Sodium-potassium pump | Cells | MCAT | Khan Academy

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How a sodium potassium pump can maintain a voltage gradient across a cell or neuron's membrane. Created by Sal Khan.
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[@weebleapplesmooooo]

POTASSIUM. POTASSIUM. POTASSIUM 9:02 9:41 9:43 10:08 10:18 10:23 not sodium

[@msokiedokie123]

Good looking out

[@weebleapplesmooooo]

I am a hardworking man 8-)

[@zaimahbegum-diamond1660]

Sean Ngui thank you..I picked that up, which means something is making sense. please do a new one Mr Khan.

[@AA-ge6vo]

Thank god i am not the only one; I was losing my mind!!!!

[@MyAdventuresInc]

ikr

[@AlanUy212]

I'm learning more on KZbin than in school for 2 reasons: 1) Visualization of information in an entertaining manner; and 2) Predisposition to learn (I choose what I'm interested in learning). This is the future of education.

[@onceinalifetime9]

You are the best! Finally someone who can make sense of physiology and make it understandable. If professors cared enough to teach like you do there wouldn't be a pass or fail. It would be a passed the class only scenario. Thank you. I will be following all of your videos and telling all of my friends and family where they can go for clarity. Thank you. 1,000 times thank you.

[@heatherdahlin4737]

You mix up your solutes many times. First you say that you pump out 3 phosphorus when you meant sodium and then you say you pump in sodium when you meant potassium. Otherwise, really appreciate the video.

[@MrTRANnysaurus]

07:25 Instead of "phosphate groups" it should actually be Na+ that gets pumped to the outside.

[@AUSTrepznt]

i cant believe how much sense this makes ! your are the best

[@jamieli9792]

Why would i read my biology notes when i can just watch this :D Thanks for making my life easier in biology!

[@AmyyyCullen]

Cheers mate, i'm a year 12 human bio student from Australia, about to do a test on this tomorrow and was so confused up until now. Your fantastic at explaining and i'm going to forward this video on to all my friends as we are all so confused. Thanks man! i really appreciate it :)

[@BruceWayne-tt5uk]

you said sodium ions in step 5 when it was supposed to be potassium

[@llee9ful]

Yes I saw that! i'm not going mad :D

[@imegatrone]

Nice Video How a sodium potassium pump can maintain a voltage gradient across a cell or neuron's membrane That You Share , So Very Nice Thanks You

[@aurelliawhitmore]

He made a few mistakes with naming Na K and K Na. He also called the Na in the second pump he drew to the left Phosphate,but he explained it very well.

[@jonstewopt]

Crystal clear (except minor errors) - thanks. KZbin is 'king marvellous for study!

[@MakeMEEuP]

yes, he said anywhere along the neuron that isnt mylinated. So yes you would find it on axon (nodes)

[@MrMhassan7]

yeah obviously its a fantastic video and me aswell appreciate this man...i was also confused but now its fine......

[@Shacklebolt29]

My tutor yayy! Thanks Khanacademy

[@joselesanroman]

Thank you BigEdJon, that makes a bit more sense to me now.

[@aidan6123]

Your videos are fantastic, a great tool for gaining in general biology knowledge

[@mehrgoltiv9723]

These videos are all truly great, but this is the second one in which you have said "sodium" when you actually meant "potassium." Please be more careful!

[@felicegranados7897]

thats why he made a correction video on it :)

[@TheLovelySabrinaM]

You're a genius.

[@bbbenita]

I LOVE the way you explain this......thank you so much! I would LOVE to take your class.....do you teach in Chicago? LOL have a great day!

[@chrissweeten846]

what does he use to make these videos? It looks really fun!!

[@SmashBrosBrawl]

i love all the pretty colors

[@IamChandEvil]

yup, its sodium ions that are released outside the cell, and the phosphate is released inside the cell simultaneously =P

[@pranjaliitk]

AWESOME VIDEO....helped a lot fr my xams!!!

[@horsinoff6]

This guy explains things better in 14 minutes than my lecturer does in two hours

[@sharedivinelove]

Thanks.. Its a great help. God bless u!

[@WispNL]

I agree, but for specific reasons. Although a good teacher will explain this equally well, KZbin has these benefits: 1) you follow the explanation at a time of your own choosing, 2) there's less to no interference by classmates, 3) you can pause, repeat at will.

[@zaidmousa9867]

Okay. That makes more sense

[@ziathegreat]

Khan academy is awesome 👍

[@digiconvalley]

thanku veryy much sir.. God Bless you

[@remedytheband]

Look up Synapses, I think that should give you the general idea. Basically the action potential opens Calcium channels and this leads to Neurotransmitter (or even Hormones maybe?) being released outside the Neurone, converting the Electrical Signal into a Chemical Signal.

[@EDhynh0]

@127miles - Yes, there is: Neurosciences. You can graduate in Medicine and then specialize in Neurosciences (like António Damásio did) or you can graduate in Biochemistry and then graduate in Psychology and then you'll be able to study Neurosciences. Actually if you take that second option, you'll understand more of the way the brain works molecularly (bcuz of Biochem) and you'll also understand better the human mind (bcuz of Psychology). My advice is: second option ;)

[@chinchillamdgamer]

@nafizkarim poor guy he kinda just got a bit unattentive for a sec you guys , he was making it on purpose to see if you were paying attention,LOL, the videos are AWESOMEEE :D i love the one of the krebs cycle.

[@robertputneydrake]

my god frank zappa is alive and teaches about neurons!!

[@anooogy]

saal keeeeeep it up.. ur a gr8 teacher

[@Herb19tyt]

thanks for the video

[@suprslkchk]

Brilliant...Thanks!

[@digiconvalley]

thanks alot Sir ! God bless u

[@leehailey3479]

This video was super helpful, thank you!

[@Dilkaranjot1994]

You mixed up your sodiums, and potassiums a little bit but great video, very helpful!

[@Marahxtb]

Thanks a lot!!!! You're awesome!!!!!!

[@bluesoulionj.e424]

I really appreciate uploading this video! It is really helpful for my biology test!! Really, thank you soooooo much!

[@emekachukwu1863]

Wow this is really great Thanks for the info I understand it now

[@Momothebean]

these videos are great! thanks for the lesson i feel like i understand more now!

[@berni17c]

@nafizkarim he should really check back to this vid and annotate the mistakes. if it wasnt for u i wudve got mixed up, thx for the corrections :)

[@kevinkott9853]

This is explanation of Re-polarization to resting potential

[@angelipskiss]

Awesome job explaining

[@BigEdJon]

The Na would be constantly moving around (kinetics) so at some point the Na will combine with the receptor sites. Also the inside of the cell is also positive so the Na ions would still repel even if the inside of the cell is less positive. At least that is my thought/explanation

[@marcusmd114]

I actually learned two things. The sodium/potassium pump and how a volt meter works :P Really effective vids man. :)

[@SWIFTzTrigger]

actually in its resting state the potential difference is -100mV (resting membrane potential) this is Veq, or equilibrium voltage, it goes to -70mV when the AP passes this is its driving force (therefore 30mV is the driving force of the AP)

[@Jamgrah]

Previous Video on this series: Anatomy of a Neuron Next Video on this series: Electrotonic and Action Potentials

[@marvelboy1974]

I LOVE this man!

[@MichAndo2712]

How many other people gringe when this guy says Sodium as he writes K and Potassium as he writes Na!!

[@QuangLi]

Michelle Anderson "gringe"?

[@koerdo1]

I love your videos but could you please make an video about biological membranes relating carrier proteins, channel proteins, diffusion etc. thank you !

[@ausenttalentagency]

thank you

[@damarcojohnson3346]

Great Job! Love your vidoes!

[@xdatgrlx]

Sad but so true!

[@RoryMajule]

Khan Academy has only been up since 2006, and it already has 3518 videos on KZbin, that's almost 1.5 videos a DAY. How does one man learn this much!

[@PV10008]

i love you mr khan

[@KK-fq6sm]

To those of you about to fail your tests, I salute you.

[@ChuuliviaHye]

Thabk you so much omg

[@carsonwillfixyou]

AWESOME video!!

[@freeman8201]

yes

[@MitchumJay]

Thanks! the videos I was watching showed repolarization as only K flowing outside the membrane, bud didn't explain how the k returned inside to polarize the cell again. It's the Na/K pump!

[@msmadijoh]

There are so many mistakes said in this video. You should redo it.

[@olgaperez6604]

He said sodium instead of potassium and since i hardly understand this i was going to lose my mind until i read the comments

[@paulinaduarteable]

Hi! Can you describe a simple experiment, explaining the contribution of the pump to the membrane potential?

[@cath2junga12]

i love u ur great

[@hedonism13]

Everytime he says "cell", I hear it as "Sal".

[@TheSilverMoonFly]

That's what I was thinking.

[@abhinavashok6291]

Please be careful and attentive. Don't teach the wrong things to people.

[@sahar1usa]

i think there is also another error at the beginning, Dentrites is not a sender is a reciever !!

[@chyna916]

sad but so true

[@MelissaSusan1997]

@ 9:04 we have 2 POTASSIUM not sodium ions bond to the "pump"

[@v-xup6]

what program do you use to draw all that, it's such an interesting program.

[@sohanjadhav7816]

Good vid

[@alissabrougham7440]

First of, thank you for all the awesome videos! I had a question though, it resting potential -70mv or is it 90mv, or is it between the two?

[@eliotwilliams4480]

what does it mean to have a negative voltage?

[@moeghoul7444]

u said the phosphates are pumped outside it's the sodium

[@ed-od9sd]

i have one question, along the path of the neuron, how/where is electrical signal related to chemical signal ?

[@VXDRG]

yeah the sodium and potassium are backwards at times

[@RlceBowl]

YOU KEEP MIXING UP K AND NA!!! hopefully most of us caught it beforhand!

[@LeanneJenZiegler]

You made some errors...step 4 is Potassium, not sodium (as you said) and I think you made another error earlier in the video. Can you fix these so your video will make more sense?

[@artanshkoza6741]

if you say that the main reason of negative resting potential is the high resting permeability of K+, what happens when K+ in the blood goes high? As I know, the K+ might even enter the cell but it (the cell) becomes less positive, but still remains negative, for example at - 60 or - 55 mV. how to explain this negativity in this case?

[@shalumaya]

sir,the video is very useful in understanding about the sodium potassium pump.But there is 1 mistake in recording,when you explain about two potassium ion by mistake you say that these are sodium ions,overall the video was good.

[@FLBandGeek101]

do you have anything else on active transport????

[@caesar619]

When does ADP dissociate from the pump?

[@cherylpops2719]

too many mix ups.

[@carlosmerino2243]

Would this be classified as resting potential?

[@makeye]

So ATP is not required to change the protein back to its original shape?

[@Stonymypony]

So the signal is received at the dendrite right? Does this electrical potential gradient exist from the tip of the dendrites, through the soma (cell membrane), down the axon and to the axon terminals? I thought that the gradient only existed on the axon and the signal traveled down the axon when the signal gets to the axon hillock. Maybe I am missing something...can someone help?

[@joselesanroman]

Why would the Sodium ions want to bind to the receptor site of the (orange) protein in first place if the inside is less positive? Positive-Positive are not attracted to each other. Someone please answer that. Thank you very much.

[@yeett173]

Is there no dephosphorylation?

[@chaitanyakeerthi74]

you told that there are 2 potassium ions passed into the neuron so does the no. of potassium ions inside the cell remain less throughout our life? please answer my doubt

[@AlexanderArndt]

What happens to a cell if Thallium (TI) binds on it instead of potassium? (It's known that TI got a higher affinity to the cell than K+) The cell gets bigger and bigger but I don't know why...captain!

[@jennastroup8474]

that awkward moment when you realize that You Tube is more useful than school...

[@LSI_MGA]

Help!!!!!! Does the Na+\K+ pump works during the action potential or only at rest?

[@ANu-dw9io]

What are the things that affect the na/k pump activity?.. Today my exam😓

[@fisslewine1222]

But, doesnt a neuron actually hold data other than the superposition of the stimulation waves? how is that data such as a memory of how to carryout an action stored and stimukated when in need of carrying out the action?

[@sabrinsawaid8335]

Fissle Wine sorry im late. but the reason why a neruon does not carry memory or any genetic material is because it does not synthesis tRNA so it can not go through the DNA replication process.

[@209yangyang]

still a little confuse. what occurs during the resting state ( such as specific ions inside and outside the neuron) i know that part, but what is the voltage inside the neuron during the resting state?