Space is Weird | X-Ray Jellyfish Galaxies

[@arasharfa]

your channel is priceless to me. It is very difficult for me to read scientific publications, so listening to you is a much more efficient way for me to learn more in depth details about the universe that otherwise never get explained in mainstream media coverage. thank you!

[@narrator69]

I can only imagine that your professors must have adored you for your enthusiasm, it's bloody contagious even through a screen.

[@logwind]

@Blood Berylhis comment was not forward. it's you who needs to simmer down.

[@BjerkeRobin]

@blood beryl whoa there. Salty much?

[@vaderdudenator1]

Shame BB can’t conceive of complementing a woman without the goal of bedding them

[@flamencoprof]

Imagine being born on a planet orbiting one of the stars formed in the "tail", to find out that your whole "solar" system is just a bit of cosmic foam left in the wake of this cosmic dash of billions of stars through space!

[@rakninja]

you'd have a breathtaking night sky, though.

[@SharpAssKnittingNeedles]

@@rakninja Right!? To have a galaxy face-on filling over half the sky would be so amazing! Even seeing our own from inside is inspirational but wow that would be insane 🥰

[@IMortage]

I don't think finding a needle in a needle-stack is particularly difficult. (Sorry about nitpicking, but that amused me, love your videos!)

[@FelineBlender]

Nd2Fe14B?

[@archenema6792]

As any Aussie will tell you, it's the very small jellyfish you've gotta watch out for.

[@bombappetit]

And them with blue streaks.

[@NZC_Meow]

Hi neighbour. I'm Kiwi

[@mabus4910]

underrated channel

[@PuzzleQodec]

Haha yeah finding a specific needle in a needlestack, now _that_ is hard! :D

[@herblapp]

Sounds like a northern UK colloquialism to me. 😉

[@georgekraft1401]

I love your little weird remarks. As an American, I think directing a jellyfish galaxy with Robert Hunter would be really cool.

[@NZC_Meow]

I remember seeing a spiral-ish jellyfish galaxy while I was in galaxy zoo and I thought that it is something which is very very very weird and just clicked every option in the "does it have any of these rare features" question.

[@SharpAssKnittingNeedles]

Hope you did a screen grab! And did you shoot a message to the research team?

[@NZC_Meow]

@@SharpAssKnittingNeedles yep

[@SharpAssKnittingNeedles]

@@NZC_Meow If it was featured in a paper or something do share! Super cool!

[@xliquidflames]

Great video. I'm fascinated by the different ways galaxies get their shapes. Thanks for the awesome video. I had no idea jellyfish galaxies existed.

[@ManweSulim0]

One mystery not answered : Why doesn't Dr Becky have more subscriber's ?

[@TK_Brainslug]

as a native german speaker I honestly didn't know what you were talking about, but lucky me you put it on screen seconds later.

[@christophergreenDP]

Thanks Dr. Becky! You make Wednesday afternoons fun :-)

[@smittysmith3227]

It’s galaxy season and this video fits in perfectly. I shall be glued to my telescope eyepiece full of jellyfish galaxy knowledge!😁 Thank you Dr. B and I especially like the graphics that accompany your video vlogs. The jellyfish galaxy data images were amazing and a favorite to view. Cheers” ✨💫🌒🔭👁

[@sauce1101]

Community is my favorite TV comedy of all time!

[@ltdowney]

The intersection of two of my favorite things, cosmology and marine biology 😍

[@DrBecky]

Mine too! At age 11 I wandered round telling anyone who would listen that I wanted to be a marine biologist

[@archenema6792]

I always thought Ichthyology must be a little boring. Those fish miss out on all the biological fun, if you catch my drift. ;)

[@WireMosasaur]

gosh if there's a channel like this or Eons etc. just for marine biology papers/mysteries etc. with more in-depth (ha) science I would love to know, that would be amazing - I already watch the Okeanos/Nautilus streams off and on but it's just not the same as having the science carefully explained by someone as delightful as Dr. Becky, y'know?

[@vsiegel]

In "Bremsstrahlung", a German word, the "ss" is unusual. The two s come from two separate constituting words: "Brems-Strahlung" is "break radiation". So the "s" are spoken as two separate "s".

[@acdchook]

Only a billion stars in the milky way? Last I heard the estimate was around 400 billion.

[@archenema6792]

What's a couple of powers of ten between friends?

[@Kris_M]

I've heard 150 billion, another time it was 200 billion. How hard can it be to count?

[@TeddSpeck]

@@Kris_M Very, apparently. I seem to recall they recently dropped the count of stars in the Andromeda galaxy to about the same as the Milky Way, which I believe is about 400 billion, at last count. I'm going to see if I can count to 100 billion. 1. 2. 3. 4. ...

[@archenema6792]

@@TeddSpeck Aren't you finished yet? I'm waiting......

[@brettelliott4116]

Kris M when was the last time you sat down and counted a 150 billion things?

[@aaronmicalowe]

It's a bit like reading a comic that's still being written. You gorge off everything that has past until one day, you catch up to the present and find that you have to wait ages between each strip.

[@linseyyoung1772]

Is it just me or does anyone else say "Hi Dr. Becky!" in the manner of greeting Dr Nick from the Simpsons when watching? 🤔

[@mikgus]

Not until now... dam you

[@archenema6792]

Hello wonderful Becky, this is person.

[@TeddSpeck]

It's my old friend, Mr. McGreg. With a leg for an arm and an arm for a leg!

[@TeddSpeck]

@@archenema6792 Nice!

[@archenema6792]

@@TeddSpeck Had to take the opportunity Linsey presented to give a shout out to Anton. He's in Russia for the next two weeks finalizing the probate court issues for his deceased mother. Love that guy!

[@hibiscus779]

oh Becky. A billion stars in our galaxy? You KNOW better. :S

[@erikthedragongeek7657]

I was just gonna post that too..lol

[@DrBecky]

I’m an astronomer - we’re all about orders of magnitude 😂

[@patbak235]

@@DrBecky 1 10 100 1000 no difference really

[@ogdocvato]

So cool to see Dr. Becky's Ph.D. in astrophysics diploma in this video! I cannot imagine how much work and determination it took to earn such a degree. Dr. Becky and Professor Meghan are awesome!

[@pierreabbat6157]

I'd like to see a Portuguese man-of-war galaxy in Hydra. Or is one of these galaxies named Velella?

[@connorm3436]

“It’s like finding a needed in a needle stack” I feel like that wouldn’t be that difficult 😄

[@axelhedstrom654]

No, it is common (not rare) ;)

[@handleymachine4421]

I have a question about the way galaxies move through space. Is their orientation relative to the direction they are traveling random? Or do they move face on? Or maybe more like a frisbee?

[@Dappdude]

Great video! Little correction, braking your car doesn't get you kinetic energy. The kinetic energy is what you have because you're moving, and braking takes kinetic energy away by turning it into heat.

[@shawnharvPhotography]

Dr. Becky, Its always a pleasure watching you talk about space! Do you ever do any backyard observing yourself through amateur telescopes?

[@Locut0s]

Love your chanel Becky. One idea I have if you haven’t already done something like this. Make a video talking about what it’s like being an astrophysicist. I’m 36 and due to life circumstances that I won’t go into, because they are boring lol, I’ve had a different career path. One I’m burned out in. But I’m strongly considering taking a sharp left turn and going into astrophysics and or cosmology. I’ve had a life long strong passion for the sciences instilled into me by my father. And an aptitude for them. I’ve had an even deeper passion for astronomy and cosmology and physics in general, especially particle physics. But it’s a scary prospect at my age (at any age) to think about doing this and there aren’t many sources of inspiration out there, you are one. I went to a university to sit down and talk with an academic physics advisor who couldn’t really help me of course because they don’t do inspiration lol. Which is what you and other YTers do so wonderfully. A lot of people tell you it’s risky getting into the sciences at an older age, and I’d be in my 50s at least by the time I finished a PhD. Past ones science prime years. To say nothing of the cost. But the thought of the amazing instruments that would be available to me at that point that hopefully will be seeing first light in the coming decade bolsters my passion. Everything from the JWST, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, ELT, the GMT, and others in other parts of the EM spectrum, to say nothing of the coming era of gravitational wave astronomy.

[@thedecktothe16thpower56]

Things tend to get squishy in space time when heat or pressure is applied. I could imagine that heat and cold are the same thing, just different types of waves. Could even define a "Vacuum". That's just a thermal point of view too.

[@skateebee]

Interesting topic with a detailed yet easy to understand explanation. Great work! Please continue with this content!

[@rogersledz6793]

Thank you so much for uploading this video. It is helping me to get through the pandemic!

[@PartisanGamer]

from a German - you dont have to add "radiation" to Bremsstrahlung - it already means "breaking/deceleration radiation" (Brems from bremsen = to break/breaking and Strahlung being radiation) cheers and thanks for the work you put into these videos, much appreciated.

[@ravex24]

She know physics so well that she can pull water bottles from the sky! Amazing!

[@onderozenc4470]

I will cite Dr.Becky's videos as well in my thesis.

[@rogersledz6793]

@Dr. Becky You have presented a unique reason for a bicycle riding phobia ie Stripping Off your Hair because you are Going To Fast. LOL

[@herblapp]

Watch Becky's eyes (not hard to do!) She does this entire video extemporaneously. She's not looking at a script or even referring to an outline. It's all coming from inside...what talent and has also got to the result of tons of preparation. There are no ah's or interjected meaningless words or phrases while she thinks next where she's going. I think she took 3 or 4 breaths. They likely happened when they cut away to show the articles. Wow amazing

[@nodoxplz]

@2:40 Bremsstrahlung! My favorite word!

[@herblapp]

Haven't it used in years & years....50 to be exact.

[@jajwarehouse1]

If the gases being blown out of the galaxies can be compared to air causing your hair to blow off of your head if you ride your bike really fast, then what would be the air causing the wind in the galaxy cluster? Something that could not be used to form stars would have to be blowing the opposite direction of the movement of the galaxies, which would also be against the pull of gravity within the galaxy cluster. It would have to be some sort of cosmic rays, the same or similar to those ejected from the sun, but on a much more massive scale that would affect entire galaxies. There would need to be something in the center of the cluster generating the mass ejections, and unless the gasses are being blown out greater than the cluster escape velocity, the speed of the gasses should decrease enough where at a certain distance they should begin to accumulate and form new galaxies.

[@daddyleon]

6:15 hahaha you broke the analogy in such a lovely way! xD Fascinating content, glad to be a new subscriber :)

[@Fake_Blood]

Dr. Becky, just from watching astronomy lectures on youtube I get the impression that the role of supermassive black holes is kind of minimised among fellow astronomers? I hear things like their mass is relatively small compared to the galaxy they are in, and they generally only affect a small region around them. It might be the mystery surrounding them, but I have this feeling they are much more important than we think right now. I think those jets are one of the coolest phenomena we know of, it's almost as if the black hole is recycling the galaxy it is in, and beaming it away at the speed of light.

[@DrBecky]

It’s what my research is on - how supermassive black holes affect galaxies. They’re given ALOT of importance trust me. Without them our theories don’t match observations of galaxies. Problem is we haven’t observed their effects properly yet and we still don’t fully understand them

[@nicosmind3]

A needle in a needle stack would be everything you look at. Unless i heard that wrong

[@benfrost1944]

I think she means a SPECIFIC needle in a needle stack

[@DrBecky]

Yeah like an ever so slightly different needle in a needle stack - I’ll be more specific next time 😂

[@rubenanjavreesma7235]

a specific needle in a stack consisting of many needles, each of which were at one point individually located in and extracted from a separate haystack.

[@jrpipik]

"Finding a needle in a haystack" isn't a metaphor about rarity anyway, it's about difficulty. Maybe go in another direction all together.

[@rossjames9267]

A needle in a needle stack, best puzzle ever.

[@markholm7050]

At 2:58, you attribute Bremsstrahlung radiation to gravitational interaction, when it is electromagnetic.

[@billmaghan]

Will you tell us about the luminiferous aether? History is interesting and important. Thanks for the captions. Lots of people use them.

[@tovarischkrasnyjeshi]

The way you said Bremsstrahlung is completely fine. The ways you differ from what a native would say are all nitpicks; nothing really impeding understanding, just minor things that would give you away as an English speaking native. Which is pretty good when you don't speak the language.

[@emberklavins9567]

I’m doing undergrad research in biotech working on a system that uses an entirely separate imaging technique called MUSE (microscopy with ultraviolet surface excitation).

[@francisdexaviermaurinus4695]

Is Electromagnetic. Planets have tails sometimes. Like Venus in ancient times. All cultures identify Venus as a Comet. Nothing to do with Bycicle rides, is Elecromagnetic, is a Russian Roller Coaster. Check the Speeds acelerating. Good ending! Got me subscribe.

[@rakninja]

i'd never heard of a galaxy class called a "jellyfish," and i was guessing ram pressure stripping from the images. i suspect if this kind of thing is officially included into the actual classification scheme, it would be something like a "(t)" after the standard classification, in order to indicate a tail.

[@royhornyak8596]

you really are the cutest Astrophysicist on the planet. Just saying.

[@mrtoastyman07]

Great video!! Question: What kinds of effects would this kind of stripping and shocks have from viewed within the galaxy? Would critters in said galaxy know they were in such fast moving object? How would they tell? Like would they have a harder time measuring the expansion of the universe?

[@mechadrake]

Possible alien supercivilisations: starlifting was not enough, so they do a galactic core lifting. Moving all materials off the galaxies. Yep, this is fun thing to imagine :) now gather intel to find out how likely it is,, pls.

[@mechadrake]

@@stevenutter3614 it was a typo! Fin pun would have been better though! :)

[@Hailfire08]

2:56 You mean electrostatic, not gravitational. *I have been corrected: electrodynamic*

[@michaelsommers2356]

Electrodynamic, actually.

[@Hailfire08]

@@michaelsommers2356 What's the difference between the two? Thanks

[@michaelsommers2356]

@@Hailfire08 One's static and the other's dynamic.

[@Veptis]

I love the fakecolor palettes used in the majority of the visitations today. They remind me of the Iron thermal palettes I use with LWIR occasionally. But I would love to get actual data in that wavelength from earth one day.

[@SharpAssKnittingNeedles]

The trouble is, a lot of the amazing images we see constructed from telescope data are from wavelengths our eyes can not detect, or they're several super specific wavelengths stacked on each other. This is the best way to gather data for science, and the pretty pictures we love are sadly just a side product to keep the public interested in funding these projects. But lerd do I crave some beautiful side-piece images of the cosmos!

[@Veptis]

@@SharpAssKnittingNeedles is this meant as a reply?

[@SharpAssKnittingNeedles]

@@Veptis Great question 🤔 this was written after several gin and tonics so I can honestly not say whether it was meant to be a reply to you or someone else.

[@mrunalnasery9415]

Hi Becky! Can you please put up a video about the equations and initial conditions used for simulations of such evolution of galaxies ?

[@DrBecky]

In its simplest form - you start with a random distribution of N particles (the higher the N the more accurate the simulation, but the higher the N the more computing power) and then each particle’s motion is governed by gravity - I.e. Einstein’s General Relativity equations. At each time step the force on each particle is updated and you run for as long as you need. For more specific information search for simulation projects such as EAGLE, FIRE, Millenium and Illustris - they will each have a paper published describing the set up of the simulation in great detail

[@Hailfire08]

Spirals? Pfft. Lenticulars ftw

[@argh523]

Since you mentioned it: Pronunciation was pretty close except for the middle part, it's Brems-shtrahlung. Also, since it literally translates to "break-radiation", "Bremsstrahlung radiation" at 2:56 means "break-radiation radiation" ;)

[@ReginaldCarey]

Very bluish tint to the vid. Content fantastic as usual! Cheers

[@MultiNacnud]

I thought urania would have come to mind first,she is the muse of astronomy after all.

[@hardrocklobsterroll395]

I'm really happy to have found your channel!!

[@WhiteSpatula]

Do we know what kind of trajectory the Milky Way is on? Like.. are we tumbling end over end? Wobbling like a hub cap? Maybe gliding like a frisbee or a chinese star? Or are we bellyflopping through space, maybe with the hintiest hint of our own jellyfish tentacles? I imagine from our perspective, that would seem like a galactic version of zodiacal light. But probably not the case in our little corner of the great void, huh? No cluster wind? Hm.. Anyway.. Cheers! -Phill, Las Vegas

[@Dragrath1]

With the way these galaxies are stripped the rarity could be an artifact of short lifespans sort of like how yellow hypergiant stars are rare as they are a transitional state for the already scarce high mass stars

[@LordDragon1965]

If I did my math correctly, the speed of that jellyfish galaxy is 2000 km/sec which translates to about 0.67% of c

[@user-er8le9hn6v]

At 6:17 you say "it's like finding a needle in a needle stack", but it's very easy to find a needle in a needle stack-- it's entirely needles.

[@user-er8le9hn6v]

Unless you meant 1 specific needle among many?

[@amonw1994]

you deserve much more views. pls continue to amaze us. ( have started to study physics 1.5 years ago)

[@primoroy]

Are any of these jellyfish galaxies visible to an amateur telescope or are they only visible in other wavelengths?

[@chillyshotorbitus5152]

Space issue were the key to understand how physics really works. Conslussion : SPACE NOT CURVES, SPACE EXPANDS due to matter accumulation. Empirical evidence : expanding atoms, stars amd galaxies. (space is not infinite, not creates itself from nothing and not bends but space=distnce=field=range can either expand or to contract).

[@MarcinSzyniszewski]

A couple of years ago, I remember reading about the discovery of a galaxy supposedly made only from the dark matter. Is this still a thing? If yes, would there be interesting/intriguing mergers between normal galaxies (matter and DM halo) and dark matter galaxies? Or DM galaxies and DM galaxies?

[@darkstar2111]

You said bremsstrahlung quite good. I have bigger challange for you: Tsiolkovsky, Wolszczan, Svetlana Gerasimenko, Klim Churyumov. These are bearly possible if you grew up in one of the countries outside the Slavic languages group :P

[@WireMosasaur]

those are wild ancient Voidfish, obviously

[@adm0iii]

Won't galaxies moving towards the center of such a cluster get somewhat compressed as it falls in? That is, the outer edges of the galaxy will fall in at slightly different angles that converge towards the center? If so, won't that compression heat the gas, but not the stars in the galaxy? And won't the heated gas resist further compression, thus tend to push back against the gravity falling in, and thus get left behind? I know that the gravitational center of a cluster of galaxies isn't a point, so this effect would lessen as you get closer towards the center, but it seems it would still affect them before they approached the center.

[@walkingmap]

I come for the astronomy and stay for the outtakes

[@JoeDeglman]

Those jellyfish galaxies are not having their gases stripped away from them, the are just like the Aurora of the Earth. The magnetic field around the current flow into and out of the galactic core becomes more energetic because of the increased current flow through the galactic core, versus other galaxies. That increased current flow simply excites the gases and ether medium that is present there. We know the current flow into the Earths poles is not stripping gases away, they are just exciting the gases that are present there, giving off a visible spectrum.

[@ebbeollman1198]

Your sound in the videos lately I think has improved but you should use a separate fairly good microphone instead of the one built in the camera. David Johns who runs the KZbin-channel CruisingTheCut is an example of having good audio even in not ideal conditions: He's an old radio broadcaster.

[@berlindude75]

"Die Bremsstrahlung", German feminine compound noun consisting of "die Strahlung" (the radiation) and "bremsen" (to brake, to decelerate). Hence, braking or deceleration radiation. Pronunciation is approximately /BREMS-SHTRA-LHOUNG/.

[@berlindude75]

Also compare with "der Strahl" (the ray/beam/jet/squirt/streak).

[@juliusc.2088]

How do galaxies accelerate, especially to these velocities?

[@konoha1993]

Becky, your channel is awesome! Please shoot the next video in better light though ^^'

[@chrissscottt]

I'd suggest that finding a needle in a needle stack is rather easy....

[@archenema6792]

Yeah, but WHICH needle? How do you find Waldo if everyone is Waldo?

[@richardsylvanus2717]

Cleverly brought the band Muse into the video. 😉

[@kadourimdou43]

What do galaxies look like 4 to 5 Billions years ago, around the time the Earth was forming?

[@proberts34]

I'm no astrophysicist, but if the majority of jellyfish galaxies occur within clusters of galaxies, wouldn't it be reasonable to assume that they are created because of something related to the clusters of galaxies, like another galaxy passing through at some particular angle long ago?

[@VGAstudent]

What I'd like to know is what the result is going to be with our own galaxy merging with the Andromeda galaxy, after we both merge, the resultant path of the two new galaxies is going to be a slower aggregate speed that was the original larger galaxy being slowed by absorbing the smaller galaxy, much like what you could expect out of fluid dynamics. What will the resultant speed and vector be of our new merged galaxy? With the merged galaxy moving slower through the universe, would it be capable of grabbing interstellar gasses at slower speeds, making more new stars to form because of slower speeds through the intergalactic medium? Would we see more new stars even when comparing the new size, but also because of the slower speed our galaxy would be moving at relativistically? Would we become an anchor galaxy that may strip gasses from passing faster galaxy trails forming new stars ourselves? Possibly making a passing galaxy become a jellyfish galaxy?

[@canonwright8397]

lol finding a needle in a needle stack shouldn't be too hard... but you're the scientist, I'll bow to your expertise. =].

[@killfalcon]

The trick is finding the one specific needle you want!

[@canonwright8397]

@@killfalcon lol i know what she meant, It just sounded funny. =]'

[@archenema6792]

@@killfalcon Exactly. How do you find Waldo if everyone looks like Waldo?

[@DrBecky]

I love how you lot call him Waldo. It's 'Where's Wally?" in the UK.

[@archenema6792]

@@DrBecky I'm not sure why the publishers made it different, but I think the names are sort of defunct slang in both countries: in the UK a wally is a fool, while in the US a waldo is a fellow who's inept with the ladies. :)

[@erikthedragongeek7657]

Love today's video, fun and informative as always

[@Godzilla0815_VfB]

Your pronunciation of Bremsstrahl was very good :D

[@saultube44]

So this galaxy, got torpedo out of the cluster at *0.67% c* by the a cluster size X-Ray heated gas volume? like an intergalactic microwave? wow, I didn't even know that was possible, if so life on those planets should be non-existent or really weird to withstand high temps and x-ray radiation. Wow imagine that, so many potential habitable planets with habitable zones but lots of hot gasses and X-Rays poisoning them all, such a huge waste. But question Dr. Becky: shouldn't the galactic disk of each galaxy protect the planets inside of them, at least for the most part? what about the planets on the shooting galaxy? Well the new AMD EPYC CPUs and Radeon Pro 2 Duo GPUs might help you with this in a supercomputer, you must know a few as an astrophysicist, or just ask around

[@ronaldderooij1774]

Oops, a bit too much information in too little time for my old brain here. Have to watch again at 0.75 speed. But the enthusiasm is clear!

[@SolaceEasy]

At the at the three and a half minute Mark please edit to say thermal energy is extracted through breaking a car not kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is transferred into thermal energy.

[@herblapp]

Good point but notice she flys at the speed of light doing this extemporeniously. That's absolutely amazing and occasionally she even takes a breathe!!!! 😉

[@herblapp]

Dr. Mike Merriweather of University of Nottingham is one fast talking guy. But Dr. Becky leaves him in the gas stream lagging far behind in a gaseous tentacle. 😂

[@DurokSubaka]

Btw its braking not breaking. Nothing broke.

[@hyfy-tr2jy]

Steve Deasy... there are only two forms of energy...kinetic or potential....thermal energy is just a subtype (and technically a blend of both types)

[@book3100]

One day we'll fly our guitar city ship to the jellyfish galaxy to talk tho the space brain beings...

[@whatelseison8970]

I am so jealous of Matt Bellamy right now.. whoever that is.

[@uncletomcobley6950]

Lead singer of the band Muse.

[@papinkelman7695]

I thought finding a needle in a needlestack would be very easy. Like: there it is. But I guess I am wrong.

[@patbak235]

finding A needle in a stack of THOSE needles

[@papinkelman7695]

@@patbak235 A stack of the same needles then? Wich make it: there they are...?

[@bazoo513]

Umm, isn't electromagnetic, rather than gravitational, interaction responsible for bremsstrahlung? I am pretty sure that electrons hitting metal anode in an X-ray tube of my XREF setup are not particularly affected by the gravitational field of anode atoms... The analogy with brakes was not particularly useful, I would say. Accelerating charge emitting EM radiation has no "everyday" analog, as far as I can think of (although, of course, is at the core of many macroscopic effects, like radio.)

[@greennights2388]

"ooh cool. Great spirals we can make, I wonder what happens if we throw one at another? Call it Bowling." Source.

[@rak3shpai]

Hey Dr. Becky! Confusion: Why does Ram pressure stripping work at all? It shouldn't matter that the galaxy is moving fast, since relativistically speaking, from its own perspective, it isn't moving at all, right? In the biking analogy, it's the wind that'll strip hair off. I'm having trouble figuring out what's pushing the gases out for fast moving galaxies in the vacuum of space. What's the equivalent of the wind the biker would face? New-ish subscriber. Thanks a ton for your videos!

[@DrBecky]

Hi Rakesh! If it was just the vacuum of space it was falling through that would be the case. But there’s hot gas pervading the space between the galaxies in the cluster that the jellyfish is falling into. So it feels a pressure from that gas - like the air in the wind analogy 👍

[@rak3shpai]

@@DrBecky Thanks for the reply! That makes sense. I thought intergalactic gases would have very little effect, but I guess they also have all the time in the... universe.

[@АндрейДынин-л8т]

a key to dark matter or no time for energy exchange short version Energy exchange limit or limit for two point to interact. it is a bit hard to write down this thought for me. if two points have relative speed more then speed of light, they not able to interact. but they can interact through the third point. (exactly like dark matter) 1)You know how space can expand faster then light? And it also can curve? soo, it most likely can curve true it selfe. and this how it not interacting with it selfe. (in black holes space curveture length is extremely small) 2) How many time need for Sun to exchange energy with you? soo every energy exchange take some "time". There for if two point have speed difference more then C, they will have no "time" to exchange energyx, have no "time" for exchange to occure. Even if they will share same place. also you may see it as, FLT parts in more then one place at a "time" compare to us. For FLT part we in less then one place at "time". (why mass go up) it more about interaction limin then about speed of light. can be tested, if we will represent a third point. long version -dark matter in our galaxy, (most likely particles emitted by central black hole) is particles that moving faster than light. (most likely you do not "belive" in this) if i assume it is correct, then big amount of hydrogen on edge of galaxy, is where this "dark matter particles" decay after losing speed. (decay like new particles from hadron collider) -parts of dark matter alredy found, but we do not about it. (perseption(particles from hadron collider)) -particles found with hadron collider behave like a dark matter after loosing speed. -most likely there is a energy exchange speed limit in betwen two points (not sound speed), most likely it is a speed of light. (that about why we do not see dark matter, but see it interction with other(slower for it/faster for us) particles) -particles from hadron collider will be stable if placed in faster then light speed. whant to tell more, I hope this is enough to contact me. the key is a energy exchange speed limit (i want my Nobel for showing you dark matter) Best regards, Dynin A.I.

[@liz.217]

Jelly fish in the waters above? Are those flat earthers making fun of us again?

[@jwarmstrong]

One day we will find that jellyfish galaxies are being eaten by turtle galaxies - who are eaten by killer whale galaxies.

[@davetownsend8196]

You should audition for the Sky at Night! ☺

[@timkirkpatrick9155]

What do you think of Shull and Danforths Oxygen.val.+7 plasma filament data for the missing universe mass?

[@FlankyFrankie]

Yay you got a decent microphone!

[@ghhg-je8wv]

and then it struck my the gas is being panned off, like in gold panning! light gas(sand) is pulled off and heavy stars(gold) remain. But getting your hair ripped out is more visceral! ^_^

[@joshuarichardson6529]

You would have to accelerate the bicycle to 600 MPH to rip your hair out. I very much doubt her legs are that strong.