Scientists Just Transferred Memories... Between Sea Slugs

Scientists were able to transfer a specific memory from one sea slug to another! And research suggests that focusing on your breathing could help you focus on other things as well!
Thumbnail Credit: Bédécarrats et al., eNeuro (2018)
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[@Kassidar]

This sea slug case sounds like the same situation as the mice who were played a note before being shocked. After hearing the note they would freeze up in anticipation of being shocked. And that anticipation response was also observed in their offspring. In both cases these are less like "episodic memories" and more like environmental reflexes.

[@maxt2822]

4 years late but that is generational. Just like how the offspring of fleas trapped in a jar can only jump the height of said jar. This just goes between 2 different sea slugs and it pinpoints where the memory is coming from

[@luthfikun6601]

So scientists, touchy touchy with slug, bam, new knowledge.

[@i.i.iiii.i.i]

Luthfi Kun You forgot: sucky sucky memory

[@Plaguebaboon]

I dont know why but that just seems very caveman to me.

[@i.i.iiii.i.i]

Because you were indoctrinated that cavemen couldn't speak proper English!

[@hustlehank6855]

Now we just need to erase memories of crimes

[@novastar3990]

Ha!

[@yorth8154]

Yikes

[@tengkualiff]

damn it !

[@HTYM]

😩

[@husslehank1340]

Yo what the hell's going on, my boys'll sort you out

[@patstaysuckafreeboss8006]

Scientist: So seaslug, do you remember anything? Seaslug: Scientist: Oh my god what have we done

[@jimmyweeks9013]

ROFL

[@EugeneKhutoryansky]

Those poor slugs...

[@matrinoxtm]

I love that you guys always frame studies with its reliability, like saying that the study is the first of its kind so take it with a grain of salt. The one thing you guys can do to be more neutral is to not suggest to follow the conclusions of the study, even with a “maybe”. Some may take that as “this will probably work” vs. “it’s a theory in its infancy.”

[@DarkAngelEU]

They already take enough responsibility to tell us these are new experiments and it's easy enough to follow the links in the description and check them out before making biased reactions, so it's pretty much up to the people who watch this video to decide for themselves what kind of value they want to add to these studies and whether they may or not be viable. Even then I'm pretty sure the scientists behind these studies care more about what their next step should be than what some people have to say about it on the Internet.

[@matrinoxtm]

I agree with you to a point. For people like you and me, they’ve done enough to frame what they say appropriately. For others who are more casual about science, I just think it helps to avoid those statements that can be taken in the wrong way. Your comment about scientists not caring about the internet.. that’s not a very helpful perspective. If that were true, convincing people that humans are responsible for our climate change wouldn’t be a concern for most scientists, yet it is. Sadly, we have a system where people make decisions on things they know very little about. And I’m not just talking about politicians. So thinking that the “internet” doesn’t/shouldn’t matter to scientists isn’t a responsible viewpoint.

[@lukelim5094]

that is good science. Testing, experiment and a healthy dose of doubt.

[@matrinoxtm]

Exactly. I will say they are still very good in terms of science education for what is really just an entertainment channel with a science theme. If only every channel talking about science tried as hard as these guys, people wouldn’t be talking about the Mandela Effect alongside science as if it’s comparable

[@DarkAngelEU]

I meant the scientists behind these studies of the memory transfer, not scientific studies in general :)

[@DemonEyes23]

SciShow you are better than this. You should have at least pointed out that various number of ways this isn't likely any sort of memory but rather the transfer of a conditioned response due to gene expression.

[@Wykesidefruitmachine]

Cory M Excellent comment, excellent BoF 3 icon. Have my like.

[@cockphone5601]

if it's due to gene expression, then it's not a conditioned response.

[@DemonEyes23]

@Cock Phone. external stimuli can alter gene expression. Here's a wikipedia page on the very topic en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_of_gene_expression The basic idea is that in this case its likely that the withdrawal of the tail is a reflex that is modulated by gene expression. Repeated agitation of the tail increases production of gene products that cause the tail to remain retracted longer. This is just one possible and more likely reason for the result found in the second slug.

[@cockphone5601]

Cory M You've never seen inside the nucleus.

[@lithobreak3812]

I don't think that's very likely

[@inmedx]

One step closer to Total Recall

[@DarkAngelEU]

We are like the dreamer that dreams and lives inside of it.

[@nekotamo5154]

Worse, we are one step closer to Freejack.

[@KevOSMusic]

That sounds so much like singing. It's incredible how focus improves in choirs with good breathing technique.

[@ContainsAthroughZ]

How do we know the sea slugs weren't staying in longer as a response to getting an injection? Shouldn't this same test be performed with a non-rna non-reactive substitute to see what happens?

[@phrenetic6254]

They did: www.scientificamerican.com/article/memory-transferred-between-snails-challenging-standard-theory-of-how-the-brain-remembers/

[@anangoohns]

The thing about breathing and focus is AMAZINGLY COOL as someone who has ADD. In addition to medication, this might be insanely helpful to remember next time I feel all foggy in the noggin. Take few minutes to do some controlled breathing and nudge my brain to make those helpful chemicals !!!! Keep up the great work guys!

[@BroWithTheFro]

Thank you so much SciShow for talking a lot about meditation and its power!

[@Elzilcho87]

That memory experiment is incredibly interesting, especially since there have been claims by people who've gone through heart transplants that they could remember memories from the donors life. It could well be just a psychological construct from the patients themselves, but it would be amazing to see if there could actually be some type of instinctual memory process that also encodes physical memory into RNA. I love science!

[@ayandas124]

notquiteordinary It doesn't, but it might eventually. The key for us would be to let scientists do their jobs. We should not stop them from proving us wrong.

[@VulcanXIV]

I'll definitely apply this controlled breathing in preparation of returning to college :( half a minute of giving my brain a break and the lecture would be over my head

[@corvusnine8167]

I found an exotic engram once.

[@MohammedYaseenAhammed235]

microtransactions galore

[@corvusnine8167]

Michael Nilson I main Warlock but my Hunter's got one, it's pretty nice

[@corvusnine8167]

I guess Destiny isn't the worst microtransaction (I don't know anyone who buy their lootboxes yet) but I know plenty spending too much in other games

[@corvusnine8167]

Cube Theorist D2. Haven't been back to D1 for a while; should tho

[@TheBronyCraft]

How much more longer until we can harvest these slugs so i can shoot bees from my arms?

[@TheGodEmperorOfMankind_]

Cobra Unit?

[@mainjockeynumbaone]

Very interesting. In "The Dragons of Eden", Carl Sagan elucidated the idea that memories could be stored as RNA within the neuron. It's as if the DNA holds the memories of the survivors of the past, and when a young being is born it is encoded as RNA within the new neurons, giving rise to ancestral memory and instincts.

[@benitasanchez1770]

This slug experiment is like the mouse experiment. The male mouse was trained to go through a maze and receive a treat but one of the treats was not a nice one. They later procreated never meet their off-springs,yet, the off-spring new what to expect from the treats. It is suspected that their DNA carried the new information as to what is safe to eat and what is not safe to eat.

[@cruggs0730]

are we going to build a city at the bottom of the sea and start harvesting ADAM now?

[@DamianReloaded]

_In a recent case of possible cell memory, Australian girl Demi-Lee Brennan's blood group was changed after receiving a liver transplant from her donor, reports the AFP. Nine months after the initial transplant, doctors discovered that Brennan had changed blood types and she acquired the immune system of the donor due to the stem cells of her new liver transferring over to her bone marrow. "In effect she had had a bone marrow transplant. The majority of her immune system had also switched over to that of the donor," Michael Stormon, a hepatologist who treated Brennan at the Children's Hospital at Westmead, reported to the AFP_

[@seasong7655]

Woah I didn't even know seaslugs had memory

[@DarkAngelEU]

Even viruses have memory. Everything that is programmed to act or react a certain way contains memory. Memory is nothing else than a fancy word for potential data.

[@cookiechoux199]

even viruses do?

[@tonytaioftimestreamer2616]

Google made me do it it is needed to differentiate between memory as inner experience,which we assume requires a complex nervous system and cannot be measured,and memory as the adoption of certain patterns of behaviour which are measurable. Robots have been shown to learn from consequences for example,but do they have inner experience as we humans do? We cannot know

[@burbanpoison2494]

"memory," (altered reflexes) is not the same as *memory.* ("Hey, aren't you Frank's kid?")

[@DarkAngelEU]

Yeah but in technological terms these are memories. I know it's not proper science and this way it's easy to say "we found a way to manipulate memories" but it still counts as a memory. Remembering something is far more complex than stimulating a reflex for sure but even those reflexes often stem from experiences so without consciously recalling those experiences your body remembers how to react, therefor a memory.

[@Myrmidon26]

Those researchers for the breathing experiment should do it with shooters, specifically competition shooters who are being timed. Controlled breathing plays a huge role in that.

[@firstlast9813]

Or the sea slug just said "oh crap I just got stabbed, now I have trust issues"

[@baruchben-david4196]

Years ago, some experiments seemed to show that you could transfer memories between planaria by grinding up trained planaria and feeding them to untrained ones. It was later shown that this wasn't really happening.

[@squamish4244]

I have some memories I wouldn't mind offloading onto someone else, preferably someone I don't like...

[@mikeg6633]

I have several generations of small aquatic snails. They seem to have generational memory. I vacuumed their eggs off the sides of the tank 6 months ago. So far, no eggs on the sides of the tank.

[@gymnasticstwins9361]

I loved this video so much! I love SciShow in general but this video was awesome. I learned more about science in this video than my teacher could teach us in school 👏🏼 👏🏼

[@Duke00x]

The breathing thing makes sense from an evolutionary standpoint. Control of breathing and also better focus would be beneficial in hunting (or fighting). Controlling your breathing just before a strike (or when waiting in ambush) means you have as much oxygen as possible and also in the case of an ambush it can keep you from accidentally giving yourself away. On the flipside having better focus when you make the strike or better focus when waiting to make one means you are more likely to make a good one or one at the best time. This all leads to being a better hunter and/or fighter meaning you are more likely to survive and bring home resources needed to live and support and mate and offspring. This leads you your genes being more likely to pass on and so said mutations that caused the link gets passed on and this keeps up until every member of the species has the trait.

[@emmasauls4193]

scientist: what do you remember slug: scientist: oh my god what have we done

[@klocugh12]

Abdominal/diaphragmatic breathing (the deeper one where your belly expands instead of your chest) stimulates vagus nerve, calming you down.

[@JustinY.]

Was this discovery found by Okabe by any chance? We might be on a different world line.

[@romolus7255]

Justin Y. Stop stalking me!!

[@WHISTLINGBEAVER]

Lol nice.

[@Emre.55]

I'm so happy this was the first comment I read.

[@TheFlipside]

Please stop following me

[@blue_ouija]

+Roman Erjavec and +Flippy Sidee He's a ninja. That's his job.

[@moonstonepearl21]

They've been saying to take a deep breath when you're stressed for years. Now we have the science to back that up.

[@mikerphone.]

I would hope that they performed a control test where the second group of slugs were injected with a water solution to see if this is just a reaction to being stressed rather than from the "memory injection".

[@lkajsdflkasjdf1597]

I hope they had a strong control group. A injection would be painful. That alone could make the sea slugs more cautious, so they would hold there tails in longer after getting a poke.

[@nwoshorty4909]

Even if it's not memory transfer necessarily . To be able to change a creatures reaction based on the experience of another creature is still amazing.

[@thstroyur]

The "somehow" link between the RNA and DNA doesn't sound so mysterious: even if he RNA doesn't code for proteins, it doesn't mean it can't be _read_ by other proteins/enzymes which may change conformation/activity upon binding to whatever's "written" in the biopolymer

[@zebrasinamerica]

If someone stabbed and injected me with anything, I would keep my tail retracted for 40% longer.

[@Parker05]

10 Years later and it turns out A. You have to extract a specific cure for a disease B. The methods are considered cruel or possibly harmful to the animal C. Used genetic modification, then I guess we’ll see a very similar activity as when vaccines were made. Same goes with the controversy that may happen if and when we start to modify memories for our own good

[@michaelaj4495]

The injection itself could have played a part in the reflex, was a control of injected without rna included?

[@morgangobin9985]

This is some Dark City science right here! Don’t talk to Strangers, kids!

[@Eric_D_6]

That Sea Slug story makes the goa'uld genetic memory idea from stargate, seem way more plausible than I thought before.

[@Psyadin2]

I got bored watching this video, couldn't keep focus, so i took a deep breath and caught the very end of it, you guys should do a video about breathing making you focus!

[@ThatGameGuyy]

finally.. FINALLY! I can make an army of slugs without having to individually train each one!

[@houselightkell]

I think sea slugs are just tiny chemical computers. when their personality/"programing" changes, their chemical composition changes. you transfer those chemicals, and you transfer that programing

[@ElectricPyroclast]

I've been advised that whenever I'm anxious or stressed, I should exhale and then don't inhale for about 4 sec to relax myself. I think the breathing pattern study is on to something

[@KayEcksArr]

Genuinely fascinating

[@WilliamMerzlak]

Great. Thanks for reminding me that I breath subconsciously. Now I'm super nervous that i'll stop breathing if I stop thinking about it.

[@toriknorth3324]

Usually when someone says "memory" they're referring specifically to the way human memory is stored in the brain. Obviously if we use this definition then there is no way that sea slugs could have memories, let alone have memories be transferred. More generally though, "Memory is an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information" (Wikipedia, Memory (disambiguation)), so I would argue that a sea slug having a conditioned response to a stimulus *is* the sea slug version of memory. If you were to inject untrained slugs with the training RNA, then train up a new set of slugs so that they match the response of the injected slugs, there wouldn't be any obvious difference between them. From their actions both sets of slugs would appear to have the same memories of being repeatedly poked. I'd agree that the injected slugs would have false memories, having never experienced the repeated poking for themselves, but false memories are still memories. Reading the abstract for the sea slug paper it says that the RNA affects the sensory neurons but not the motor neurons in the slugs that get injected. That's saying the injected sea slugs aren't getting muscle memory from the trained slugs I think...

[@zarin261]

woah woah ohkayyy

[@grublord2254]

i was just looking for any documentaries on sea slugs and i found this??? hell yeah

[@mat_name_whatever]

Did they have a test group? I mean they should but you didn't mention

[@explodingpineapple7471]

I wondered too. There should've been a control group of slugs that got a RNA-free injection to make sure that it isn't just the act of injecting stuff with a needle that's messing with the reflexes.

[@phrenetic6254]

For those who claim the second slug's reaction was due to the injection needle: They had a control group of slugs who received injections from non-startled slugs and they did not even blink. See here: www.scientificamerican.com/article/memory-transferred-between-snails-challenging-standard-theory-of-how-the-brain-remembers/

[@DysnomiaFilms]

Deckard: Remember when you were six? You and your brother snuck into an empty building through a basement window. You were going to play doctor. He showed you his, but when it got to be your turn you chickened and ran; you remember that? You ever tell anybody that? Your mother, Tyrell, anybody? Remember the spider that lived outside your window? Orange body, green legs. Watched her build a web all summer, then one day there's a big egg in it. The egg hatched... Rachael: The egg hatched... Deckard: Yeah... Rachael: ...and a hundred baby spiders came out... and they ate her.

[@TheNeurall]

Those scientists arent transferring memories, they stimulating the response.

[@yticivam]

Woah. It's like an immunization to perform certain reactions after an external stimuli. Like hacking muscle memory. Could be life saving or recreational, i'd love to be able to control my diaphragm like freedivers do. Could also be for sports. Amazing. We could soon-ish upload things to our nervous system.

[@AssortedMeats]

"Thanks for the memories" -that slug

[@guilhermerafaelzimermann4196]

I'm pretty sure reflexes and full on memories are different things, a reflex is often an unconscious act triggered by certain things

[@buenahschoir]

So many of these videos formulaically end with some sort of “... so the next time you...” I get it, but variety and creativity are nice, too.

[@nicolaiveliki1409]

I just had a thought: non-coding RNA could work as a kind of pattern library for synchronized neuron firing, and thereby encode memories or at least be essential to memories

[@atravesdelacerradura5633]

"Engram"is a term from "Dianetics" coined by R. Hubbard. An "engram" is a sort of hidden memory which includes all the perceptions acquired in a hurtful moment, pain and emotions mostly. All of those perceptions, acoustic, visual, thermal, emotional, Is registered but not accessible to the "Analytic mind". From that position, away from the self conscient personality but nailed with hurtful emotions and actual cell/damage pain in the "Reactive mind", home of our most basic survival mechanisms, this engram is able to trigger all sorts of psychosomatic illness or unconscious and undesirable behavior as well. Which seems all for the external observer, just as "aberrated" responses to the environment. Saludos desde la mística Xaman Ha.

[@saila-5828]

3:35 nice text blur

[@lordgains8772]

This sounds a lot like when people get blood transfusions or organ transplants, and sometimes seem to have memories that... don't belong belong them.

[@grimwatcher]

Whoa, so researchers did the impossible, they made it possible to trade engrams. Science 1, Destiny 0.

[@EnergizingBane]

o o f

[@BaconHer0]

The seaslug behaviour after the injection could be due to the injection itself. Did they have a group injected with a placebo to rule that out?

[@silentstone4325]

I hope this leads to a major discovery so I can forget about all the people who broke my heart

[@DarkAngelEU]

K so basically this video points out memories can be swapped out like photographs between phones and meditation actually works. Cool!

[@rhade2k]

*Picks up cellphone and places it to ear* Hey. It's me. Yes, the organization is on the verge of discovering time leap technology. Disaster?! Yes, I know it's a disaster! Why do you think I'm calling? But don't worry. I have a plan. Yes, of course, who do you think you're talking to? Hehehehe... WUAHAHAHAHAHA! El. Psy. Kongroo.

[@GreenOnionBrother]

RNA is very unstable though. Which would mean that the information would have to be stored in our DNA as well. And it couldn't just be one type of non-coding RNA, it would have to be thousands of different sequences, and additional ones would have to be formed continuously because once certain parts of their DNA have been methylated, you can't methylate that part again to "store" more memories. That would in turn imply a humongous amount of changes in DNA sequence, which usually is a recipe for disaster.

[@YrjoPuska777]

its not really a memory that was transferred.. Thats just stupid click bait. What they did was that they transferred RNA from one slug to another. What this causes is the slugs protein creation being altered. This causes the same PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTION between the slugs, not a memory. They dont remember any pain, but physically react to the stimuli in similar ways. This physical reaction would be similar to a humans heart rate going faster during stress reaction. This might, just might work with things like taming down the physical reaction of PTSD patients. However the human nervous(and memory) system is so much more complex that it could just as well just be "corrected" by other memories and associations, so that it wouldnt have any effect. What the study showed is that when you have a normal slug, it goes to defensive mode for about a second after an electric shock. Also when you have teased it with shocks long enough, the defensive time goes up substantially. Now when they took RNA from a slug that had been teased to go into defensive mode for a long time and inserted it to a slug that hadnt been teased and would normally just go defensive a second, they started going to a defensive mode for a period similar to ones that had been teased. Remember that some defensive mode on a slug is far simpler than anything that a human does. They dont think or remember things like we do, they have just enough processing power to move and turn towards food or something like that. Their "memory" system isnt like ours is, theirs is more like our autonomic nervous system, they dont form memories, just alter how they react to stimuli based on exposure to that stimuli and how easily their DNA lets them to adjust. Ours is completely different, or well we do have that side as well, but thats not what you would call a memory..

[@brainwater176]

I disagree. Memory is precisely physiological. Memory dictates our behavior in response to many stimuli. Also, memory can be nondeclarative, meaning it isn't a conscious memory and it still affects behavior. You and I have many nondeclarative memories that affect our behavior that have to be stored somewhere in the brain (at the site of the long searched for engram). For instance you have a memory of how to stick your keys in the ignition and start your car. I very much doubt that you're conscious of doing that most days. The memory that is the basis of that behavior is physically stored somewhere or many places in your brain.

[@HermanVonPetri]

Thank you! The reporting that this is a "memory transfer" seems like a confusion of correlation with causation. I haven't seen any reports that the researchers ruled out that the RNA wasn't simply a middle step in the chain from the memory to the physical response.

[@glowingone1774]

Something to help ptsd sufferers would be nice.

[@YrjoPuska777]

@Brandon Rainwater I added quite a bit of text to my post after you posted and before i saw yours. Maybe that opens up my view a bit more

[@Murphys_Law9]

Don’t know why but I believe u

[@orenashkenazi9813]

Okay but now how can I be sure I actually watched this episode and the memory wasn't just put in my mind by vengeful sea slugs?

[@aliens3219]

*Scientist to sea slugs* -"do you remember anything different?" *Sea slugs*- "..." *Scientist*- What have we done

[@bcumike]

I do love the 15 second commercials, ty

[@bobfearnley5724]

The slug can be retracting its tail for a longer time because it experienced the trauma of the injection, not really because of the content of the injection.

[@johnchalinder6682]

I wonder when they'll start doing this to humans? It would make a great theme for a sci-fi horror movie to have the protagonist have his mind transferred to another body so he could be the perfect mole in a spy operation. Or, a guy gets kidnapped because he has highly sensitive data that the enemy wants; so they kidnap him and move his mind to another body, kill his own body, then torture him till he gives up the information they want. Then they turn him loose and the cops track him down because the body he's now in is that of a mass murderer. Scary research!!!

[@rpkiller2489]

Now we just have to find a way for the sea slugs to give us plasmids.

[@ghostofcanidstheinnovator4275]

Rpkiller what do plan on using them for?

[@SomeoneBeginingWithI]

Bacteria have plasmids, but sea slugs don't because they are eukareotes and eukareotes don't have plasmids.

[@chimkinNuggz]

Great. Now the other sea slug has the embarassing memory of showing up to slug school in just his underwear

[@violet_broregarde]

Weren't the sea slugs just responding to the pain of getting injected? Also it's cool that we may know the mechanism that causes breathing to help you focus. I've noticed people holding their breaths while playing video games, that might have something to do with it.

[@zoofan9280]

Great video scishow get your rna ready everyone

[@miguekechague538]

*scientists implant memories to a snail from another snail* Scientists: Do you remember anything? Snail: ... Scientists: My gosh! What have we done?!?

[@Emre.55]

So, can we expect an Amadeus AI in real life anytime soon ?

[@TheMysticGauntlet]

Holy Cow!

[@Reydriel]

This could lead to a breakthrough in developing waifu AI!

[@82spiders]

We have software that will compose music that sounds like Mozart, or Beethoven, Brahms, etc. It's pattern recognition and modelling. .

[@Emre.55]

marc bell Can't tell if you're being sarcastic or not (hard to tell in written form sometimes), but if you aren't - I was referencing Steins;Gate 0 :P

[@82spiders]

Not being sarcastic and not a gamer.

[@electroflame6188]

Thing is, it doesn't seem to have anything to do with memory, but rather with the fact that the DNA of the trained sea slugs is being regulated is somehow being directly transferred to the DNA of the untrained sea slugs.

[@DennyVlogs]

I assume the slugs generated RNAs that caused them to flex longer - not that it was written as a memory inside those RNAs - I don't think it's memories - I think it's just an RNA producing some enzymes that make the slug flex longer

[@firenationfiles2063]

I learned something new today!

[@SeppsX]

I would imagine injecting the slug would count as "poking" it, like to an extreme. The control group could be tainted by the injection 'poke' and might be offering unreliable data by reacting to the injection. There should have been a side experiment where the slugs were injected with (saline?) and their reaction times measured to see if they were also 40 seconds longer.

[@swordfish1929]

I would always take a series of deep breaths before starting an exam

[@tyleri.4219]

Or after a slug gets stabbed with an injection needle, they get defensive for longer regardless if the injection has RNA or not...

[@juracan8591]

I honestly hope we only get to discover how to *recover* or *store* memories, not how to *modify* them.

[@EclipZeMuzik]

dude you're amazing i love this!

[@UltimaJC]

We get closer to Remember Me, though I'm not sure how many people actually played that game.

[@andrejansen3281]

You can't call it a slugfest when the slugs can't hit the scientists back

[@moonstonepearl21]

The memory thing is fascinating. It can been used to help with memory disorders and problems like alsimer's, but it can also be terribly abused; like dystopian levels of abused :0

[@82spiders]

Alzheimer's is spelled incorrectly, and furthermore should be capitalized.

[@moonstonepearl21]

This really is not necessary. You're just being a jerk. I'm well aware I didn't spell it correctly because I couldn't remember how to spell it with its unusual spelling, but I figured people would understand what I meant. It you were going to make this kind of comment, it could have been done in a more polite way after actually contributing to my point.

[@82spiders]

Yeah you are right. I know what you were trying to say. I apolojeez.

[@moonstonepearl21]

I see what you did there.

[@000FireRainHavoc000]

The worm test was already done and proven back in 1955 by Thompson and Mc Connell.

[@umblapag]

Very interesting, but I really hope someone has the motivation to report if this result is later shown to be wrong or accidental or falsified app something else. To many studies claim breakthroughs but then turn out to be mistaken or something.

[@Deluluvan]

Kingdom Hearts chain of memories in real life

[@jetjazz05]

Ok great, so... everyone gets an empathy shot and we can start being polite to each other. THANKS SCIENCE!

[@frankstain9791]

a friend of mine saw snail on top of a telecom mast. 60m up. the fellow was still going up. that would be a memory to transfer

[@Sadiano1564]

So, we're one step closer to making the plot of "Get Out" a reality.

[@finspin8577]

This is probably why I feel very focused when I sing. I'm taking in more air.

[@ElectricFan91]

Some researcher believe that it is stored in your non coding RNA some how. Guys, we're taking steps towards a VR Animus.

[@itastain]

Interesting. I find that when playing video games my breathing tends to slow quite substantially. Like on a racing game I will almost stop breathing, then when I get to the straight Ill take a massive breath. I wonder if its related to this

[@thepolitecrab933]

This has a shocking amount of relations to Bioshock. Anyone else catching that? (Sea slugs, DNA, memories)