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Here are general instructions for making a simple flat solar collector:
Step 1: Gather materials and tools:
- A metal-plastic pipe or buy a ready-made heat exchanger made of pipes (for example, copper).
- Styrofoam or other insulating material to retain heat.
- Board of oriented strand board (OSB) to create a body.
- Polyethylene film or acrylic glass to cover the collector.
- Tools: saw, drill, rifle, screws, insulating tape, thermometer and other necessary equipment.
Step 2: Construction of the collector body:
- Cut out the shape of the body from the OSB board. You can make it rectangular or square, depending on your needs and available materials.
- Assemble the case using screws and thermal insulation tape to ensure good thermal insulation.
Step 3: Making the heat exchanger:
- If you do not have a ready-made heat exchanger from tubes, make it from a metal-plastic pipe. Create a spiral structure from the tube that will pass through the manifold.
Step 4: Styrofoam Placement:
- Place the foam in the middle of the collector body around the heat exchanger. It will help keep the heat in the collector.
Step 5: Collector Cover:
- Cover the upper part of the collector with polyethylene film or acrylic glass. It should be transparent so that sunlight can penetrate into the collector.
Step 6: Connection:
- Connect the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchanger to the coolant circulation system, for example, to the heating system in the house.
Step 7: Testing and Tuning:
- After assembling the collector, check it for leaks and air leaks. Perform test runs to ensure that the collector is working properly and transferring heat to the coolant.
Remark:
- Depending on your needs, it may be necessary to add a pump and thermostat to optimize the system.
- The results of solar collectors can vary greatly depending on geographical location, weather conditions and the efficiency of the collector you are building.
Remember that this is only a general guide and it is best to consult a professional if you have no previous experience in building solar collectors.