Supersonic Aerodynamic Control

Use code BPSINCOGNI at the link below to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: incogni.com/bpsincogni
Jim Jarvis: @Jiminaus50
Huge thanks to the folks who helped with flight data animation!
Dan Kozak
Andrew Barth
Matt Wassell
Gabriel Yamato
How I made this video: • How I Make A BPS.space...
You can sign up for an Onshape account by clicking this link: onshape.pro/BPSSpace
Fineas Flight: • Fineas - Test Flight 1
Mark Rober Egg Drop: • Egg Drop From Space
Roll Reversal Paper: arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/...
Thanks to Julian Rice for the liftoff photo on Flight 1: / vulpesjr
Camera Spinner pt 1: • Can You Get Stable Vid...
Camera Spinner pt 2: • How Hot Does a Rocket ...
Intro Music: / trim-tab-intro
Like the music? Unironically check out my Soundcloud: / joe-barnard
Help support BPS.space: / bps_space
Second channel, mostly for KSP: / musicmakr
For more info:
/ joebarnard
/ bps_space
/ bps.space
/ bps.space
www.bps.space

[@BPSspace]

Thanks to Incogni for sponsoring this video! To get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan, use this link: incogni.com/bpsincogni

[@simplegunsmith]

What happened to your RCS thruster system I think I saw you show off in an Everyday Astronaut video? Could that theoretically work in a situation like this?

[@jeffGordon852]

Looking for an intern?

[@thesprinklerguy2598]

I sent a email to you a email a few months back about rollerons.. nice to hear you talk about them

[@cosmefulanito5933]

Please do not use scam ads. Thumb down.

[@TheMightyHams]

As someone who just finished their mech eng final project that (to my own detriment) involved a truck load of ANSYS simulations, I don't envy the CFD that you ended up having to do 😂. I'll look forward to the next video with the details.

[@dmacpher]

“Supersonic aerodynamic control” is in no way the same thing as “terminal guidance” two dudes in the van out front of my house.

[@ChucksSEADnDEAD]

That's not his department. He just wants to go up.

[@dmacpher]

@@ChucksSEADnDEAD wink wink nudge nudge, say no more

[@JustGoAndFly]

That's just me I'm homeless not FBI. The other guy is FBI tho and hes in my van questioning me about your KZbin comment.

[@MoritzvonSchweinitz]

I know playing with terminal guidance is a taboo of sorts. But is it actually illegal? And how come there is so little on that topic available online outside of the US?

[@LoisoPondohva]

​@@MoritzvonSchweinitzit's not illegal per se, but doing it without license is problematic and posting about it can be illegal. But that's US. It is illegal in many other countries.

[@4077Disc]

BPS: "The good news is we aren't doing any of that math today..." Me: " :( " BPS: "...That's the topic of the next video." ME: " :) "

[@everettgihring8099]

This. 😂

[@AndyPhu]

So true

[@Mr.Maus.Thunder]

Same

[@MiG-25IsGOAT]

@@everettgihring8099 That

[@paulbizard3493]

Don't be sad. You've got just enough time to study Quantum Field Theory before the next video.

[@tedchirvasiu]

Imagine the thickness of FBI's folder on this guy

[@user-jz5bx2xr6d]

😂😂

[@theAquillo]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="787">13:07</a> cracked me up, i just wasn’t expecting that mouth movement

[@manshenriksson]

"Alright, we're BABABABA into the video..."

[@aurorajunior6328]

Whenever you say “ should I do a video on it“ no matter what it is I immediately want to see it

[@Peteboi64932]

Same dude, same

[@LafayetteSystems]

You could have convinced me the animation looking down along the airframe was real footage. Holy moly the little tabs work so well!

[@reuellouwrens9853]

Collab????

[@Techno_Idioto]

@@reuellouwrens9853 I mean, Lafayette Systems already uses this type of control on their DIAMOND-X rocket.

[@anihopkins6788]

“And as always, they were mounted with about thirty pounds of hot glue” there is something profoundly wrong with this man and that is why i am subscribed to his channel

[@carolinejoybarnhart3717]

When you started in on canards, I started muttering "elevons". When you started talking about talking about rotation the whole fin, I nearly yelled "elevons" at the TV as well as grumbling in 737 Max overcontrol. Then when you showed your solution, I was like, DUH, elevons. Yes, I know the shuttle used a separate rudder, but honestly you should be getting the point since you had four "wings" instead of two. This is how supersonic aircraft control their flight. And if you see my name and picture, and recognize them, LONG LIVE THE PID. Glad I found your channel, we did know each other. And to really induce swearing you need to botch a Kalman filter.

[@david_31]

JOEY B BACK WITH ANOTHER SLAMMER OF A VIDEO

[@BPSspace]

🆙🆙🆙

[@mortlet5180]

Was that a reference to the informal nickname of the AIM-120 AMRAAM, or just a coincidence?

[@pd28cat]

@@mortlet5180AGM-84 SLAM-ER

[@NicholasRehm]

Joey B out here controlling an aircraft over a WIDEEEEE envelope on his f̶i̶r̶s̶t̶ second try, and I hope ya'll know just how hard that is! Aircraft control derivatives scale with dynamic pressure (combo of airspeed and air density)... This basically means an aircraft behaves very differently at different speeds/altitudes with the same control deflection. The successful flight is a testament to Joe's math all collapsing down and "un-coupling" the rocket from its environment, from aero modeling to control system design to sensing. Next video is gonna be good! TL;DR: 😍🚀😍

[@BPSspace]

Awww thank you so much dude! That means a lot :)

[@AerialWaviator]

100% ♥ ... x-plane level engineering!

[@NDJ2ND]

The neat thing about unplugging the servo on the first flight is it gave you a baseline for comparison and illustration of future flights.

[@zac778]

The simulations at the end are outstanding and it demonstrates how your channel not only inspires others to take on engineering projects, but perhaps even more importantly the channel builds a community of very talented aerospace engineers who come together and make meaningful contributions. Great job! Kudos to Gabriel, Matt, Andrew and Dan.

[@rickrack78]

My dad helped develop a few rockets for General Dynamics, they used something called “dithering” which made the fins vibrate(?) and when they wanted to steer in a particular direction they just made the fins spend more time on one side by interrupting the occultations, favoring the direction they wanted to go

[@JustGoAndFly]

Yah pretty sure Salvatore pais scaled this technique up to make the tic tac vehicles.. wingless UFO can only be explained via vacuum creation via high frequency vibration. Likely powered by compact fusion reactor.

[@theavaliengineer]

So, duty cycle control? I've seen it work with rocket motors (see: kinetic kill vehicle used for the DART) but never with fins. Interesting!

[@paulholmes672]

Which is not a very new concept as we used similar methods for early R/C aircraft control before we came into the wonderful world of Proportional servo control, in the late 60's.😁

[@rickrack78]

@@paulholmes672, well it was the early 1960’s when he was doing it, so yeah

[@AerialWaviator]

Nice ... use of random control noise, and then removing some randomness to influence control. Makes me wonder if the "dithering" was a technique to disrupt shockwaves traveling across the control surface.

[@abbeytheoctopus2772]

We leaving the ground with this one 🗣️🔥🔥🔥

[@BPSspace]

YOU KNOW IT 🆙

[@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721]

we goin UP 📈

[@sirisawadcharoensuk6569]

We’re going ⬆️⬆️⬆️⬆️⬆️⬆️📈📈📈📈📈📈📈📈

[@stanmacdonald1073]

It's fun seeing you go through the same problems I encountered about 15 yrs ago. I built a rocket with canard driven by high-powered rc servos. I put together a controller with an $1100 Analog Devices IMU and a custom microcontroller with SD card parameter control and data recording. I initially wanted to control roll. had 9 flights without success. At first I thought I had a control system bug, then I thought I might have a hardware problem. Finally I mechanically fixed the canard at a constant angle. I had roll reversal in every flight. I finally installed a camera to verify the data collection. Unfortunately the rocket came in ballistic and the 8 foot rocket was compressed into 8" long wad. I researched this problem and ran across a group in the NW that was having the same problem and had identified AIAA research that identified the problem many years ago.

[@ledocteur7701]

The fins extra thickness didn't seem to be an issue, but if you do want to reduce there thickness in the future one option is to mount the servos inside the fuselage and have a thin shaft go up into the fin to control the tab. This could also allow almost all the cables to be inside the fuselage as well, further reducing drag.

[@puckplayer219]

"I am not proud of everything I do." is my life motto.

[@glennllewellyn7369]

I hear you. We have NO regrets.

[@k1ng401]

@@glennllewellyn7369I do

[@justinhu9650]

Sometimes… life SUCKS and sometimes, the thing you make are… disturbing

[@arcmchair_roboticist]

As a computer scientist, I would be interested if you could make a wind tunnel to gather enough data on the effect of the vortices and build a controller to compensate for them. No idea how hard it is to build a wind tunnel though, and I'm sure I'm underestimating the difficulty of that control problem. Good luck! Great video as always

[@ChucksSEADnDEAD]

The problem is that funneling air into a supersonic flow isn't exactly for the home gamer.

[@3RaccoonsInATank]

building a wind tunnel is actuly kind easy. building a supersonic wind tunnel however, less easy.

[@KCM25NJL]

Actually, building a supersonic wind tunnel in itself is not that difficult. Gathering the relevant amount of currency to do so, while building it in a place that is about 500 miles from your nearest neighbour........ different story.

[@technikchaot]

As someone that studies Engineering Informatics (mixture of computer science and electrical engineering) I often have to work with computer science that had never heard any physics or mechanical engineering lectures and they are most times better at algorithmic and similar thinking stuff but don't let have mechanical or electronics ideas. Wind tunnel up to a couple of hundred km/h no problem use a fan big and fast enough and you are good to go. You still need to think about how to reduce the effect of the turbulance of the fan, maybe build a pull configuration the expected wind speed for the same input power is slightly slower but should still work. But now the trans and supersonic Problems. These speeds are not possible with a fan alone. And the pull configuration does nothing. If your fan is to powerfull you suck a vacuum but still don't get mach 1 and in the push configuration you still would only near to mach 1 and than produce a high preassure zone. So you need a nozzle the same type as the one on the bottom of a rocket engine. It solves the Problem of converting high pressure gas to high speed gas. BUT the gas goes from very high pressure (tens or hundreds bar (atmospheres)) to 1 bar or below every expanding gas cools down. And this kind of depressurization would lead at least to freezing water and CO2, but depending on the pressure drop even to liquid nitrogen or oxygen (unlikly in home build variants). So you don't need to start with a high pressure gas. You need to start with a high pressure high temperature gas. Problem is most materials get weaker under high temperature but the high pressure is really high so the whole thing is near its failure before you even have moving gases. Second Problem you don't want to see effects of pressure waves reflecting of the tunnel walls because that would cause similiar uncontrolable feedback loops as the canards to the fins earlier in the video. So the wind tunnel should be at least factor 5 to 10 bigger to the test object (model rocket) now we test a small model with a fin can that is only 5 cm in with (to be honest to tiny to have good estimates on how a big one would react). The wind tunnel has at least to have a diameter of 25 cm. 0.25m*0.25m*pi/4=pi/64 m² this times the desired speed of 300 m/s (yes I know speed of sound is faster under normal pressure and temperature but I will not estimate which temperature we could manage to reach in our tunnel) at 0.5 bar is pi/64 m²*300 m/s*0.5=7.36 m³/s. So you would need every second of testing 7.4 kubic meters of air delivered to your wind tunnel, forget it. This is for each second 4 full (and not the smallest ones) air bottles that divers use. Because there is no for not that rich individuals available solution that would produce this preassure and quantity of compressed gas on the fly (exeption rocket motors but they burn to hot to hold a normal test object in exhaust).

[@manfredgawlas9936]

I'm working on aerodynamics of rockets myself. From what I've heard from a people who works directly with that kind of aerodynamic tunnels, just the cost of preforming a single set of tests on subsonic tunnel capable of fitting rocket this size is at minimum few thousand dollars. Not to mention building a supersonic tunnel. You can get good results just by simulations alone tho, I basicly work with that, Solidworks is a pretty good tool for obtaining such data and is extreamly easy to use. However I would questions it's results for trans sonic flows.

[@drhxa]

For sure please do a video on control over transonic flight regimes! And I'd love to see one (maybe combine them) about CFD you mentioned, what specifically was the effort required to succeed, the process, and the modeling. We love the theory

[@UnlikelyToRemember]

transonic is really hard (it's why jetliners which have the power to exceed about 0.85 mach just don't). Best bet here is just to get through to the other side as fast as possible.

[@petergudden]

There is a reason for all moving fins other than extreme manouvrability. At the end of WW2 aircraft became uncontrollable due to the elevator being behind the shockwave (where it looses effectiveness) just when they were very much needed because of the onset of Mach tuck (which is a nose-down moment on the lifting surface in transonic flow). The problem of controllablility was solved on the Bell X-1 with an all moving horizontal stabilizer. On supersonic missiles this is the all moving fin. Your trim tab seems to function more as a spoiler (so to create drag) than as an aerodynamic surface to direct the airflow. It definitely gets credits for a shoestring approach. Hope you don't mind me making a suggestion: spoilers don'' t necessarily have to be in the fin section, they might as well be in the aera where you would expect the canard fins or anywhere else on the vehicle. The obvious advantage of moving the spoilers away from the fins is the available space for the servo's. Now your fins can be thin again to reduce the drag. I hope this suggestion will help you past Mach 2 and eventually into space in a controlled manner.

[@CheeseWithMold]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1275">21:15</a> Aside from the first couples seconds or so of this, you could've absolutely fooled me into thinking this was on-board flight footage. Well done to the community for helping here. Also would love a video on transsonic flight.

[@dfgaJK]

<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="915">15:15</a> 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣. I'm very glad for your sake that you got that on camera!

[@micaiahwolfe]

Silo launched rockets, guiding eggs to specific places on the ground, supersonic aerodynamic control, and soon to be a space shot? You are definitely on a watchlist somewhere.

[@dhbengineer]

I always love the sheer attention to every detail Joe puts into everything. Everything from the rocket's functionality, the camera shots, and the video edits are all phenomenal quality. Keep up the good work.

[@EAFSQ9]

joey out here innovating cost-effective aerospace telemetry and guidance solutions with servo-in-wing-tabs

[@nerdtronaut]

There’s nothing better than trigonometry

[@BPSspace]

REAL

[@Haren94]

What about laminar flow?

[@sir_vix]

😮😭 *Quadratic Equations left the chat*

[@user-mn2su2qg3c]

there is one and it is called calculus

[@Thunder-cj4ck]

​@@user-mn2su2qg3c Hell yeahh calculus the GOAT

[@benjaminshropshire2900]

Before I finish watching the video; there is a neat trick that the first AIM-9 Sidewinder missile used to avoid needing to compensate for things like density altitude: it used force servos on the fins rather than position servos. The result is that, with a few assumptions about the center of force on the fin staying more or less the same distance behind the pivot, a given turning force on the fin created the same side force on the missile body more or less regardless of speed or altitude. The entire guidance and control system on the first marks of the AIM-9 are a fascinating cases study in how a spec project with almost no budget can force better designs.

[@rafaobrs]

Man, I'm an automation and Control engineer in Brazil, I have a masters degree in robótica and I have been teaching engineering and mechatronics for 8 years. I have no idea how on earth you deal with so many complex details in these projects. It seems like it is done for a team of 10 senior engineers. You are crazy! How do you tune the controllers before the launch? Do you have a detailed mathematical model for the whole structure? You are insane man, keep up with the work. You're going to heaven.

[@SlimeyDev]

We leavin the earths atmosphere with this one 🗣️ 🔥🔥🔥

[@KegRocket]

This edit hits different! Loving it 💯

[@Gingerbread3232]

KEG ROCKET NO WAY, bro can you please tell me if your gonna keep uploading in KZbin I need to know!, I’m a big fan bro!

[@benjaminnevins5211]

So excited for your project!

[@TheWinning247]

I think you bumped into the problem they had breaking the sound barrier with the oldschool split control surfaces. You've gone smart and made a teeny tiny control surface, but the split control surface becomes basically useless in the transonic region, which is why they moved to all moving control surfaces. You've probably already come to this conclusion, but if you put a teeny all moving contol surface at the tip of your fin, you'll retain control authority at speed. Having the surfaces that far out will make them more potent in roll as they have a longer lever, but hey, make smaller movements. Keep it up, it's an instant click whenever I see one of your videos!

[@wesgoodhoofd348]

Control systems are so satisfying when they do what you want. Great to see how it worked in this case and can't wait to see the next video of details!

[@brocktechnology]

I've been watching your last 3-5 years of videos over the last month or two, this is pretty much the solution I've been yelling at the screen through all your roll control adventures. looking forward to the rest of the story.

[@gallagherthewolf5845]

I love watching the process over the years

[@Spacecode14]

You are the perfect mix of youtuber and engineer, these videos are great and inspire people. Thank you... can't wait for the math video :)

[@phoenixrising4073]

Every time I watch one of your videos I am genuinely happy for you and what you've accomplished. Keep it going man, you're doing great.

[@infinitelyexplosive4131]

You’re both a good rocket scientist and also a good storyteller

[@ComradNr2207]

OMG! Another BPS Video. Best Day in my life!

[@user-lb5fz3ne4j]

What an amazing video. Congrats. Please upload moru frequently

[@mrhalfbacon]

I was just watching the previous video wondering when the next one would be- and my prayers got answered!

[@basbomb2018]

Your humanity and willingness to share mistakes is what keeps me coming back. Keep it up. Also, what about air brake flaps angled to push the air away from the body (as opposed to the traditional direction of air brakes that “bite” the air)? They would be very small, not need to be particularly strong, and should be very light. They would be very fine tunable too I think. Just an idea.

[@jwaero]

This is awesome! And your videos were already amazing, but the increase in animations, editing, etc took it through the roof!!

[@RTS907]

Thanks! An awesome video, I just loved model rockets when I was a kid. Turned that into a EE/computer programmer.

[@macebobkasson1629]

BRO ITS YHE GUY BEPIS JOHN OUT HERE ROCKET? a good start to the day :)

[@darkmetal20]

I am 13 year old boy. You have truly inspired me to pursue my passion in rocketry.

[@Raven3one]

Be prepared for lots of failure, and you best damn well make sure you get up and try again. Do. Not. Give. Up.

[@patpilot1675]

Me too I was 12 when I saw this guy and now I’m 16 sending my first high power rocket

[@Singulut]

@darkmetal20 Me too!!! I already tried to build a sugar - kno3 rocket but it failed This summer I will try again!

[@pd28cat]

Internet safety: 📉📉📉

[@AirCommandRockets]

Outstanding video production Joe! Very interesting discussion on the control issues and the importance of doing good post flight analysis of what worked and what didn't.

[@HuskerTexan]

Excellent job. Very impressive how you have stuck with this for so many years.

[@aw_dev]

Joseph bizzlington back with actual missiles now 😂

[@Gingerbread3232]

YES HE UPLOADED

[@JackDalfino]

Bro I love been checking like once a day for like 3 months

[@Gingerbread3232]

@@JackDalfino I just turn on notifications

[@dr4d1s]

We are all excited but why are you yelling?

[@Gingerbread3232]

@@dr4d1swhy are you so mad, and I’m not yelling dumbass 💀

[@ScubaDrew]

One of your best videos of all time. Your persistence is inspiring. BPS!!

[@AderNyland]

Transonic! Yes please!! Great videos, I love learning along with you. Thanks for putting in all the crazy effort.

[@ItzCPU_]

AIM 120 AMRAAM has left the chat

[@izzythepug]

he looks exactly like elon musk

[@ayaanrazzak9116]

Ikr😂

[@user-vo1rm7om8o]

lmao elon needs to see this🤣

[@bndncn]

Way cool. So stoked every time one of these videos hits my feed, thanks for doing all this!

[@HarleyKing001]

Masterful storytelling, Joe. Great ride. Thank you.

[@karoinnovation1033]

Absolutely fantastic, wow. Impressive work and passion. Go for it.

[@s.m.aggies7220]

Great news Joe, about the test flights. So amazing to view the simulated flight using telemetry, great work of friends continual on with learning and working with the Mission. :)

[@Me-ld8bt]

This is REALLY cool. Good job! I am looking forward for the next video.

[@tgirard123]

Just did the incogni deal. That was very cool. Thanks

[@AceSimulations]

Supersonic flow is fascinating. I have been working on my own rocket to test control methods in a compressed flow flight envelope and can say the work you are doing is really amazing. I can't wait for the next video!

[@iamnickdavis]

Awesome video again, can't wait till the next.

[@fanBladeOne]

That red curve...always speechless watching your videos. Such a brilliant young man.

[@hectorgerardomunoz4736]

Great job Gabriel, thanks for your contribution using Ansys STK simulation SW.

[@lawrencerubanka7087]

Awesome, awesome, and awesome! YES, we want to see the maths and analytics video. Thank you for your great work.

[@TAdamLaird]

Transonic video needs to happen for sure. Also great job on figuring this one out, I know it was a big step and took a lot of hard work. Every day you are getting closer to space and I love to see it!

[@adamreynolds3863]

great job on making that rocket! this is so awesome!! honestly that CAD model of the data from the flight is pretty cool, ive not seen POV like that before

[@aidanstarke8303]

Thank you joeB once again for my absolute favourite content. Have a good day!

[@mattmartinez3442]

Amazing video, can't wait to see what happens next! I would love to see real footage side by side with the simulated footage for the next flight.

[@djohnson4274]

Luv your videos! Thanks!

[@robaust3049]

Always great to see a video and your trials, wins and successes… I live by data and have often debated the value of on board footage and you always show the benefits.

[@chadlanc]

I was driving the other day across the desert and had a thought that I hadn't seen anything new from you in awhile. Good to see a new video!

[@Tiberius126]

Always enjoyable, always quality. Thanks!

[@MADmosche]

Very much looking forward to your upcoming videos about cameras and the transonic speed issues.

[@VanskyAlleria]

Love it! This is why I love engineering. There's always something you did not think about and finding the solution can be the most fun part. :D

[@KofiAsare0]

Incredible work, looking forward to the next video!

[@Girvo747]

Yes please: I’d love a discussion on the difficulties with the transonic region!

[@karentumanian1186]

Wow! Super hard job 💪🏻. Thanks man 👍🏻

[@uff8748]

I just love your informative videos

[@jagadishkumarmr531]

As an Aerospace Control Engineer, this is absolutely amazing! Yes we would actually love to see more videos on control architecture and if you had implemented gain scheduling for pre and post mach flight!! Thanks a lot these video! All the best for future control missions

[@grumpy2.0]

Really enjoyed this video.

[@kklol07]

i love how you plan stuff, not just the projecct but the video... the 13 minutes thing was very funny but cool!

[@AlexanderGuryev]

Joe, it is amazing project! And super-fun story! Good luck to you and cosmic launch heights to your rockets!!

[@petermaxine5895]

You passion is absolutely incredible.

[@Stellar_Lake_sys]

this is super cool, really looking forward to the next vid. would also enjoy seeing a video on transsonic flight issues, I'm vaguely familiar with how they affect aircraft, but it'd be interesting to hear about how they come into play with rockets

[@erickvond6825]

Dude, I super love nerding out with you. I can pretty confidently say that every video you've already put out and all the future ones that you haven't yet made. Just do what you love. I'm pretty sure we'll all like it.

[@centurionmcjk4391]

Man just discovered the power of the trim tab! Very cool

[@OriolJuve]

Congratulations. Amazing

[@joymakerRC]

joe i love you , amazing , i do the servo wire thing at least once a season

[@robwalmsley8235]

I enjoy your videos very much and although i have no formal education ref aerospace design and technology i can follow and understand because of the way you deliver information....always learning and always enjoying your content......thankyou......

[@BixbyConsequence]

I've been following the Sugar Shot to Space project for what seems like 20 years. I dare say you're going to beat them to space. Subscribed. Good Luck!

[@tomkoopmann5442]

I think this is the best video you've ever made, keep upping that production values! This is amazing! Also, yes please, we all want to see the video about transonic flight regimes.

[@varunahlawat9013]

Your videos are escalating steadily. Respect ++

[@xevious4142]

"Thrust vectoring was just easier with fins" Insane lol. Very impressive stuff.

[@rototiller345]

YES WE WOULD LOVE ANY MORE VIDEOS FROM YOU NO MATTER WHAT THEY ARE

[@MarcusMiller-cp9jh]

Super cool video! Please do make that video on the transonic region, would love to watch that!

[@TheOnlyRiceman]

Incredible video!

[@OpeideFredrik]

Great video! Looking forwards to the next one

[@janjager2906]

I’ve totally no knowledge on this subject other than it would be ‘complicated’ and am VERY impressed by what I just witnessed. 😮👍😃

[@MrKillerno1]

Hats off for you man!