Abstract Painting for beginners / Demonstration in Acrylics / Relaxing / Daily Art Therapy/Day

[@charitymaseko2770]

I used to think abstract meant no creativity just mixing a bunch of colors... After seeing this I'm humbled 😊👌

[@ahaks7269]

When you learn the fundamentals of art and then try art yourself, you begin to appreciate abstract more and see the bits of thought and technique that actually goes into it.

[@paulaxiz]

Exactly the opposite in my opinion

[@imnotgaybut3953]

I appreciate abstract that has thought and work put into it; such as this. I do not appreciate some random splatters of paint being considered “art”.

[@fluffiedoom]

@@imnotgaybut3953 Technically splatters of paint are Art too...just not the type you like. Which is OK. Don't have to like everyone's way of expressing themselves or making Art.

[@dan.j.boydzkreationz]

​@@imnotgaybut3953 but these are random lines and colours

[@kaushalsuvarna5156]

Just for my education, what thought has gone into this?

[@LoveMeBack]

Abstract is like Jazz. Some people love it and some say it’s not art.

[@Traxxler]

difference is that I like Jazz

[@ffotograffydd]

And some dislike it without dismissing it, because they know that art is subjective.

[@samuelmaina8769]

More like classical music

[@bob5783]

@@Traxxler Tell me ! Jazz is musicians who play together but who do not have the same score! Is it correct ?

[@lol4lol993]

I'm so fucking determined to become an artist; I've such a passion for art. I'm good only in sketching portraits and drawing my own comic characters. That doesn't make me happy. Happiness is this - being able to create an abstract thing out of random lines, angles, oh, well anything that surpasses the imagination!!!

[@chips.3927]

I envy the ability of yours I have the ability of creating abstract things but it is difficult for me to create comic characters, oh how dissapointing our desire is, eh?

[@ryanoconnor7957]

I think when you are an artist it's less about making yourself happy and more about fulfilling your purpose. Don't get the two confused. But don't let that stop you from doing some abstract work on the side, it lifts me up when I do that. You never know, maybe you are able to express what you want in the abstract and make more of a shift to doing that

[@cheese5181]

@@chips.3927 hello chips my name is cheese

[@chips.3927]

@@cheese5181 Chips and cheese!

[@ivywang416]

correct

[@KristinW67]

My eyes say "easy peasy." My hands say differently. 😂

[@WantToGoHomeSoon]

HappyChic I got the brush in my hands right now feel in the same way😝

[@defne9.]

Lol same

[@michelebaumgardner7625]

😞 me too

[@serotonin69]

@Gigi Arkadie no one cares yiu fuckin bot

[@PradeepArtist]

☺️

[@ClOudOus]

I've tried painting for the first time and chose this tutorial. It's easy to follow. Its been a pleasure!

[@waseemiqbal2611]

Don't click kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqmTZmOYgqeDrMU

[@kishascape]

I too do abstract since I lack skill.

[@kishascape]

@Darth Desec :3

[@art_wisdom]

very nice video!

[@imfaryaaaal8859]

As a beginner this was reassuring... im gonna try this too

[@nancycassels1469]

I did this painting and couldn't get over how beautiful it turned out...I got so many compliments....had it blown up and had a different color background put on it ....amazing..thank you somuch

[@enricoanedda1446]

0000

[@PunkRockScum69]

So, you're bragging about getting a comment for copying someone else's work. Why not just do a Paint by numbers.

[@goldensheep6678]

@@PunkRockScum69 it was probably very different from this one, you cant really copy it

[@riechronicles]

@@PunkRockScum69 You can't entirely copy what's in the video, and many other people has done paintings shown in videos before so I don't get why you have to attack them like that 💀

[@vickihandley2282]

It doesn't matter how many times l watch this lm always impressed with the result the finished product and l will keep watching until my attempts are just a little close to yours. Cheers vicki

[@trishcogley2814]

Way past my bedtime in Australia but been watching consecutive videos ,omg young man you astound me .I am back on the paints tomorrow determined to get this right .Thanks for the music I am still grieving a loved one and tonight you have helped immensely.

[@rawadsheikh476]

Sorry for your loss beautiful soul , bless you and your loved ones ❤

[@waseemiqbal2611]

Don't click kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqmTZmOYgqeDrMU

[@greasylimpet3323]

This is very late, but I want to send you my best wishes. Also from Australia 🇦🇺 Keep painting; how did yours turn out?

[@ruthinmanart4063]

Hope you are still painting... it has been a year and art can be wonderful therapy.

[@tonysn7990]

Los colores son las respuesta para vuestro celebros asin pinta asin eres por vuestras pinceladas os conoceréis

[@jeremydraper733]

Step one: draw a series of lines that you will immediately cover up with paint so you can not see them

[@peikos111]

it gives an idea of what you're going to do

[@jeremydraper733]

YImaan makes sense, but I still feel like you can just kinda wing it, I mean it’s abstract anyway so I feel like you can determine left to right and up and down with out the lines and you can determine how far out you want to go without the lines too. But I do see what you mean and it makes sense.

[@sultanfpv9206]

Would it work if I do it without the lines?

[@kapsleand6832]

it was like a backyard when you don't have a drying machine for your wet clothes.

[@shroom6451]

Uhm guys...he said as a joke, i don't think yall have to actually explain what their for because I think he knows

[@JoKeet1]

At first, I didnt understand why you chose that dusky pink as a main background colour, but as the artwork progressed, I understood- a perfect choice!! I love what you did!! BEAUTIFUL!! 👍❤💃

[@jonber9411]

Is that, dusky pink? I thought it was, groin pleasures grey 🙇‍♂

[@frankschrodinger1424]

It's butt tingling salmon

[@jameezi]

😂

[@ChanelAbstrackPainting]

The results of his abstract paintings are truly extraordinary.

[@noahcoulombe4125]

That pen drawing looks like the stuff I used to draw with my etch a sketch when I was five, and that’s exactly why I love it

[@juliajanssens8432]

Thank you for demonstrating this genre of painting; it's inspiring to see how it takes shape. I actually loved the more muted colour earlier on but I understand the need to seek more drama in colour.

[@waseemiqbal2611]

Don't click kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqmTZmOYgqeDrMU

[@Viper3048]

You should do a video with commentary. I want to know what thoughts cross your mind during certain processes and why you do what you do. That would be great.

[@dominikam7508]

He simply has no idea what he's doing. The choice of colours says it all...

[@wheathusk2499]

@@dominikam7508 who hurt you?

[@flumpaustin1994]

@@wheathusk2499 Who hurt YOU?

[@lcclark1307]

💖mindful listening with our eyes💖 I can hear YOU! Thanks for sharing!

[@merjenancheta3350]

Only a true artist understands his passion..

[@worldoffascinatingstories8728]

Цікава абстракція. У цьому жанрі не все так просто - як здається на перший погляд. Терпіння, майстерність, розуміння колірної гами саме для цієї роботи = успішно продана картина 👍🎨

[@alangilbert-voss7379]

I have no understanding of art whatsoever, but this totally captures my interest, it inspires me to emulate it. I would definitely hang that on my wall.

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

Me to

[@waseemiqbal2611]

Don't click kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqmTZmOYgqeDrMU

[@Yu_Tendo]

If diss is for beginners i don't now how to call myself

[@Thornblooduser]

You should just go for it. It will always seem like you could never get the results you want, but just do it. It will turn out how it should. There is no wrong with this style, the knife will tell you what's good

[@knowbuddy0]

@@Thornblooduser my knife isn't taking to me yet 😪

[@knowbuddy0]

@@Thornblooduser I kid, I kid 😁

[@koikonodisweiburgerdlsecon2333]

I’ve always loved abstract art, but you, make it even better.

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

Abstract is my favourite

[@caitlin2996]

It amazes me how you can make something so beautiful with such little effort 😱💜

[@neha_7gupta846]

I think its looks like little effort but m sure its not

[@rawtoast1]

Looks like not much effort but I’m sure it is . Beauty is hard work!

[@waseemiqbal2611]

Don't click kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqmTZmOYgqeDrMU

[@Tharoscalciel]

I just wanna learn how to abstract to be able to draw more of my emotions because I'm so angry right now but I'm around people and I don't wanna kill my voice chords the next morning, my cat is sleeping on me and I just really love doing art as a coping mechanism and a creative outlet

[@chriskrempl7726]

Vom Prinzip her..üben üben üben... Tut gut.. Viel Vertrauen und Kraft

[@spadedonemcdysentery2493]

This looks like Bill Cosby’s sweater seen through a roofie haze.... I cried watching this.

[@spadedonemcdysentery2493]

Johnny Dong well, yeah. That’s basically what I wrote dude. That was the joke. The entire point of the thing.......

[@robertlangley258]

Ooohhh my goodness, beautiful. O-N-L-Y an artist can make globs of paint and a trowel produce something so unique. I say unique because this painting can not be duplicated exactly, only something similar. I wish I was younger (my hands shake too much now) so I could rush to the store buy what I think he used and give myself a chance at making something I would hang on my wall. When this started out I thought, oh oh this is something I might not hang on my wall, to DAMN, I would pay good money to have and proudly present in my home. Artist like you are simply amazing at creating timeless pieces for us admirers. Thank you

[@TheDicedrum]

Beginner?! I don't think so lol! Just because you make it look easy doesn't mean it is. Great job and amazing work.

[@spotnuk]

It's just making perpendicular strokes with a palette knife. It only requires the skill level and creativity of buttering a piece of toast.

[@thecalsolaroart]

People think making this work is easy. Yes it is if you are an artist and you actually know what you are doing. Most people wouldn't be able to understand the colors and harmony between shapes and colors to arrive to create this type of work.

[@thecalsolaroart]

@@spotnuk No It doesn't. It requires understanding harmony of colors and knowing where to place and how much paint to use and many other aspects. Make me one piece of art like this (without copying) and show me.. then we talk.

[@lizluna7496]

@@thecalsolaroart Calm down Rembrandt lol

[@msmegification]

IMO, the painting was absolutely perfect at the 4 minute and 44 second mark.

[@Zxzoxopeneyes]

Agreed 👍🏻

[@olialiamina2036]

My heart started to beat REALLY fast as the process progressed and turned into something of deep harmony. As someone who never ever liked abstract art - I wanted to sell my apartment and needed some attractive art that could be liked by as many potential buyers as possible. I read that abstract was the best. I started to look at thousands and thousands of paintings and posters and then found myself feeling a little harmony when looking at some, but very conflicted and chaotic - at others. Then I started to see certain patterns, then started to see what color combinations are the most pleasant. Then some of them had good colors but bad technique or vice versa. 99.9% of them were always missing something. It felt like they didn't have any theme, purpose, goal but were painted just for the sake of painting. As someone without any art education I just followed my heart. So I haven't found the One at all but I realized that I actually enjoy the right abstract art. I just found this video and, oh, my God - this is IT! I can't stop looking at it and love it sooo much!!! And the great thing is I can practice and paint it myself. So much harmony, structure and at the same time spontaneity. And fantastic colors. Thank you so very much, Suraj! Liking (Loving) and subscribing.

[@MR_R.o.b.o.t.o]

WORST PAINTING ....0 EFFORT AND SKILL....ABSOLUTELY BEAUTIFUL. GREAT JOB!! Wtf is it? DELUSION?

[@murasaki-dayo]

You can't make it yourself cause you have no talent.

[@maxwellmccoy1815]

you make this look so intuitive, its incredible. i struggle so much with abstract art but i want to learn

[@maxwellmccoy1815]

Kristian Quist i disagree. you still need an understanding of composition and color to make abstract look good. saying theres no learning involved is an insult to the artist imo. and besides that, im saying i struggle with abstract bc i dont like the results i get when i try. so even if its only personal taste, i need to learn what it is about abstract that i like, so that i can feel proud of the result.

[@maxwellmccoy1815]

Kristian Quist if you dont appreciate abstract art, which seems to be pretty evident, why bother watching this video, or replying to someone who obviously does appreciate it. i'm done, have a nice day.

[@juniortim33]

@@maxwellmccoy1815 you should be done because as an artist myself he explained it fully, you are thinking too hard when it comes to abstract art, I get you and your interest and wanting to learn the different colors and techniques and that’s understandable for a pure portrait artist at times but abstract was mostly constructed to be underground not mainstream a different technique built from YOUR subconscious for you to just blindly inhabit no rules and no boundaries, just go blind and turn your brain off and pick up a brush and colors and let the lord guide your hand to create something magical, something that comes from within that’s imbedded inside of you, anyway my two cents, I’m done, I hope you succeed in life and your art

[@bradleystrongart]

@@kristianquist2697 That's not even remotely true! I used to think the same thing about abstract art, but making good abstract art is the most difficult thing to do well. Just because it's abstract doesn't mean it's random or accidental.

[@Loh24158]

@@kristianquist2697 typical artist ego talk right there. If the idea is things have to look “real” to be good then explain Instagram

[@RolyEm]

I love doing art like this - it feels so free

[@kariskogstadlita8085]

Me too ,just love it 😍🤩

[@tiptapkey]

I wonder how this ended up being recommended to a bunch of angry rude people.

[@ajimenez1719ify]

It's on a public platform so, that means anyone's opinion is allowed to be expressed, even if you don't like it.

[@neilalexiskirkvelez6965]

The result was very amazing because of the acrylic paint. I love artists that uses acrylic paint as a medium of their artwork. Acrylic paints makes the painting/artwork more realistic and colorful.

[@juliewilson2605]

I feel like I can fall into it and find wonderland. ❤

[@shinecaroline1]

I watched this video last night before bed. The music was so soothing I had to fight to stay awake. Watched it again today and did a practice paint on mixed media paper. I followed your process but chose my own colors. Am actually quite happy with the end product even tho not professional or on canvas. As for those who say "just slap on some paint" or might as well do "paint by numbers" I think they probably haven't actually tried to do abstract paintings, nor do they likely appreciate the style. It does require thought, practice and skill. Some of those swipes are difficult to make straight if that's the intention! Anyway, beautiful work!! Thank you for not being all chatty on the video...you just get straight to your process... Love It!!

[@user-yp9vh7yb6k]

I absolutely love this piece. Thank you for sharing

[@JW-mg1sk]

I recently got introduced to abstract painting hands on. My first taste has opened a wide and boundless abyss of intrigue for me. I want to pursue this and see where it takes me ❤️

[@kcwatchthetube]

I actually think that the hardest thing is picking the colours - colours that sit well together. I could copy this as he as done it - but if I wanted to do this painting in another colour scheme........that would be my problem. Some people have a certain talent and they just seem to know what goes with what. Thanks for the video - I appreciate your talent.

[@laserlithuanian]

blue and orange red and green yellow and purple

[@christiangarcia8388]

So here he went with primary colors with a fleshy undertone for the ground. Mostly cuz of the wet with wet of acrylic would meld well with that. So from there just pick 3 strong colors. And a soft ground you can use to support this colors

[@kcwatchthetube]

@@laserlithuanian Thanks for that Tom :)

[@kcwatchthetube]

@@christiangarcia8388 thank you Christian :

[@davidmann2988]

No one really needs abstract painting tutorials

[@SenadorRazo]

What is the purpose of the black line the very beginning?

[@aantontube]

I had the same question....

[@vel0811]

I feel like its a starting point, an idea of shape.

[@salanietaguisamoa8320]

I loved the raw black lines, without paint all over the canvas instead at the initial stage...the unfinished look gave me a sort of satisfaction and wonder.

[@paulamitchell1653]

I enjoy the relaxation… the process… it doesn’t matter when it’s finished… or the beginning… in my opinion it’s the value you place within your abstract art work…plus it “gives” me ideals of my vision of my artistic artwork…❤❤❤🫶🏾

[@PaulWalesArt]

So incredibly talented. Incredible use of the palette knife. Music in this one really aligned with the Daily Art Therapy concept. Felt myself relaxing while watching. 🤟

[@elizabethbarsanti4297]

It’s exciting to see it take shape. For my taste it was finished and perfect before the yellow was added.

[@PaintingStepByStep]

Awesome abstract painting. I loved your colors selection.

[@PierooriginalItaly]

👍

[@5thmardiv636]

This abstract painting seems to have an amazing appeal to a lot of folks, that might suggest an artistic universal consciousness.

[@namras3225]

Another master piece. Before I wasn't interested in abstracts but after seeing your work m loving it 🙂 !

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

I am loving all sorts of abstract work at the moment

[@goodgirluwie3872]

Dunno why, I was dreaming to be a painter when I was younger. I think I should try to paint now!!! Thanks for sharing this!

[@iamchillydogg]

How do you know when you're done?

[@gsf02]

When you FEEL that it is ready.

[@Mossfaerie]

Just depends on how you feel. I find that when I make art I eventually get to a point where I just need to take a break and come back to it later. Sometimes you decide to add more, sometimes you decide to cover something up or remove something, sometimes you feel it's finished. Hell, I've gone back to works years later and decided I wanted to change it so I do.

[@deepblues108]

when you run out of paint ;-)

[@katjabrakenhoff6977]

When you feel it is ready. Also taking a picture helps me a lot. Then you see it different.

[@sandeepsehgal67]

Or when you hit 9:40. :)

[@josephlagrange9531]

If you can't paint but want money call it abstract painting and the trick is done

[@phoebejones4678]

Love abstract painting! Love all the colors. You make it look so easy.

[@waseemiqbal2611]

Don't click kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZqmTZmOYgqeDrMU

[@ronlafond5288]

Yeah. That's gorgeous! I do love the "Modern" style.

[@juliedavies1591]

Oh... the title says acrylic, silly me. And cool painting it was very relaxing to watch

[@heatherfoster4154]

You make abstract art look so easy. I can only dream of ever being this good.

[@zhaviyah84]

It’s not that hard lol

[@AngstyBiyoshii]

And you know...people in the comments are so fricking kind! I love it! I love you and your paintings. You make us relax and ease our minds out with your paintings you are truly amazing and for suraj' s fans out there! You all are so kind and heartwarming! I love all of you guys to death and Merry Early Christmas! Love, Cherrie, From Philippines

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

It’s refreshing to see such good comments with no trolling or toxic vibes

[@AngstyBiyoshii]

@@LondonRocksJewellery mhm! You said it! ^ ^

[@wolfman7393]

Random as nature itself. Extraordinary work! True artist!

[@RajPereira-tt5ku]

Lovely 🎉 touch. Thanks Sir

[@Lusimo30]

Picture perfect idyllic ❤

[@jaimieboutilier2971]

I’m going to go buy some paint right now XD

[@Haircydgoes]

Sameeee

[@roguesodyssey]

What a beautiful piece! I may have to try this.

[@williammaldonado3516]

Yeah Right

[@cathecoleman7952]

I feel like I could walk for blocks along the lake side of Chigago.

[@leomarc634]

My nice make the same 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@janetadams5829]

Very soothing video watching the illustration technique! Loved iT........thank you for sharing!

[@pelmawillmott1394]

You always so amazing. Love how simple you use your painting skills.

[@melindaflynn2110]

Beautiful very creative 🎉thanks for sharing 🎉

[@alyssia1041]

The abstracts look terrific and wonderful. 👍

[@marin4754]

Se vc vive triste , com depressão e não sabe o que fazer; ai está o segredo, compre pincel ,tinta, tecidos ou telas , e bora pintar emoções 👏👏👏👏, há, se não tiver pincel, pinte com as mãos mesmo 😍😍😍. Parabéns ao artista, arrasou!👏👏👏

[@mrbump28]

I did this and turned out something rather different but still amazing. Thanks so much for teaching us these techniques and allowing us to make things we never knew we could.

[@mishapraisesfavoritecakede8470]

AWESOME,!I wouldn't know where to begin. You are so talented. I love to watch you.

[@Talhakhan-rn7tx]

Simply creative, 👌u make best use of colours 👍

[@lovemillie7928]

Yes, creative 💜 He's inspired my channel. Go check it out and SUBSCRIBE 😊

[@skreekarose3610]

This is gorgeous!

[@GemCaprica]

This is fantastic..the background color really shows off the other colors.

[@lovemillie7928]

Yes, fantastic 💜 He's inspired my channel. Go check it out and SUBSCRIBE 😊

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

The colours are 👌🏼

[@kamrankazemi]

Wooow... I like it... Really beautiful 👌👌👌👏👏👏👍👍👍👍🎖️🎖️🎖️

[@anikoon]

Music and art is art~🙆‍♂️🙌

[@TANTRUMGASM]

beans and food is food.

[@quirkya909]

I could watch you paint allllllllllllllllllllllll day & night! && I kinda really want this piece for my living room! It’s stunning

[@clovellyrd9634]

Every stroke brings a new surprise. I love how your brain works!

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

Such freedom of movement

[@Sparklinglittlestars]

Wow..very beautifully done👌 Keep up the good work 👏👏 Regards Sparkling little star 💫💫

[@samsulalam]

Wow.... 1st like... 1st view... 💜💛💙❤💙💛💜

[@purple-red5673]

Thank you for your all videos ! Like them all indeed! God bless you!🥰😇

[@jennmartine1246]

New subscriber!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! beautiful work

[@rogerlopez75]

SPECTACULAR!!! 1👏🏾👏🏾👏🏾👏🏾👏🏾

[@ninadelisboa]

OMG!!! Is it for beginners? If so, then what am I? Very pre beginner...lol. I can't do even half way good as he did. Lovely, lovely abstract 👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏

[@Barakon]

Either a pirate ship or a city on the sky. I prefer how it was before the brown though. The vague & blurry fiery door…it fascinates me…

[@asmrrelaxingsoap9]

Beautiful demo painting ❤️

[@MikeB_66]

Love that abstract 🎨🎨

[@gierlangbhakti8564]

Now I'm ready to start my career in abstract painting

[@matchau.u885]

Just shit on a canvas and smear it BOOM 1 million dollars

[@suzan-x3i]

@@matchau.u885 why dont you do it then? Smear colors and get your $$$

[@AdagioLab]

This has a calming effect. Beautiful painting with soothing music, great entertainment

[@csongorcellie6485]

This is something u would see in a dentists waiting room

[@santwar.]

Csongor Cellie 😂😂😂

[@edrodriguez4822]

Yeah. Kind of boring

[@leewei6220]

That's AMAZING 😍😍!!!!

[@leewei6220]

I've seen one of those before

[@leewei6220]

I'm not actually I'm not Lee Wei. Cause I'm his phone he's my dad

[@nancytobares9721]

Miei Complementi 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻super Bellissimooooo Great 👏🏻👏🏻

[@David_Mesh]

I want this for my living room, just beautiful 😄🎨

[@lee8632]

I appreciate the demonstration of palette knife techniques.

[@cheryls_creative7048]

Stunning! I love it! Thanks for such a clear video!

[@Christ_the_only_way]

Abstrakt art is so easy. It’s not about the skill an artist puts in. I think it’s about what expression you give this art. I really could get some paint and draw stuff like that. Most important is not how it looks but the emotion behind it.

[@pipexhaust]

u mad

[@cosudu3002]

I like this very much.

[@basshunter69ffs]

i was a great abstract painter back in kindergarten

[@soma1713]

Relaxing time with your Artwork😍😍😍so beautiful

[@LondonRocksJewellery]

It is very relaxing to watch

[@margaretdesrosiers3235]

Beautiful as usual... and so is that background music I absolutely love it 🎶🎶 ❤️✌️🇨🇦

[@love_cnct]

The painting was done @ 4:45 after that it got ugly

[@marcospimentel603]

Tottaly I agree!!!

[@purplej12]

I liked it @ 0:34

[@cutechiangels]

So nice to just watch! Thanks. Looks easy, but not so easy in reality! I would've preferred you stop at 04:06. That was a point were the painting was perfect, to me! 😉 Composition of space and balance of colours is key to any art work. Thanks.

[@moochshoom9574]

Abstract art offers to become artist even without any practice... 😂Just draw what you want... 🤣

[@АлексейАлексей-ц6м]

Мляяяя!.. Ждал, ждал - что же получится?? Дождался. 9 минут ожидания жалко! Ну, под бульдозер бы!

[@williammaldonado3516]

I have been looking for something like this! Thank you. I ❤️ it!

[@ajimenez1719ify]

Im going to give it a try. Ive never painted a day in my life but, i am going to try to paint this for my living room. Im usually only good at free hand sketching.

[@ash81818]

it's just random paint but i still feel like i'll mess it up LOL

[@dirtynewschannel]

This was amazing to watch. My minds eye saw many different interpretations as the work progressed