its own time, underwent the influence of Church Slavonic, a Russian form of Old Church Slavonic.

[@colinlyne8688]

Very good. Well taught. Thank you.

[@suzannebaumer7003]

What a brilliant information about this very hard and never ending topic 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼 Thank you 💓so much for your help 🙋🏻‍♀️

[@salamnkri882]

I love the way you teach ❤️❤️

[@marcintime]

отлично! A splendid introduction to aspects, thanks so much.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

❤

[@omaryousfi-idrissi1333]

Thank You very much ; ) From France - Paris

[@AntoniaRomaker]

You are welcome ;)

[@dimasveliz6745]

Ms.Antonia, I got to tell you how helpful are your videos. As a Russian formal language student, I had checked quite lots of videos which always try to explain this topic, regarding aspects of verbs and in order to evaluate them. But, you have shown an absolutely easy and user-friendly manner to explain it. At the moment of watching this video, I'm already familiar with this, so I'm pos-congratulating you and wishing you to keep going. An advice for this valuable channel is just to sort the content in a playlist :)

[@AntoniaRomaker]

I am very glad you find my lesson useful and easy to understand ;)

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Aren't these playlists enough? kzbin.infoplaylists?shelf_id=0&view=1&sort=dd

[@danielbernadettekourouma4948]

You are the best teacher, very good teacher. I really appreciate your way to teach.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you so much! :)

[@danielbernadettekourouma4948]

@@AntoniaRomaker your welcome, you deserve it

[@MM-zd4md]

super. much love from Germany.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you 🙌

[@yashmadhwal9662]

Such a Calm, easy, smooth and comforting video, Well Explained :)

[@jaimebolanos9434]

THANK YOU VERY MUCH TEACHER! YOUR METHODOLOGY REALLY WORKS!!! HELLO FROM MEXICO! :) :) :)

[@AntoniaRomaker]

you are very welcome! ;) Greetings from Russia!

[@waltrichmond7370]

Very good video! I'm including this in my Russian 102 class.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you! I am glad you like it! what do you mean? :)

[@kemchobhenchod]

He's going to put a link to the video in the syllabus after the lesson, or on the online course webpage.. he's a PhD at the University of Souther California.

[@aaronhurlock8915]

Thank you as always. I need to memorize aspect pairs. I have the 500 russian verb book that goes through alot of this, but you lesson really reinforced and guided my studies. Thank you. I need to find the lesson that covered что нибуд.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Что-нибудь? What do you need to know? What book do you use?

[@mariettapapp8542]

Extremely useful video. Thank you.

[@user-yv8kr6eb3m]

Thank you very very very very much Antonia...really love your videos :)

[@AntoniaRomaker]

D sayed I am very happy to know this! Thank you for watching! ;)

[@mikedragonlord07]

Thank you very much!

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Miguel Ángel Gómez Velasco you are welcome ;)

[@omarayman4795]

Спасибо 😊 💓

[@vincentjinjianchia2593]

Excellent. Thanks a lot. Very helpful.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Jin Jian Chia I am glad you found it useful! :)

[@richarddiasribeiro429]

As always, an incredible, throughout class! Thanks.

[@colinlyne8688]

Excellent English too!

[@starlordjae2577]

Actually English only has 2 tenses the past and the present this is because a tense is defined as a change to the verb itself the -ed ending which represent the past tense. And also English doesn't have a Future tense because you are the helping verb "will" with the infinitive of the verb. This is why French and Italian along with any other romance language has 3 tense the present, past and future because the verb is actually changed in each tense unlike English

[@sabakhelashvili6360]

English has only 2 tenses? are you joking? Tense is not only verb changing.

[@dohtorbune9753]

Saba khelashvili It is true. English has only 2 tenses, just like the %90 of the world's languages: Present and Past. Because Future "tense" actually is not a tense, it is a modality. A lot of people misconcept the ideas of "tenses, aspects and modalities". Let's take a look at this sentence "I will have been studying by then." So this sentence is in 'present tense, perfective and progressive aspects and futurity modality.' In order to change the tense into Past, then it is.. "I would have been studying by then."

[@arunsoni2799]

Thank for explaining me 🙏

[@AntoniaRomaker]

No problem 😊

[@alimoonlight7982]

Thanks my Teacher

[@Jake4Janice]

As a child, I was taught only 3 Tenses in the English language. They were the same as Russian Tenses. I had no idea that someone complicated it even more.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

This is a way to study all this ;)

[@salmansidiq]

I am confused about those. Thank you so much for your support.

[@danielfrancoise8881]

very well expleined my dear.thank you so much

[@SeenSiro]

It's Nov 2022, and I am in Russia trying to learn this amazingly challenging language. Пожелай меня удачи.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Hi! Желаю тебе сил и удачи 🥰

[@kholilgibran2576]

Thank you so much, you're helping my midterm tests.

[@osamasaleh3563]

thanks a lot ur video has been useful

[@amineelamari8092]

Thank you so much this is incredible. .. my day was bad because of this lesson i didn't understand it .. but after watching your video... i understand it whole ... just thank you .. great job you are молодец! )))))

[@Sahil50rga]

It was really nice video and thanks for sharing it.

[@danielb9502]

Спасибо большое!! Это Очень ясно

[@Thessy_kings]

Thanks , I always understand ❤️💕

[@slavkokonovalenko4369]

How do you know what prefix to use? Should we just always use "по" ? Please help me

[@zeynbbabayeva9327]

thanx for this video, it is very good and useful for me☺️😍

[@ademyildizlanguages]

Ура, я не сделал ошибок ! Спасибо большое за бесплатную знанию. Это тема трудно понять но вы объясните доступно и ясно. Как я понимаю, что в русском языке есть две формы. Форму нсв и форму св. Нсв часто длинные чем св и если в глаголе есть "ыва" это нсв. Просто нужно выучить их наизусть. Я желаю всем успехов в изучении русского языка и не унывать но быть мудрым.

[@mmushfig]

Great job and thanks so much

[@janoakley2871]

In English “had done something” indicates the past in the past.eg when I had eaten my dinner I went out. This means I ate my dinner first then I went out. Another example, she arrived after I had left. This means I left then she arrived.

[@raerae2964]

u explained this so well 💓💓 thank you :)

[@Anne24499]

i can not understand this when they explain in my native language, but i can understand cleary in this video ! Большое спасиьо !!

[@AntoniaRomaker]

I am glad my video helped you! :)

[@anagl1281]

Hi! I love your videos and explanations! Thank you for the tip of advice at the end to stay strong

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Ana Gl thank you very much! :)

[@anagl1281]

+Antonia Romaker - English and Russian online Also the 10 sentences at the end are very useful. Reading these sentences was great practice because it has in-depth application of the concepts.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Ana Gl I am very glad they helped! :)

[@medsaleck7325]

Thank you soo much for this brilliant explanation 👌

[@AS-pp1rd]

Thank you for your great explanations :-)

[@martinneosel3403]

Антония. 11:15 Почему мы используем слово "по" перед цифрой "три" в этом предложении пожалуйста? 14:14 Я также размышлял почему мы используем слово "да" перед "забываешь" в упражнении № 4.

[@vadimr9090]

That was a wonderful explanation, thank you. Molodietz. Don't get me started on the French language; verbs, tenses... Beautiful language as is Russian.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Thank you! I hope that someday I will have time to study French :)

[@MrJrfromdr]

Thank you for this motivation

[@yuriboyka7798]

great video, thank you

[@AntoniaRomaker]

You are welcome!

[@maxcamaxca5905]

thanks

[@mathiasg5514]

ochen horosho!

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Mathias G спасибо большое! ;)

[@miraslansamedov1572]

Should we necessarily specify a time range when we use perfective future in Russian as we do in English - I will have complete my task within a week/ for 3 days/by tomorrow ?

[@NavdeepSinghIndo-Russian]

Have you uploaded video on если бы, I need it , because my exams are coming ,pls reply as soon as possible

[@laurencecordier9919]

Thank you Antonia for your videos . I' m so eager to improve . "Я учила не выучила" когда я была в университете between 1993-95 . May I tell you that "Yesterday I had read " doesn't seem appropriate to me if it isn't followed by for example ... : the phone rang . Why not say : I was reading ... When I was at the university, the teachers told us there are only two tenses in English : Past and present and two aspects and modals . Thank you for your work . Пока Антоня !

[@AntoniaRomaker]

My Russian name is Антонина ;) Two tenses in English, really? :)

[@laurencecordier9919]

@@AntoniaRomaker Definitely ! I was taught that way . That is the combination of these tenses present and past and aspects be-ing and have-en which give us all the possibilities . I think listening to you I am understanding the questions I was asking myself at that time and perhaps Imperfective is just like be-ing and perfective : Have-en . However in English there are also simple present and simple past which are used to enunciate and in the case of past action is done . What do you think of it ? Just think of it ! Special thoughts of my teacher of grammar who passed several years ago . Я очень рада если помогаю бас . Пока Антонина !

[@laurencecordier9919]

@Ivan Нет Пожалуйсто почитайте меня, вы поймете .

[@laurencecordier9919]

@Ivan Простите меня . Я не понимала . Я учила Русски язийк два года, двацать семь лет . мой кот Иван ! Правда

[@laurencecordier9919]

@Ivan Я учила ангийский язык двацать два года не Русский язык . Простите я вас не понимаю .

[@Beloved_tasha]

You're video has helped me a lot, thank you so much.. I have a little problem with verbs of motion using prefixes... can you help me out please?

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Joy Obinwa I am glad it helped! :) As for verbs with prefixes I am planning to make it, just not sure when yet.

[@Cavegeckosol]

I think this was really helpful to me. I find it easy to remember the perfective verb along with its imperfective because, though I can't describe it, they sound logical together. I have a question, though. Some of my native speakers use a perfective verb in its infinitive form in complex verb phrases. For instances, they could say "Мне нужно прочитать книгу." The concept of "needing" is happening in the present, but phrase implies completion in the future. Is this something that Russian speakers do? Use the perfecrive in its infinitive in present tense complex verb phrases? I see this a lot with the verb сделать and, honestly, I think I see my friends using this perfective form more than its imperfective form.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Solstice Song the result of us doing smth is very important, so perfective forms are used quite often, I guess, you are right. As for using perfective in phrases like you have described, it is quite common, and in most cases (maybe even in all of them) we use perfective verbs, I need to think about it and investigate it further :)

[@johnklassen9844]

Will. Can I describe your theater level ? Scale 1 through 10 , I gave you a 12 . Always Cooking something good . Thanks Antonia .

[@MrYorickJenkins]

The present tense is NOT used for the past in English, in fact that is a standard learner mistake ("I am living here for 3 years"). The point about the perfect continuous in English is that it runs from the past into the present but it does not denote the present tense alone. "I have been living here for three years"

[@johns.8366]

I guess I was too curious about the aspects... now I feel kinda sorry for my brain xD but this won't stop me to learn more :) great lesson :D btw I'm a new subscriber :)

[@DeadnWoon]

This is almost always the same as indefinite and perfect tenses in English.

[@egyptianplanner]

Dear Antonia , The main problem and question is how the 12 tenses in English have been covered in the Russian language through the time line using only 3 tenses ??? !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I Study that there is 5 tenses in Russian (cosidering Future Simple and Future Compound ) using HCB and CB but I am still confused .

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Which one is the fifth then? As for Future Simple and Future Compound you are right ;)

[@egyptianplanner]

@@AntoniaRomaker HCB Past and CB Past and Present in addition to Future Simple and Future Compound ( Total 5 tenses)

[@bigrichtexas7090]

excellent

[@Massod32]

finally I got it, I was wondering but it is clear now

[@rme36]

How can something like "understand" be perfective? Do you then completely understood something, oder what?

[@DeadnWoon]

I'd say, it is rather about understanding during some time (up to infinity) vs understanding as such without any time duration marked. "Perfective" to understand means that somebody has understood smth, "imperfective" version means that somebody understands smth in time (which is like a continuation of the perfective form's meaning). Both of these forms imply that understanding is complete, but one is about complete understanding for some time, while the perfective rather tells about the very first moment of complete understanding.

[@rme36]

DeadnWoon Well, thank you very much for the explanation. :)

[@DeadnWoon]

Olaf Antiböse russian.stackexchange.com/questions/518/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%CC%81%D1%82%D1%8C-or-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C

[@vertexvertex5165]

Dear teacher, could you please suggest some way to classify HCB-CB pairs in to groups for easily remember? For example, when CB=HCB+prefix, when CB=HCB+infix...

[@AntoniaRomaker]

I am not familiar with the acronym, what does it stand for?

[@AntoniaRomaker]

I see, несовершенный вид. For now I don't have any ideas about creating such groups, but if I do later, I'll make a video about it ;)

[@luayhejje1760]

God bless you

[@AntoniaRomaker]

Luay Hejje thank you :)

[@tarungarg8521]

Hello ...... Your video is very helpful . But I am confused in начать-начинать и кончать-кончить .....I know which is perfective and imperfective but dont know how to use them in sentences ......if possible please explain by giving an example . I will be so thankful ))

[@FreeManIraq58]

Hello Antonia,, please make a video for aspects in infinitive and in imperative cases. they're quite abiguous to me! (( thank you!

[@SirusStarTV]

imperative is not a case, but declension. Verbs have infinitive form and don't have cases.

[@Haru23a]

This is a great video. Couldn't we translate the perfective of "Ya Prochitala Kinigu"- for a completed action from start to finish as English's *Present Perfect*- I have read the book- rather than English's past perfect- I had read the book?

[@user-nu2jz1sb4s]

We use one verb in both cases. See the time adverbial modifier which was used in the sentence you want to translate.

[@reddyhann5517]

you are perfect

[@thomaskenchington346]

Great video :)

[@AntoniaRomaker]

thank you! :)

[@noseporquien]

very useful thank you!

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+noseporquien You are very welcome! ;)

[@STOPandsaid]

Hello could you please tell me why sometimes some verbs are preceded by imperfective but also by perfective?. I've noticed that in many websites Russians use the verb хотеть, they use it in perfective and in imperfective, so this confuses me a little bit because i'm not sure which aspect i should use. Would it be correct to say я хочу читать эту книгу? Or should i say я хочу прочитать эту книгу?

[@nobodyu1468]

Thx for the video, you explain it really clear. I'm not sure I have understood something tho. Here 5:45, I didn't understand what the third verb mean, why is it there when it's supposed to be just 2 aspects or forms of the verb, and what is the difference between that one and the first one, thank you.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

the verb прочитывать is not popular at all, and it is actually not so easy to explain its meaning, it is used to talk about a repeated action which has a result in sentences like this: Каждый день он прочитывает по 100 страниц. Every day he reads 100 pages.

[@nobodyu1468]

@@AntoniaRomaker So it's like an imperfective verb that actually has a result ?

[@markoslouizkambauvas4563]

Antonia - Let me know, what sort of verb can i use after "можно" : imperfective or perfective ? Ex - можно мне купить эту книгу или можно мне покупать эту книгу ? (in this case) Please.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

'можно мне купить эту книгу', because you are interested in the result, not the process. Both types can be used, the logic is generally the same as in the difference between perfective and imperfective verbs.

[@markoslouizkambauvas4563]

Dearest Antonia, i thank you very much ! I was four days thinking about it ! Two days I d`ont sleep ! God bless you always !

[@corinneseffertdambrine]

super teacher, you're.......

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+corinne dambrine thank you, dear! :)

[@jbv48]

A difficult lesson to learn. Thanks.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

it is, but English tenses are not easier for foreigners...

[@jbv48]

I know english language already and I understood you very well, not much russian language. I´ll try to follow your classes. See you.

[@AntoniaRomaker]

jose jaime botello valle OK, if you have any questions - feel free to write them in the comment box ;)

[@MrPanturkist]

thanks for lesson )

[@AntoniaRomaker]

+Mr Hasan you are welcome! ;)