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The fight against obesity is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Today, science has advanced so much that it offers us solutions that seemed unthinkable a few years ago. One of them is injectable drugs that promise significant weight loss. Drugs such as ozempic, trulicity, victoza and the brand new mounjaro have become particularly popular, not only for those suffering from diabetes and obesity but also for people who want to lose a few pounds.
Although these drugs are important tools in weight management, they are accompanied by side effects that should not be ignored. The side effects are divided into three main categories: Those that are very common but completely reversible and insignificant, those that are very rare but are heard a lot on social media and those that are very common and very important and are hardly heard at all. Today, I will present you with all three groups and stay until the end because I will also tell you the solution.
The first group of side effects concerns side effects that are very common but completely insignificant and usually last a short time. Such side effects are some difficulty sleeping on the day of the injection, some digestive discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting or some diarrhea, maybe a headache, etc. Typically, week after week these side effects subside and are almost never a problem.
The second group of side effects are the rare ones that make a big sensation on social media, but they are so rare that they should not prevent someone who needs the treatment from not taking the drug. Such side effects are the suicidal tendencies that are reported, some cases of severe liver failure and others that occur in one in a million. These side effects are tragic, but they are so rare that we should not dwell on them too much.
In these side effects we must compensate for the side effects of obesity. If you are a man with a height of 175 and a weight of 92 kg or a woman of 160 and a weight of 77 kg or something similar, then you are obese. A person who suffers from obesity has a 6-fold increased probability of developing diabetes, 3 times coronary heart disease, 3 times arthritis, 3 times endometrial cancer, 3 times back pain and others. Also, at least 13 cancers are linked to obesity, depression is 55% more common in people who suffer from obesity and unfortunately people with obesity have 30% more dementia. So, we are talking about very important and very common problems. It is certainly a risk that we should take medically.
Let's look at the third group of side effects that are both significant and very common and unfortunately we still don't hear anything about them on social media. On the contrary, on social media we hear rave reviews from influencers who lost a lot of weight with these drugs on the one hand and scaremongering about the extremely rare side effects on the other. This creates the feeling that these drugs are extremely effective, but very dangerous. This is the exact opposite of what is true.
In reality, these drugs are extremely safe, but they are not as effective as we would like them to be, especially if we consider the third category of side effects of these drugs, which someone should be well aware of before deciding to start taking them.
Researchers studying these drugs wisely focus on weight, which includes both fat and muscle tissue, and do not publish studies on the change in fat percentage. However, we clinicians who systematically perform lipometry, see that people who lose weight with injectable anti-obesity drugs also lose a lot of muscle tissue. The number on the scale sounds impressive, but the fat percentage does not decrease much. For example, we see a patient starting with 40% fat and 140 kilos of weight and after losing 40 kilos, the fat percentage decreases to 38%. The kilos he lost are significant, but the fat is not as much as it should be. The point is, however, that metabolism depends on muscle tissue and not on fat. The calories we burn daily are proportional to the muscle tissue we have. When we lose muscle tissue, metabolism decreases significantly. This has two consequences. The first is that metabolism decreases, resulting in the drug slowly losing its effectiveness. The second is that if at some point someone stops taking the drug, either because the effectiveness no longer satisfies them or for any other reason, they will end up with a lower metabolism, resulting in them regaining the weight they have lost, and usually much more. In fact, what makes things even worse is that if, for example, they have lost 20 kilos and of those 10 kilos are fat and the other 10 kilos is muscle tissue, when