Stromboli Volcano Eruption Update; Powerful Explosion Occurs, 10,000 Foot Plume

On July 11th, Italy's Mount Stromboli volcano produced a powerful explosion 1,000 times larger than its typical hourly eruption. Classified as a vulcanian eruption, it generated a 10,000 foot high eruption column and generated pyroclastic flows which entered the Mediterranean Sea. But, why exactly did this powerful eruption occur, marking only the 5th such event at the volcano in the last 60 years? This video will attempt to answer this question.
Thumbnail Photo Credit: Frame grab from a CC BY 3.0 licensed video by • Stromboli, 3 luglio 20... by INGVvulcani which was cropped, resized, and had the darkness of its shadows decreased, was overlaid with text, and overlaid with GeologyHub made graphics (the image border & the GeologyHub logo).
Note: This video's thumbnail image shows an eruption of Mount Stromboli on July 3rd, 2019.
A special thanks to the Extreme Pursuit KZbin channel for granting me permission to use clips of his footage!
Video Sources from the Extreme Pursuit KZbin channel:
[1] • Incredible eruptions a...
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Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image (and this list does not include every license used in this video and/or thumbnail image):
CC BY 3.0: creativecommons.org/licenses/...
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Sources/Citations:
[1] INGV
[2] UNO
[3] DYNAMO
[4] Andronico, D., Del Bello, E., D’Oriano, C. et al. Uncovering the eruptive patterns of the 2019 double paroxysm eruption crisis of Stromboli volcano. Nat Commun 12, 4213 (2021). doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24..., CC BY 4.0.
[5] Vossen, C.E.J., Cimarelli, C., Bennett, A.J. et al. The electrical signature of mafic explosive eruptions at Stromboli volcano, Italy. Sci Rep 12, 9049 (2022). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12..., CC BY 4.0.
KZbin Creative Commons video clips used in this video (CC BY 3.0 license):
[1] • Stromboli, 28 agosto 2019
[2] • Stromboli, 3 luglio 20...
[3] • Stromboli, 3 luglio 20...
[4] • Stromboli - 8 luglio ...
[5] • Stromboli: flusso piro...
[6] • Stromboli: confronto c...
0:00 Powerful Stromboli Eruption
1:10 Vulcanian Eruptions
2:40 2 Magma Chambers
3:42 Warning Signs

[@gwendolenshepard9124]

Every new video gives so much knowledge in just a few minutes. Thank you!

[@laura-bianca3130]

When you are about to buy a house in Italy and all of its volcanoes start to act up, including the Volcano island (giving volcanoes its name)....even Campi Flegrei scares me

[@tymonkalbarczyk1456]

Wasn't Italy giving out houses for one euro on the condition you move into said house?

[@jjMcCartan9686]

Truth is if mount stromboli was on land it would be higher than mt etna.

[@logansfam]

And Vesuvius

[@Sashazur]

It’ll make real estate cheaper.

[@larion2336]

@@tymonkalbarczyk1456 Yes, though they came with a lot of caveats about how you had to live there and perform maintenance to bring the property back to a liveable state (many were near wrecks). So it wasn't at all free.

[@NeoRipshaft]

Kind of funny that Stromboli didn't do a strombolian eruption - always gotta keep you guessing! 😆

[@John-ou4rm]

It can use whatever pronound it wants 😂 like Big/Bang/Boom. 💥💥💥

[@xwiick]

Thanks for all the hard work on these videos!

[@Just_Daz]

Thank you for these updates, they are so informative

[@Henrikbuitenhuis]

Thanks so much for the video and info

[@KathleenGreer-hk6yl]

Pyroclastic flows are absolutely terrifying.

[@juggis]

Yes, fast moving hot wall of death

[@nickspruytenburg1230]

First observed by Pliny the Younger in AD 70(Vesuvius), ignored as fanciful for centuries until Mont Pelee in 1905(I think) proved him right. Remarkable.

[@yomogami4561]

thanks for the update and information

[@kittty2005]

Yep I've checked about 2 other volcano "experts" and it seems they get their info from you but mostly you all work together as a world wide team and I salute all of you, but you I check with 1st before any others I like your style of news casting and sometimes I get to see your face as you speak. Not many youtubers do that it gives you that personal touch.

[@keatonterry]

I knew something was up when I saw that pahoehoe flow on the drone video. Two days later and a dense gas plume was being emitted, and then after a couple weeks the first big explosion!

[@pierreetienneschneider6731]

As usual, superbe explanation for an extraordinary event.. There is such a thin line between Strombolian and Vulcanian activity . It only takes some form of blockage to transition from harmless Strombolian to violent and damaging Vulcanian regime.

[@phonehenge]

Pretty exciting!

[@rudilapa6569]

Thanks!

[@areareare9953]

There is a distinct lack of running away in those video clips.

[@davesatxify]

thank you

[@TheSpaceEnthusiast-vl6wx]

Thanks as always.

[@mech-a-redneck9745]

Interesting to see. Somewhere I have Kodak pictures of it blowing a mushroom cloud in the late 50's or early 60's from the deck of the Destroyer my Dad was stationed on the the Mediterranean.

[@erinmac4750]

Pretty cool! That was the perfect example for a vulcanian eruption. I hadn't picked up on the straight column of ash they produce. Now, I know. 🍀🌍✌️😎

[@pierreetienneschneider6731]

Actually it's a bit of an oddball because most Vulcanian activities involve medium to high viscosity magma which clogs the vent. Stromboli is mostly erupting basalt so it shouldn't have clogged up that way, maybe there was half solidified lava blocking off the vent.

[@susiesue3141]

Thanks for all the information! 😊

[@stevef9530]

Excellent, clear and concise presentation of the eruption, many thanks.

[@Benson_aka_devils_advocate_88]

At 1:05 is the brownish discoloration in the water due to the eruption? I'm guessing it would be an example of a pyroclastic flow that is now underwater? Have there been any studies to determine the sizes and shapes they would take, and thus stills and animations? The Tonga eruption is a recent example of how far the underwater columns can travel so I'd imagine the companies that run subsea utilities would want to know what precautions to take in the future.

[@SteveSiegelin]

That flow is terrifying and the fact that it hit the steepest flank 😬

[@tstahler5420]

Mmmm 😋 Stromboli. God I love Stromboli! Now I'm hungry.

[@jagpilotohio]

Sausage, pep, mushroom and onion please! 😁

[@laura-bianca3130]

Question: we saw in Northern Italy a few days ago a weird phenomenon...a sort of burning fog, like ashes in the air. No rain. We did have Sahara rain on the plants a few days prior to that fog, so the wind was definitively Southern. Can volcano ash travel this far? And invert the microclimate of a region: cold below, hot above? In summer? With the fog came a decrease of temperature of over 15°C Celsius and it stopped after 2 days.

[@erinmac4750]

Wow! Those are strange phenomena to say the least. I'd be interested in finding out what would cause that, as well. Hopefully you don't get the heatwave there. 🍀

[@denveringram2304]

Volcanic ash can travel around the entire globe if it’s lofted high enough. It’s driven by the winds. Ash is washed out by rain (and snow) and by gravity. And it blocks sunlight, so hot above and cold below is certainly meteorologically possible. Local temperatures depend on isolation from the sun as well as topographical exposure. South and west facing slopes are typically warmer. North facing slopes are cooler and more moist. Time of day and time of year also influence temperature. So if your valley faces or opens northward and the sun casts shadows due to surrounding mountains, clouds and ash would certainly act in the same direction to create cool temperatures. Winds can affect either cold or warm air into an area as well. I’m not too surprised to read of your report of cool temperatures. If the volcanoes in Italy (or elsewhere) spew ash into the stratosphere, in significant volume, global temperatures would cool for several years. The ideal range for this is 100k to 120k feet. I don’t think Stromboli or Etna have lofted it that high quite yet. But that’s something to watch for going forward.

[@swainscheps]

Sounds Shakespearean @laura-bianca3130 “…never till now, did I go through a tempest dropping fire. Either there is a civil strife in heaven, Or else the world, too saucy with the gods, Incenses them to send destruction.” Either way, I’m thinking Caesar is in big trouble…

[@kellydalstok8900]

Google “the year without a summer”.

[@casperblouwe8529]

British Painter William Ascroft painted a lot of what you described back some 140 years ago during the year without a summer, caused by Krakatoas eruption. Frederick Edwin Church did the same in the Americas and both were aware of the phenomenon. The famous 'the Scream' painting is influenced by it as well.

[@ColettesGarden]

Great coverage! Thank you.

[@TheGlobalTravelr]

Great detail and explanation.

[@nakor667]

Have you covered the Wilkes Land Crater in Antarctica?

[@ManiacRacing]

Awesome!

[@chimknee]

Thanks.

[@Thomas-sb8xh]

For some time now, there has been talk of an increase in seismic and volcanic activity in the area of Panarea and Stromboli, and it is also necessary to mention an underwater volcano, whose activity is also increasing, according to Italian volcanologists. Perhaps a stronger than usual eruption of Stromboli is a confirmation of these predictions, we will see.

[@EinarEle]

Why is it that the only active volcanoes in continental Europe (so excluding Iceland and overseas territories ) are nearly all Italian? The only exception I can think of is Santorini. Africa is moving north over a wider area so why is Italy different from Spain or Greece?

[@areareare9953]

Greece has Santorini and other active volcanoes. Spain may be too far west for Mediterranean activity right now, most of their volcanoes are La Palma and the Atlantic. France's volcanoes are geologically recent, but dormant.

[@EinarEle]

@@areareare9953 Apart from Santorini there are now active volcanoes in Greece in the historical period. The youngest Greek volcano is Nisyros wth its last activity dated to 15 kya.

[@xeniaandbcn]

Mainland Spain does have volcanoes, they are dormant or inactive but they exist

[@maxhugen]

Crazy that people actually _choose_ to live on the flanks of a volcano!

[@chadsimmons6347]

It makes you wonder if the short blast eruptions are going to be even more fierce,,or back to normal? (thankx-professor)

[@kuskesh_haramzadeh]

This channel is a Volcano of knowledge.... At least 1million M³

[@ThatOpalGuy]

frightening

[@DavidMcFarner]

Ooh, let’s go live in the tiny town on a postage stamp of land at the base of that active volcano surrounded by water.

[@kennycarter5682]

imagine there is a plinian eruption on the way? or worse. i twould be a bad sign if eruptions ceased and no blasts occured for weeks or months, likely would cause the island to be evactuated

[@Leyrann]

Yeah. If I were the Italian authorities, I'd evacuate Stromboli only if it _stopped_ erupting.

[@pierreetienneschneider6731]

It would be a very, very bad sign... This would mean it was building pressure. Plinian eruptions are unlikely, but a series of Vulcanian explosions profoundly remodeling the summit area is very probable... something like in 1919, 1930 or 1985 where pyroclastic flows ran through San Vincenzo village.

[@kennycarter5682]

@@pierreetienneschneider6731 anything is possible with a stratovolcano tho. A change can occur at any time

[@GamingCeo420]

So more videos on ancient super volcanoes

[@buzz5969]

Stromboli, ah reminded me we going out for Italian tonight at Vitales…

[@jonathanljohnson]

How do they determine the composition location and size of the various lava chambers so far beneath the surface?

[@graham2105]

Boom

[@suzettebecker3581]

Holy holy Stromboli

[@RomoRooster]

It seems this was a one way trip Mr. Froto

[@davidcranstone9044]

Frodo?

[@jacquilayton2557]

The opening picture of the eruption looked like a hand palm upwards.

[@ajourney50]

It reminds me of the eruption at Mt. St. Helen's in the 80s. The pictures seem similar.

[@luigip9216]

St Helen's blast was thousands times bigger.

[@GAMakin]

Pyroclastic flow might better be expressed as meters per second. 85 kph is 23.611 meters per second or, for the US: 77.467 feet per second (ALMOST 60 MPH) OR: The length of an NFL football field in 3.9 SECONDS. Apart from that, I had an suspicion that Stromboli wasn't finished impressing us. 👍

[@RobSchellinger]

Stromboli is spewing cheese and pizza sauce everywhere

[@paulmicks7097]

Hub , thot stromboli is an Italian dish , how did it become a volcano 🌋

[@TexDrinkwater]

Etna has been rather active lately, as well.

[@larry785]

Nobody recorded the initial blast??? Oh well!

[@tk423b]

Basically an Earth shart

[@logansfam]

I have a feeling that we might see a sub plinian eruption at Stromboli

[@paulsutton5713]

For future reference, the accents/pronunciations for those islands are: STROMboli vulCAno

[@Dovietail]

What goes up must come down. Time to go!

[@maurasmith-mitsky762]

Interesting that the magma chambers have different gas levels.

[@atomic_wait]

I once ate a stromboli and later was the victim of a major magma eruption, is that related?

[@Crogatho]

The latest eruption was even bigger than the one you are covering in this video. Unless you were only using footage from the 7th of July

[@Furry-xr4hp]

that's pretty close to Greece, speaking of Greece can you make a vid about our desert?

[@b.a.erlebacher1139]

I really don't think your constant nagging will get you what you want. It's trivially easy to mute a commenter if you don't want to hear from them. If you're so interested in the subject, you have access to most of the resources GH does, so you can find out for yourself. If you know Greek, you've got access to resources GH doesn't, too.

[@Furry-xr4hp]

@@b.a.erlebacher1139 i want him to make the vid

[@b.a.erlebacher1139]

@@Furry-xr4hp You can't always get what you want, and GH has no obligation to give it to you. Sometimes pestering people until they give in works, but it's not a good strategy in life, and it seldom works if people have no reason to oblige you and it's easy to ignore you. I suspect a lot of people have muted you already.

[@Furry-xr4hp]

@@b.a.erlebacher1139 good thing KZbin isn't life and can't harm anyone

[@hupiscratch110]

Giuseppe Stromboli is finally acting

[@scottymoondogjakubin4766]

And all this time i thought a stromboli was a sandwich ! But a volcano is more destructive

[@kellydalstok8900]

And that is why the spiciest pizza on the menu is often called Stromboli.

[@EnlightnMe48]

How do you see what the chambers look like?

[@kuskesh_haramzadeh]

Sonar. Kinda like ultrasound to see a baby. But less cute...

[@b.a.erlebacher1139]

Seismic tomography - measuring the speed seismic waves take to pass through subsurface features tells a lot about their shape, size and composition. With enough data, you can construct pretty accurate subsurface 3D maps.

[@EnlightnMe48]

@@b.a.erlebacher1139 amazing

[@ferretyluv]

I was gonna say, I thought Stromboli is always erupting.

[@MiniMC546]

So uhh, just to let you know that Taal erupted yesterday.

[@Celeste-in-Oz]

So… volcanoes are named after… a volcano?

[@alanwood4968]

Thats a lot of eruption.

[@beardy4831]

I'm wondering if there's a more predictable force involved which encourages magma to rise. Position of moon, region/global air pressures, recent rainfall or lack of, position of sun, solar storms, global earthquake activity, etc. Any of those or combinations. The idea being something pulling up or pushing down on the tectonic plates causing the magma to squirt out, rather than relying on subsurface convection forces.

[@jamesleatherwood5125]

Ha! 5 times in 60 years is apparently rare! meanwhile, there are volcanos that havnt erupted at all in the last 100 or 200 years that are considered more dangerous.. lol. While i understood the meaning, its just funny to tthink of any eruption of a volcano that is dang near constantly erupting as a rare eruption. lol. especially when its in the top five of active volcanos on the planet. lol but if 5 times in 60 years is "rare" then almost every volcano on the planet is even more rare simply because mosty all volcanos (exceptions to every rule, hair splitters, hence the "mostly") have much less frequent eruptions at all, much less multiple eruption types having gone off often enough to compare eruption types. lol

[@michellesgarden5695]

Rare but 'normal'...these are recorded eruptions of this type...in past times it may have been a case of simply recording 'volcano erupted' and maybe some damage details

[@tlflora]

not really unexpected, eh?.....

[@MoncureCoyote]

Can you imagine the gas and ash flowing down the volcano? No bueno.

[@fabiotabaton314]

Unexpected?????? Gissa a break!!😢

[@marclouisb]

It's not called Mount Stromboli, just Stromboli

[@ceeemm1901]

Is Ingrid Bergman Ok???!!!!!

[@marilynbelcher4263]

True or false?

[@davidcranstone9044]

True.

[@Kadosh77]

It’s Glorious and all Powerful! God is in control!

[@obsidianjane4413]

Earth zits.

[@HONGKELDONGKEL1888]

so this is how Mayon absolutely lost it in 1814 and 1897 - just like Stromboli, Mayon is a generally mild-mannered volcano until magma mixing occurs. heh, learn something new every day.

[@SalvatoreEscoti]

Stromboli, a very small volcano, doesn't even reach 1000 meters in height. Mount Etna, towering at over 3400 meters, is more than three times Stromboli's size.

[@zasanafesenov8119]

Who builds a village town whatever below a volcano. What was the real estate that cheap, free thermal power, fumes?

[@EllieMaes-Grandad]

Rich soils.

[@xwiick]

Who builds in flood plains, Tornado country or hurricane coastlines?

[@paulcoverdale8312]

Dose anybody know if these volcs are connected to Campe’ s magma chamber??? It seems Campe’ gets a bit umpy, an Stromboli etc goes ballistic?? Hope it’s the case for people on the mainland. 🙏🙏👍👍🇬🇧🇬🇧🌋🌋

[@wazaagbreak-head6039]

Yes same hotspot

[@luigip9216]

No, there are no evidences of connection between the two volcanoes. No evidences at all.

[@luigip9216]

No evidences at all.

[@MN_Richelieu]

^ They're both right

[@b.a.erlebacher1139]

​@@wazaagbreak-head6039Not a hotspot. It's a convergent plate boundary between Europe and Africa, subducting what was once part of the Tethys Ocean.

[@SoManyButtonshere]

Well that's not going to help global warming

[@logansfam]

And a strong earthquake in that area could cause an eruption of Vesuvius

[@amaranthlim3175]

Ibu volcano just being natural mine explosion

[@astronorthwet636]

They need to evacuate the island. If the rim above the town collapses you could have a modern Pompeii.

[@astronorthwet636]

🤔 Now can they still call it a Strombolian volcano😂

[@justna9516]

I think the core is spinning backwards while the earth continues to spin right

[@isidrochavez-ko4sv]

Genesis 7:20 New International Version 20 The waters rose and covered the mountains to a depth of more than fifteen cubits.[a][b] Read full chapter

[@TheDanEdwards]

Genesis is a non-historical book, redacted/compiled by the returned elite from Babylon to Jerusalem. It is intended to provide a back-story to justify the elite's rule over that region. In no sense should you take it face value.

[@wazaagbreak-head6039]

PLS commit seppuku

[@METATRONANGEL777]

bye bye humans, yall no longer needed

[@Satire-Gaming]

I have made stromboli a lot and it never exploded...

[@georgevavoulis4758]

Volcanic eruptions are easier to predthan earthquakes

[@pete6724]

I've never seen a volcano blow like this, this explosion is man made.

[@davidcranstone9044]

Entirely natural, and GH gives a clear explanation of how it came to blow like that.

[@luigip9216]

Ok, it makes perfect sense. You haven't seen a volcano erupting like that, so it's man made!

[@sigisoltau6073]

Oh really. You've never seen a volcano erupt like this? Let me guess. You've only seen the small lava eruptions right? Not the larger more massive explosive ash eruptions right? That would explain why you have the stupid notion or belief that this was man made.

[@xwiick]

So you clearly haven't seen many eruptions

[@paladancray7242]

GEEZ EH! Ole MAH EARTH Climate Change using Volcano’s ! IS it legal? Where are all the Grifter’s partying while this is going ON? Hmm?

[@TheDanEdwards]

Maybe you can take a geology class and learn something? Anyway, human-cause CO2 emissions are much larger than that from volcanoes these days.

[@kevingrimm5322]

Werbung Werbung Werbung Was ist euch eigentlich wichtig Werbung machen dabei Kohle machen, oder doch über eine Sache informieren die nicht so schnell berichtet werden...

[@andrewthomas405]

I blame the EU

[@TheGhungFu]

Get back to us when you have real photos/videos of this current eruption. This ain't 2019.

[@Train_Eat_Rest_Repeat]

This volcano is not well monitored - they take tourists up there nearly every day to watch the regular eruptions. I went there on a school trip once. About 10 years or so later I find out two hikers were killed by an event like this.

[@KAHHHH8548]

That voice what tf

[@joeserdynski1045]

Thanks ! ! !