Single Phase VS 3phase Charging | I Speak ELECTRIC

AC, DC, Kilowatts, Kilowatt Hours…it can all get a bit confusing. So our ‘I Speak Electric’ series is here to break it down for you. Today we’re looking at Single-Phase and 3-Phase charging. Stick around for the details!
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[@NikanDragosysSerpenDra]

i want to buythe later tesla model, and my domesticc supply has 3 phase 480Volt/or 380 and 460 if my memory serves me right uioi gotta check but i have an insstalled 3 phace 480voltbundle waiting to be rolled out to my garage, and i often do doubling the voltage and using higher amps from 2 groupsso i get 16 or 32 i forgot, damnit anyway dual AC, at the maximum of allowable ampss because my mother has a unused ceramic oven that goes up to 1600degrees celsius and IT"S LARGE the plug has 5 holes 3 for 30hertz 50hertz and 75herts and (and either 20 - 50 or 100amps i dont know)(I SUPPOSE, dont know what in the netherlands the power output looks like but generally normal domestic allows for either single AC230Volts at 8 AMPSb fuses you can double this up btw this is 50 ~60hz and use a special connector for that still it's 2x single phase at8 amps (2x4amps.. the 3 phase is generally has 5 pinsn 3 for power and 1 ground ofcourse and i don't know what the 5th one is maybe it's DC for multi compatibility. (i'm not the best electrician anymore, or it's a regulator in DC that checks powerflow because the fusebox is so sci-fi looking and digital.. DC charges faster, that's good for a road trip... but what are my options here i dont use allot of power about 1500~3000wats or watts hours as you call it.

[@robertnitschke89]

You will probably not get 3 phase where you live. It is mostly in Industrial areas. "Best Electric Vehicle" should mention this because you are giving people a false sense of security. Most street electricity is slow charging Single Phase and will cost $ Billions and many years to upgrade!

[@musicjohn1]

Here in the United States most residential electric distribution is single phase into neighborhoods. The electric utility would need to change out the single phase transformers, and add HV distribution cabling to upgrade to 3-phase. This may not be possible in many areas. Of course it is possible to get 3-phase if the infrastructure supports it, but I don't think this will ever be necessary. Just my 2 cents.

[@mantabletin935]

I think you are better served with 240volts 40-48amps service. Aprox. same power than european 3-phase 230volts at 16 amps and it can be used by any car. Here people gets angry because their 32amp 1-phase car onboard charger (7.4kW, the most common) only can charge at a third the speed of 11kW 3-phase points. 3-phase 32amps (22kW) is nice but expensive and less available. Few people can have it at home.

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Good points John, has to be financially as well as practically viable for people to do it! Thanks for the comment!

[@douglasengle2704]

It depends if USA electric rates continue to rise. If US residential rates can be at about $0.10 kWh or lower then it makes a lot of sense to have 3-phase power to homes for faster charging of multiple EVs. Places like southern CA where San Diego residential peak rates can be over $0.60 kWh means stay alway. In 2020 our residential rate for Cumberland Indiana was about $0.10 kWh. Tesla claimed for hydroelectric supplied off-peak industrial rates for northern CA were just $0.05 kWh.

[@73ats]

You should go into voice acting.

[@JustMeTalking]

All future houses should be 3 Phase. I'm in the UK and retro fitted 3 Phase to our home. We now have 3 wall chargers, 1x7 kW charging from Battery Storage & Solar Array, 2x22 kW fast chargers that are Grid tied. Heat Pump, Induction Cooking, Electric Showers, Tumble Dryers, Chest Freezers, etc The main benefit for us is being able to charge multiple high capacity storage batteries at the same time, during night time cheap rate electric... without load balancing. So yes, 3 Phase is the future for Domestic Residential properties. In my opinion.

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Spot on. Considering the shift we are all making to electric (transport, heating, etc.) it would be a great idea!

[@JustMeTalking]

​@Best Electric Vehicle The biggest problem though, is National Grid limiting the 3 Phase cutout to 80 Amp fuses per phase. They won't allow (by Policy) 100 Amp fuses unless you have a 200 Amp cutout and 95mm cabling... which potentially eliminates domestic smart meters. So we've had to load balance within 80 Amps per phase 🇬🇧

[@diogoborges1427]

hello, what is better for the batteries? charge 1 phase 7.2kw 32 amp or 3 phase 11 kw 16 amp? Thanks

[@BestElectricVehicle]

The problems with batteries tend to arise from being rapid charged all the time...high use cases like taxis, etc. So other than that you should be ok. Thanks for the comment Diogo.

[@SkepticalCaveman]

All new houses should be 3 phase to future proof them. Smart homes are becoming more popular, induction will replace gas stoves, heatpump/aircon combos will be necessary because of increasing temperatures and everyone will drive EV's in the future, so why choose single phase?

[@mtumasz]

For most cars and lifestyles 7kW is plenty. I’d put 11kW only if the 3 phase was already available at the spot

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Spot on Shamut! Many people even survive fine on regular domestic sockets even slower! Thanks for the comment!

[@yevgeniyshawyer2767]

I have 3 phase in my London victorian house and I drive TMS100d ‘17. Maximum I can take it is 72Amp which is 3x24Amp. Car doesn’t more than this.

[@FredericJacquemin]

Right, and, my 2 cents here, the new Tesla's only have a 11kW converter now (AC to DC) (16Amp-3 Phase-240v). I had a 100D MX which could just like yours take up to 24 Amps (aroud 17kW max) but now I drive an MX Plaid and that thing will only charge up to 11kW. In the end, that's not a big of a deal, but if one day I want to use the full power of the circuit (32Amp on 3 Phases x 240v) to reach 22kW, I think I'll have to change the charging unit and use a AC to DC one - that would bypass the car's converter and directly charge the battery... altough ... I think the battery would like it at all since it's waiting for a ... 400v type of current... so I'm a little lost here with what to do to take the best of the installation I have... I'll keep looking. All ideas welcome!

[@channelooak]

If a EV source has can give 11kW through 4x16A 400V/TN, and we plug in a 32A/Single-phase car. Does that mean we only get 16A=3.6kW charge out of it?

[@Mladjasmilic]

Benefit of 3 phase is that you can carry more power with less copper. Also 3 phase motors have great power and no vibrations. As for EV: You can have your car charge at about 7kW with 5x1.5mm² (total 7.5mm²) cable (10A). That is easily made portable, and connector can be đade small (look up Yugoslav 3 phase, Perilex or Swiss 3 phase). At 16A, iz is 11kW. For similar power at 1 phase, you need at least 3x4mm² (12mm²) or 3x6mm² (18mm² total). For me, that is waste of material and unecessary thick and heavy cable. I make 3 phase 7-9kW at home, all the electronics fit inside the cable (but rcd, which most homes do have).

[@Mladjasmilic]

Many cars come with single phase onboard charger only. Like Jaguar i Pace. I had conversation a guy with I Pace and he was so freustrated that he payed so much for that car, imstalled 22kW wallbox at home, and he gets just 7kW. He could not believe that car that expensive would cođe with single phase only. Or worse case, 3 phase, but just 11kW, like BMW iX, which has huge battery. For them, having 'fast' onboard charger is not something that is nice to have, but a must. Having 10-13A from wall socket (2.4-3kW) would take over 24 hours to charge this cars if you get home almost empty. Even at 7kW single phase, it is over 12 hours to fully charge if empty.

[@nicholasmendoza6159]

A single phase has 2 wires!!!

[@enginerepairguy]

All houses will need 3 phase if we all switch to EV and heat pump. The different load on the grid will impload it if you cant balance it propperly

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Plenty of houses already have Heat Pumps, EVs, dishwashers, washing machines, etc. and manage just fine. Take the national grid in the UK for example, they have said that even if every car switches over, they still won't see the peaks of previous years. It's a valuable thought though, and thanks for bringing it up!

[@patdbean]

@@BestElectricVehicle the local balancing is done in single phase supplies by each house having a different phase to the ones on either side of it. No. 1 is on red. No.3 white. No.5 on blue and no. 7 on red again.

In the EU most of the houses have 3 phase power, mostly with 16 to 25A breakers, businesses go up to 63A, and apartments are usaly wired for 20A single-phase, but then they usually upgrade to 32A for induction cookers and AC heating. I am thinking of getting an EV but before that, we will probably invest in a solar system. Just to offset additional strain to our electric bill.

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Little bit of extra money on the leccy bill alright, but the savings in fuel will be massive! Thanks for the comment Uros!

[@ramblerandy2397]

Isn't it odd [for odd read far-sighted] that in Europe much of the domestic supply is 3 phase? Here in the UK we are single phase domestically. Oh whoopie, he shouted cynically. 😉 In truth, much of the ability to AC charge quickly is upto the car if there is an adequate supply. We can't all be Renault Zoes with 22kWh ability potential, but at work I can charge my ID.3 at 11.5kWh and my colleague with his E-Corsa charges at 7kWh off the same EVSE type. But we work while the cars charge in plenty of time before we disconnect and go home with a week to a fortnight's worth of range.

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Would be nice if it was done from the start alright! And you're right about charge speeds...even a 3 pin socket would do you in work...50/60 miles added during a working day? Thanks Andy!

[@ramblerandy2397]

@@BestElectricVehicle It's been six months since we started charging for free at work, and word is definitely getting round. People are beginning to realise that EVs cost almost nothing to run. My estimate is that by April next year [one whole year] we'll need at least another Type 2 Zappi.

[@maggyh199]

Hello, I have a 3 phase at home, does that mean that I should pay extra to have 22kW charger in my new car please?

[@guccinutella5075]

Yes

[@Mladjasmilic]

If your car supports 3 phase charger, you can find cheap ones.

[@David_Day]

Hi Mr. P! Do you charge your NIO at home?

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Not sure who Mr P is! But thanks for the comment anyway!

[@MrChochulchang]

Hi! Thanks for your insightful videos! I have a small question. Can you think of any circumstances where 3 phase would be preferable to 1 phase?

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Suppose it depends on your car. 3-phase can deliver a lot faster. Won't matter for a car like the LEAF...but a Zoe could take 22kW. Delighted your enjoying the videos!

[@JustMeTalking]

Yes... We have two 80 kWh electric cars, two Powerwall storage batteries and a heat pump. On 3 Phase it means everything can be charging at full power, for hours. Rather than load balancing to much lower charging levels. Much lower charging levels means it takes longer... and may fall outside the electric cheap-rate period.

[@johnrenshaw9688]

Hi from Spain, I recently bought a house and in the garage and workshop there are 3 phase sockets which I have no idea what they were used for, the previous owners did not have an EV and they had no idea what the 3 phase was used for, there was apparently in the past facilities to heat the pool. The main house simply uses single phase AC. I don't use an electric car at the moment because on a routine basis I travel 425 km. journeys and as far as I am aware there are no electric cars capable of this range, however soon I won't be able to drive in my local city with my 2.5 liter diesel car. I may have to buy an electric car, so my question is can all electric cars be charged from this 3 phase socket I have? Thank you for posting the video even I understood most of the content. Kind regards, John.

[@birianination7097]

The tesla does

[@臺灣是國家臺灣是國家]

Nice one Martin. Perfect. Kw/h is confusing.

[@chevalde31]

Its kWh ( kW multiplied by hours not divided) a 1 kW load during 2 hours is 2 kWh which is identical with a 4 hours 0,5kW load . Its an energy unit different than power (Watts)

[@BestElectricVehicle]

Thanks! Glad you're enjoying the videos!

[@telepathyh7343]

Is it possible to convert the 3-phase AC into DC first before charging the EV?

[@mattbrew11]

Not economically

[@aleksandarl6975]

Here in Bosnia almost all houses have 3 phases, just some apertment buildings are 1 phase per apartment, but still 3 phases to the building itself. Water heaters are mostly electric, with gas ones being rare oddity and only used in some cities. Stoves are also mostly electric becose gas infrastructure is almost non existent, apart from 2-3 cities that i know of, people that use gas stoves use 10kg propane tanks in their homes. EV chargers are rare and far between, but last time i checked they are all still free.

[@Mladjasmilic]

Ja pravim punjače 7-9kW (10-13A) na Yu trofaznu utičnicu. Ako ikad zapne.

[@aleksandarl6975]

@@MladjasmilicOdlucno, valja znati kome da se obratim ako ikad kupim elektricno auto.

[@Mladjasmilic]

@@aleksandarl6975 Ima sajt kupujemprodajem, tu kucaj 'najmanji trofazni punjač', možeš videti šta pravim.