[Introduction to Linguistics] Phrase Structure Rules, Specifiers, Complements, Tree Structures

[@gobbie7099]

This is a lifesaver! As a student undertaking the Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English (BSEd-English), this greatly helps me! Thank you!

[@4b6t]

Omg same

[@sydney-my4zn]

i owe you my life (and my syntax grade)

[@용석권-g6y]

As a former linguistics major this kind of stuff makes me rethink on the topics and methods currently prevailing in the field concerned.Thanks a lot. Keep up the good work.

[@sh33na12]

Relying heavenly on your words than my textbook, thank you!

[@souhirtinssa918]

I was desperate for a second ! im graduating this year and I sit for my syntax final exam in 3 days ! things are clear to me thanx to you ! much love from Tunisia !

[@pntrst]

I honestly don't know how to thank you for this summary!!!!!!! thank you so so so much

[@FejorOBISSA]

I've just learned more from this leson. Thank you sir for taking your free Time to explain us this.

[@muneebaatta7674]

preparing for my finals, you are an angel thank you so mucccccccch

[@linaorten7755]

You’re amazing 🌷 You make it crystal clear.

[@lordhybrid4663]

finally a syntax video that is not draining my life!!! and makes sense.

[@The--Portal]

5:26 : complement (good expl) 8:14 : tense phrases (TP) always have the same structure:

[@loubnaonline8166]

You saved my life With these lessons of linguistics. I appreciate it buddy :) Thank u

[@pixelguru26]

Thank you for the awesome course! It's been a life-saver when editing for my classes. However, I have a question about the last example. Since the verb "give" is transitive in this sentence, shouldn't the tree break "give me a raise" into a verb phrase and a single noun phrase, where the first verb phrase consists of a verb ("give") and a noun phrase (me), and the noun phrase just consists of the determiner ("a") and the noun "raise?"

[@sadafkhan1679]

Super helpful u r a life saver plz keep making informative videos like this

[@taoyunzhi1323]

Thanks for the video!! Syntax has always been the most confusing part for me. This whole introductory course makes it easier to understand. And btw is there any difference between a triangle and the normal way of drawing a tree structure?

[@menususmelwine5794]

Basically, we use triangle for convenience. We know that the phrase "the dog" falls under our NP, but we don't specify which is the determiner and which is the noun. It's more of a shortcut. But if someone asks you to determine specific lexical categories, then you might want to use the tree structure.

[@yourway382]

Hello! You are really helpful! Please, may you do a special video full of sentences of syntax with solutions and tricks that we may face... That would be really helpful, and thank you so much for you efforts.

[@luhindiramahadewi253]

Thank you, you're video really easy to understand

[@SomeoneElse-fr8yu]

I'd love to see this kind of breakdown of the first few sentences of The Hobbit.

[@sot11cat]

In “give me a raise” shouldn’t one complement be more closely connected to the verb? One of them can be passivized to subject position. How could we present that info in the tree diagram?

[@ainamoony07]

hello sir, for sentences that have possessive proper nouns such as "I was fixing the hole on Richard's roof", would the word "Richard's" consider to be a Noun Phrase or a Adjective Phrase??? Thank you for the info in advance :)

I think Richard's becomes a determiner with a NP inside, so [D[NP Richard]'s]. At least it says so in my textbook.

lol accidentally just found this kzbin.info/www/bejne/bGS9k6GVrJ1_o5Y

[@fanoosfaroughi6440]

well done, very helpful and amazingly described.

[@hopesy12u4]

3:51 why didn't you do one for adverb phrases?

[@hopesy12u4]

turns out, qualifiers are also adverbs. But then, why do you treat qualifiers and adverbs as if they're different things by having "adverbs" with the lexical categories and "qualifiers" in the functional categories?

[@翟哈哈]

@@hopesy12u4maybe there are so many ways to category words depended on different perspectives,

[@geetanjali1100]

Wat will b the tree diagram of ‘ The Hotel where we stayed was near the station’

[@alkarkhy]

well, first of all thank you very much. I would like to ask you about the government and binding theory.

[@as-mar4499]

Is this the Radford Model in Tree Diagramming?

[@mahirbansal2946]

does the greater than 1 difference left - right apply to this too to determine whether it is legitimiate

[@翟哈哈]

hey, i just watched this video, and i get a question. why the NP after a verb is called a compliment instead of an object. for instance, "the man really loved sushi", my mother tongue is Chinese, and i would consider the NP "sushi" as an object.

[@bonbonpony]

This theory presented above is really problematic, because it doesn't seem to account for the division of a sentence into a subject and a predicate at all. The entire part "The Dean of Science" is the subject" while the entire part "might give me a raise" is the predicate. The "T" (tense) part in the syntax is also problematic because oftentimes it's not represented by any particular _word_ in the sentence, so it's not a "real" thing, I would say. It's just a gimmick to be able to shoehorn a particular sentence into this template.

[@glor--ia9021]

Because love is a noun that doesn’t need an object. It’s like “swim”. You can say “he swims” and you can say “he swims backstroke”. Swim doesn’t need a direct object but it can have one to complement it. Same with love.

[@Ladyblue7620]

If you ever need my soul, let me know. 😢❤

[@flakeboi]

Thank you for this!

[@faizatabib556]

Great video~ thank you

[@azyoussef6377]

could you plz Prof tell me how to analyze using 3 stages of PSG

[@ravennightbirt9001]

Is it sad that I understand you better than 2 university lecturers?

[@shrooq1016]

Hi can u help me win this question? a) A woman entered who was eating a chocolate enchilada. b) The man that Bill said that Mary disliked loves beef waffles. With sentence (a) assume that the relative clause [who was eating a chocolate enchilada] is a modifier of the woman. Assume that the man is both the direct object of the verb disliked and the subject of the verb loves. Is it possible to draw trees for these sentences without crossing lines? Explain why or why not.

[@reginataytayan9145]

Thank a lot

[@danicalaizasaludar2295]

I'm confused with this one "The angry man's daughter chased the cat on the mat with long whiskers" should I label 'man's daughter' as both noun?

[@ezgikrnci114]

is tp and ip the same thing?

[@somaparviznia9446]

Zor sipas mamostê

[@ameencampano3674]

Are pronouns considered nouns in tree structures? Thanks!

[@linaorten7755]

Ameen Campano yes they are and some grammarians put pro to make it more specific.

[@bonbonpony]

Not all pronouns are nouns, though. Personal pronouns such as "he", "she", "they" substitute nouns, so they fulfil the same role in the sentence as nouns. Similarly indicative pronouns, such as "this", "that", or their corresponding interrogative pronoun "what". But POSSESSIVE pronouns, such as "my", "your", "his" etc. are more like a determiner, or an adjective, because that's how they work in a sentence - they describe nouns, and can be put in the same position as adjectives ("my car" ↔ "red car").

[@nosheenakhter5120]

Sir tell me for what TP stands?????

[@ashleyye978]

tense phrase

[@steinmacher]

is it really possible for a phrase to have 3 branches? (NP in your last example)

[@Trevtutor]

3 branches can be made into 2 using a new category (vP) and movement. I will likely add a video in the future to the end of the series to cover this. It’s an “advanced” topic that is often ignored or passed over in an initial syntax course, which is what this originally was intended to be.

[@zaddieq90]

I truly love you

[@eziieee2626]

Thank uu💝

[@nushiislam7883]

My teacher told us to only break it into NP and VP!! what should I do?

[@Burgoskoa]

Could you please help me with this one? " In my black rubber boots"

[@LesCodes]

¿qué quieres? ¿árbol de que tipo?

[@chadbareje5153]

Why TP instead of S?

[@prathyushad9250]

Thank you... helped a lot

[@muntatheralsawad4250]

why "science" is NP, and "dean" is just a N. what I understood that science is N .

[@dobbythefreeelf9638]

in a nutshell, if you can substitute a word-level constituent with a phrase of the corresponding category then that constituent is in a fact a phrase. ( For example: if you can substitute the N "science" with the NP "the science department" , then science IS a NP not a N)

[@zouhairkhairi5174]

Keep it up

[@younesseddarouich9146]

Thank you professor, but I still a little bit lost, what about this sentence "was laughing hilariously at the slow turtle last night"

[@soukainasun8578]

Are u s6 student too right

[@databang]

Alexander Calder's mobile sculpture vs Noam Chomsky's syntax parsing tree.

[@samuelwahiu5880]

Hello, I have one here: 'Hardworking students who actively participate in-class discussion generally succeed in the exam.' kindly solve it for me.

[@jan_Masewin]

talking about 'a TP' and trees.... did i walk into biology by mistake >.

[@Vivi-mp9nn]

What about agglutinative language like japanese? If you say I want to eat, you don’t use to verbs, but conjugated the verb to eat Taberu -> tabetai You could continue this forever, for example „it’s okay if you don’t want to eat“ is Tabe-ta-kuna-kute-mo-ii-(desu) „ Thank you for eating for me“ Tabe-te-kure-te-arigatou „I‘m mad at you because You ate my stuff“ Tabe-rare-ta-n-desu Sorry the examples are a bit random, I‘m not that advanced to thing of something more natrual, but this is definitely very normal, I would say most sentences have verbs that comjugated that often. Is it still just the verb then? Edit: And the do drop subject, especially pronons ALOT, so many conjugations fill in the question of who did what, for example (verb in te from)-te-kureru means that you receive a service from someone and are greatful for that, while (verb in te form)-te-ageru means that you gave someone something and think that’s nice of you. So you can put a sentence worth of information into a verb

[@4b6t]

😮

[@KARTHIKREDDY-g6g]

answer to this sentence The last king of baghbad

[@kemjaysorela7194]

😮

[@walidakassou6411]

Why we didn't use "me" and " it" as a pronoun not a as noun ?

[@Trevtutor]

Pronouns are treated as N (or D later) in syntax. Some intro courses use a “Pro” label but that’s not what’s used past an intro course.