Taylor-Couette Flow (Ultra Laminar Flow) - Smarter Every Day 217 Behind the Scenes

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Checkout these papers to learn a bit more about Taylor-Couette Flow:
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Taylor's Groundbreaking Paper
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How instability forms
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Destin

[@NicholasA231]

Oh man, imagine setting this up in an intro physics class the day after you introduce entropy. But have it all mixed up when the students come in, and the demo starts with just the unmixing. Minds blown x1000.

[@brysonjacobs2868]

Even if it backfires and stays all jumbled, you still win because you can just blame it on entropy (albeit fewer minds will be blown).

[@angelalewis3645]

Yes!!

[@joecichlid]

I absolutely love watching you having these "no way, man!" moments. Science rocks!

[@sandramorrison99]

My mind got fucked with TODAY!!

[@sandramorrison99]

WAIT- maybe that shood be his new NICKNAME- *'NO-WAY~MAN'* MEH- NEEDS WORK

[@matthasaname]

One could EASILY win teacher of the year award simply by replicating your videos in classes throughout the school year. Have a science book to accompany the class just to maintain appearances, but the real curriculum is curated by youtube. I. Love. These. Channels.

[@harrybarrow6222]

When the colours were restored after +12 and -12 turns, I got real shivers of excitement down my spine. My first degree is in Maths and Physics, so that does not happen very often. 😀

[@remghoost]

The slight OCD in me just wanted this video to have an even 300 comments. So here's the comment. Keep on being awesome, Destin. The world is a better place with you in it.

[@corruo]

I couldn't stop smiling as you were turning back the 12, amazing stuff! Thanks for sharing

[@leondarioketscher]

I've seen some questions about this, so I'll try to explain. The Naiver-Stokes-Equation can be used to explain the state and flow of any liquid. In this specific case of laminar flow you have the Reynolds Number and the change of velocity over time on one side and on the other side you have pressure and viscosity. Now the Reynolds Number Is inertial forces divided by viscosity. In this case the viscosity is very big compared to the inertial forces, so the Reynolds Number is very very low (-> 0). If we put this back In our naiver stokes equation we will get 0 times the change of velocity over time, which means that it will be zero. By canceling out the time component of the Naiver Stokes Equation we make the flow independent of time. So now if we move the handle backwards with the exact same speed, we can "travel back in time" and bring the mixture back to its starting point.

[@angelalewis3645]

Cool!

[@georgefrichter4596]

The great physicist David Bohm used Taylor-Couette to demonstrate key aspects of his “implicate order” hypotheses giving a novel interpretation of quantum phenomena. A favorite topic of mine. Thanks so much for a beautiful demonstration of folded order. Terrific!

[@Chriss120]

that is litterally what 300k people subscribed for!

[@ledhunters]

My wife just said "come to bed" and I replied with "just a minute, I have to see this" :D

[@Ghostface_Andy]

Wise man :)

[@celivalg]

just show her at this point

[@kevin_delaney]

Lmfao that's great 😂

[@sandramorrison99]

Did she CARE or WATCH it? If she WATCHED IT- She's a keeper!! If she didnt CARE- uh- HOUSTON- We gott a PROBLEM!!

[@tuttebelleke]

People of all ages watch this video with a child's emotion!!! Fantastic!!!

[@marjoriewyszynski8558]

That was really great Destin! Amazing! Thank you for Smarter Every Day!

[@jalshah8761]

Wait a minute!!!! The speed of the rotation makes it more wispy... In the first video, the 7 rotations were very very slow, but in this one... the speed was a bit faster and non uniform. An interesting study will be, having a motor attached to the inner cylinder, to rotate it at... different rpm. I mean, at 1 rpm clockwise and then 2 rpm anticlockwise.... man, the whole experiment will be an experiment on accuracy!!!. Dude, I am freaking out!! That would be so cool.

[@RosyRosie42]

Your excitement, enthusiasm, and complete disbelief that this would work... 😄😄😄

[@Nabeelco]

Something just occurred to me, you should have used Cyan, Magenta and Yellow. ;) The colour mixing would have been much more aesthetically pleasing since dyes are subtractive instead of additive like light.

[@QlueDuPlessis]

Yeah, that occured to me while watching this. I'm still mind-blown though...

[@stubbize4588]

That is really awesome, just when you think it wasn’t going to come back to normal! Great experiment 👍👍

[@JonathanRansom]

I'm glad I watched this.

[@dzuren117]

During this semester I went through the Fluid Mechanic's course and I like to thing I understood the No Slip Condition quite well. However, I can't wrap my mind around how the No Slip condition enables this behavior to take place in this type of Couette Flow, giving the results shown. It's so weird but amazing!

[@paulkallevig8893]

Had fun watching this with my 7 and 5 year olds. Came after watching the one on Smarter Every Day with them. Such amazing, honest content.

[@celtgunn9775]

That was really cool Destin, thank you. I always learn really cool things on your channel. 💞

[@ClaytonMcPherson]

What determines how fast you can turn the handle (Reynolds number?), and if optimized, how many revolutions can you do before you lose flow integrity?

[@eideticex]

Seems like both of those would be a result of the strain rate of the fluid. In fact the equation in the text book I have around that talks about fluid dynamics makes references to layers of wrapping to describe the equation for the strain rate. It never occurred to me a device like he's using is what they were describing (that book opted for describing equations instead of illustrating them).

[@MrBenjimun]

Not sure if you're actually after an answer but yeah, pretty much to do with Reynolds number. Reynolds number basically tells you whether the viscosity of a fluid dominates or the momentum. If viscosity dominates Re is small and you get laminar flow. If Re is big, momentum dominates and you start getting turbulence. The thing here is that because there's so little momentum in the fluid (compared with viscosity) the fluid doesn't keep flowing (much) after its been 'pushed' by the fluid next to it, so you push it in one direction, then push it in the other and it goes back to where it was. Not sure what you mean by optimised but the slower you turn the handle, the better things will hold together. Reynolds number is proportional to velocity so higher speed => higher Re => more momentum => less-ultra-laminar flow.

[@p3rtang]

@@eideticex I know got to love theoretical physics

[@ClaytonMcPherson]

@@MrBenjimun Thanks! That's what I intuitively thought about the rotational speed and raising the Re into turbulent levels. Since Food Coloring was added, the density/viscosity of the colored fluid was changed; would there be boundary layer conditions between the corn syrup and the colored corn syrup? I mean, there would be a limit to how many spirals you could form before the stacking becomes too packed and the layers are sheared/stretched/blended?

[@eekpie]

optimisation in my weird brain is the consistency of velocity and not the top speed. I assume there is a speed limit but how to perfect the return value is that of greater minds

[@sealim1713]

김주환 교수님의 내면소통 책 중 테일러 쿠에트 실험 설명 부분을 읽고 영상을 시청중입니다. 어렵게 느껴지는 내재적 질서 개념을 보다 쉽게 이해할 수 있게 되었습니다. 영상 감사합니다. The difficult concept of 'implicate order' is now easier to understand. thank you for the video

[@lootsorrow]

Huge missed opportunity not naming this channel Smarterer Every Day

[@율하-u2t]

영상의 도움을 받아 이해하고 있습니다. 감사합니다~

[@BeeWhere]

I was teaching abroad and loved using your videos in my classroom to inspire and intrigue the students. This is fascinating and thanks for sharing awesome experiments.

[@eekpie]

nice to see you smile, blushing with excitement like a school girl

[@americanrebel413]

NO FRACKING WAY! AWESOME! Thank guys!

[@huyked]

This is really cool. Learned something new and amazing today. Thank you, Destin.

[@CharlsonCKim]

12!!!!!!!!!!!! behaves like an extreme limit of an elastic cylinder plus ultra laminar! melted the brain. a very beautiful demonstration

[@manishbarle6589]

Wow! I always thought that all terms go zero and these hypothetical flow never existed! I'm flabbergasted!

[@hongkim3662]

I felt so happy watching this.

[@Frontline_dude]

What kinda birds do you have? That was the best soundtrack you have ever had for a video!!! And the experience was amazing, I was shocked with the 12

[@oscarmeow5348]

I am so awestruck, after that I feel like I have seen all there is to see. I will most definitely click that notification bell.

[@YouStEeLz]

Just noticed on the fastforward section that the bottom part of the cylinder is moving sideways. Quite sure it compresses the layers laterally and contributes to add the randomization factor. Adding a bearing at the base would improve the results.

[@YouStEeLz]

Now I'm thinking about it, air bubbles are also introducing randomization. A few minutes in a vacuum chamber could also help!

[@brandonscott2851]

Absolutely crazy how stuff like that works

[@reubenrosenberg7715]

Absolutely insane! INSANE!!! Destin, you rock! Keep bringing us all of this science!

[@malayapaul458]

for all the work that you do Destin, you deserve a lot, you're my fav KZbinr

[@davidquirk8097]

Awesome! (Best use of Corn Syrup too)

[@gregsimones9295]

That is a mindblower! I had as much fun seeing you be amazed as I did seeing it work.

[@MikeBramm]

We did this experiment in Physics class about 30 years ago. It's really cool how it works.

[@sandramorrison99]

Rock my world BUDDY, I aint your, guy, i aint your pal, Boy- I blew THAT South Park reference!!

[@colejohnson1929]

I love this video! Not only did I learn something, it was fun to watch! I’ve been watching smarter everyday for years now ; I love this show!

[@davidblanck4131]

Awesome behind the scenes, and also amazed it worked at that speed and close together.

[@TestkanaalPOC]

Whenever I feel low on enthousiasm, this will be the video I use to replenish it.

[@Aaron.Reichert]

I love these behind-the-scenes videos. I love when you get mind blown by your own experiments. And I love those bible verses you put at the end of your videos.

[@quantumcity6679]

I like that enthusiasm.... 😊

[@GrantS112]

That's absolutely incredible

[@jeremyedwards6626]

I show this experiment to my Fluid Mechanics course every semester and always get oohs and ahhs from the students. I suggest doing the experiment with a transparent media such as syrup so you can inject the dye away from the walls to avoid the no-slip BC. This is one of the best demonstrations of laminar flow! Don't cross the stream(line)s!

[@mnhorsewoman]

I love it when Destin asks, "How did that work?!"

[@arthurschwieger82]

What if the mix and un-mix were done at the same speed. If you hooked up a stepper motor, you could very accurately control the turning speed. Does it work better very slow or fast. Is it about the same when you do it slow and fast. You did 12 turns, how many can you do in that size container and still get it to un-wind? Love this one. Thank you for doing this. It brings out the curiosity in me.

[@iycgtptyarvg]

I would say slower is better. When you do it (too) fast you probably give too much momentum to the fluid which would then spread more(?)

[@siggyincr7447]

Strange, I received this video in my suggested videos, but the primary channel one didn't even show up in the sidebar of this video, despite being subscribed to both channels. Neat effect in any case. Keep up the good work.

[@HalfMonty11]

I'm really surprised you didn't mention in either video more of the science about how this works and how things such as the rate at which you turn and the inconsistency of your movement actually causes micro turbulence that affects how reversible it is.

[@Nawmps]

Whoa, Half Monty?! This is the strangest combination of things, I used to watch your videos all the time when I was a kid! How's it going, man?

[@HalfMonty11]

@@Nawmps Hey, its going well. Glad my videos were able to entertain you. Those were some fun years back when I was making videos. Your name sounds familiar, from comments perhaps. Hope things are going well for you too.

[@nathanaelholland]

MIND BLOWN! 😵🤓😃

[@marcusdire8057]

I'd love to see this again, but with something even more viscous, like honey. This is amazing!

[@S행복-z3o]

내면소통 타고 왔습니다. 내재적 질서의 개념^^

[@zackstetson7243]

New most satisfying thing on the internet!

[@stevewalston7089]

Very cool. Of course there has to be a limit to this in regards to the inner and out cylinder diameters, max number of turns, and viscosity of the fluid. Lots of physical experiments but I'm sure it was all worked out to equations. Very dramatic demonstration, and one that Julius Sumner Miller never did as far as I know.

[@mellissadalby1402]

Sometimes half of the entertainment value is in the faces that Destin makes when he's really geeking out on the current experiment. It's guys like this who will define the terms and parameters of the future IMHO.

[@MrUnit731]

I love this. This is making me all fuzzy inside.

[@msanders2605]

I had a dream like this, it looked just like the liquid, but the gentleman in my dream was trying to explain our universe to me, traveling light years in an instant. I remember the images, but the only words I can hear still "there is only the present, your physical world has been stretched out over time". No face just a voice. I will always remember

[@judywyse7088]

You always make us smile. Keep up the good work!!

[@stephanecaron8894]

Liked for Destin's look of pure wonder when the experiment actually works.

[@Roy_Godiksen]

Incredible... Simply amazing.

[@JacobSimpson]

That's awesome!

[@AplaTaSpaw]

Awesome video as always Destin ! What would have happened if you spun it faster and what is the angular velocity limit above which the colours mix irreversibly ?

[@falconerd343]

Exactly, at what speed does the "no slip boundary" begin to slip?

[@zerotohundred]

Awesome video! Didn't think it'll work at first 👍

[@filmfan4]

Brilliant!

[@royreynolds108]

That is impressive!

[@mikestopak4072]

This is so freaking neat! You should do this at a diagonal. I wonder how that would impact the look of the spiral.

[@adriangaleron3293]

Incredible. Hight qualiy content again and again. WHO is gonna skip forward any single second of this video?? Did you consider calling Mark Rober again and making a 3 axis dropper for injecting perfect shaped volumes for getting some nice accurate data about shearing differences along the 3 axis? with, for example, layers of different viscosity syrup? just wondering =).

[@bradleydennis210]

dude, 12x revolutions is absolutely insane

[@Jetpower485]

What if you filmed it with the reference frame to the inside cylinder?! Then you would see it clearly stretching out (skewing)! (Also: Is it still skewing if it only distorts in 1 direction?)

[@aidansharples7751]

It is called elongation and is caused by the bubbles and the atmospheric surface effect.

[@matthewspence8338]

Extensional or elongational flow and shearing are the main means of laminar mixing but by the same regard I think you're correct that skewing is more than one direction

[@darringreen8630]

Hey Destin. Love this and the related "other" chanel vid. Sent both to my kids to watch. Maybe inspire my 12 year old to do this as an experiment in 7th grade next year...but told him to research why this works so he can explain to the class.

[@marvinkitfox3386]

You need to rotate it slowly enough, and keep the acceleration up to speed low enough, so that inertial effects and centrifugal effects are many magnitudes smaller than the laminar shear forces. Jerky stop n start action is a big no-no. Also, the fluid needs to be ab-so-lu-te-ly homogenous. Those bubbles act as local distortion points. And are you sure that your cornsyrup+dye is the same viscosity as the pure cornsyrup? You will also find turbulent flow near the bottom (stationary base) and top (surface tension layer).

[@TomLeedsTheAtheist]

Destin, That is crazy, almost makes me believe time travel is possible.

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you .

[@kindkyle6766]

I dont think ive ever seen destins mind so blown. If i hadn't seen it in one of actionlabs videos (before it became stupid clickbait that succumbed to the algorithm) my mind would be blown too

[@AtrociousNightmare]

Woha that was even more impressive, if that's even possible!

[@feman43]

Very cool. I'd wager that if the inner drum didn't have run out the results would be even more impressive.

[@bunnykiller]

now if we could get Jupiter to spin backwards.... ;)

[@prachisharma463]

I don't get it.

[@jalshah8761]

Oh! My! God!!! Dude!!! That explains the whole cloud cover of Jupiter accurately!!! Just imagine... Jupiter has been spinning since the solar system was created.... I mean, can we undo n number of turns, to make the whole cloud cover disappear???? Mind = blown!!!

[@TwennyGeee]

I love the excited squirrels at the end lol

[@hassenfepher]

This the quest for the highest ctr thumbnail continues.

[@stephenjohann9578]

There is a part of me that wanted to see it with all primary colors. Loved as they mixed the different colors that appeared. Also would have been cool, albeit very difficult, to see the color from top to bottom and slightly more spread out. Regardless this is awesome as always!!

[@noahstephens7622]

Idea: mount a go pro (or whatever) on the end of the handle so it is always tracking the dots of color as they wind and unwind. Would be a really cool perspective of the cold of color all coming back in to focus, and the main dot would just form in the middle of the shot instead of looking like it is unwrapping from the inner cylinder.

[@aidansharples7751]

Remove all bubbles and you should be able to get at least 20 revolutions reversible with no visible "striation". Also a large distance between the inner and outer cylinders will reduce the bubble effect, to reduce surface effects place the indicator fluid at least 2/3rds down. My P.b is 38 with no visible change under 100x magnification. Yes rotation speed matters proportional to the viscosity of the fluid.

[@Finrecon1]

Yay, laminar flow, my favorite!

[@Abb0nz1]

Didn't know you had a second channel! Subscribed!

[@theafro]

Would it it worth trying that with a stepper motor to more accurately control the speed of rotation? I've got a feeling that could be a cause of the sheer-thinning distortion. even a small jerky movement could repesent quite a bit of acceleration on a micro level. just my tuppence! great video, reminds me of a thought-exeriment I head of once. take a setup like that, put a drop of ink(or colouring) in, turn the handle a couple of times then put another drop in a slightly different spot and repeat. when you unwind the handle (fast) you'll see an animation of a drop of ink moving through the fluid! probably impossible to actually do but provides a nice way to think about the nature of matter in the universe!

[@horsingaround5353]

Would you think there is a minimum and maximum speed? Too slow and will the sheer slip not work and to fast the same result. Would the spiral detach. Set up a test with automated spinner and see what the maximum number of rotation and if a speed plays a part in it.

[@EvanMoon]

Is like watching a Jack-in-the-Box. The most intense and scientific jack-in-the-Box ever

[@MissLilyputt]

This is so cool. I wish science had been this interesting in school.

[@ZacChilds]

you must have had bad science teachers

[@hotdrippyglass]

You really should do the the "extremely thin line that runs off center at 45 degrees" and then spin it until the line totally disappears and then spin it back to watch it "materialize out of nothing". It will give you goose bumps.

[@milesmcdonald4367]

This is amazing

[@snaprollinpitts]

that was tooooo freeaking weird to believe, how do you explain this. cool video thanks

[@sexkrazedpanda]

oh yeah this second channel goodness in it raw form, now in onmy if i could meme picture comment.

[@RebelScum409]

Destin, my father is a high school food science/Agriculture/Welding teacher. I think that this demonstration would be awesome in a classroom setting. How many times do you think it would work if done slowly on a stable surface? I'm curious if it would be a one time demo (Per Class Period) or a classroom staple. Keep it up!

[@AMRosa10]

It wasn't noticeable at normal speed, but when you sped up the footage, you notice that there is a wobble at the bottom of the inner drum... Maybe that created a small amount of turbulence and is why you got the wispiness when you tried to get back to the initial state.

[@tildeballentin]

that's amazing

[@NIGHTOWL-jf9zt]

I've seen this before. The basic short explaination is that as long as the colors are not allowed to free flow or mix in the medium, they will all return to their order in reverse provided you dont over mix the colors. if that makes any sense

[@bluenadas]

High speed shows your bottom was wobbling, results would have been better if that was stationary.

[@SmarterEveryDay2]

Oh wow interesting. Sure enough.

[@bluenadas]

@@SmarterEveryDay2 I'm guessing that perturbation isn't consistent and it might be the cause of that slight smear you're seeing given it is technically an uncontrolled and irreversible interaction. But still...freakin awesome

[@lukefricke2968]

“Your bottom was wobbling”........I wasn’t looking

[@notacat2423]

Beat me to it

[@bluenadas]

@@lukefricke2968 you should have been 😉