The shape-shifting skulls of dinosaurs | Jack Horner | TEDxVancouver

[@Godzillarex]

Very interesting presentation! I hope these theories are present in newer books about dinosaurs. To think that Torosaurus is in reality the Blastoise, if you will, and Triceratops is the Wartortle.

[@jaisanatanrashtra7035]

And Haast eagle is the talon flame

[@michaelmackprang1135]

This reminds me of when I was little. When I looked at the restorations, I thought, "Oh look! A Tyrannosaurus!" And then I would read the plaque, Tarbosaurus. I could never keep the number of teeth and shape of the skulls straight. Good thing to know now that I wasn't too far off :)

[@Pssybart]

Jack Horner has become some kind of a Dino Myth Buster. He has also long argued that T-Rex was a pure scavenger. So far, T-Rex has withstood the test and remains an active predator to most scientists but we should appreciate that Horner actually goes out to test these animals. It forces us to re-examine our evidence and it many times corrects overlooked errors.

[@conan1174]

Jack Horner, Bob Bakker, Phil Currie, and Gregory S. Paul where some of heroes of Paleontology when I was growing up. 20= Years later I'm still fascinated by dinosaurs and scientists, like Horner, are to me anyway, still the best.

[@MirahCarter]

Good video. Makes science fun!

[@Bobfermasan]

Would defo go back to school just to have a teacher like him.

[@Velox415]

Wow. Jack Horner looks so old. :s I remember watching him as a kid. How old is he; he's only like 60 or 65 I thought?

[@Digitizeddragon]

The crap is really gonna hit the fan when they get around to cutting open sauropods 0_0

[@ChowMeinChowdown]

@MarkArandjus In the beginnings of light microscope development, sections from plants and animals were manually prepared using razor blades. It was found that to observe the structure of the specimen under observation it was important to make clean reproducible cuts on the order of 100 µm, through which light can be transmitted. This allowed for the observation of samples using light microscopes in a transmission mode. I think main reason is because most labs aren't using digital microscopes.

[@solank7620]

This is interesting, and he may well be right. But he's stating disputed ideas as fact. From the Torosaurus wiki, "In 2011, 2012 and 2013, however, studies of external features of known specimens have claimed that morphological differences between the two genera preclude their synonymy. The main problems are a lack of good transitional forms, the apparent existence of authentic Torosaurus subadults, different skull proportions independent of maturation and the assertion that hole formation at an adult stage is not part of a normal ceratopsian maturation sequence."

[@rwatson2609]

I agree, he may be stating disputed ideas as facts but it just seams like the norm these days. Nowadays truth has become blurred and it shows up in all parts of our society for a variety of reasons. Do you remember the OJ Simpson case? Or when when Clinton was accused of fooling around with whats her name? why can't we find truth anymore? I don't know the answer. Sadly however, where there is lots of money involved there tends to be enough skill to blurr truth.

[@inyobill]

He's stating facts, and advancing ideas to explain them. Other experts will examine the facts, look to see if his ideas fit the facts, in such case the theory will be changed.That's how science works. He may be wrong in some, or all, cases, but maybe not.

[@S0XF0X]

SAY WHAT?! Best video ever!

[@davidkelly8278]

Actually Brontosaurus was Albertosaurus with a Brachiosaurus skull put on to make it look different... Scientists like to name stuff. lol

[@laserfan17]

T.rex was not a damn scavenger!! the differences between both are: Cranial features: teeth design, skull size, musculature joints, fenestrae, solid fused nasals etc. Leg features: Relatively longer distals, larger femur, different hip joints, different locomotion adaptations. Size: Juvenile T.rex was 5-6.4 m long, A full grown V. mongliensis was 1,8-2 m long. T.rex hunted using both head and neck as one massively powerful weapon to overpower, Velociraptor used claws and tearing teeth to kill.

[@ChowMeinChowdown]

@sonofpikaia My apologies for misunderstanding your question. Well, the T-Rex is different from the velociraptor on so many different levels. I'm sure just a simple Wiki on both of them is going to reveal quite a bit. But I'd like to give your question a shot - First, they are different on morphological grounds (proportions, anatomy, size, osteometrics, etc). Second, behavorial (probably scavenger vs hunter) and biomechanical differences. Third, genetics. In fact, do check out their cladograms.

[@rameyzamora1018]

Wow. Very good!!

[@michaelkraemer5846]

It's because children are the biggest fans of dinosaurs. I can ask a 24 year old average joe to name 10 dinosaurs, and he'd probably only get 5 (t.Rex, triceratops, velociraptor, brontosaurus, stegosaurus), but if I ask a 5 year old to name 20 dinosaurs, he or she could do it with ease.

[@Buitreaux]

I just did a small experiment. got to 50 and stoped. 36 years old.

[@yokeimon]

Jack Horner was consulted for the Jurassic Park franchise before, maybe they'll talk to him again.

[@Mutubeish]

this is fun! =)

[@Elyphaleth]

Great! Now I must to forget a lot of dinosaur's names!

[@Bobfermasan]

English subtitles have NO correlation with the video. Good Job!

[@daniel-zh9nj6yn6y]

Automatic English is good, though. (I'm writing this for future viewers)

[@jameslee-mv2px]

why do u have to wreck it for me... :( i have to unlearn all the dinosaurs now

[@BeezleBozo]

This man kills Dinosaurs! I SHALL NAME HIM DINOBANE!

[@laserfan17]

Never assume something without facts? ok, but the fact that T.rex and every other large carnivorous dinosaurs had the necessary weapons to be succesful hunters is undeniable.

[@olyolyoxenfr]

I find it interesting how even I, a junior in High School, can disprove or at least rationalize against all or most of the points made in this video. Dracorex is Stygimoloch, but both are probably not Pachycephalosaurus. Torosaurus is most certainly not Triceratops. Nanotyrannus is not Tyrannosaurus, we have real juvenile Tyrannosaurs and they are not Nanotyrannus. However, Anatotitan Is probably Edmontosaurus, which is a shame, because Anatotitan is a pretty cool sounding name.

[@inyobill]

"Reasoning" without access to the original material, advanced training in comparative anatomy, …, wow.

[@debbiejudd6447]

Prove everything you say. Dare you. Oops you cant. So be quiet jackass

[@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013]

@@debbiejudd6447 Which side are you on?

[@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013]

Agree. And most palaeontologists refuse to look at the true juveniles. Same with tooth count, rexes have 11-13 in the maxilla and 12-15 in the dentary.

[@sonofpikaia]

Why is velocyraptor not a jong T-rex?

[@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013]

Because they are not in the same family and they lived completely different places from each other

[@paulapoo82]

He states that he never published his theories on predatory dinosaurs, only that he was using that theory to teach children to never assume something without facts.

[@louis424]

@givenupsasuke the fact that he mentions them twice in 20 minutes? yes, you are the only one.

[@XazoTak]

What are you watching this from? I'm using XP and it appears on this very video.

[@TroyKeenan]

*Apatosaurus not Albertosaurus

[@debbiejudd6447]

Wrong jackasd

[@spexi513]

💚💚💚

[@mundolaguna]

yo que me senti bien informado ahora, y veo que es del 2011 ¬¬

[@101mossie]

My retriever puppy is really just a young Falkor.

[@christoph-simonsenjak6454]

Why did he have to cut them open? Wouldn't it be possible to use non-destructive methods like MRI?

[@Buitreaux]

You need to see the histology, meaning the celular and tissue level details. MRI does not work there, and neither does CT.

[@inyobill]

As Diego said, you need to be able to examine the fine-scale morphology, which may not be apparent using non-invasive techniques. Do you not believe that these researchers would be aware of MRI?

[@humanistreason]

Congrats! you able entitled to apply for museum curator

[@Mutubeish]

@Mutubeish yea and interesting!

[@hechoenjap]

He reminds me of Chevy Chase

[@MultiRajasohail]

i love dinosoure like a mentel

[@sonofpikaia]

@ChowMeinChowdown No it's not a joke. I do not mean to say that I think a velocyreptor is a jong T-rex, I just wane know explicit what the arguments are? I never studied dinos so i don't know, I'm just interested in the answer?

[@raintown]

@1davidlister1 Ha! yeah they get the jokes. Brilliant!

[@WEAREONEOFMANY1]

I would like to see this guy in the British collection, there's mislabeling all over the place.

[@laserfan17]

He talked about ONTOGENETIC changes, didnt you hear? Torosaurus was identical to Triceratops just with some features like curved horns and a larger size, explained by ontogeny. N. lancencis was a juvenile Tyrannosaurus and It is Identical to the juvenile Tyrannosaurus specimens we have, the difference between N. lancencis in proportions respective to T.rex is just due to individual variations and due to ontogeny.Do not underrate scientist Works, that is ridiculous, specially by someone like you

[@debbiejudd6447]

Prove it i dare you you cant lmao jackass

[@LockeShocke]

Did anybody else think that this was not funny at any of the places that people laughed?

[@MrKrtek00]

That was really puzzling part of the talk.

[@MarkArandjus]

Wait... so Dinosaurs grew like Pokemon? BTW why physically cut them up, why not use some type of scanner or an x-ray?

[@TheLivirus]

I find it really hard to belive that sawing the bones apart is the least destructive way to determine if they're spoungy or not. What about Xrays? What about comparing their densities?

[@inyobill]

Non-invasive methods don't yield the required detail.

[@NotShowingOff]

You can do x-rays on things that are alive because live bones are different. They have nutrients and heal.

[@elementx9]

That wasn't really disproving, you didn't provide any evidence to back this up... You just sort of contradicted him. Anyone can say "Torosaurus is certainly not Triceratops." Proof please.

[@Tareltonlives]

He had to make sure none of his dignity and credibility survived.

[@SpelKille]

@ImAnotherZang I doubt that would work with fossilized bones.

[@kaitlynkennell7346]

Wow you lot need to go back to school it's not a theory it's facts and hard evidence very interested in seeing how expansive things really were genetically back then with all these false claims being torn down anything can be the next Pluto

[@thomasbenton915]

There is so much false information out there about dinosaurs. If you believe everything they told you in school you're brainwashed my friend.

[@Sykora727]

Does anyone else think this guy sounds like the Joker?

[@piecheese1214]

Scientists: They like to name things.

[@1davidlister1]

@closestcontinuer because they get the jokes

[@maxjjk]

@Tareltonlives Oh really? Care to provide evidence like Mr. Horner rather than just spewing objections?

[@ginatkins372]

Dinosaurs soft tissue? What do you say?

[@inyobill]

Please stay6 on topic. This nothing to do with long-term preservation of soft tissue.

[@laserfan17]

he is Smart one of the smartest palaeontologists in the world, but come on, T.rex is a proven predator, and his theories about predatory dinosaurs are pathethic. still, i am now convinced that he was far smarter than i though. I was in a mistake :/

[@debbiejudd6447]

No it hasnt its all theory. Prove it

[@debbiejudd6447]

Shut up nobody likes a cry baby

[@RAMSES777100]

ALLOMETRIC CRANIAL ONTOGENY

[@ramavlogdeaf6392]

Tail artificial piegien features collect the artificial tail pl coment

[@Tareltonlives]

@Pssybart Or rather, Dino MythMAKER since most of his theories make no biological sense.

[@timcross2510]

there are no dinosaur bones around these days.there exist things that the bones were able to fossilize into. just sayin

[@seniorfrog7391]

The trouble is Horner is WRONG !! He said the nano Trano is a juvenile T-Rex and he is WRONG !! They have scans on skulls of the nano Trano and it is MUCH different than a T-Rex !! The inner ear is in a different spot and the brain has different shape and parts then a T-Rex !! Does he want us to believe that the inner ear would move and that parts of the brain would just go away when this animal grew ?? I don't think so !! It looks like to me a Mr Horner wants his name on something but all the dinos are already named !!

[@inyobill]

Did you not catch that he recognized, and pointed out the differences?

[@ChowMeinChowdown]

@sonofpikaia I hope this is a joke.

[@ginatkins372]

This man is afraid of hidden truths!

[@SiChuanChilli]

why those people keep laughing when it's not funny at all, so disruptive and annoying

[@StrainOfThought]

SiChuanChilli You're just not getting the joke.

[@SiChuanChilli]

Strain Of Thought yea right.

[@Robertotherium]

+SiChuanChilli You'll be sorry for mocking at a dyslexic man, that's why Horner has a hard time speaking, not because he tries to be fun, but because he cannot speak quick as most of us do. Try not to be rude if you don't know the circumstances. Have a nice day.

[@SiChuanChilli]

Robertotherium I don't think you got what I said there, but whatever :)

[@heheheheheeho]

+Robertotherium So the people in the audience are laughing AT Jack Horner? Is that what you're saying?

[@indowntime1966]

Dinosaurs are a fiction imagination delusion...Period. A comic book at best. Yet, my favorite is the fictional triceratops.

[@timetravellerregisteredtra850]

there are no ancient stories of dinosaurs, a nineteenth century invention, but global memories of dragons. now we know why. these dragon looking "dinosaurs" were indeed the dragons of myth and legend.

[@SevenPr1me]

except extensive geological and radiometric dating of dinosaurs has determined them to be greater than 65 million years old and this dating is consistent THROUGHOUT ALL DINOSAUR FOSSILS. dragons sound cool but they are a fantasy creature that combined what would have been considered the most terrifying creatures. also its a misconception that all cultures have dragons. instead, it's that all cultures have depictions of terrifying beasts, and you intrepet them all to be dragons. your conspiracy theory is debunked very easily and with just 5 minutes of research too

[@HerrBaton]

7th vancouver talk I watch. Nobody really interesting spoke there. I'm suspecting all the inteligentia is extinct in that city.

[@Tareltonlives]

Bullshit.

[@TheXOoftheRO]

4:33 and 99% of atheists believe that. wow I feel sorry for people that dont realize Dinos were called Dragons for thousands of years, and always lived with man.

[@fleshanthos]

I would feel sorry for braindead idiots like yourself, but you spread your uneducated fantasy among children, dumbing them down to your level of abysmal stupidity. Stop damaging humanity.

[@ethancowgill6142]

Atheism has nothing to do with Dinosaurs. It is the position on a single claim. In fact, there is only one thing all atheists can agree on. And if you were scientifically literate you wouldn't make a claim as absurd as the one you just regurgitated.

[@fleshanthos]

Ethan Cowgill [sarcasm]Not to worry, pillbox gets their info from a very *reliable* source: National Enquirer and the bible of his gaaahhhhddd.[/sarcasm] pfffffttttt HAHAHAHAHAHAHA I knew I couldn't say "reliable" and keep a straight face.

[@Ash_Sentam]

MG42pillbox, I know what you mean, but let's give Jack Horner credit where credit's due. Truth is, he's a great scientist. Yes, it's sad that he's not willing to consider the Bible's record of creation in Genesis and Job, but that's partly because he started with the evolutionary assumption.

[@fleshanthos]

It's not an assumption. You are ignorant of what Science is. Science requires PROOF. If there is no proof, it cannot be called "Science". There is therefore NO assumption. It relies only on PROOF. It can rely on nothing else. You can start to understand that by taking a little bit of philosophy courses. Of course, your religion will be endangered by learning sophisticated thinking.