Space Warfare & Anti Satellite Weapons - "Taking the High Ground" in the new warfighting domain

Whenever a new technology is developed a new domain becomes accessible, there's often a brief window before it's weaponised.
The first computer predates the first hacking attack, the first aircraft were not armed, and the first satellites were blissfully immune to any targeting or attack.
But humans are humans, and if there's a target to hit, sooner or later militaries will try to find a way to hit it. And where a domain becomes particularly valuable (in the way space has becomes) it makes sense that it will not remain immune to attack forever.
In this episode I begin what I hope is a miniseries (to be spread out over time) on war as a domain for competition and, potentially, warfighting. I look today specifically at the basics of space combat, and some of the tools available to nations who want to take the fight to an opponent's space-based capabilities.
Patreon:
/ perunau
Caveats & Comments:
A special thanks to Jakub (@Rebel44CZ on twitter) for his contributions to this episode and support in the review and editing process
Sources used during the video on France (including in relation to French space ambitions) are not repeated again below
Please note that this content has in places been (I think necessarily) simplified
Please also note that Counterspace programs are often some of the most guarded and protected programs out there (as far as we can tell). I thus fully expect that the publicly available picture of capabilities differs from the actual state of affairs, but I still think exploring the issue is valuable for the purposes of this channel.
All other common or previously cited caveats apply.
Sources & Reading:
US Defence Intelligence Agency - CHALLENGES TO SECURITY IN SPACE, Space Reliance in an Era of Competition and Expansion
www.dia.mil/Portals/110/Docum...
CSIS - Space Threat Assessment 2023
aerospace.csis.org/wp-content/...
NATO'S Approach to Space
www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/to...
Reporting on Russian ASAT
warriormaven.com/future-weapo...
CRS: Space as a warfighting domain
crsreports.congress.gov/produ...
CRS: Directed Energy Weapons
crsreports.congress.gov/produ...
DOD commentary:
www.defense.gov/News/News-Sto...
TASS on Peresvet laser
tass.com/defense/1014121
tass.com/defense/1452697
US Reporting on Peresvet
www.washingtonpost.com/world/...
Space force 24 hour alert launch
spacenews.com/space-force-lay...
TASS on Russian satellite loss reporting
tass.ru/kosmos/6882787
On the Trump satellite image tweet
www.npr.org/2022/11/18/113747...
Drive on France's plans for armed satellites:
www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone...
Esper on space weaponisation 2020
www.defense.gov/News/News-Sto...
Joint Air & Space Power Conference 2021
www.japcc.org/wp-content/uplo...
France accuses Russia of spying on satellite
www.rfi.fr/en/europe/20180908...
Indian ASAT ambitions:
timesofindia.indiatimes.com/i...
Iain Boyd on Russian laser weapons
theconversation.com/russians-...
Timestamps:
00:00:00 - Space Warfare: Counterspace & Anti-satellite Weapons
00:01:57 - What Am I Talking About
00:03:28 - Contesting The High Ground
00:09:08 - Space Combat Fundamentals
00:17:45 - The Main Players
00:26:34 - Anti-satellite Weapons: Kinetic & Explosive
00:44:11 - Anti-satellite Weapons: Directed Energy
00:52:21 - Anti-satellite Weapons: Other Options
01:00:48 - Endure And Regenerate?
01:06:09 - Conclusions
01:07:37 - Channel Update

[@PerunAU]

Hope you all enjoyed this week's topic. It may not be our standard fare but it's a fascinating emerging area and one I've always enjoyed engaging with. Please feel free to decide whether or not accidentally nuking your own and allied satellites should or should not constitute the first successful use of an ASAT weapon. I will also add a clarification because there is one point in this video where a joke gets in the way of precision. I refer at one point to satellites and debris suffering from orbital decay and then refer to gravity really resenting things being up there and wanting to bring them back to earth. To be clear, the biggest driver of orbital decay somewhere like LEO is going to be atmospheric drag. Gravity does want to kill you (and I will never not joke about that) but atmospheric drag is doing the dirty work of making it happen in those cases. I try to use jokes to reinforce and illustrate points, not muddy them, so apologies for that one missing the mark.

[@LumenMichaelOne]

Securely in the "Worth a Listen" category. Thank you.

[@IamOutOfNames]

USA accidentally nukes it's own satellites: "Mission failed successfully"

[@NGCAnderopolis]

This was a really good video, and lives up to the quality of other Spacefocused youtubers out there .

[@DUBSTEP_KUSH305]

I wake and bake Then I clicked KZbin and first thing I see is PERUN YAAY 🎉🍿 Thanks perun

[@tiggerbane4325]

I still think it’s completely sane and should be refunded so yes :). Take out all the satellites!

[@awaitingbacklash5043]

Not sure if this has been mentioned, but I just last night caught Richard Iron’s talk at the Australian Institute of International Affairs from 2 weeks ago, examining aspects of the Ukraine War thus far. Perun was quoted on a number of occasions and received very high praise for his work here on KZbin. Just wanted to share this with everyone. It was nice to see our man getting some recognition in the wider community.

[@MrApple-yw9vp]

The man has such good diction, dry humor and knowledge that I am simply baffled he is not working for the ministry to begin with.

[@nvelsen1975]

Having attended military academy in late 2005, early 2006, I'm going to say Perun outranks the teaching abilities of easily half the lecturers employed there. Nearly all of them knew their stuff very well, but the ability to process, condese and teach that information...? Most of them lacked that. Some of the Intendance guys wrote a book on logistics and it basically skips over anywhere from Roman times to the Eighty Years War. They had no clue it would leave civilian readers wondering what happened in those 1000+ years.

[@nutterz641]

Yes I saw that talk by Richard. Was also happy to hear Perun referenced.

[@diego5079]

I'm so happy seeing both the quality of his videos and the audience and recognition he gets

[@andersgrassman6583]

@@MrApple-yw9vp And you know he doesn't?

[@Nmille98]

Perun, I think I speak for us all when I say: don't get burned out. If you're still working your day job, and researching this quality content, we'd rather have uploads every other week than a decrease in quality or worse, a downturn in your health. Love your stuff, brother.

[@fibber2u]

Well said, I totally agree. Perun's work is too valuable to dilute.

[@OneMonster]

Ditto

[@irgendwieanders2121]

Sorry I bumped into you...

[@rossfinman9148]

I would counter that let’s get his patreon up enough so he doesn’t have to do his day job

[@swj719]

Full agreement.

[@goodlight4113]

"if everyone did their jobs perfectly then cyber threats wouldn't really be a significant problem which is why they continue to be a major threat" this had me cackling. lol

[@tristanc2271]

Me too. We really need a cyber episode.

[@r3dp9]

True to a point. Even if everyone followed their own regulations, communications systems are inherently vulnerable if you put enough time and effort into cracking them. It just so happens to be that laziness, a lack of awareness, and more complicated factors make things much easier to crack. You can raise the cost required to crack a system, and you can decrease the risks of a system being cracked, but there's no such thing as invulnerability. That said, if you were able to halve the number of information leaks, that would be huge. A good comparison is modern ballistic armor - it doesn't prevent death, but reducing the odds of death by a significant fraction is still worthwhile.

[@joshroolf1966]

Donald Knuth was correct!!! Every bit of programming must be mathematically perfect or it's susceptible to abstract manipulations, we just needed a vast army of sincerely moral super geniuses to get the programming correct the 1st time, gee whiz human race, smh..:::😅🙃🐾

[@Croz89]

@@r3dp9 I think there's also economic and efficiency trade offs that are made with increased cyber security. In a watertight zero trust environment, a lot of procedures and processes tend to be slower and more cumbersome. This lowers productivity, increases cost and can make last minute alterations and fixes all but impossible. So most companies need to find a balance between security, value, productivity and flexibility. Being as secure as possible is typically limited to those on contracts with an extremely oversized budget and very generous deadlines.

[@aaronwhite1786]

And it keeps me employed. Frustratingly at times...

[@sevex9]

Britons: We've sent our first satellite into space. This marks a moment of great pride for our nation and the beginning of a new era of technological sophistication. The esteem is real. Americans: Aaaaaaaand it's nuked. Britons: Americans:😅

[@DialHoang]

Cue the “Curb Your Enthusiasm” theme…

[@peterhopkins7505]

Our first satellites were in space 40 years ago, but obviously you have not been told that.

[@sevex9]

@@peterhopkins7505 kzbin.info/www/bejne/Y6nPYXZsgJeBq8k I was just going by what Perun said. Apparently Operation Starfish took out the UK's first satellite Ariel one. I didn't know the UK didn't have satellites until 1983 my bad _I guess._

[@trolleriffic]

@@peterhopkins7505 This was 51 years ago. Britain's first satellite was Ariel 1 which was developed in cooperation with NASA and launched from Cape Canaveral on a US Thor-Delta rocket. The first British satellite to be launched by a British rocket was Prospero, launched in 1971 onboard a Black Arrow from Woomera. It was the final Black Arrow flight and while the satellite stopped functioning 40 years ago, it is still in orbit. Britain is notable for being the only country in the world to have developed and demonstrated an orbital launch capability, only to completely abandon that capability afterwards. Go Britain! We're Number 1... at showing that world that there's no innovation or technology we can't develop... and have it thrown away by our politicians and civil servants.

[@sevex9]

@@trolleriffic Certainly Britain/British companies pay for and own a bunch of satellites though? AFAIK Britain's space industry is gearing up and progressing at a rapid pace. I think spaceport Cornwall hit a small setback but is still slated to be an important launch facility. My point being, perhaps it wasn't necessary for Britain to have it's own independent launch capability and your politicians may have simply been making shrewd decisions, but now it's more feasible and ready to make you guys some money. The primer for America's space launch capability was the cold war which could have resulted in a nuclear apocalypse. Makes it difficult to take pride in such a thing.

[@juliuskresnik198]

Came for the Russo-Ukrainian war coverage, stayed for the Defense Industy & Engineering Presentations.

[@robrob9050]

Will finish with game programming

[@johnsmith1474]

It's very shallow.

[@littlekeyb6352]

​@@johnsmith1474 ok, and?

[@vitaliykhomenko5544]

Same 🤝

[@nomoss9600]

LOL 😂 “John Smith” Ok Ivan. Slow your roll.

[@lynleygilchrist7703]

Ahhhh Perun’s newest offering; I’m playing your videos to my new baby girl so she learns both excellent analytical skills & how to present difficult humanitarian topics with empathy & compassion. Showing her the standards of research & dry humour nice & early! ❤ from this very sleep deprived Geelong mum!

[@PerunAU]

I hope she's healthy, happy, and occasionally gives you a chance at some well deserved rest.

[@samuelfawcett6246]

Perun running a frickin psyop he hopes she’s fit for service, high moral and that you’re currently replenishing reserves

[@alifesh]

This is so diabolically perfect plan that your daughter should never find out what you did, or you'd be in trouble lol

[@awaitingbacklash5043]

Geelong Dad here listening too! 👍

[@irgendwieanders2121]

This is one funky experiment.... ☺🤗☺

[@wargriffin5]

"The results were far more destructive than initially expected..." - I'm starting to sense a theme with nuclear testing. 😂

[@boobah5643]

Well, the opposite has also happened; some of the scientists at Los Alamos during WWII were famously worried about the tests igniting the entire atmosphere.

[@bbirda1287]

@@boobah5643 Yet they still went ahead with Trinity tests. It so reminds me of the Bugs Bunny cartoon where he tests artillery shells coming off the assembly line by hitting them with a sledgehammer. The guy pushing the button at the Trinity site must have had nervous tics for years.

[@Darkfyreofthezenith]

“The US then proceeds to attempt to use nukes to solve every other space based problem” …. You know what, I’m down for that. God bless America. USA! USA! USA! WE’RE NUMBER ONE!

[@jacksonmagas9698]

​@@bbirda1287once someone brought up the concern they did the calculations a buch of times and it became clear that the atmosphere igniting was not going to happen

[@crashstudi0s]

@@jacksonmagas9698 I mean, yeah, but it is still a worry some of the less familiarized people might had felt

[@colinburfeind6947]

I’m really glad you went into some detail on Kessler syndrome. I’m an aerospace engineering student and the idea of rendering spaceflight unusable for my lifetime seems so depressing and futile. I understand that conflict is bound to happen at times, but keeping humanity’s access to space out of it is a really good idea. Nobody wins when we lose access to orbit.

[@davidgoodnow269]

A couple of decades ago, I had cause and certain opportunities to create a business plan around recovering, servicing, and upgrading satellites. It was quite detailed, from designs for necessary equipment to gaining and repaying financing. Unfortunately, key partners for engineering and legal backed out. Put it this way: The effect is not insuperable.

[@OppaiLover69]

WE LOVE YOU, PERUN!

[@thes.e.s.hcollective4377]

The best!

[@yourfriendlyneighbourhoodo436]

WE DO

[@Pete2635]

Damn right and then some!

[@Theiliteritesbian]

U da man!

[@bhutcheons]

I would also like to reiterate the previous comments ❤❤

[@spaceduck1006]

I don't think anybody would be disappointed if you continued this series of space based topics .

[@jaykita2069]

The only way to be disappointed with Perun's channel would be if he switched to ''History Chanel' style hyperbole. Excellent stuff.

[@KellAnderson]

I know I wouldn't. Space is the future of warfare.

[@wom_Bat]

@@KellAnderson According to former Israeli space security chief there's a federation of aliens waiting for earth to discover real spaceships.

[@SineN0mine3]

​@@wom_Bataccurate username lol

[@TheRezro]

@@wom_Bat More likely watching if humans are stupid enough to nuke themselves.

[@geoffreyparker5775]

Picking The Expanse vs the new Star Wars trilogy as the best illustration of doing space right vs wrong is perfect. I hope a few people discover the Expanse as a result.

[@TheRezro]

As much as I like Expanse, calling it realistic is quite a stretch.

[@HALLish-jl5mo]

@@TheRezro The lack of heat radiators bugged the hell out of me

[@neolexiousneolexian6079]

​@@HALLish-jl5mo Maybe active cooling systems (heat pumps) are integrated into the propulsion as the first pre-heater stage for the fuel? They basically use always-on torchships, right, so there's certainly enough heat *leaving* the ships in total to account for on-board waste heat removal in strictly physical terms, even if it's never explicitly explained where the waste heat goes.

[@geoffreyparker5775]

@@TheRezro it's realistic in comparison to the rest of on-screen sci fi. Obviously it's still a long way from perfect, but the distance between The Expanse and plausibility is less than the distance between Star Wars and The Expanse.

[@TheRezro]

@@geoffreyparker5775 Yeh. Realistic for Space Opera, is not yet Hard SF. To be clear Expanse is good. But book has lasers and it actually make it more realistic.

[@the_amazing_raisin]

"This will hopefully be the first episode in a series" Anyone else feel like we're living the prelude to Terra Invita in real life? 😂

[@ironboy3245]

Fitting, because I think perun actually played it here before he became PowerPoint man

[@UnNuclear]

​@@ironboy3245 he has a couple of playthroughs on his gaming channel

[@BuffaloBillCraplism]

Lol. This comment has aged well as of the current UFO allegations.

[@hedgehog3180]

That's because Terra Invicta is a fairly realistic sci-fi game.

[@jakobmax3299]

Orbital decay (14:20) is actually more a function of air resistance. The atmosphere doesnt magicaly stop at any one point, but just gets progressively thinner. If you put a heayvy lead ball into a 200km orbit its gonna stay there a while, but if you put 1kg stretched out sail into a 250km orbit its gonna decay pretty damn fast.

[@PerunAU]

A case of the joke about gravity hating everything coming at the cost of precision in the expression which probably merits a correction note to avoid confusion. Of course gravity does want to kill you - however it relies on the atmosphere to kill your velocity and leave you to fall into its murderous embrace.

[@JJfromCowtown]

Even without drag physics are still unforgiving. Gravity is "lumpy" and orbits will change by virtue of this lack of uniformity. In LEO the primary problem is drag but all these orbits are going to fail, given a non human time frame.

[@PrograError]

@@JJfromCowtown well... orbit is just you falling.... falling very very very~~~~ slowly

[@gimmethegepgun]

@@PrograError It's actually you free-falling towards the planet, but you're going fast enough that you're in a constant state of missing it.

[@PrograError]

@@gimmethegepgun well... It's Relative...

[@AverageFreedomEnjoyer]

As a normal KSP player, I found this video better at teaching me how to make space based weapons than most other tutorials...

[@fluffly3606]

To quote President of the National Space Society, Isaac Arthur, "there is no such thing as an unarmed space[craft]"

[@Kato0909]

we say YES to more Space episodes

[@DirtyDogg4]

Really love your Emuland and Kiwitopia scenarios. They're just so funny to me and a great way to explain things without pissing anyone off. Aus and NZ are lucky to have a relationship like this where a bit of banter won't be construed negatively.

[@pseudonym8791]

Isn’t it amazing the number of scientific questions that get answered very quickly because of fear of other humans?

[@slangelands4255]

Indeed, some technological innovation probably has been motivated by hatred, greed and other violent emotions. Hmmmm, I really need to investigate the concept of simplicity...

[@Tzar1]

*install what if humans aren't alone joke here"

[@pseudonym8791]

In an infinite universe anything is possible - including the Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy :D

[@AK-hi7mg]

If people would understand what this war is really fought about they would be very fearfull.

[@michaelgreenwood3413]

@@AK-hi7mg You mean that Russia is an imperialist power, like it's been for several centuries? Because that's literally why it started the war.

[@ohnonomorenames]

Perun seems like he has made it as much as anyone can make it in 12mths on KZbin. Every video gets more views in 24hrs than subscribers. He has massive respect from his contemporaries and yet he manages to avoids moving visuals in a visual medium. I wait to hear that Perun has stepped down as CEO from PowerPoint as it now has achieved everything anyone could ever have wanted.

[@phueal]

The moment when I realised he'd "made it" was the combination of him saying something in an early video like "the most popular authority on this on KZbin is a talking puppet with an accent", and the recent video on hypersonic missiles which, completely coincidentally, was released about 12 hours apart from a Binkov one on the same topic and hugely outperformed it.

[@markmitchell457]

The power point presentations are fine with me. I like listening to these presentations without having to keep my eyes on the screen. They are excellent as they are.

[@c_rock3512]

@@phuealyeah Binkov sucks

[@oohhboy-funhouse]

@@phueal His style has taught us how to filter out nonsense KZbinrs and has improved standards cross the board. I have blocked (Formerly) respectable channels directly due to him. For me he had already 'Made it' with the first video 'All Bling, no basics'. That solidified with 'How corruption destroys armies". tbh, the sock puppet never stood a chance. Such an overt gimmick is usually there to plaster over gaps with entertainment. People simply started to realise this. If I had to choose between Perun and the sock, the sock is going to the laundry basket.

[@mariahaselnuss3826]

Peruns first videos at the beginning of the war were pushed by the algorithm like every (non pro-russian) video on the ukraine war but only his videos were so good that people continued to watch his videos! Perun is the only one capable of real infotainment! He inform in a neutral manner and have a good irony so that people dont get bored. And he is capable of creating running gags like Private Conscriptovich, Kiwiland, Emutopia. If I would be a sociologist I would take Peruns channel as an object lesson how to create a sucessfull KZbin channel. Our discussions about this in the comment section proof more than all statistics about his constantly growing number of abonnents how excited Peruns fans are about his Videos!

[@TheNerd484]

One minor terminology correction on the section about direct ascent kinetic asat weapons: the interceptor doesn't actually ever go into orbit. it reaches the orbital altitude of its target, but is moving on a trajectory that would bring it down relatively near its launch site if it didn't hit said target.

[@jerrywilde6156]

Absolutely brilliant. Perun just gets better and better, the quality of research and presentation matched to his infectiously dry humour makes this a "must view" channel on YT, comparable to the best available on any TV or cable channel. Hell, I came for the Russian invasion of Ukraine and have just stayed - at nearly 70 I've never played a computer game more complicated than Yahtzee or Solitaire in my life but, out of deference to Perun I have the feeling that I ought to try!

[@FreedomIII]

"But that's ok, of course, because no first-rate military would do that, WOULD THEY, RUSSIA!?" Help, I'm weezing 🤣

[@Muljinn]

Well, he did say a *first-rate* military, so…

[@danielpeirson3071]

His sly comment or two he sneaks in every week is what makes these presentations so good.

[@mysterioanonymous3206]

i agree. most people already don't contribut emuch to science and whatnot so i think we'll be just fine...

[@maddlarkin]

On a tangential related note, it is one of my favourite bits of trivia that when Babylon 5 was on the air, NASA expressed some interest in the Starfury fighter maneuver systems for future orbital construction craft, the showrunner handed over the designs on the condition anything built with them would be named a Star Fury which NASA agreed to, so while nothing came of the Space forklift concept NASA still holds those designs and when we reach the point where the USAF or Space Force is starting to field X-Wings there's a more than zero percent chance they'll be called Starfuries and that makes me so happy

[@wedgeantilles8575]

Till this day, Babylon 5 is by far the best show ever aired. It has the best well thought story (yes, Season 4 is a little rushed, because after Season 3 they were told there would only be one more Season - and they had to wrap it up in Season 4 instead of spreading it to Season 4+5 as planned. And then, after Season 4, it was: Hey, you get Season 5...), it is a plausible universe, it has great characters, it has story and character development that makes sense and is believable. It has no black and white characters or villaines. It deals with serious problems in a very believable way. It was amazing dialogue and great humor. And the space fights feel great, because they factor momentum in. Sure, the graphic effects - especially Season 1/2 - are bad, but hey, one Season had the budget what StarTrek had for 2 Episoded. And yet, they manage to make the fights (IMO) more interesting, more catching than in ST.

[@maddlarkin]

@Wedge Antilles I mean in defence of Season 1's graphics (which physics wise were probably a little more accurate) they were done on a bunch of amegias strapped together which is just unbelievable, it was and still is a great show and honestly I still think the SFX hold up, the biggest disappointment for me, even over the lackluster spin offs is the X-Wing style game (which looked like Freespace 2 but with a cockpit) which by all accounts was more or less done but got cancelled in one of the stuido failures and buy outs all to common in the industry and now sits on a shelf somewhere in a hard drive never to be played. (There is a Brillaint Freespace 2 mod, but while playable it also was sadly never completed) But the show has always left me with one question mark, I remember a scene clearly where a bunch of smugglers get together and prank Garibaldi with something thing that makes his hair fallout and while I know it's refernced in a later episode I can never find what episode that scene is in no matter how many times I go through the whole boxset been driving me mad for years!

[@oohhboy-funhouse]

@@maddlarkin Google my friend: "Everyone's entitled to a fresh start." "You're even willing to forget about the business--" "Yes, even though it did make Mr. Garibaldi's hair fall out. You had no way of knowing what was in that bottle. That's my story and I'm sticking to it, just in case he asks." Ivanova and a smuggler, Racing Mars

[@maddlarkin]

@00hhboy Nope, I know this is the scene, that's the reference to the earlier one I mentioned, it's a season, maybe 2 earlier (it's the episode b4 Jerry Doyle starts shaving his head) the same smuggler characters standing in a corridor giggling about this bottle they added to Garibaldis shampoo or something, he's bald the next episode, honestly I've tried, I can't find a youtube clip and if it wasn't for the refernce in Racing Mars I'd think I'd of imagined it, honestly I think it's one of those scenes which are screened when the show originally aired on TV, but then is cut out on later releases, maybe a load of kids laced their friends shampoo sending them bald and the network was worried about lawsuits when it came time to release it on Dvd, who knows.

[@daydodog]

Okay so i guess I'm watching bab5

[@tonifakerman9639]

God I love orbital mechanics. Thank you for bringing the basics of these concepts to a larger audience

[@mikek9297]

Sir Isaac Newton is the deadliest SOB in space !

[@bluemeriadoc]

he said that the energy to prevent orbital decay scales with satellite mass. not true because inertia works both ways. it's harder to boost but is also more resistant to drag

[@BlaaankOwl]

@@mikek9297 Now! Serviceman Burnside! What is Newton's First Law?

[@mikek9297]

@@BlaaankOwl Sir, an object in motion stays in motion, sir !

[@Cyrribrae]

Ok, doesn't seem like this topic has got the views of some of the other recent videos. But PLEASE make parts 2 and 3. This was so fantastic and it's clearly a passion. I will be devastated to not get more on this. Space warfare still seems like super far off sci fi, but clearly, militaries have stopped thinking that way. It's hard for me to even take like Space Force in the US seriously, but I think that's a mistake on my end. Really hope to see more on this!

[@bananaboi551]

How on earth could you possibly write and narrate one of these every week?? Very impressive!

[@sebastianmuller2278]

Rather a lifetime of dealing with this stuff

[@emotingtanooki6405]

He's talked a bit about it in previous video comments. Outside of things that are reactions to recent events, he seems to have a number of topics he is building up research on all the time. Once he reaches the point that he thinks he has enough he then finishes it into a video. So while he almost certainly Finished this video in the last week most of the work for it he probably did much more slowly over a lot longer period of time. I think that is part of why his videos are so well developed, he isn't researching to a deadline, he's setting a schedule based on where he is on researching different topics.

[@whom382]

I wonder if some of these were done as part of his day job and then edited for youtube. Please note this is not a complaint but an explanation that makes sense.

[@mysterioanonymous3206]

that's not true. kids cost very little apart from daycare - i would know since i have one (non US, so college cost isn't a concern whatsoever)... and that wouldn't shouldn't be an issue if you live with or close by a large family where parents/grandparents/sibling with kids/older kids can share care taking.

[@LinasVepstas]

Because he's not on earth, duhh!

[@simonCX]

Fascinating update. My wife overheard you talking and laughed out aloud at your particularly Australian turn of phrase. We are both Aussies living in London so appreciate it more than most.

[@allamasadi7970]

What phrase as I am from England?

[@kateandianreimers5324]

@@allamasadi7970 was he talking about the American freedom units referring to things, not metric?

[@teddyiancu9480]

I feel like we could be in contention for diplomas after watching so many "classes" on various subjects on this channel. Perun is a blessing on YT.

[@Syndr1]

Hi Perun, looks like you getting real close to half a million subscribers. Amazing work you do.

[@PerunAU]

It's really been bizarre watching it happen. I mean I do PPTs... That said, I will never take it for granted and try my best to make sure that the content always merits the attention the audience has chosen to give it.

[@Syndr1]

​@Perun we know, you use your powers of deduction only for good.

[@rippspeck]

@@PerunAU Come on, fella. You're the king of Powerpoint.

[@madkoala2130]

@@PerunAU LONG LIVE POWERPOINTMAN

[@akumaking1]

@@PerunAU Are you on new tech as well?

[@JesseAllhands]

So glad you mentioned "The Expanse". What an incredible series! I really appreciated the attention to detail with regards to the appreciation of physics and science.

[@ZontarDow]

It's a pity the 5th season dropped the ball for the adaptation and that caused similar issues in the 6th, but given how the 7th book onward went I suppose it's for the best.

[@JesseAllhands]

@@ZontarDow The TV show did a great job of adapting even if it was different than the books. I liked TV show version of Drummer better than the book version, but with that said, the books are so incredible it's hard to top them even with an excellent tv adaptation. I highly recommend the audiobooks; Jefferson Mays does the voice acting incredibly well.

[@RG001100]

One example of that which I love that the Martians have difficulty walking/running when they're visiting Earth.

[@dh1380]

The Expanse was great but a little too long and some of those accents omg

[@ZontarDow]

@@JesseAllhands main issue was the botched job changing season 5 in post due to one actor being fired after the fact.

[@mshepard2264]

I took space policy classes in college and I have to say you did an awesome job on this one.

[@spencerjensen1993]

For all the rest of us space nerds out there, please please please make this a regular topic!

[@dheiyomain6775]

This man gets us collectively excited about powerpoint presentation

[@ChocManus]

PowerPoint presentation at school or University - 😮‍💨 PowerPoint presentation from Perun - 🤔😀

[@dh1380]

Don't ever join the military

[@sam8742]

@@dh1380 Because he won't leave

[@SilverDart214]

​​@@dh1380I love eating crayons

[@r.a.acosta6528]

7:53 - 8:21 Gosh, if there's one thing that always gets me laughing hysterically from this channel, it's the sudden bits of sarcastic comedy that he just sprinkles into these quite serious presentations. Thank you so much for these, Perun!

[@allydea]

Would you still be enjoying the humor if the digs were directed at the other side?

[@miniklick5638]

@@allydea Of course! Being able to look back at your own shortcomings and laugh is an important step to becoming better at anything.

[@andrewthomson137]

As an Emutopian I appreciate your candid explanation of what those dastardly Kiwilandres are upto in aerospace defence. We are ever vigilant to prevent interference in the real football game and can extrapolate that this could also include our horsie race. Thanks for your impartial patriotic support.

[@BagusHutomo]

This is the topic where real Perun & gamer Perun align soo perfectly

[@owenowen212]

Watching your Terra Invicta videos means that I am already well prepared for this one.

[@LukeBunyip]

Hail Hydra!

[@karanrime8948]

@@LukeBunyip that's a very enthralling argument...

[@speckkatze]

Hey Perun, been watching you since the "All bling, no basics" video an I absolutely love your content. A bit over a year ago I couldn’t have imagined that I would be looking forward to a weekly 1hr+ PPT on defense economics, but here we are I guess… I really appreciate you taking the time and effort doing all this research and work to consistently deliver high quality information to us!

[@rknowling]

While there may be no sound in space, Perun continues to bring the thunder: Rigorous, articulate, lucid, concise and balanced. Thankyou! ❤

[@bananadane]

Perun, you are by far the furthest in the upper right quadrant on a X,Y graph of information quality and frequency out of any channel I am aware of. Thank you for setting such an excellent high bar

[@strnny]

I've recently watched your Russian PMC video and found it very iteresting. Do you have any plans to make a video about western PMC groups? Could be a cool topic. I'm happy to see a space themed video and will be looking forward to more space stuff. :)

[@PerunAU]

That's a longer running research project. I've started work but don't have any idea if/when it'll be at the point where it merits polishing and a release.

[@elektrotehnik94]

@@PerunAU No pressure or hurry… but hearing it, there is happy excitement! 🎉❤

[@badluck5647]

​@@PerunAU Hopefully, Russia will stop creating content by leaving Ukraine.

[@thomaslutro5560]

That will be something to look forward to.

[@bbirda1287]

@@badluck5647 The Kremlin has many high windows. I don't know how many would actually have to take a smoke break on a very narrow balcony in a strong wind for anything to change, there are a lot of hardliners.

[@banburianin]

More space warfare episodes, please. This is quite new and relatively unknown subject.

[@asgroi31]

Need much much more

[@michaelg8193]

Glad you made it a series instead of a finished issue. There is more to space in this war than most imagine.

[@netizencapet]

Two Words: Paul Szymanski. His lectures on the actual known and highly likely incidents of real space warfare and way more interesting dirty deets of it are superb.

[@peterthepumpkineater6363]

This guy is consistently impressive and always interesting!

[@johnsmith1474]

To an illiterate hillbilly a well-educated 3rd grader from the city is impressive.

[@ChenAnPin]

One of my earliest appreciation of the immense utility of surveillance satellites was in the video game Red Alert 2, where the Allies could build a Spy Satellite that instantly removed the fog-of-war for the player to see the entire battle space and the enemy base and forces.

[@oohhboy-funhouse]

Funny enough, the system in Red Alert 1 is call GPS.

[@ChenAnPin]

@@oohhboy-funhouse But then the Allies were given the Gap Generator to block radar signals and created a shroud in a wide area around it.

[@r3dp9]

I really like the fog of war/recon in Supreme Commander 2: Forged Alliance Forever. Intel is so valuable that pros are willing to sacrifice extremely expensive spy planes (or hundreds of cheap ones) to figure out what the opponent has going on in their backlines.

[@daveloch905]

Greatest game ever made…… why has it not had an update?

[@ChenAnPin]

@@daveloch905 what is there to update that which is already perfect and timeless in style? jokes aside, RA2 getting a remaster with some QoL improvements would be thoroughly welcome

[@maverickloggins5470]

“Nuclear bomb-powered laser sattelites” is like the most 80s thing ever I love it. I knew about Star Wars but never knew the actual theory was to detonate a nuke and use the brief window between energy creation and vaporization to power lasers. That’s so sick it’s like straight out of a MacGyver season finale

[@larryvorderwuseldecke8338]

Stop or reagan is gonna gip into his tighty whities

[@xMaGiiSK]

After the latest news it's time to do a rewatch

[@aroniense21]

I'm not going to lie, I was not expecting a prequel meme during my weekly powerpoint presentation on military subjects. Thank you for the upload Perun, greetings from Costa Rica!

[@antoninedelchev6076]

A surprise to be sure, but a welcome one!

[@jtgd]

We have ourselves a cultured Aussie

[@jtgd]

What I do not expect is a space balls reference. Hopefully we’ll get a Spaceballs 2:The quest for more money meme

[@boobah5643]

@@jtgd The closest I saw to _Spaceballs: The Reference!_ was an example of an obvious password which was A) obvious and B) not the famous combination to open Druidia's airlock and Skroob's luggage.

[@JeffLionheart]

I was expecting “Rocks Are Not Free, Citizen” as the 40K reference of the week. Maybe one of the next space PowerPoints.

[@WhiskyCanuck]

Thank you for not waiting too long for the "high ground" meme joke, the anticipation was getting to me.

[@davidwolf9663]

Agree!

[@chavezchavo]

Perun's passionate dissing on "Kiwi Land" is hilarious.

[@jacvoce8742]

I, for my small part, would love to see parts 2 and 3 of this series. Thank you Sir, for caring what interests us!

[@deyverhughes8726]

Crazy how this is now part of my Sunday morning routine. Thank perun

[@Deltarious]

Space, just generally, is unironically just my favourite topic, overall, period. So you have my personal full support to derail as many videos as possible into space

[@paulkaiser8834]

A space series would be epic. The US’s new military branch (equal to army, navy, etc., ) is the Space Force which is specifically dedicated to space based warfare ware/security et al. Interesting to see other nations commitment as this frontier is becoming deadly serious.

[@tylerbain8873]

One thing I really appreciate about this video is that it's a good primer for what, exactly, the threats are in space. A couple of months ago one of my friends was laughing at how incredulous and idiotic it was that the US had established the Space Force, their knowledge seemingly coming from the memes around it and the shade from that idiotic show on Netflix, and seemingly wondering what purpose it served if there weren't spaceships to fly around and aliens to fight off ala Stargate or Star Trek. Wondering what reason it had to exist rather than understanding the threats it was established to handle that were put by the wayside under USAF Space Command when the USAF otherwise needed to pay attention to its own needs as an 'Airforce' rather than a 'Air & Space' force. There was some surprise when myself and another friend pointed out that it was established to concern itself with EVERYTHING you mentioned in this video - both the offensive side and the defensive side. Thank you for creating this video not only because it is absolutely fascinating as all your videos are, but also because it's something I can direct people to when they are trying to understand the very real threats that exist in space when their imagination fails to go beyond the Sci-fi they grew up with.

[@talktidy7523]

As a space nerd this video made me ridiculously happy & even happier there's likely to be more in the future.

[@rerror3577]

Finally a Perun video on planetary bombardment and the death star.

[@kevinrusch3627]

I'm really having a blast thinking about the Kiwiland denial-of-rugby attack.

[@geopolitix7770]

Emutopia is doing fair job of denying itself rugby for the last wee while.(Not AFL) Although I do feel Perun missed a wee opportunity in not referencing 00Deans; the top Kiwiland spy sent deep undercover as a disaffected former coach to erode Emutopia's dreams of glory from within!

[@grumpus5248]

Perun rebooting "Star Wars"...this is the trilogy the world needed

[@foltrap]

A moment to appreciate the humour - no matter how intense or dark the topic, always a hilarious dry wit

[@ScrapKing73]

“It’s over… I have the high ground.” “You underestimate my power!” “Don’t try it.”

[@Melody_Raventress]

I think we know where this one ends. "padme?, nooooooo..."

[@noname-wo9yy]

Launches a big ass nuke from a bomber

[@Melody_Raventress]

"It's over NATO, I have the high ground" two thumbs up for appropriateness. Also, yes for part two!

[@Dagowit]

A combat intelligence video would be great - how do sides gather data on troop movements from stuff like satellites, radars and so on. I wonder how much of the Ukraine frontline and backline is visible to the governments as opposed to OSINT and general public

[@andersgrassman6583]

I wonder how closely he would be allowed by his employer to cover that topic. He might just know a bit too much. Pure speculation on my part. But I agree this is an extremely intersesting subject, and very relevant to the war in Ukraine. So I keep thinking about it all the time. It also seems to me that this could be a strong contributing factor to the Ukranian's performing better than the Russian's. As someone pointed out, it is very surprising that the Russian's have not yet been able to target a single train supplying new western arms. It's all about very static targets for the Russian's.

[@Dagowit]

@@andersgrassman6583 I think they have more of a problem with hitting moving targets than tracking them

[@jansenart0]

16:20 Hey. Star Wars is Space Fantasy. The only time they ever remotely came close to "science" was when Obi went looking for a star system that was erased and the effect of gravity on nearby stars gave it away (though ILM didn't know how to illustrate this at all).

[@trolleriffic]

Very true and most fans wrongly think of it as science fiction from the outset when it was high fantasy - swords and sorcery but in a space setting. It arguably became soft sci fi later on with the prequels when midichlorians were introduced and I wonder whether Lucas's decision to move away from fantasy was his idea or driven by fan perception and pressure.

[@marcusalm7350]

As someone in the industry of space and space communication, I really hope to see the rest of this series!

[@jcorey333]

Woohoo! One of my favorite Sunday morning traditions.

[@ianliterovich7651]

Perun is the teacher where you want to do the assigned readings

[@mjk9388]

@Perun - I was so excited to see you cover this topic. Fantastic job. You really are the premiere military analysis channel on KZbin.

[@BringTheRains]

Saw you mentioned by an Australia institute in a video this past week. Congrats on being referenced. Love the content and the deep dives.

[@Rasc0117]

I find myself well equipped to keep up with this video due to watching your Terra Invicta playthroughs and playing the game for hundreds of hours myself.

[@BovineFreedo]

Subjects that are near and dear to your heart usually makes for great videos. This have added much to my understanding in an area I did not know that I needed a better understanding. Personally I think that your best work is the analytics behind your talks. It is the research and interpretation you put on events. You don't do "news" better than anyone else, but your videos have the benefit of being well researhed and not necessarily following this weeks story closely. Very capable people being interviewed by news media is often being asked opinions on latest developments even though it misses their most interesting thoughts. So whenever you find a subject interesting I want to hear about it since I find that are the videos I like the most interesting. Once again thank you for educating all of us on military and and military accusations, I come from Denmark a country that cashed in the peace dividend and now that now has to rebuild lost capabilities.

[@rafaelsequeira9150]

I'm here since the first debunking video, never missed one video ever since. Keep up the excellent work Perun!

[@ivanyshevich]

That subtle refference to "Kontakt-1" memes at 14:30 is just **chef's kiss**

[@heretic-668]

Perun discussing delta-V is giving me flashbacks to his videos on Terra Invicta. 🙂

[@whitewatcher85]

I used to work in the field, until just a few years ago. This presentation is very well researched and gives an excellent overview. (Although space warfare gets somewhat more tricky when looking at the details.)

[@marsspacex6065]

Finally a topic I'm an expert in. I don't think people understand how vital space has been in the Ukraine war and how vital it will be in all future wars.

[@andrzejkawa5491]

When we begin shooting at eachother satellites... We will hit the great filter.

[@sam8742]

@@andrzejkawa5491 No way ace combat 7 reference

[@sarahrosen4985]

Space technology plus trench warfare. What a weird time we are living in.

[@srelma]

And? Or is it that you have to kill us all if you tell us any details?

[@Sylvous765]

Greatly appreciated the dig at TLJ

[@biofoot7874]

Definitely would like additional episodes to this series!

[@brianmulholland2467]

This was excellent and I look forward to the next one. I knew anti-satellite weapons existed and some of the things in this, but learned alot. It's an area of military competition that I think people don't know a ton about.

[@KapitainZino]

Another great presentation on a topic totally unknown for me so far. And It‘s amazing to get this valuable input for just an hour in an easy understandable way! Great job again Perun! With big appetite for more!

[@Kameth]

NCD: We have finally, finally put to bed the ERA memes. Perun: About that...

[@juulian1306]

I'm watching all of your videos sooner or later but this was a topic that made me click immediately. I hope it performs well enough to be made into a series.

[@MN-zi6hb]

Fantastic work as always. I really enjoy your analysis and the way you make all the subjects digestible. The humour is also appreciated. Wish mainstream media put in as much effort as you do.

[@lanata64]

i LOVE the field of space warfare. i'm so glad you're starting this series, there's not many sources out there and the ones there are are very nerdy, so it's hard to have discussions about it

[@wrash]

The perfect blend of orbital mechanics and AFL fan fiction I desire in my entertainment.

[@Vyrlokar]

Wonderful video. I really really like how you went over the topic with a good sense of humor while also not falling for sensationalism (which is rare in anything related to space, but I never doubted that you would do it, you're after all, you). Take my 👍

[@BNRmatt]

Yessss, even Perun is getting in on ERA posting.

[@arthurmoore9488]

Can I just say how much I love the humor in this video. It's savage, but is so smooth. Even when I know almost everything in a presentation like this, your humor and presentation style make it worth watching.

[@mymom1462]

Fucking love this. I was just beginning to get into understanding military defence contracts and viable avenues to invest in Space Defense and you came through with this banger.

[@DorianTheReaper]

We've been blessed once again by our lord and savior Perun! Honestly it shows how much effort is put into these vids. You rlly deserve the growth your channel has seen! The most amazing thing is that you got me interested in subjects i would have found boring otherwise. Keep up the good work. And thanks from the Netherlands!

[@vinceelliott4362]

Outstanding - please do continue this series. Extremely informative and entertaining. Well done Perun.

[@trevorjrooney]

This topic is absolutely fascinating, and absolutely the kind of content I'm here for: getting a good grasp of our technology and capabilities and how that shapes the geopolitical future. I definitely want to see the whole series.

[@fishbaitx]

37:29 - believe it or not this phenomenon actually has a name, its called kessler syndrome and it's basically a space travel doomsday scenario. Edit : 40:11 😮 he made a full slide for Kessler syndrome

[@Folly_Inds]

I appreciate the seriousness you brought to the significant risks of collateral damage. I was curious if it was going to get runtime in this episode or not.

[@boggeddown778]

Imagine all the debris flying around in orbit if they start "shooting down" satellites.

[@stitch77100]

Thank you for mentioning France and its work on the subject, without going to the easy (and ignorant/idiotic) overheard jokes. It is actually impressive how France succeeds to still be relevant in major high tech field given its relative low budget, low workforce, and some "allies" trying so much to backstabb her so often... No wonder they don't fully trust their allies anymore.

[@Julian-pj2zi]

Brilliant content as ever, thanks for all the considerable work you put into each of these flawlessly delivered presentations. Just superb.

[@TrystyKat]

I enjoyed this one. My degree is in electronic engineering with satellites (payload subsystems), primarily focussed around remote sensing and communications, where laser dazzlers and electronic warfare have become increasing threats to those capabilities. The electro-optical and radar sensors involved are fairly sensitive, and don't react well to direct reflections of sunlight or their own signals being bounced back at them from the Earth's surface, so it doesn't take much to cause havoc. I'm looking forward to your future videos on this theme.

[@Jszar]

So nudging one's own satellite into a position where it can reflect sunlight into the optics of a ground-observation sat for a little while is a strategy limited mainly by the ΔV available to your moving satellite? Or is the orbit of something trying to photograph the earth's surface from space also low enough to be difficult to keep another object in orbit with the correct angles to make that happen even occasionally?

[@TrystyKat]

@@Jszar It's cheaper and easier to just point a laser at it from the Earth's surface

[@user-vw7wn4lc6b]

How much power does a land-based laser need to cause irreversible damage to a satellite? (I assume that the chemical energy laser power is 10 MW, considering atmospheric effects, and the satellite is in a 500KM orbit). Also consider the reflective shielding coating (metal or dielectric material) on the satellite, as well as satellite thermal management. Can existing satellites withstand a 10MW land-based laser? When designing the satellite, did the researchers consider hardening the satellite (adding reflective dielectric/metallic coatings) or adding heat sinks to dissipate heat against ground-based lasers?

[@tpespos]

I love a good PERUN video, I’m glad you’re getting big! I just hope the newly found success isn’t causing a lot of stress for you.

[@Fryingpanpete]

I always set aside time for a Perun breakdown! Keep up the good work.