[Syntax] X-Bar Theory - Specifiers, Adjuncts, and Complements

[@janey4319]

I learned more from the first 10 minutes of this video than I did in my 3 hour lecture. Thanks so much

[@jeongmincho4427]

Agreed

[@believer641]

Agreed, fantastic video!

[@thuraya6582]

Agreeed

[@王飞燕-z6j]

Some professors even make it more complicated

[@VictoriaHilke]

you have just saved my grade. My lectures are beyond boring and confusing. Your explanations are simple and clear! I can not thank you enough!!!

[@beingcrazytracy]

OH MY GOD I WAS COMPLETELY DESPERATE ABOUT MY SYNTAX EXAM AND I JUST FOUND THIS VIDEO AND I CAN SAY THAT IT'S A LIFESAVER ALL MY SUPPORT. Love the fact that you use colours and explain everything in so much detail. Whether I pass or not I'll be forever thankful hahaha

[@Luna-nn3zz]

Did you actually pass?

[@palachu]

I am also watching this on the day before my final exam, it is very helpful because I really didn't understand X' theory previously

[@billepixnet]

It was an excellent video. I wish I watched this before I took the course last semester. I am 68 years old and returned to college after 30 years. The course I took really had me confused. This explanation basically resolve my confusion completely. Can teach an old dog... LOL. By the way I failed the course, but learned it is Ok to fail. It forced me to try to find and answers to why.

[@hibajaber3173]

Great Hope you the best Never Give up

[@sujanrai4957]

❤️

[@benishtariq2263]

Ohhhhh Can u please help me to make my assignment on this topic... Kindly define this in your own words so that i can easily understand

[@zgjrmy]

After watching these , I passed my syntax exam with a perfect exam paper. Thanks Trev, your videos are awesome!!

[@Trevtutor]

Congratulations!

[@deraejarvis139]

Well done!

[@Mynameissara666]

Can I ask you a question about this assignment I have. The question says: The following sentence has an argument and an adjunct: A New York man shot three men at 12pm. Use though-preposing test to distinguish between the argument and the adjunct. please can you explain

[@cinemaantepichi5480]

why are you still here after your exams dude !!!

[@EnglishWithEnes]

Hi Özge! I assume you had this exam in your college years, and I'd like to know what you were studying and what lecture it was the test of. Now I'm studying English Language Teaching and am curious.

[@krystalp9856]

I don't know how you made this so clear that I understood it so much better than in lectures.I'm not pulling my hair out at 3am for my linguistic final in a couple of days anymore. Thank you so much.

[@Mynameissara666]

Can I ask you a question about this assignment I have. The question says: The following sentence has an argument and an adjunct: A New York man shot three men at 12pm. Use though-preposing test to distinguish between the argument and the adjunct. please can you explain

[@pupfriction1981]

It's 1am in Paris and I just realised a couple of hours ago that my syntax exam is tomorrow morning. This has helped me tremendously. You really know how to synthesise and simplify information! I can't thank you enough.

[@560crude2]

So how did your exam went?

[@disabledemail6676]

Thank you, you helped +45,600 students till now!

[@EE-fx8cq]

I hope you know that even five years after being uploaded, this video totally saved my final assignment

[@aybigeark2840]

I spent weeks on X-bar theory and honestly I was so desperate about it but now I am so happy that I finally started to get it! Thank you so much Trev!

[@曾俊婷]

I’m a Chinese undergraduate majored in English, this video is really very helpful when I’m studying syntax. Thank u sooooo much!!!!!

[@ivarbowitz2220]

FINALLY someone made this almost understandable. I still hate it, but I love you for making me grasp parts of the concept.

[@xSarahx1191]

The most helpful video i've found. Thank you so much for simplifying everything.

[@Mynameissara666]

Can I ask you a question about this assignment I have. The question says: The following sentence has an argument and an adjunct: A New York man shot three men at 12pm. Use though-preposing test to distinguish between the argument and the adjunct. please can you explain

[@adrasteax8]

This was so helpful! Thank you so much! I never understood why to use the bars, and after three semesters trying to pass this subject I think I'm finally going to!

[@alliereid3438]

This is amazing! English is my second language and I struggled a lot with sentence structure. This video made it a lot easier for me to fully understand the X-bar theory. :3

[@EnglishKeysAcademy]

This is literally amazing. I really admire your teaching skills, specially the use of colorful markers and teaching at a considerate speed.

[@ariellev9185]

I know everyone tells you this but you're seriously god-sent.

[@khuloodalsulami771]

I have final exam in exactly 4 hours and I was desperately looking for videos about the x bar theory, luckily I found yours! Thank you so much

[@Nolia-v8e]

I’m a student from Korea majoring English translation. I had hard time w/ syntax but I learned alot through ur video. Thanks alot !

[@KatsuragiRin]

I can't imagine I get to learn all this for free. Thank you a lot for the lecture.

[@wahiiangela8699]

i have an exam in Morphosyntax after tomorrow. I really was sooo confused abt the x bar Theory..but this video was so helpful to me..thank you for your hard work..

[@shrirupasen4350]

Thanks a lot Trev. This video cleared up my doubts about the specific positions of specifiers, adjuncts, and complements.

[@ericak5624]

I wish I could like it every time I watch it . this is pure gold.. thanks a lot sir

[@paparono4895]

I have an exam today and I just visited this I'm so grateful representing Nairobi kenya I love you all

[@asmaakamal9852]

thanks very much , such an intelligent instructor, really appreciate your great effort..... post graduate student from Egypt

[@raqdigi]

its 3 AM i have a syntax exam today and i want to kiss you you have no idea how much this explained more than my textbook

[@Megalohdon]

This might genuinely save me from a pandemic-stricken remote Fall semester while I'm participating in a study abroad program on the other side of the world. I definitely do not have access to resources (and the professor) that students on campus do and I've been confused and overwhelmed by tree structures. Probably overthinking as well! We're given extremely complex sentences to diagram out for our first two assignments and I felt so dejected when I completely missed the mark on the first. Thank you for making this much better to understand! (And as someone with ADHD the color coding was VERY needed and appreciated thank you!)

[@TheGuyAlwaysOnTime]

17:40 "I'm going to do his wife like this" Oh my :)))

[@ravinket1301]

I find this extremely helpful for my syntax revision. Thank you so much for making this video!

[@missyuu9348]

Thank you for explaining it in so detail! I understand almost just need some more practices!

[@vegetotrseven6618]

You literally saved me for tomorrow's exam. Thank you.

[@swindle6835]

Thank you so much, watching you explain and draw helps a lot compared to someone reading off slides.

[@DiegoPerez-ot5jl]

Great video. I've got an X-bar exam in two weeks. Very well explained. Very helpful. Thank you very much.

[@moonfelines]

youre a lifesaver, i'm taking a linguistic course rn as one of my subjects, but i dont have the same background info that the other students have >.> !! thank you so much !!!

[@untoldstoriesbywv617]

bro you're the star of my life

[@illosionmouneen2468]

I like how this guy sings when he lectures 😁

[@AsmaaPurity]

Amazing how you mananged to explain this complex notion so easily and clearly Totally fan of your tutorials

[@azenathayiecha4637]

Thanks a lot,, kindly analyse for me the following sentence using x-bar theory; 1. The fact that you spoke improved matters. 2. The speech that you made improved matters

[@beaevison7900]

thank you for this! i'm studying at uni in germany this year and i was writing out lecture notes from the x-bar-theorie lecture (which was obviously auf deutsch) and was completely lost, so glad i managed to find this vid because it made so much more sense to me!

[@l.sch.8738]

Damn! Finally I get it! I was really desperated, because I thought I was too stupid, but I just needed the right way of explaination. Thanks!

[@sarahalswelem4350]

Thank you so much I learned a lot from your video cause my teacher sucks.... Really thank you

[@alicagank]

Great tutorial! Greetings from Hacettepe Linguistics, Turkey. :))))

[@MaazAhmad11-i3t]

Thank you sir. Little bit my concept is clear now I'm watching it twice.

[@jabihang23]

Understood. (waiting for DP-structure/hypothesis). Thanks a lot.

[@manonandre6558]

Merci pour cette vidéo, même si les symboles utilisés ne sont pas les mêmes dans mes cours français. Par exemple : N" > N' > N° > map. Ca m'a beaucoup aidé !!

[@-mey5392]

I LOVE YOU hahaha Thank you! This IS how my class of Syntax should be

[@adelinajohnes2078]

thank you! i have syntax exam tomorrow, and at least i understand it a bit better now!!!

[@wernerkuhn6822]

Hi. Thanks for this video; it's awesome. I do have a question, though: Why is quickly an adverb phrase rather than just an adverb? Again, Thanks for these videos you are a modern-day Steve Rogers!

[@PersonalSpiritualDevelopment]

Thank you so much for that. I cannot miss out to be following you around! for more:)

[@zeenathshabra5088]

Your explanation is awesome!! Thank you so much. Well explained and so clear.

[@wizzy-ff6522]

KZbin will always be better than our lecturers 😂 Great videos 👍

[@hossain2332]

I'm eagerly waiting for you to make a semantics course.

[@amiraal-hendawi5415]

omg thank you soo much! I was all lost with my teacher, now its clear and easy! thank you forever

[@bellasutter7709]

Wow, that helped a lot!! I was really struggling to understand my lecture but this explained it perfectly

[@jelledeelstra]

Thanks very much for explaining it all the way from the basics

[@GarrettEderer]

I love how this is so helpful for teaching students English. :P

[@GarrettEderer]

Talking about the theory, not your video. haha

[@Mila-hb1we]

Thank you so much for your videos on syntax Trev! you're amazing!!!!

[@Selitah_martin]

This is amazing,,I was able to understand the concept easily thanks to you

[@giangmi3102]

fortunately, I comprehend this video, thanks so much.

[@cynthiamagana4518]

Thank you so much for your help, Linguistic students from all over thank you!

[@shawkigahrani9589]

What a beautiful explanation! Thank you so much😊

[@alessandrob9]

In the sentence "Elephants develop a great bond with their handlers", would "with their handlers" be a complement?

[@Garrick645]

Love you! Thank You so much for these videos. 🙏🙇‍♂

[@missyroseyagong2296]

this Friday will have our quiz thanks for this video hope I can pass

[@ameenalgamal.9741]

Though it's my first time to come across such interesting topic, it got a good part of your explanation. Thanks

[@Zalmoksis44]

This is so confusing. How is "man from Washington" (adjunct) inherently different from "crates of fish" (complement)? And how does this apply to any language other than English? In Spanish, I think, both would be expressed the same way "hombre de Washington", "cajas de pescado". And in Polish I can freely switch "crates of fish" with "at the supermarket" because there are cases. If this is meant to be the universal grammar, I fail to understand where is the boundary between "(adjunct, complement, etc.) always works this way", and "(adjunct, complement, etc.) works this way in English".

[@NimTheHuman]

Thanks a bunch, Trevor. You're awesome!

[@jasonblack5179]

This is a beautifully executed lecture

[@Anna-mc3ll]

Thank you very much for this explanation! Are there any problematic points of this theory? Any unresolved questions? Many thanks!

[@mustafaelhadri5976]

Thank you for the immense help. I was wondering how we draw a tree for a VP with two compliments (ditransitive verbs). Thank you in advance!

[@lunartidee]

I'll update yall about my exam tomorrow 🤙

[@wernerkuhn6822]

You didnt update us

[@ciel_nadouch5648]

Oh thank you so much that helped me a lot. Your explanation is excellent

[@majdhilweh7211]

I want to ask, what the main motivation of the theory is?

[@ayberkyesil7163]

According to this every language is constructed the same way.

[@MOPCLinguistica]

In the Determiner Phrase hypothesis of the Noun Phrase, would the noun then be the specifier of the Determiner?

[@AldeaLagos]

Really helpful and clear, thank your

[@johannesm536]

16:27 ''eats [with his wife] [dinner]'' would be grammatically correct in Finnish, so how do you draw a tree when the verb is separated from its complement by an adjunct?

[@Trevtutor]

The adjunct would branch out to the left instead of the right in Finnish, since it would be acceptable then!

[@oussamaidali6189]

Then, it will be with his wife eats dinner ?! or the V bar must immediately dominate [V] and [PP] (adjc)

[@joshuajeffrey4848]

Oussama Idali, not if we take the little vp/vp shell into account which, whilst proposed to solve the problem of ditransitive and complex transitive verbs, also works here. So, we have [vP[v'[vj eat ][VP[ti][V'[PP^ with his wife ][V'[ tj ][DP^ dinner ]]]]]]. Basically, vp branches into a v' with a v head(which the verb moves up into out of V)and a VP with DP (which moves to IP) and a V' which branches in a PP and a V' with V (which has moved up to v) and a DP complement. My brackets might not be accurate I'm better at the tree drawing tbh.

[@gregstump2189]

Nice and easy to understand. Love it.

[@toharlevi6765]

this is a real enlightment for me! thank you! :D

[@Elle-nq8qp]

Omg you are amazing..thank you for this detailed explanation..❤❤❤

[@oussamaksirou235]

Thanks for the explanation! I have a question, though. In the last sentence, shouldn't the two adjuncts "old" and "from Washington" be at the same level? They both modify the noun man.

[@luzareizaga2141]

thank you so much you're vere specific in your explanations and it helps a ton!

[@leornendeealdenglisc]

Thank you for this!

[@txhunter3285]

Voice crack at 19:49 Sorry man Thank you for the content ❤

[@iancurtismybeloved]

Thank you you’re a great teacher 💓💓

[@jouteiomar1868]

how cute

[@iancurtismybeloved]

@@jouteiomar1868 i graduated

[@fatimaelhassnaoui1612]

Thank you so much for your explanation. I have a question, please. In these examples we can work with IP instead of NP or VP or PP. please could you reply to as soon as possible

[@lilxnut]

you're a life saver

[@ReemHaqqi]

he truly is!!!

[@mjsaedy6637]

Great explanation...Thank you very much.

[@البحرالهائجالازرق]

Please solve me this examples: into the house Fixed the telephone Full of mistakes More towards the window A film about pollution

[@nohisocitutampoc2789]

Excellent lesson.

[@anagrazakaria1505]

thank you so much from the bottom of my heart!

[@steve0ms]

I'm currently learning for an exam in a German pragmatic / syntax seminar, where we need to apply the X-Bar theory to the German language and I gotta admit, it makes me hate my own language so much :'D

[@AliHussain-cy6qg]

Dear, I appreciate your effort with best wishes in the days to come. You made the topic quite understandable which was made difficult by some teaches. Would you send me some source/link which can provide me more diagrams on X-Bar Theory? Best Regards

[@ms.solpapandrea]

i've found this video very helpful. thanks!

[@KJ-tl8ct]

What a greeeeaaaaaat lecture!!!! Thanks a lot!!!!!!

[@bayiro9]

Question: Isn’t “the old man” a noun phrase and “from Washington” it’s adjunct? So that they meet at the top as a seperate NP and a PP? Just like in “the old map of Canada with a glossy legend”?

[@MrRyanroberson1]

"from Washington" is an adjunct before "the" takes effect; therefore you could group (old man) from Washington, or old (man from Washington) and it would be similarly valid

[@vladimirdrobnjak5516]

Damn man ... what a PERFECT explanation ... great job :D

[@eleazardifuntorum3841]

Can someone please explain "projections from lexical head and phrases" thank you

[@simor9390]

Let me know to describe this sentence by using this theory especially fo deep-structure & surface-structure?. A) student go to school by bus. B) The student goes to school by bus. Thank you.

[@shuajackson615]

At around 19:44, how do you decide if [from Washington] is required information or not? What if it's "important to the story"? What am I missing here? I'm having an issue determining what's "necessary" or not.

[@EnisTortul]

Important to the story is not relevant. We are doing a syntactic analyze of the phrases. After you removed the phrase, sentence stays grammatical. For example, try with the phrase "crates of fish".

[@mssouadkasmi622]

thank you so much . you are a life saver