Structures Recently Found Inside Earth's Mantle Shouldn't Exist

[@NeonVisual]

Crispy on the outside, sticky nougat under the surface, and a delicious fondue centre.

[@Tony-op6xf]

😂crunchy

[@koboDresden]

Calm down, Galactus!

[@davidconner-shover51]

Planet like a cherry chocolate?

[@KerrieRedgate]

Oh, that’s why the ETs are here! I knew there was something they were after. Earth is dessert!

[@fireball75677]

dude stop your making me want to buy a mars bar

[@wesspence]

I'd rather there be questions that can't be answered than answers that can't be questioned.

[@lonebikeroftheapocalypse9527]

😊👍🏼

[@fuhq5121]

We have plenty of those already.

[@johnsmith-ds5yt]

Well said!

[@2amichaelj]

You mean like modern science?

[@lelgazelle]

@@2amichaelj No.

[@davada123]

From what I understand, these structures exist because the core is not sphere of molten iron-nickel alloy like we were taught, but rather the pressure crystalizes the metal core. The crystals take a lot of pressure to form, but exist at significantly lower levels of pressure in it's crystal lattice state. The crystalized metal core grows geometrically (in a formation pattern called hexagonal close-packed or HCP) and when it extends enough, it loses that pressure, eventually decrystalizes, remelts, rejoins the core (because the alloy is denser than the liquid rock mantle) and this process is self perpetuating but very slow (cause it's so viscous down there). -This alloy crystal and the pressure exerted on it is what generates the EM field that allows life to exist on the surface of this sphere, through a process called piezoelectric conduction.- Edit: I believe I was wrong about our EM field. The iron crystals are seemingly incapable of piezoelectric conduction. The internal symmetry of the crystal is too uniform to allow it, where I previously thought it was just an inherent capability of all crystalized matter. There is also an abundance of free electrons, which I sounds like it would make things more electrically charged, but the free electrons inhibit such a system. Interestingly, in learning that I was wrong here, I also learned that bones can be piezoelectric, which is neat. Most scientists agree that the Earth's geodynamo, caused by convective motion of the molten outer core, remains the dominant mechanism for generating the magnetic field. The inner crystal core is wrapped by a molten core (I hate they are considered two layers of our core rather than giving the molten bit a different name and letting the crystal inner core just be the core, but whatever), the process of crystallization generates heat, keeping the outer core from solidifying, the molten core's convective currents, ie the motion of the outer core (and probably the friction is exudes on the inner core and inner mantle) create the field, if I understand things better now. Not piezoelectric, but still very interesting stuff.

[@rickgarcia7334]

Thank you. This is new to me and seems more logical to me.

[@oznews1]

Blar blar blar

[@Jungcheese1080]

Got it, there are massive crystalline caverns underneath our feet where advanced societies of reptilian species live.

[@joeybagodonuts6683]

😂That was great! So well worded. I was gasping for air I laughed so hard! The subtle sarcasm was just enough... excellent!

[@off6848]

@@joeybagodonuts6683what sarcasm? It makes more sense than a molten iron magnetic core. You can do the experiment at home take a blow torch to a magnet and tell me what happens to its magnetism. Hint: it loses it

[@johndough1703]

I love how he explains science to me like he's a squirrel holding a peanut

[@Nick-lh7wi]

It’s all I see now 🐿️ and it’s adorable 😂

[@CrankyGrandma]

I love Anton! His voice and mannerisms make this very accessible to me. I lose my attention watching a lot of videos but not these! He is a fantastic teacher.

[@Khn_2102]

Spot on

[@kittyhinkle3739]

That explains it all.

[@johneppstv]

The irony because squirrels don't share.

[@deadiemeyers1661]

Through the development of very sophisticated telescopes we have come to know a great deal about galaxies and stars that are so distant from us that our minds cannot even fathom the measurement. And yet, beyond twelve kilometers below our feet, our own planet's structure is mostly unknown and misunderstood. I hope you will continue to cover this subject!

[@stevea9604]

Exactly…For the cost of fuel it takes for one moon launch we could find so more about our oceans also

[@mapache-ehcapam]

Proportionally though, we don't know shit about the universe.

[@abebuckingham8198]

The universe is bright, but interior of the planet is dark.

[@timothyandrewnielsen]

No we haven't

[@davidconner-shover51]

@@abebuckingham8198 Are you sure?, how about white hot, where Iron flows with a lower viscosity than water, at least in the core anyways

[@moragmacgregor6792]

Anton! Long time, no see. I've missed you. My life has changed in recent years and I've had to concentrate on different things like moving into a nursing home (bummer, I know, but I'm 71 and can't live alone anymore). This is AWESOME. I took an interest in earth science one summer over 50 years ago. I didn't pursue it as a career but I retained a keen interest. I never dreamed we'd be making such unexpected discoveries in the 21st century. I'm so pleased to be learning about them from you. I love anomalies ❤

[@karieberry1070]

You sound like a wonderful person

[@richd1944]

Bless your heart and I hope you have a wonderful day

[@MinorLG]

He's been uploading almost daily videos for a while.

[@moragmacgregor6792]

@@MinorLG I know but I've been absent because life

[@MinorLG]

@moragmacgregor6792 Oh, in that case, if anything, Anton's been missing you.

[@Member3285]

Thanks!

[@KORRE760]

Holy guacamole!

[@NarrowPancakes]

HOLY COW

[@BobHenry-u9e]

shit can I get a hundred too 😭😂

[@YES-IM-TROLLING]

Its good to see people that are blessed to give.... blessings to you

[@karieberry1070]

Bless you 1000 fold for being a generous soul !! ❤️

[@avi_arihant]

We finally found Middle-Earth!

[@bluebird3281]

What a ridiculous thing to say on science channel. Clearly it is the Underdark and filled with Drow!

[@WalterStanley-zf6lo]

No, Pellucidar

[@chicojcf]

it just took, time.

[@cosmicraysshotsintothelight]

Can we toss Felon Mucks and Trump back down there?

[@bluebird3281]

@@cosmicraysshotsintothelight Trump isn't from middle earth he is from Camelot. Trump is the once and future king returned to heal the land.

[@jayclark8284]

As an old amateur rock hound from the Pacific North West, I absolutely loved this video Anton. I remember in the 70s being taught the "theory" of plate tectonics but my teacher being highly sceptical about it. It was so logical but people don't like change. Glad we're developing our geologic knowledge still, all these years later!

[@allhopeabandon7831]

Same...I like seeing geologists feathers get ruffled when Randal Carson changes the timeframe of the Grand Canyon to around 10k years ago...the egoes of scientists are not supposed to overrule their ability to accept new possibilities, especially when it challenges their religion (atheism) and they are slme of the most faithful and devout followers of any dogma I have ever seen.

[@nomadned9349]

Its where godzilla lives

[@ZiggaRats]

History shows again and again how nature points out the folly of man

[@eddiebrown192]

I was going to say aliens but I like your idea better, let’s go with that one 👍

[@DaveLopez575]

Kaijustan

[@GrinninPig]

Godzilla is exist?

[@deebee4575]

@@GrinninPigOf course he does.

[@Member3285]

Mr. Petrov, you've been at this for years. I really appreciate the approach and dedication to science. Our planet needs so many more like you. I also thank your family for sharing your time with us, I appreciate them too! Thank you.

[@8_x_9.]

A continent slipped under Europe?😮 Is it true?

[@TallTrees8]

Totally Agree❤🎉

[@fighterscorner6787]

Joking aside Anton is brilliant I love his videos let’s hope he makes a lot of money because he deserves it and he his very passionate about his subjects

[@lonetraveller9377]

Thanks

[@doltsbane]

Magrathean watermarks. If they find one under Norway keep an eye out for Slartibartfarst's signature.

[@willtricks9432]

Today sir, you win. Thanks for the reminder of a Mind that was nearly as mad as the Universe we inhabit. Cheers

[@benvandermerwe4934]

👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻⚡🍻🇿🇦

[@MrGoesBoom]

You deserve more likes! Shamed to say it took me a second to remember where I recognized the names from. Obviously time to dust off my copy of the books and re-read em

[@willtricks9432]

@@MrGoesBoom If you like HHGTTG is on this platform read by the man himself.

[@realhoranj]

Awesome sauce. Id forgotten all about Slartibartfarst

[@andycocchia4202]

Having come across this randomly on my feed I was very skeptical at the beginning. Spent about 20 minutes looking for information about this. Thanks for the insight. This is now gonna lead me down a rabbit hole starting at 2:10am. Good thing it’s Friday and I don’t work weekends lol

[@heythereuzi]

Where you at with the rabbit hole?

[@xmajin8871]

waiting for the rabbit hole exploration updates

[@johnt.inscrutable1545]

Anton is the GOAT for a wide range of true scientific discoveries. He can be trusted to present real and meaningful information.

[@knoelle1357]

Yeah you should look up Mr Mythos video on the subject of hollow earth and underground cities.

[@lokischeissmessiah5749]

Ohh you were skeptical, you must be a renowned scientist in mantle geophysics that's cool :O ...strange that you earned such status from just googling alone at 2:10 am in the mornings though.

[@alanlietzke5738]

Speaking as an 80 yo retired physicist, when it becomes too difficult to understand certain data, there comes a time to reexamine ones assumptions. One assumption, which might be blinding otherwise brilliant minds on the subject of this video, is the widely believed and widely taught age of the earth, which makes it difficult to understand how such crust-anisotropies could still exist today, after hundreds of millions of years of folding, grinding and refolding, after condensing and cooling from its primordial origin.

[@deo8709]

So you're saying its younger?

[@alanlietzke5738]

@@deo8709 Yes, if the earth were millions of years old (like widely taught and believed, its core uranium would have long since decayed and solidified, prohibiting any dynamo-generated magnetic field, nor would one find measurable amounts of C-14 in the deepest diamond and coal mines. Furthermore, if the sun were as old as conjectured, it would have long since used up its hydrogen, with no protons or deuterons within its solar wind. This would have caused the sun to shrink, in order to start fusing heavier elements, which according to present theories of Splar evolution, which I was taught at UC Berkeley, would have caused an expansion of the sun which would have consumed both Mercury and Venus, and fried the earth. These events have not happened yet. Moreover, if the universe was as old as conjectured, all the spiral galaxies would be all smeared out or disordered by collisions with nearby galaxies The 2nd law of thermodynamics has never been observed to be disobeyed. The problem, which causes many brilliant minds to stumble is their emotional need to deny a beginning and external creator. Even Einstein denied a beginning, until Wilson showed him photos of deep space taken at Palomar. While most physicists presently accept a beginning, most still ignore the evidence of its relative youth, especially of the earth, where measurements are relatively easy, like those, which this video reported. Indeed, the closer we physicists look, the more mysteries remain unexplained by present day theories. This has been true since Galileo saw 6 moons orbiting Jupiter, which contradicted the solar theories of his day.

[@alessandroparma741]

Funny how these huge underlying assumptions are never questioned. Almost like they shouldn't

[@Crispbac]

​@deo8709 gotta read his comment again. He didn't say that. Questioning underlying assumptions when you have a mountain of individual "anomalies" that either don't make sense or are completely opposite current foundational assumptions is standard scientific method. If he did say that, is there an issue with that? If so, why?

[@baytiedye]

I love science. Regardless of the field and how much we know, there seems to always be something massive we miss that dramatically shifts our understanding of everything

[@nickbrough8335]

Basically we keep improving the resolution of our instrumental detectors, providing ever more detailed finer grained data. This shows processes which we understood based on large scale models, need to be more subtle as we see the fine details. Naturally it follows some of the initial theories will prove to be garbage as we collect new higher resolution data. Plate tectonics is a great example. The continents appeared to align across oceans, and we then got geological data that appeared to show coherent geology on either side as well. However, the mainstream science couldn’t accept continental drift because there was no mechanism to explain how it could happen. We eventually got that data in the 1960s. A long journey.

[@wewillworld522]

Some sciences don’t want to be serious in order to keap in paradigm dreams… unfortunatly

[@nickbrough8335]

@ its a balance. For example, many now think String Theory which has dominated physics since the 1960s/70s is garbage and completely wrong. If correct, then a lot of effort will have been wasted. You just cant accept a theory because its “nice” it needs to have a mechanisms and supporting data that shows it is correct (at least at that point). Human fail because ego and pride gets in the way and we’re slow (sometimes never) to change our minds and accept new data. As a result, we also gatekeep what gets funded for the same reasons. That slows down or even halts the advance if new ideas.

[@bryguy306]

Science, as process, is great. The way science is practiced in the current age is not. Research needs funding; which means special interest. A popularity contest. Whoever has the most money, will then in turn have the most “science.” Why else do 90% of “scientific studies” have a favorable outcome towards the body that funded the study in the first place? We’ve tied human advancement to the same essential process as a political campaign. With the same results.

[@nickbrough8335]

@@bryguy306 whilst i agree, a lot of science requires access to expensive facilities which have finite availability rather than the basic bog standard lab of the period up to the 1960s or an office to think in. Its inevitable that a competition has to be held and than those that pay for the research, whether funding councils, Govt, military or commercial, have their own ideas of what is important and/or a value for money investment. Add to that, universities now compete against each other for funding, facilities and students, and require academics to “prove” their worth using publications as a key metric. Worse, universities produce more PhD students than research jobs available. I’m really not sure that any other system would really be any better in practice. That said, it would help if the funding process was more open minded towards new ideas, but then if those don’t pan out, too many would claim the failed research wasn’t valuable.

[@nebula0024]

I'm subscribed to a LOT of channels on KZbin, but yours is one of the channels I look forward to the most. Thank you for all the work you put into these videos! 😄

[@kelliv2995]

❤ That's really sweet ❤

[@Reoh0z]

Because of location, every day I enjoy Anton's company over breakfast.

[@JohnSanborn-y2n]

And he's been doing this for a long long time🙂

[@Mister_42]

I’m right on top of one of the darkest parts of one of these anomalies right now, as represented in one of the graphics in this video. I can report with 100% certainty that it’s a bit weird, something’s going on that I don’t know about and nothing I know can explain it. I can’t tell the difference between this place and all the other places, didn’t even know there was one until now, but that’s the vibe I get from here, deep in the thick of this emerging situation. If what I’m seeing right now is anything to go by, it’s lovely - the sun’s shining, there’s a light breeze and all the fancy people on holiday look pleased.

[@paulspaws1521]

Agree, this fellow is great, he's a wonderful person lol

[@mandoleenebando429]

Extraterrestrials been living deep inside earth for thousands of years

[@PetaSanford]

Crystal palaces.😊😊

[@Mushaboom8855]

Making them then Intraterrestrial beings, not Extraterrestrial

[@mandoleenebando429]

@@Mushaboom8855 both

[@danieljoseph2617]

**Cough** nephilim

[@boomerang0101]

@@Mushaboom8855no they are extraterrestrials bcz they are the extras. We are the main inhabitants of Earth 🌍

[@Good_Horsey]

Flat-Earthers had their 15 minutes and then some, 2025 will be the year of the hollow-Earthers.

[@Mechulus]

The earth is flat. It’s a 2d plane wrapped around a sphere.

[@user-kn4it6zr9o]

Year of the empty heads.😂

[@RB-ej8wk]

ehh it would be progress at least. small steps

[@mysterbear]

Honeycombs and enormous caves. It’s not hollow, and (obviously) there’s no internal sun… which is dumb.

[@wabalubadubdubdub]

​@Mechulus I cant explain to you that that is a sphere.bro it's a SPHERE.

[@avgejoeschmoe2027]

I saw a video on YT about 7 yrs ago of a geophysicists lecture on the last global catastrophe. He suggested that during a global event (caused by large asteroid impacts or very close passing celestial body, etc) that the entire earth was subjected to Volcanic and earthquake and tsunami events beyond our comprehension. Continental plates moving a METERS PER SECOND (the break up of Pangea) slamming into each other causing the raising of mountain ranges and subduction of some entire edges down into the mantle (some the size of continents) He had pretty good evidence of that theory and the last couple decades, using sonar type shockwave recording from two different points, determined the size and depth. Very thought provoking lecture.

[@whaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa]

Earth history is most definitely long periods of quiet slow change between periods of catastrophic change. In stratigraphy there are what is known as Sloss Sequences or Cratonic Sequences which are the large scale global rise and falls of sea level over geologic time. These changes in sea level are far larger than what can be explained by glaciation and deglaciation alone - the 400' sea level rise at the end of the last glacial period is small in comparison and that sea level change itself is twice as much as would happen if all the remaining ice melted. The only other widely accepted idea is that the ocean basins themselves uplift enough to flood over much of the continental crust. There are still a lot of unknowns when it comes to our planet.

[@scottzehrung4829]

Immanuel Velikovsky had some interesting theories.

[@WickeD72]

If some are remnant's of major impacts that haven't yet become homogenous with the mantle then they are more recent than anyone would want to admit.

[@TheMookie1590]

yup, and i believe the ancients were advanced too. and the last time this happened it wiped them out. when you look at the entire giza complex and other so called tombs with sophisticaed precision. and now were finding alloys under electron microscopes. saw marks that is obvious technology was used. egyptoplist cant build anything, but claim to know how stuff was made. the engineers and scientists are re looking at this stuff. its becoming obvious they were advanced. the sphinx is atleast 12k years old, that isnt up for debate anymore. a lot of these places do end up looking more like bunkers, and they knew this was going to happen. leaving their marks for future humans if any survived.

[@Willy_Tepes]

Earth has been hit by many such objects, but if you suggest that one may have hit in historic time, you are called a creationist. I have conclusive evidence from satellite and Lidar images, but "scientists" brush it off because they learned something else in school.

[@bystandersarah]

Our home is so beautiful and magnificent ❤🌎🌍🌏❤

[@JonathanWholohan-ks6en]

Broken off slabs from historic Wadati-Beniof zones, perhaps? Fascinating subject. Thanks, Anton.

[@aresaurelian]

It is like saying that "there are continents on the planet, but they shouldn't contain anything, yet we see a lot of stuff that shouldn't be there." The Earth is a HUGE place. Compare the tiny volume of surface of Earth with the vast deep layers upon layers within it. It is like flying low and slow on google maps from Britain to japan over the entire continent of Asia but going straight down into the earth, realizing how incredibly huge volumes of all kinds of ancient and distinct features are within it. The ancient structures are like unique sets of primordial remains of every world which could have been before our solar system gobbled up the pieces. I would guess they are fragments of cores of huge stellar objects which crashed into proto-earth as it formed.

[@joelpassey1250]

W♡W. Your amazing.... Th8ak you. .

[@stuiek8044]

I wish I just clicked "show less" on this comment and moved on. Bad analogys and vague, uneducated guessing shouldn't contain so many words.

[@aresaurelian]

@@stuiek8044 Tell us your best analogue then, be more precise. Give us your educated guess.

[@Fargus-ut3kt]

@@stuiek8044wah wah wah omg cry somewhere else please this space is for grown adults

[@allhopeabandon7831]

This is why I take science with a grain of salt. Theories are built on information and other theories that, if disproven, will cascade like dominoes. Science of late has suffered from a bit of a narcissistic tendency to being questioned, hence we have stars that are older than the universe, and great miscalculations in cosmological distance. Scientists need to rein in their egoes a bit, and learn some humility...especially in the fields of cosmology, archeology, geology, biology, and 'anthropology' (the worst of them all...as every bone fragment from every ancient ape becomes the most sensationalized new 'missing link' in human evolution, and they will build an entire lucy around it.)

[@SidheTendencies]

I loved this. Thank you. Its so delightful to hear someone speak intentionally without bias, suggesting to others to remain open minded and curious.

[@danoblue]

All this says is that our theories of the earth's inner construction do not explain what we now see. In other words, we have to follow the evidence to decide whether to fine-tune our theories to account for the anomalies observed or postulate something else which fits with what we are observing. In any case, given the difficulties of observing the inner structure of our planet, it's not surprising that we could be at least partially mistaken. Good video.

[@Kronicdice23]

I appreciate this comment. So many people subscribe to the fact that we have everything figured out in our world. That is far far from the case. Many mysteries still await us.

[@tubeorip]

@@Kronicdice23 100% agree. So much arrogance in science today not enough humility.

[@GizzyDillespee]

Err... Earth science models are updated and improved with the addition of new data all the time. Weather forecasting, for example, has become much more accurate over the past 30 years. Same with the internal dynamics of the planet... the science is not even close to complete, and the scientists acknowledge that. That's why we still pay for scientific research - to improve our understanding of the planet on which we liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiive.

[@ReiseLukas]

To make it more simple, he's saying the inner construction of Earth is more complex than previously thought.

[@timefilm]

No one can be bothered to study the crustal age map and put plate techtonics to rest once and for all.

[@richardmourdock2719]

Dr. Karen Sigloch of France is largely credited with the creation of seismic tomography. She is brilliant and her discoveries will lead to results well beyond her lifetime. Someone once said "If it's not raised on a farm, it's found in a mine" to indicate the importance of geology. Few every wonder where the next mineral discovery will come from or how it will be used by mankind. The absurd attitude that "mother earth" cannot be drilled or mined needs to change because it is the ONLY source of resources for mankind. Great post Anton!

[@brucehearn2621]

I first heard of Dr. Sigloch and these structures on Nick Zentner’s YT channel a year or so ago.

[@richardmourdock2719]

@@brucehearn2621 Oh yes, I'm a Zentnerd, too.

[@dion8962]

Asteroids are potentially resource rich for mankind as well.

[@kengrow3992]

It shows your quality of character that you continually state these are educated guesses. This is what we believe currently. As opposed to so many scientific minded people who try and push their theories as facts

[@walternullifidian]

I love it when we find out that we have more to learn about the Earth and the cosmos! 🌍🌎🌏

[@justsayin3600]

Ecclesiastes 3:11 Basically saying if we could live forever, we still couldn't understand everything. What's even more profound is, if we could live forever the brain has the capacity to store all that knowledge and experience.😮

[@theobserver9131]

We are not in danger of running out of things we don't know any time soon. Compared to all there is to know, we have barely begun. I think I might be sad to find out that there is nothing else to learn, but I'm not worried about that ever happening. And no Mr justsaying, our brains can NOT store all that knowledge. That's the silliest thing I've heard today.

[@theobserver9131]

@@justsayin3600 The only thing that could possibly store all knowledge about the universe, is the whole universe itself.

[@theobserver9131]

@@justsayin3600 You are right that we can't understand everything. Our brains are pretty neat things, but hardly omniscient.

[@timefilm]

Most scientists don’t. They hate it when you go against their beliefs.

[@stevereightler4126]

Dr. John R. Baumgardner, who worked at the Los Alamos Laboratory, wrote an excellent paper on his research and 3-D numerical modeling in spherical geometry of the Earth’s mantle and lithosphere to demonstrate that rapid plate tectonics driven by runaway subduction would explain these structures.

[@Mark-Hum]

Baumgardner, also shows that due to the colder temps of the subjected oceanic plate material, that the subduction event is recent in geographic history. Otherwise the material would have warmed to much higher temps like the surrounding magma.

[@destruction74]

Kudos to the person who traveled to the center of the Earth and made these discoveries!

[@ELEMtheMC]

Did anyone shrink themselves with a tiny little spaceship to discover DNA?

[@Lolifail01]

We’ve ventured far into the universe, mapping galaxies millions of light-years away, but the secrets buried kilometers beneath us remain largely uncharted. It’s a stark reminder of how much there’s still to uncover. I look forward to seeing more on this!

[@kidflash5163]

Take a wild guess as to why cause there's always a why

[@Xfacter]

Comment stolen?

[@Erik_Swiger]

The term "structures" made me think that these were some sort of man-made structures, and even though this video was about something entirely different, now I'd like to see a video about any unusual things found in places where they shouldn't exist, out-of-place artifacts and such. With today's technology to view into layers of earth, I'll bet there are some surprises waiting for us.

[@tommy-er6hh]

So this video adds this to my understanding of the Earth: [note about 1,000 km down there are large stiff structures. Some scientist think are subducted in the past, but others they have no idea.] My understanding of the Earth insides [any mistakes are mine, please tell me]: 2 Inner cores The pressure inside actually makes the atomic electron shells smaller, with results in different chemistry/crystallization, especially for first 16 elements. - innermost inner core: 640 km diameter, mostly iron? older super ionic mushy “solid” inner core with wrinkles at one "crystallization" orientation 54 degrees off of next, about 7,000 degree Celsius. -uncertain boundary layer? - iron & nickel? the second younger super ionic mushy solid inner core at a different "crystallization" orientation near N/S which lets quake waves go through faster in that direction. Both inner cores may rotate faster than our surface, and they can slow speeds as they oscillate. They also wobble slightly, possibly affecting the Magnetic North pole. They seem to be “super ionic” with Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon elements changing/flowing around a hexagonal Iron base, making it “mushy”. Again: together they sometimes spin faster than Outer Core or Mantle/crust and sometimes slower over a period of about 6 years. - next a solid/liquid transition zone where crystallization for second inner core is forming- mostly under Indonesia. The heat released by this crystallization heats the outer core, making it more liquid. Outer core (5100 km down) 5000 degree Celsius to 3000 degree - then the iron & nickel plastic "liquid" turbulent outer core which scientist think gives us most of the planetary magnetic field. There are E/W magnetic waves near Mantle that goes around about 7 years. - there maybe silica based “snow” that is displaced/rises up as iron sinks? - the outside of the spherical outer core seems to have a Seismic low velocity equatorial torus, a doughnut just inside the Outer core like a belt, thought to be made up of lighter elements. - Scientist think that maybe all 3 cores may have a surprising amount of Sulfur? Transition D” or E’ (2900 km down) - the the mysterious semisolid D” or E prime boundary transition zone/shell which reflects some quake waves. Mantle/Mesosphere (from 350 km down to 2890 km) from 410 degree Celsius to almost 3000 degree. At very base the mostly stiff lower “dry” mantle, with: - a very thin (5 km to less than 50 km) layer of ultra LOW velocity (very stiff) zones [ULVZ] material is scattered around the planet, biggest under Hawaii. These correlate with subduction zones. - also there are thin ultra HIGH velocity (very fluid) zones [UHVZ], mainly under North and South America, cause unknown. - Also there are large/huge low shear velocity [LLVP] (more stiff) provinces (blobs) flattish under the Pacific ocean equator (maybe higher density?), with some other fragments, and also under southern Africa of which part of province climb upwards (it maybe lighter/less dense?). The majority mineral at this level is thought to be Perovskite/Bridgmanite, besides the special blobs. Transition [note about 1,000 km down there are large stiff structures. Some scientist think are subducted in the past, but others they have no idea] - about 600-1000 miles down another “wet” transition zone. With more water than on the surface altogether, chemically mixed with Ringwoodite. This maybe a source of movement on surface tectonics. -This is also the home of the oscillating Barycenter of Earth/Moon/Sun system. The Moon and Earth rotate around this point, which slides around under the surface. -There is also a lot of Majorite. -The upper layer of the transition zone is probably Wadsleite mixed with Majorite. - the upper “dry” mantle (about 1/3 of mantle). Majority mineral thought here is Olivine and Garnet . Transition (410-600 km down) - another transition zone. Olivine and Garnet are still majority here. Asthenosphere (100-350 km thick) - then the the less pressured plastic magma asthenosphere, thought to be the source of most the tectonic plate movements above. Still Olivine and Garnet are majority here. Lithosphere (including crust goes down to 100-200 km) and crust (5 under oceans to 70 km thick continents), up to 410 degree Celsius. - the mostly rigid/stiff lithosphere including: upper most mantle & the crust (broken into moving tectonic plates.), thicker for lighter continents, thinner for heavier oceans bottoms.

[@clintlehmann242]

You know a lot bout earth structure. Very cool very interesting 👍 where did u learn so much

[@tommy-er6hh]

@@clintlehmann242 Internet, including this video for new stuff.

[@tommy-er6hh]

​@@clintlehmann242 Here is the other half of info for Earth: for some items do an image searches for some great pics. Surface - Water oceans, land and only planetary life so far found. Moon & Sun affect ocean tides and land a teeny bit. Air - Sun expands atmosphere outward by heat and cool at night shrinking it, Moon & Sun also tidally affect atmosphere by gravity. Troposphere : 0-10 miles, most life, most weather, lightning. Upper troposphere is source of ice Halos, Sun Dogs, upside down rainbows, moon rings and other ice based illuminations. Lightning, ball lightning, & plasma discharged St Elmo’s fire seen here. Stratosphere : 11-31 miles, contains ozone layer (15km/9 mi-35km/22 mi), some weather including: polar stratosphere clouds/nacre; oxygen cold plasma blue jets, blue pixies and outward cones of invisible Gamma rays with electron/positron beams (aka black lightning) - all from Troposphere lightning which causes an electrical imbalance in Stratosphere. Rare Super sprites start from stratosphere up to the ionosphere have up to 100,00 times the energy of lightning. Mesosphere : 32-85 miles, some weather including: polar mesosphere clouds/nacre; Cold plasma/High nitrogen caused Red sprites, Halos, faint ELVES - all from lightning/electricity in the air. NASA/USAF says 80 km/50 mi. is space!Karman line at 100 km/60 mi. is European space line. Some Aurora come from Mesosphere. Most 'meteoric ablation' occurs between about 75 and 110 km (45 to 70 mi) of altitude, and directly injects metal atoms in the atmosphere. This causes the neutral Sodium Layer 80-105 km (50-65 mi) up, 5 km (3.1 mi) thick, seen as orange glow by astronauts made by left overs from micro meteorites. There are other metallic vapor iron (Fe), potassium (K) and very thin calcium (Ca) layers, the iron layer is about 55 miles (88 km) altitude and about 2 miles thick. Below these layers they form compounds/dust, and above ions. Thermo-sphere/Ionosphere: 86-370 miles (upper border can increase to 1,000 km/640 mi when sun spots/flares are active). Many Ions. Aurora mostly are in this Ionosphere, many satellites also in the upper part. Air glow/night glow colors give off green color at lowest level then red ending at higher Thermo-sphere at UV & purple. Ambipolar electric field: 250-768 km (155-477 mi) is a very low strength (about ½ a volt) electric field responsible for the Polar Wind of supersonic ionic Hydrogen leaving the polar Ionosphere. Exosphere: 370 miles (lower border can increase to 1,000 km/640 mi when sun is active) to 10,000 km+ to 630,000 km/391,000 mi+ as a tail, Exosphere varies from sun side to tail side of magnetosphere, filling the magnetosphere. Moon goes through the exosphere as it goes through the tail of the Magnetosphere. Plasma sphere: The inner torus part of the Magnetosphere starting right above the Ionosphere up to 2-6 earth radii (depending on tidal effects from the moon) where it has the plasma pause edge; the plasma sphere is filled with cold plasma from the Sun ultraviolet on the ionosphere, it also stops some high energy particles and is responsible for radio whistlers. The plasma sphere overlaps/surrounds the inner Van Allen radiation belt. Part of the Plasma drifts out of the sphere/torus and expands towards the Sun. And every 27 days as the Sun rotates and shoots a Fast Solar Wind to the Earth, eroding the Plasma sphere. The moon gravity also affects the Plasma sphere giving it tides. Inner Van Allen radiation belt at 1000 km/620 mi (down to 200 km near Brazil by the magnetic hole) to 12,000 km/7500 mi. It is mostly electrons and high energy protons (bare hydrogen nuclei) from solar wind and beta decay of neutrons. Outer Van Allen radiation belt at 13,000 km/81,000 mi to 60,000 km/37,000 mi. It is mostly very high energy electrons and ions of Oxygen and alpha particles (bare helium atoms w/o electrons) from solar wind. [Sometimes there is a 3rd Van Allen radiation belt mostly of near relativistic (1/2 light speed) particles that lasts about a month after a major solar ejection hits Earth. ] Roche limit is the point at which a orbiting object breaks up into a ring around the planet, depending on objects mass and rigidity, limits are 9,500 km (hard moon) to 34,000 km (some fluffy comets). Geocrorona: varies 100,000 km/62,000 mi to 200,000/124,000 mi a faint glow of ultraviolet radiation scattered by hydrogen atoms, mostly in the exosphere tail. Magnetosphere: goes from Earth's outer core 50x strong to surface 1x to about 65,000 km/40,000 mi on sun side where it is compressed, up to about 6 Million km/4 Million mi out on the night side/tail. Sun & Solar Wind affect the shape of the Magnetosphere, pushing it back from sun side and dragging it out in a long tail away from Sun.

[@davidgoodnow269]

That's fascinating! I think that must be a very condensed overview; my own studies of geology, seismology, and vulcanism as part of planetology are very out-of-date with few updates in the past three decades. Might I inquire to courses or books you can recommend?

[@brianboe3774]

You don’t expect anyone to read all that !!! Do you?

[@braedenbelgrove9878]

i been down there and all i gotta say is to not worry about it . i got this whole earths core thing under control

[@littv1610]

Never doubted you broski

[@byronedwards8157]

The obvious answer you suggested; Remnants of planet Theia. Underground mountains. Which means underground caves. The real question is what thickness and ventilation would allow liquid water to exists that deep? Can we use a seismic plasmoid spectrometer to determine if any chemosynthetic organisms live that deep? Is this how we will first discover life on other planets?

[@stuartfoster9693]

Flat Earth , God said the Earth does Not Move ! Any Christian’s out there believe What God SAID ! ?

[@gdawgc311]

God did not tell you that. As a child of god why not work to understand what he has left us and not what we assume he told us. ❤​@@stuartfoster9693

[@LightCheck70]

@@stuartfoster9693 God told me today that the earth moves and is round. You have old information, sorry human or AI.

[@PineSap]

Most likely, I heard they are sending Clipper to Europa as the way the planet contracts and expands during its orbit suggests liquid water beneath the surface

[@madProgenitorDeity]

yeah this

[@yomogami4561]

thanks anton it's always fun to see things about earth and the universe that we don't know about

[@MsMisty-zt3lq]

It is so much fun being part of these discoveries!

[@nicholasgarrett8594]

You're right, these explanations are not concrete, they're rock solid!

[@Marcoffs83]

looool

[@quadsmopolitan6854]

Thank you, Wonderful Person!

[@CentientBeing]

Those structures are a result of magma displacement from tectonic plate shifts throughout the planet's life cycle, some of which have already hardened and some still soft from recent tectonic shift which explains why we have been having a lot of under water volcanos and siezmic activity lately, the very reason for recent earthquakes.

[@EminenceFrontX5]

Awesome episode. Thank you. Epic. We look towards the stars when we not know where we stand.

[@danthemansmail]

The more we learn, the less we know. At least that's the way it feels sometimes.

[@martinsportfoto2423]

I recognize the feeling, but I would phrase it differently ... "The more we learn, the more we realize just how mindboggingly complex the world actually is." 🙂

[@deltaskyhawk]

What I say is "What you know today will be obsolete tomorrow."

[@zperdek]

The more we learn, the more we understand how much is there to learn.

[@Oblithian]

It's more that a lot of obviously incorrect theories are treated like knowledge rather than supposition.

[@Reoh0z]

Answers lead to more questions, allowing our knowledge to grow.

[@biwilty]

Fascinating. Thanks for making YT a place worth from learn and inspire

[@GU-mx1gi]

💯🎯🙌

[@larryjimbob]

I've always wondered if the earth has layers like a Chinese puzzle ball? But in this case some layers are bonded by friction, some physically connected, but all is influenced by different viscosity of fluids around them?

[@larryjimbob]

Anything molten would have a different viscosity to water for example to make myself clearer I hope.

[@BeKindToBirds]

I think that makes a lot of sense

[@rossnolan7283]

Your animation of the continents ( in green) separating reminded me of the similar animations on the expanding Earth theory and your later comments about no subduction being found adds to the suspicion that these anomalies are somehow related.

[@sheariley1910]

Once again, Anton is here to say "once again".

[@orctrihar]

Once again

[@FairyFrequency]

Interesting discoveries. Sending love and peaceful energy from the creeks and woodland of Missouri.

[@therealjdbock]

I know this might be controversial, but we need to re-examine the assumption that the Earth is 4.5 billion years old. Too often, "science" builds hypotheses on top of other hypotheses that are themselves unproven, without ever questioning the original premise. Ignoring this is not only unscientific-it’s absurd.

[@zrakonthekrakon494]

I agree, but if we assumed the Earth was younger, would this resolve this finding or how might it change the course of the research?

[@queendomofethelpodcast4662]

I would say 90% of science in ALL fields is built on unproven science

[@sharkbait5557]

@@zrakonthekrakon494oh, YOUNGER is the way your thought process goes, that makes sense yeah

[@sharkbait5557]

Actually not really. While I’m not the person to hand it to you, we have plenty of provable evidence that the earth is as old as we know it to be and was formed the way we know it to have formed Generally, if you find just ONE paper or video supporting your point, that’s the theory that isn’t very well supported. Scientists love discovering things and they love even more to have their name tagged to that discovery, so if you find a study scientists refuse to associate with you can rest assured it’s a ridiculous study

[@trifhoratiumarius478]

Younger and flat

[@Sadioli]

Oh no it's Agartha

[@Guy-Mann]

It's now only a matter of time until the pale ones break open the sealed chamber and unleash the dead gods of forgotten ages, ruining Earth for everyone, because they're complete spoilsports. (This is a reference to a niche videogame I am not a schizo(well I am but not in this way))

[@sakuraorihime3374]

@@Guy-Mann whats the name of the game o3o

[@Guy-Mann]

@sakuraorihime3374 The Dominions series by Illwinter games. It's like playing a house rules game of Risk with an international coven of bath salts downing esotericist wiccans, by email, with excel spreadsheets. Have fun.

[@sakuraorihime3374]

Oh, its strategy, nice! Thanks, man! Another to the steam wishlist...

[@mariaangelicabrunellsolar7086]

Very interesting discovery, thank you!

[@Funkylogic]

Remnants of the Silurian civilization. More specifically the giant world wide shopping mall they built that became defunct and forgotten when they all started shopping online.

[@lefty22l]

Now it's a portal to the backrooms lol

[@ThisPartIsAndrew]

Born too late to fully appreciate HG Wells Born too early to build subterranean cities where we never grow cold

[@Probeionic]

"Somewhat unusual" i like the calmly delivered and extensive understatement.

[@sno4439]

It's strange that people start looking for these things once the polar shift was realised... It was never noticed before because people weren't looking. People refuse to believe that pole shift was even possible. What now

[@joechip4822]

Thats the main flaw of all science, the way we do it now... Questions that are not being asked can of course not become answered. And there are MANY gatekeepers and financial factors that determine which question are allowed to be asked...

[@stargazer5784]

​@@joechip4822That's a line of thinking used to support conspiracy theories. "They don't want you to know the truth! ". Boondoggle!!!

[@joshm3342]

Don't know what you're talking about. I learned about pole shifts & reversals decades ago.

[@michaelstiller2282]

Not really. As Anton expressed. Because of the accessibility of the sensors to be accessible by the Internet, and having access to a supercomputer, (renting one is 1,000 to 5,000 dollars an hour.) the science became available. When the cost was cheep enough. Some of these places are so remote there is no internet.

[@hiwelcometochillis2579]

He said in another video the shift is common and go back forward and then again eyc

[@andrewsmall7243]

As a mere youtube informed person interested in earth science I have posed this question in comments and never got an answer..Is seabed flexibility well understood enough to allow for sea level change to be so accurately modeled, calculated and predicted? It seems to be simply explained and generally accepted as - ice melts.. sea level rises. Could seabeds over the earths surface flex to accomodate an increased weight/ volume of water and thus, very very generaly speaking maintain a rough equilibrium between seas and land masses? Could this explain why continents even when allowing for errosion still aproximately fit together after moving so far away from each other? (I learnt somewhere that even the weight of rainfall on an area can cause a distortion that can be measured). Genuine questions. No sniggering at the back or name calling please!

[@bobinthewest8559]

If you’re asking if the seabed can “sag”, thus allowing the ocean to hold more water without a rise in sea level… I don’t think so. The earth’s crust (including the seabeds) “floats” on top of the mantle. In order to deform the seabed (or any part of the crust really) by placing anything on top of it… whatever you placed on top of it would have to be of a vastly greater density than the mantle. I’m not a geologist or anything… just a random guy on the internet giving you my best guess at an answer to your question.

[@andrewsmall7243]

@@bobinthewest8559 Thank you for taking the time to respond to my comment. ..A first! Could the seabed not deform in the same way as an iron girder sagging in the middle? I still feel that sea level change - ice melts=sea level rise seems a bit too simplistic. I have also seen other talks that show how gravity, temperature, tidal forces etc also affect land and seas. The new findings Anton describes here must be yet another factor that will complicate the equation..Perhaps it is only us "random guys" who can dare to raise and discuss such points? Thanks again Bob and Anton. (im in the far north btw)

[@moonkoon4596]

Ice is said to depress the crust with rebound occurring when it melts so one could imagine water having a similar effect. And perhaps variations in the buoyancy of the underlying mantle could also affect the seabed level.

[@suecollins9775]

Great question

[@andrewsmall7243]

@@moonkoon4596 Those are other interesting points to add. Plus there are all of the other "Unknown knowns - the ones we dont know we dont know" (D. Rumsfeld, 2002). My exerpt might be clumsy and not be as relevant as it sounds to me, cos im not clever enough! Full quote on Wikipedia might make more sense.

[@dramaqueen4640]

Ty Anton for updating us.

[@bigpostie]

Maybe the tictac ufos come from inside the earth. Maybe advanced life existed way before we did a few billion years ago on earth. Maybe there's a few remaining technological remnants doing things deep below the surface. Maybe the remnants are nice and almost never interfere with the surface.

[@TravellinOn2010]

Exactly they just come out for a pizza and beer run every now and then.

[@Willy_Tepes]

"Trust the experts" Yeah, I'm beginning to doubt the experts.

[@douglaswilkinson5700]

Listen to the astrophysicists, planetary scientists, astrobiologists, et al, that Fraser Cain interviews.

[@moreicestreaming]

You're still better off trusting the experts than some boomer that has "studied at the school of life" on their Facebook profile. The experts aren't always right but they're the closest to being right.

[@poindextertunes]

you cant trust anything that involves money, sadly

[@gangstalker5461]

The fact that scientific consensus can change is evidence of its trustworthiness…

[@Willy_Tepes]

@ So I am supposed to believe the experts even though I know better, and then I trust them again when they change their mind??? Sorry, but I remember 2020 and knew better than them back then (because I have an education in biochemistry and immunology). Now they admit that they were wrong and that does not excuse what they did to us.

[@Aangel452]

Thanks Anton, always enjoy your content😀

[@Setanta1913]

Hello Wonderful Anton. This is Person.

[@rwfrench66GenX]

I had no documented data but I swear when I hear about a large Earthquake usually a few weeks later there’s a corresponding Earthquake on the other side of the planet. Not necessarily the same magnitude and same coordinates but it seems like it was just a balance of the plate to me. Maybe these structures under the ocean are just a counterbalance to a structure that’s under a subduction zone on the other side of the planet.

[@nickbrough8335]

Maps showing the locations of earthquakes are readily available. Moat happen along plate boundaries. These occur everywhere on the earth which is spherical.

[@jotrutch]

So what you're saying is, if a fat person goes on a diet, it will cause an earthquake on the other side of the world unless another fat person over there also goes on a similar diet

[@rwfrench66GenX]

@@jotrutch I honestly have no idea how your mind found any mention of obese people in my comment to blame their weight loss on causing Earthquakes. Perhaps you can show my comment to an adult to help you understand it.

[@barsark254]

just wanna comment to boost the algorithm keep up the great work brother. in this time of content farming and polarizing it's nice to just have smart people focusing on actually important developments with humanity

[@CoolcatAMA-Pro]

This made me think of the claims and beliefs of Anasazi the Hopi tribe and ancient tribes across the globe

[@taitano12]

The new seismic detector/computer modeling combo also uses Fourier functions to analyze the waves for WAY more than just their speed.

[@wabalubadubdubdub]

Like what?

[@taitano12]

@wabalubadubdubdub Like composition. It's one way Geologists found out about the oceans of water in the mantle. Not actual bodies of water, but areas where the mantle is essentially saturated with water. The longer the crust rings, well, we may one day have a complete enough picture to detect different types of minerals and whatnot down there. The water thing was theorized for decades because of certain minerals that could only form in the conditions present in the mantle AND in the presence of a lot of water. But it wasn't confirmed until recently. The combination of the traditional shear velocity and the Fourier functions was able to verify the theory.

[@mearnax2]

Great simple breakdown Thank you

[@societalcipher3866]

Love your channel! Always look forward to a new episode and appreciate the work you put in. Thank you!

[@Shacthulhu]

I was on time for class today!

[@zeusprophet7305]

@@Toxicpoolofreekingmascul-lj4yd 🤣

[@zacharyolds1639]

Certain structures within Earth, such as large volcanic formations or other geological features, may have formed from an impact event or two . An external body could have slammed into the planet, punching through its layers and releasing a surge of magma that rapidly cooled, leading to the creation of these geological formations. This offers an alternative perspective on how some of Earth’s deep features could have originated.

[@bodean2222]

The areas where no subduction zones exist such as larger land masses, and in the Pacific ocean are great hypothesisfor these undisturbed areas on earth. My research of these areas have come up with this idea several time, and it would definitely serve as a stable area under the mantle for never being disturbed. This brings up a plethora of other thoughts and ideas that could be answered by these scientific breakthroughs using these new lidar and other ground penetrating radars to unveil many mysteries about our planet that we should have the answers for now. Thank You. I have subscribed to your channel, and liked this informative video.

[@Anarchizer]

7:10 Finally we found it! Unobtainium in all of its glory :)

[@tonydagostino6158]

Though it is true that the Kola Deep borehole only reached 12.2km the processes of plate tectonics have brought oceanic crust and even mantle rocks including the Moho to the surface where they can be examined and sampled by geologist. These deep rock types are pushed up onto continents by plate collisions and are known as Ophiolites. There are dozens of Ophiolite exposures of a wide range of ages outcropping around the world. It's all not as mysterious as it appears

[@johnwolford2715]

Knowledge is power! Everyone needs to sign up it's only $4.99 a month. This guy's a legend!!!!

[@goatbut29]

Love your work Anton! Consider an episode on just how bizarre our moon is! The highest minds in the industry think it should not be and perhaps consider it "alien" to us. The ringing of the Moon when they purposely crashed into is amazing!

[@HeleneWheatfield0549]

[@workingZen]

So its possible that there actually could be hidden civilization that could be living inside these huge structures underground?

[@WatermelonPlayzzRoblox-lol]

This is where hell is

[@Rollo877]

Oh looks like science has finally validated the existence of Hell

[@orctrihar]

At this point Evangelion lore is still more logical and proved too

[@adrianolmedo3816]

The inner earth is so vast that there can be many civilizations there. One like hell, and others maybe much better than us, they are able to go up the surface riding thru the oceans.

[@littv1610]

@@adrianolmedo3816whatever it’s is nothing can survive down there…… soooo ….. holy f#%* WTF

[@robdog7516]

Brings a whole new idea about the stories about Journey into the center of the Earth

[@SENOJYDNAR]

This is where Godzilla comes from. Its also home to the lava men, the mole people, and inter-dimensional aliens.

[@theedwardian]

And of course, the closest access to the Schwartzvald is in Antarctica.

[@GU-mx1gi]

Anton or anyone can you please answer this question for me? Is the map of the globe behind you with the red and blue areas representing the anomalies? If so, what are the differences between the red and the blue? Could you please tell us where exactly or even an estimate where these anomalies are found meaning what continents would they be under? Thank you kindly! ❤️

[@GadZookz]

There are major sunken chunks down there. No doubt about it. The sphere of the Earth is just window dressing for a chunky substructure. 🙂

[@whaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa]

Sunken chunks of what is the question.

[@GadZookz]

@ A good question indeed but at the end of the day, chunks is chunks.

[@ReiseLukas]

So we have subterranean islands/continents?

[@GadZookz]

@ Could be endomorphic life down there. No way to find out at least for now.

[@johnferry7778]

The “Sunken Chunks”. Mmm, sounds like the name of a band.

[@stevea9604]

There is more water under the mantle than there is on top

[@striver1987]

Finally a comment who knows. Yes. We have mind boggling amounts of water in the Earth. "The geysers of the deep" spoken in Genesis. How the entire world flooded. These massive water tables are found on other planets and moons as well.

[@sutenjarl1162]

the underground squid people are gonna invade 🙂 they call them selves flat earthers

[@catherinejenkins2284]

I love how in your voice you can't hear much emotion(very calming), but I can tell by choice of words this is freaky! They need to save/use your voice when they announce cataclysmic events, people would stay much calmer!❤

[@nkmatopycide4179]

I personally think the Earth is like a universe or construct which attaches different dimensions or parallel worlds in one unified sphere which is both real and simulation at the same time: there being no actual difference between the two concepts as they are interjoined.

[@dbabdbbbghbb]

Ohhhh..this one lost the plot.

[@fossil7009]

You sound like a pseudo intellectual

[@wabalubadubdubdub]

​@dbabdbbbghbb or he thinks differently

[@Nekogami04]

You've been reading too much Nasu.

[@osmosisjones4912]

What kinds of advanced chemistry could be going on in the mantle

[@dt4676]

Something. I'm no expert but the earth cooling forever from it's formation sounds insane

[@BeKindToBirds]

​​@@dt4676If I am not misremembering it has already been proven that radioactive elements in the earth have kept it cooking and warm and it hasn't just cooled from formation. I believe I found it here thanks to Anton if you are going to search more.

[@user-kn4it6zr9o]

​@@dt4676it sounds logical

[@Mivoat]

The chemistry of iron at very high-pressure is exotic. It removes the oxygen from sinking carbonates, turning them into diamonds. On the way back up as the mantle circulates around every 400 million years or so, those diamonds reoxidise to produce the CO2 that comes out of volcanoes. Earth began with a much faster spin, that has gradually slowed down owing to drag from the moon’s gravity and tidal heating. That fast spin makes me wonder if the heavy elements of the core might sometimes have been thrown out, even up to the surface where we find deposits rich in uranium and other heavy metals.

[@jdcjr50]

Thank you for such a clear report.

[@SanctusBacchus]

It's the blardoonians. Can't believe you don't know this.

[@SR-mv2mf]

What’s that?

[@Berg-ft5xb]

Out of Magma comes groups,out of groups comes the one 💍 and sauron and midiclorians....this is Mantle🤪

[@slowtime8133]

Leave my family out of this.

[@MJRespectTheBest]

Home of the Arianni, the true name of them. They once lived above and they built the big monuments. They are 3 to 5 meters high. The leaders name is Thalos. There are much more races and species, some humans also.

[@fgk765jkh]

😂😂😂

[@jerrodrobinson9623]

The spongy rock material that holds more water than the Earth's surface in the mantle is also very intriguing, along with these "new" internal structures.

[@advlou]

When you said structures .. I immediately thought.. was admiral Bird right hahaha

[@k8tina]

Same here!!

[@williambarker7932]

These "structures" are where the aliens live.

[@off6848]

Yup hollow earth confirmed we’re so back boys

[@danpas7260]

The aliens as in illegal immigrants?

[@Brandon-y7f]

Third world countries that rape and kill for fun are far from aliens

[@CatSchrodingers]

Wanted to comment that. But you did first. Defenetly alien bases or some monsterlike creatures like titans in geek myth.

[@russianbot8423]

Aliens?... fallen ones 👍

[@clintweeks2000]

Thank you, very interesting. These anomalies are remnants of large bodies that collided with the Earth during the formation of the mantle. That seems to be the best theory in my opinion.

[@Reoh0z]

0:51 I couldn't help but notice how blue America is, I suspect perhaps that is because of sensor coverage in the USA?

[@gasdive]

I was surprised how few there were in Japan. I would have thought they'd have lots

[@laviii451]

⁠@@gasdiveI used to live in the Nevada where there was a lot of seismic activity but you could never feel and rarely see the “earthquake” so I think in Japan it’s very few but strong when it does happen

[@kysennpai]

Expanding earth theory!

[@Ivarevich]

No

[@Mark-gt5jt]

You the man Anton. My go to for smart stuff.

[@squidnoid8]

Very fascinated by this subject. Thanks for delving into this. With some solid science.

[@dera6347]

Why is it that animations of Pangea turning into modern day, never show the oceans rising? There is more than enough proof out there that the water levels used to be much lower, yet the animations never depict it.

[@ZumaZoom07]

Most of the water on earth has been here since it it arrived however it did. Aside from glacial melt, I assumed the water levels stayed roughly the same and different oceans and lake formed to keep things relatively similar. Just a guess

[@bigatomicsloth3369]

I don't know what you've been watching, but you've clearly been missing something. What are you even talking about? Of course water levels have changed. For instance, I'm certain that North America used to be the ancient continent of Laurentia. Laurentia used to have an inland sea covering the Eastern Mid-west until Gondwanaland bumped into it and pushed up the Appalachian mountain range. That's why the state I live in is entirely within the Appalachian range, but composed entirely of oceanic limestone. It also has a massive underwater reservoir that used to be part of that sea. When the land pushed up, the water went somewhere else. Probably down, I'm guessing. Look at how many sections of other continents used to be on the sea floor. Hell, Everest has oceanic fossils. Do you think it all rose at once like a soufleé? Don't make up theories when you don't really grasp the info.

[@Willy_Tepes]

@@ZumaZoom07 Oceans don't rise or sink. Water covers the rock we call earth and it levels out if some part of the crust decides to rise or sink. You can see ancient shorelines in the Sahara 400 meters above current sea level. The continental shelf is also a former coastline. There are river valleys at the bottom of the sea. Continents rise and sink independently of each other.

[@jeffjohnson2307]

Anton = TOP G

[@madnessbydesignVria]

Geological butt-arteries - nothing has ever made more sense to me... :)

[@GU-mx1gi]

😂😂😂

[@Cobbido]

Good lord there are a lot of bot comments

[@thechosenone5644]

Read through the comments and uou seem correct. There are a couple obvious bots but the comments otherwise just seem a lot more poorly written or conspiratorial in nature.

[@smekkkens]

why 🤔

[@hungchoonghow5857]

Bad Lord, if there are little bot comments.

[@RobertBrown-i4r]

Thanks Anton -- the plot thickens in certain areas

[@AxionSmurf]

Trash left behind by alien explorers who stopped by on a hiking trip billions of years ago

[@Rustinho]

Roadside Picnic by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky ;) (Ok, not exactly but your comment made me think of that book)

[@Sadioli]

We're the trash left behind 😞👌