Russian Verbs: Creating Secondary Imperfectives with -ыв-/-ив-

For intermediate learners: let's take a deeper dive into creating secondary imperfectives in Russian. Knowing about these patterns will help you build your vocabulary and make educated guesses about words you may not have seen before.
We'll look at adding ыв-/-ив to create a imperfective verb, with special attention to some helpful details: when to use ыв vs. -ив-; which vowel might change, and which consonant shift might happen, when you add this infix.
This will help you see the connections between здоров and выздоравливать, оплата and оплачивать, and more.
This video can also be seen with embedded comprehension checks, an exercise, and example sentences at my Russian Grammar Library Project at www.tips4russian.com/courses/.... It's a free sample lesson for this first week of March!

[@xuantu6774]

Your chanel is absolutely treasure! This helps me alot.

[@marceloprevedi5092]

Спасибо за урок !!! Очень интересное и важное видео. Я из Аргентины и люблю русский язык. I'm learning this complex and fascinating language on my own. It's a real challenge but I am making some progress. You have been done a wonderful work. You respect the intelligence of people learning Russian and put videos of high level grammar. THANK YOU VERY MUCH !!!

[@marycooch8326]

Thankyou so much for this - really helpful!

[@ahmedabdulhamid5656]

You make Grammar interesting

[@annschneider8684]

Helpful and entertaining

[@LM-uw1su]

thanks.

[@daybefore7306]

классные уроки рил) очень атмосферно, думаю , если бы в школе ты у меня русские вёл, я б его учил )

[@marceloprevedi5092]

A difficult question. I know that we can write " Я пошёл в магазин , чтобы купить продукты ". Here чтобы is a conjunction and it is possible" чтобы + infinitive. That's a wonderful thing. In many languages we can use the structure PREPOSITION + INFINITIVE.For example : sans combattre ( French), sin luchar (Spanish), senza combattere (Italian), sem lutar ( Portuguese). They all mean" without fighting ". In Russian, we can not put" без бороться/ биться ". In Russian we put PREPOSITION + NOUN. Having said this, is there ( in Russian) any structure that allows us to put an infinitive after a preposition ? Something like " preposition + "something " + infinitive ?

[@russiangrammar]

Thanks for suggesting a good topic for a video! In the meantime: often we use a form of то as a place to put the case ending a preposition needs, with как or чтобы to link to the rest of the phrase: без того, чтобы спросить = without asking; для того, чтобы... = in order to... You might check this video on expressing "after" + verb (после того как) - kzbin.info/www/bejne/bn7MaIquhc1qpLM

[@marceloprevedi5092]

@@russiangrammar Thanks for the answer !! I could detect this pattern with то after a preposition but I didn't know if that always works. It's a very important structure in order to say ( to write) more complex sentences. THANKS !!!

[@Nissan-Erugurando]

Чтобы ≠ without a fight ( senza combattere). I studied the Italian language, and it is much easier for me to understand and give examples of difficult phrases in Italian than in English. "Я уду в магазин, чтобы купить продукты" = Certo è "Vado al negozio a far la spesa", però si può dire più corrette " Vado al negozio PER FAR gl'acquisti". O, "vado al negozio PER ESSER DI un acquirente". Чтобы , чтоб ≈ in order to be.

[@haidyh6587]

Thankyou you are professional teacher I am a beginner of learning Russian language .. may I know what is the difference between у меня and у меня есть?

[@russiangrammar]

Basically, we use есть to state that (or ask whether) something exists or is present: У тебя есть паспорт? Do you have a passport? When describing something we that we know (or assume) exists, then we don't use есть: Да, у меня канадский паспорт. Yes, I have a Canadian passport. У неё красивые глаза. She has pretty eyes. You can see more examples in this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/oZrGm2WXptN-sM0. 🙂

[@haidyh6587]

@@russiangrammar when in ask a question as во сколько у нас обед ? Here you don’t use есть because you already know that we will have lunch together but u need to know the time only .. am i understand right ?

[@russiangrammar]

Правильно!

[@haidyh6587]

@@russiangrammar большое спасибо ☺️

[@haidyh6587]

Thank you so much for your great effort May I have a question please Why в туалете is considering as exception also в спальне where is the exceptional here I can’t feel that exception it’s normally because if I want to say in family it’s в семье

[@russiangrammar]

Hm, I'm not sure - they don't seem like exceptions to me either. It's normal for most nouns to have a -е ending in the prepositional singular: город > в городе, неделя > на этой неделе.

[@uuco.6037]

What's the difference between поговорить and сказать? I mean they're both perfective, aren't they?

[@russiangrammar]

With many (though not all!) verbs, по- also gives the sense of doing something for a while: подумать 'to think a little/for a moment,' поспать 'to take a nap,' поработать 'work for a while,' поговорить 'to have a chat/talk a little.' Сказать is more like just saying something: Он сказал, что всё в порядке 'He said that everything is OK.'

[@uuco.6037]

@@russiangrammar very helpful! Thanks a lot!

[@HelpMyRussian]

Читать and перечитать is not an aspectual pair though. 🤔🤔🤔

[@russiangrammar]

Of course, the aspectual pair is перечитывать/перечитать, as shown at :48. In retrospect, perhaps I could have aligned перечитать with перечитывать at :10 to make that clearer, but my hope is that the animation at :12 - :16 illustrates that relationship, as well as the following examples. 🙂

[@mackenziewoods8201]

Its not an infix its a suffix!

[@russiangrammar]

Some define an infix as an affix inserted within a root; others, as an affix inserted within a root or stem; others, an affix inserted in the "base form." I think reasonable people can disagree on which definition they prefer. 🙂

[@mackenziewoods8201]

​@@russiangrammar Its not really being inserted in the verb stem, but switching the the verbal suffix after the root, because the full suffix is "ывай" for example: перепишу / перепи́сываю. I guess ывай could be called a infix but only if every other verb marking suffix would be called a infix too.

[@russiangrammar]

Do you mean that the suffix ай is being replaced by ывай? Not sure why that would be a better analysis than considering that -ыв- is being inserted in between the root пис- and the suffix -ай. There's precedent for considering it to be an infix, as in this article: www.drevoslov.ru/wordcreation/morphem/5367-infiks-yv . The related article on -ив- (www.drevoslov.ru/wordcreation/morphem/И) has lots of interesting historical detail; these questions would interesting discussions for a class on the structure of Russian (which I normally taught to 2nd/3rd-year learners). For a brief video like this one, aimed at intermediate learners, I do think it's reasonable to call it an infix.

[@mackenziewoods8201]

@@russiangrammar I am just considering the spelling rule that combines й with a vowel. Its safe to say there was never "ай" but "a" as the verbal suffix in писать because in the first person is conjugated as пишу. So in surrounding the "а" with a "ыв" and "й" it may as well just be considered its own suffix. I attempted to fit Townsend's word formation descriptions into columns in a little color coded booklet, and I would be glad if you would give it a look.

[@russiangrammar]

Sure, I'd be happy to take a look! You can use the email address at the end of the videos, curt@... etc.