Ten Minute History - The Early Spanish and Portuguese Empires (Short Documentary)

[@Ruminations09]

"He decided to stop off at the Philippines in order to be murdered." I love your deadpan humor.

[@mihaisus32244]

No replies

[@DrLennieSmall]

@@mihaisus32244 None required, a statement offact such as this rewuires no addition.

[@mihaisus32244]

@@DrLennieSmall i guess you're right

[@nb2008nc]

Somewhat eaten too as I recall

[@MrHossain35]

Hey that’s my country

[@metan616]

Here in Portugal, there's a legend that one day King Sebastião will return in a foggy day because he died in a battle in a foggy day

[@metan616]

@Gagan Singh ppl here really liked him becuse he was very charismatic and inspiring, when the news came that Sebastião was dead ppl got really sad

[@ezequiel717]

@@metan616 He Will return My Brother, just Wait.

[@swagonometry223]

Didn’t he die from attempting a crusade in Morocco?

[@metan616]

@@swagonometry223 yes but people made this legend to have some faith that he would return

[@tugadmundo]

@@swagonometry223 old wifes tales . He will be back in a morning of fog and the people will follow Him to a new age of happiness and glory.

[@teddybeddy123]

'In order to be murdered' You're killing me man

[@Omni-kyun]

I cracked up at that as well. :)

[@kyledolor5257]

In our history, he's merely a villain. I didn't know how he was that important until I grew older.

[@teddybeddy123]

What did he do that was so bad?

[@kyledolor5257]

Well, the narrative was he started the invasion or colonialism. It's probably hindsight, so Lapu-Lapu, was considered our first hero. Even though there was no concept of a nation throughout the whole island. I would say our real hero against colonialism was the polymath Jose Rizal, but we're only talking about Magellan.

[@teddybeddy123]

Okay, interesting

[@obeservador98]

The Portuguese colonial strategy was very clever for such a small nation with so little labor force definitely one of the most intelligent and interesting empires in history...

[@pauloramosseara1470]

With a population of 1.1 million in the year 1500, nearly 500 thousand inhabitants were somehow involved in the overseas exploration.

[@JorgeF2021]

So true....

[@Tethloach1]

It was the most logical option given their situation.

[@107598]

watch the dutch colonial. even a smaller country doing also quite good and even beating the English . before getting trampled by the French by land

[@Ganue512]

portugal discovered the most countries in history and was the wealthiest and had the strongest navy plus portugal were the first to discover north America way before Columbus out anyone else and they were the first pirates ever. and portugal discovered Australia too!!!!

[@1982kinger]

Portugal is one of those countries that most people know little about... however their lagacy is everywhere

[@Omerath9]

Phil Ad You just proved his point. Go read a bit more.

[@flashfm7456]

For example, in the food we eat. Much of it originated in different parts of the world, but was introduced to Western dinner tables by Portuguese explorers and traders.

[@manelpaulino1251]

Phil Ad brasil, angola, mozmbique, guine bissau, sao tome e principe, southern india, macau, timor all speak portuguese. And lets not forget brazil is an enourmos country

[@joselugo4536]

To think that for 2 centuries the Global Slave Trade was a Portuguese monopoly.

[@br3menPT]

@Phil Ad they built the first global empire ever!!!!!

[@doristheslug9609]

-Well i guess we'll have to find another way to india Portugal

[@poochthedog1]

Lol the History of the entire world I guess video

[@bananatank9048]

Vasco de gama did it

[@joselugo4536]

Following closely the guidance of a Gujarati trader, who routinely did the commercial route between Africa and India.

[@gilzineto]

Portugal: I'll find a route to India... Is that India? Geography: No... Portugal: Ive just found India then!! Geography: Dafuq?

[@canonicstory]

Viva Portugal

[@Armor2able]

As a portuguese myself i would like to congratulate you on your historical accuracy.

[@dylanescoo]

Como brasileiro, pensei o mesmo.

[@chrisnyasia7]

Not enough accuracy, so it seems... Why? Well, for starters, he made no mention of the Arab influence on the iberian peninsula at the time; the Moors had conquered the peninsula 800 years previous (700's ad) under Tariq ibn Aziz and were there ever since. The Moors actually raided north over the pyrenees into France as far as tours, France only to be stopped by Charles Martel (Charles the hammer) father of pepin the short, and grandfather to charlemagne... The Moorish invasion wained and eventually settled back across the pyrenees into Spain/Portugal and exerted their hegemony and influence there. (Also changing the bloodlines) The Moors had a direct line to Arabia which at that point was the world's leading authority in medicine, Earth sciences, mathematics, astronomy, navigation, ship building and the like... It's the reason the iberian peninsula never actually experienced a dark age... Tbh, the world's oldest "university" is in Seville; not to mention all the Arab architecture that inundates the entire peninsula to this day--- in a nutshell, Arabic technology is the sole reason Spain and Portugal were the first European countries to leave Europe on ships headed in southerly and westerly directions... Are you kidding me, How could he leave this out???

[@jacintovski]

@@chrisnyasia7 the moors had some influence, but our success was mainly due to geography and political stability, really...

[@awormnamedscoobis3419]

chrisnyasia7 Because it wasn’t needed to be noted. It was about their Empires,not their homelands.

[@kiwiknuckles8596]

chrisnyasia7 yeah but the Catholics kicked the arabs out.

[@MartyFox]

It's worth noting that Fernão de Magalhães was Portuguese, but he was fired by Portugal and went to work for Spain. His crew was mostly Spanish and they all hated him.

[@Pleittor]

yes Magallanes was Portuguese but he became a Spanish citizen and was given money to circumvent the world. The deputy commander was Sebastian el Cano, Basque, who finished circumventing the world as Magallanes, who apparently was stubborn and ill tempered died in the Philippines. the part that his crew hated Magallanes is another black legend, such as the Spanish inquisition. The British, Dutch and Portuguese have been giving Spain many false black legends. It is about time to bring truth to these historical events. The British empire has the honour to be the number one killers and have committed genocide around the world. Congratulations, nation of killers.

[@GabrielSoares-ju9yq]

@@Pleittor In the crew, as a pilot, was a portuguese named Carvalhinho. It was a 'degredado' in brasil that was picked up in Cabo Frio Rio de Janeiro. Carvalhinho even had a son and both went on the expedition. When in southeast asia he and his son were dropped on an uknown island as the crew lost confidence on him since he was portuguese.

[@Yanramich]

@@Pleittor it is always the basque who finish the job,really.

[@Yanramich]

@Rick K... Australia?

[@Yanramich]

@Rick KMy point is not to make the Portuguese or Spanish look better,but who did the worst. Let me remind what Lieutenant Moore or others did back in Australia. I'm not telling that those guys back in Iberia are better, but to tell that you are not also.

[@cs-mi8ur]

Fun fact: When Portuguese landed in India,they thought local Hindus were actually christians until they came in contact of local Syriac orthodox christians.

[@zap3231]

Prester John baby!

[@connorgolden4]

I’m a but confused about this statement. They thought they were Christians UNTIL they met the local Syriac Christians? I’m confused.

[@zap3231]

@@connorgolden4 What that means is, they thought every Hindu was Christian untill they met the orthodox christian community and realized Christianity was actually a minority there.

[@HolyKhaaaaan]

@@zap3231 in other words, they met the Saint Thomas Christians, but then also met the Malankara Church under the Orthodox?

[@zap3231]

@@HolyKhaaaaan Yea basically

[@LONGshot-tf8cf]

“Damn” said England and France “We gotta start pillaging stuff”

[@tjb_6203]

r/suddenlybillwurtz

[@Jarmint]

"Damn" said Amsterdam "We gotta start pillaging some stuff"

[@purohueso5644]

everyone knows that the English were always the pirates of the world, always trying to attack the Spanish empire

[@juanmoreno267]

@@purohueso5644 yes that is true

[@said.c]

CHINA IS WHOLE AGAIN THEN IT BROKE AGAIN

[@DielsonSales]

Funny thing is, when Vasco da Gama finally reached India (a whole new world for them), they found a Tunisian merchant there who spoke to them in Castilian, to their amusement. The merchant was confused about why the Portuguese (a completely ignored country up to that time) sent ships there. He asked why not the Castilians, the French or the Venetians. And of course, Gama was very offended by the question.

[@jeanlundi2141]

That's weird considering Castillans started sailing the seas AFTER the Portuguese. At least from what I know. The Venetians are a different matter.

[@DielsonSales]

@@jeanlundi2141 yes, but they had some knowledge of the layout of Europe at the time and assumed if a country was gonna do it eventually, it would be a powerful or wealthy/influential kingdom.

[@jeanlundi2141]

@@DielsonSales Yes but Portugal wasn't much different from Spain in terms of influence at the time, was it? From what little I know from history back then, not really.

[@DielsonSales]

@@jeanlundi2141 Well, I can’t speak about what I don’t know, but I imagine the fact there were merchants in India who did speak Castilian and not Portuguese might be relevant.

[@ARCPolus]

@@jeanlundi2141 The fact that Spaniards started sailing after the Portuguese is not entirely true. On a global scale, yes, but the Kingdom of Aragon had built up an Empire in the mediterranean by the time the reconquista was over.

[@HistoryMatters]

A few things. Expect a new video at least every three weeks since that length of time seems to work well for me. I'm currently trying to find a balance between visual humour and factual content and I'm leaning towards visual jokes over spoken ones since it allows me to put more info in the video but I'd still like some feedback if you have any. Thanks for watching as well.

[@Alex-vd9kk]

Ten Minute History The sarcastic quips you make are great. Keep them in!

[@Gio954]

But dude it's too good :( I've watched them all and now I need more .-. , your art style is very funny btw, keep up the good work, whenever you feel like covering more portuguese history, or brazilian... hint, hint, I'd appreciate

[@paulanderson7923]

Ten Minute History The British isles

[@ryans930]

One of my favorite new channels.

[@matheuscarvalhais954]

Ten Minute History visual jokes over spoken ones is the best way to go!

[@Geobacter]

Huh.... I didn't expect to see the Spanish Inquisition.

[@soundsleep5470]

No one did...

[@merrittanimation7721]

Hannibal Barca Their chief weapon is surprise.

[@jghamann]

Surprise and fear.

[@garykearney416]

Suprise, fear and fanatical loyalty to the Pope

[@hollawar1391]

I know its a joke. But just for some cultural knowledge, actually the spanish inquisition didn't even reached to kill 5000 people in several centuries. In germany and france, though, people were killed and burnt for thousands every year. But black legend I guess

[@HistoryMatters]

The next episode is 'The Russian Revolution (1894 - 1939). What else would you like to see?

[@farrelganendrapurnomo7729]

Ten Minute History Suleiman the magnificent

[@ollehedin-ekvall1378]

Ten Minute History the swedish great era of power, not so much info about that, Love this channel btw

[@TheLucktard]

Ten Minute History Kalmar Union would be a delight

[@marthamati2561]

Ten Minute History Middle East Caliphates

[@magma1lord]

as a dutch i would love to see you do the 80 year war, or the dutch revolt.

[@Cidrecngo]

"Because he stopped at the philippines in order to be murdered" Gotta love this guys humor

[@harrisonshone7769]

"He didn't see the end of the voyage though since he decided to stop off at the Philippines in order to be murdered."

[@randomguyonyoutubewithnovi6738]

This was 9:59 not 10 minutes. I feel cheated. Disliked and unsubbed

[@blitcut9712]

I want my money back.

[@kenllacer]

I'm filing charges!

[@lvcc11]

I Want my view back

[@autumnmorgan525]

Phil Ad it was obviously a joke.

[@anthonykatsivalis224]

Hahahahaha LAWSUIT!

[@jesusizquierdo3831]

As a Mexican I liked how this video does not demonize either side of the conflict. Despite everything I actually like the fact that such a huge part of the world is part of one big family.

[@ramamohanrao5280]

That being said, Cortez and the other conquistadors absolutely saw the natives as sub-human therefore warranting their derision and contempt. Goes to show how sickening and self jerking off the catholic kingdoms were at that point in time, to instill such despicable values unto their champions and subjects.

[@Tago-h1b]

@@ramamohanrao5280 Deja de inventarte las cosas, es infantil y quedas como un estúpido.

[@RaffleRaffle]

​@@ramamohanrao5280Not true cortes and his wife (the daughter of Montezuma) made sure that the spanish settlers didn't abuse the natives as it was illegal but not 100% followed. Mestizaje also happened immediately so it wouldn't make sense because if u see someone as sub human u don't start a family with them (which now makes the majority of mexico, central america, and south america, except Argentina and Uruguay)

[@kratos-gj1ml]

​@@ramamohanrao5280False, spanish empire won't even force the indigenous people to learn spanish. The priest have to learn the native lenguagues and in fact the did the gramática of náhuatl and quechua y order to do. It was after the independencias that the spanish became the como lenguague

[@thedownhillerboy]

It turns out that Brazil was actually loaded with gold but it only came to light a couple decades later I think,which's probably why this fact wasn't mentioned in this ultra summarized but very cool to watch and listen documentary video...Good job done uploader.

[@RafitoOoO]

Yeah, the first gold mine was found in Brazil in 1697 only. Almost 200 years later.

[@guifdcanalli]

The brazilian gold rush came almost 200 years after the first colonies

[@loubaxo9339]

The region of Brazil that had gold was not discovered neither occupied by the Portuguese at the time

[@bconni2]

a couple centuries later, not decades.

[@bconni2]

couple centuries later. not decades

[@higochumbo8932]

Again, Spain was already a superpower before the silver and gold from the Americas had a significant impact. They had been consistently beating the French in the Italian Wars since as early as 1503 (Battles of Cerignola and Garigliano), while the main conquests of the Spanish in America happened much latter (Aztecs around 1520 and Incans after 1530). Most of the main colonial gold and silver mines were discovered after 1545. By then Spain had already subdued most of Italy, inherited the Habsburg dominions and secured the crown of the Holy Roman Empire (paying the elector princes with loans from german bankers and Castilian taxes, not with american silver). They had also revolutionized military tactics in the early 16th century, developing the joint Pike&Shot formations seen in their Tercios, which would let them dominate the battlefields of Europe for 150 years. Giving credit for the rise to power of Spain to the income from America is just unfair. If anything, all that gold and silver did nothing but destroy the Spanish Empire, creating huge inflation problems and making their rulers squander funds in pointless affairs.

[@xenotypos]

"They had been consistently beating the French in the Italian Wars since as early as 1503" It depends what you call consistently, let's say the majority of the Italian wars, a notable part were won by the french, and some were even inconclusive. In general though, it's true that Spain remained dominant in Italy and not France. Is that enough to be a "superpower" ? I don't know. The Ottoman empire was clearly more powerful, except during Charles V's reign since he had other titles. But then again, as opposed to what you're suggesting, the Holy Roman Empire was Charles's possession, not Spain's. Spain was only one of the possession of Charles, which should I remind you comes from an Austrian dynasty (that's actually the main reason why he was emperor of the HRE: Austria). Personal unification is different from "taking over", all the territories of the Habsburg empire were distinct. Spain still was dominant in Europe, but I believe that in continental Europe it was a relative dominance (expect during Charles V reign), "superpower" seems really a very big word for me, clearly too common nowadays.

[@higochumbo8932]

Charles the Vth was already the greatest monarch in Europe before the income from the Americas had a significant impact. He was recognized as ruler of the HRE as early as 1520, again, way before Amrica had had an impact, and by then the Spanish were already at almost at the peak of their territorial expansion in Europe. The Ottomans were probably more powerful than the Spanish during Charles the Vth rule, but it's hard to assess that, since they never got into significant conflicts with each other. After Vienna and Lepanto and the further expansion of the Spanish colonies, you might consider that Spain was ahead. But you yourself say that the top powers in the first half of the XVI century (aka, before the gold from America had an impact) were Spain and the Ottomans... if clearly being one of the two most powerful states in the most powerful continent in the world at the time does not make you a superpower, I don't know what does. Charles came from an Austrian Dynasty as much as he came from Spanish or Burgundian Dynasties. He was king of Spain before he was Holy Roman Emperor. The current kings of Spain come from a french dynasty and the current queen of England from a german dynasty... so what? Charles' father, Philipp, was King of Spain and duke of Burgundy but never was Archduke of Austria, her mother was Queen (not consort) of Spain, his direct descendants stayed as rulers of Spain and not of Austria, and he retired in Spain... I'd say the Spanish ascendance takes precedence. He did not "technically" own the HRE, but he had control over it, to the point that he was able to set his brother as heir there. And even if you want to leave the HRE out, you still have to consider the Spanish DIRECTLY owning the richest region in the north (Low Countries), one of the richest cities in the south (Milan), had the support of both german and genuese bankers and many of the main italian states (Savoy, Tuscany...), an alliance with the only other global empire of the time (Portugal) as well as with England and was keeping in check the other main western european power (France). Which is to say... save for France and Venice, west of the Ottomans, Spain owned half of Europe and had the other half under its influence. And I'm not going to go as far as to get to the time of Lepanto, St. Quentin or the union with Portugal. By your same arguments you can't call the United States a superpower because their dominance is relative. Spain had dominions in all the known continents, directly owned the richest regions in Europe, indirectly owned many more, kept in check the other two most powerful states of the time ALLIED TOGETHER, dominated the battlefields for 150 years, owned the largest empire since the Mongols... I don't know, none of that sounds like "regional power" to me. And yes, personal union is not the same as "taking over", but as the United States show nowdays, you don't really have to own a country to rule over it. In any case, my point was that Spain was, alongside the Ottomans, THE power in Europe already in the early XVI Century (like under Charles V) before they had even discovered the main metal mines in South America, so you cannot discredit Spanish/Habsburg successes during that time using "they were only powerful because of american gold and silver" as an argument. Even before Charles the Vth they were already steamrolling over the French (like the Great Captain during the ITalian Wars).

[@freekmulder3662]

@@higochumbo8932 In Dutch history Charles the V is really important because he united part of the Low Countries and established the border with Germany (RIP Rhineland and East-Frisia). I always find it fascinating how a guy born in Ghent became the Duke of Burgundy, Lord of the Netherlands, King of Castile and Aragon, King of Germany, King of Italy and the Holy Roman Empire. An impressive record

[@Alejojojo6]

@@lopezdecastilla What the fuck are you saying? He is completely right, and I have a degree in History as well. Spain was already a superpower when Isabel and Ferdinand married, they had a powerful army, respect, and a huge territory. Thats why christopher went to see them after the Portuguese rejected him. Spain and Portugal where seen as growing superpowers of their time. All the Silver from Potosi taken during the time of the Spanish Empire is mined nowadays in 1 year. Most of the gold and silver taken in the Colonies was actually spent on wars by Philippe II in the Netherlands and fighting the protestants or was invested back in building infraestructure in the Colonies. And It took very long for the Spanish to get an efficient way of mining the mines successfully. For spain the little gold and silver that entered the country, actually destroyed its penninsular economy, destroying the inicial industrial centers that were being created in cities in Central Spain, such as Toro, León, Zamora, Valladolid, etc... and well... Wealth can come from many sources, and industrial cities can be a source of wealth on its own.. look at Flanders,all its wealth originated on its industry and later commerce of that industrial production. And by the way, Spain has its own gold mines. Actually during the roman period, the largest mining and silver mines of the Roman empire where in Spain, with most coins being printed there. The ores didnt go empty until recent times with some still existing today.

[@samarkand1585]

Ah yes the Habsburg, famous Spanish dynasty, had secured the Holy Roman empire uh. Can't be the other way around

[@tcc5750]

So good. I love how at 9:45 you say Empires shouldn't be seen as good or uniformly evil, another reason why I enjoy your videos so much. :)

[@josueborgesexposito4397]

TCC Same here

[@TomDeWeerdt1]

@Sjwaria Law What?

[@TomDeWeerdt1]

@Sjwaria Law I can't make any sense of your comment.

[@TomDeWeerdt1]

@Sjwaria Law haha XDXDX u ar *le phunny banterman xDD!11!!! See? Ironic shitposting is still shitposting

[@gggggggggggggggggg161]

@Sjwaria Law Oh god people who talk like that and basically hate education are the reason america has its head in it's own ass

[@yoshilorak5897]

Ottomans: "We have conquered the eastern Mediterranean. Now we control infidel's economy!" Europeans: "No."

[@noone7692]

They wanted to impose same rules as of Eastern Europe technically tax farms but portugese and Spanish saved Europe

[@promethium-145]

@@noone7692 Yeah. But it's interesting how Spain was ultimately weakened by all the silver it extracted from the New World. I think the term used to describe Spanish silver is a "resource curse".

[@odinfromcentr2]

@@promethium-145 Too much of a good thing is not, as it turns out, a good thing. (On a side note, someone should inform Alan Jackson.)

[@promethium-145]

@@odinfromcentr2 Exactly. The only exception I can think of is happiness (as a stand-alone, not the product of an unhealthy habit). But I don't know who Alan Jackson is. Could you tell me about him?

[@odinfromcentr2]

@@promethium-145 Country singer. He did a song where the line "too much of a good thing is a good thing" appeared in the refrain of the song. I think the context of the song was a relationship, but it was, I think, 15 or 20 years ago, so the memory is a bit muddled.

[@TripleMpro221]

You should do in sometime a Late Spanish and Portuguese Empire, it would be really interesting both, specially the Spanish one, to explain its chaos in the 17th century and kind of reborn in 18th century in International affairs due to the alliance with France.

[@senorpaella1492]

Goddamn I miss the good ol'days ;-;

[@emersonherrera4939]

😌

[@mount4868]

me too...

[@Rage_WinterchiIl]

wish we could turn back time~

[@brunocarlos3931]

Phillip II Von Habsburg Hell yeah bro!

[@kathycardosi577]

KVRGANIVS NOSTRATORVM

[@pedromaxadinho]

Just a quick tip - the letter _H_ is not pronounced in any Romance language.

[@pedromaxadinho]

And unless there's an _Ü_ after the _Q_ one would say it like "_con_*_kee_*_stador"

[@Osterochse]

in romanian the h is pronounced, :)

[@robertrichard6107]

@@Osterochse Homeo and Huliet, or Hezus?

[@Osterochse]

@@robertrichard6107 what? the h is pronounced like a x or like ch in other languages. We are not talking about the J.

[@donaldtrumplover2254]

So we are just gonna exclude j from the Spanish alphabet?

[@timo191]

"For better or worse, made the world we live in today." A truly profound statement.

[@Snoflakes_1]

I really look up to the Portuguese for being so smart and tactical about their colonisation. Love from the Netherlands, your apprentice

[@ptlemon1101]

Ah, I see you're man of culture as well!

[@teresaleite2892]

Yes to the point of stealing our colonies

[@Snoflakes_1]

@@teresaleite2892 And then the English did the same to us. Only we didn't get most of our colonies back...

[@teresaleite2892]

@@Snoflakes_1 you never gave them back, plus not to mention stealing our spice, sugar and tobacco trade

[@Snoflakes_1]

@@teresaleite2892 I mean you got back Brazil and Angola... which are basically the only ones that mattered

[@monkyfunny2171]

3:58 when *P*

[@clafhtongonsalves6354]

I'm from Goa. Thank you Portuguese I support Portugal

[@br3menPT]

Obrigado /Thank you we love Goa

[@Syrup__Maple]

​@aenarion WPcl spain? ahh the southern part of france

[@ChestOfDoom]

@aenarion WPcl france is more visited

[@AntonioSilva-up1wl]

Thank you Gonsalves! Portugal does not forget Goa, Damão and Diu! God Bless you!

[@hjs8092]

Obrigado Goa, Damão and Diu. Nunca vos esqueceremos. We will never forget you brothers ❤️🇵🇹!!

[@C4ptainTHEduck]

Long live the Iberian peninsula!!!

[@jorgeadelprado]

Nanaka GN we dont want shitty people like you either honey :D

[@zeomaiore]

ohhh jorge i feel so happy for you, at least you can understand since retarded is your main language...

[@jorgeadelprado]

Nanaka GN i will never let you walk alone this path of sorrow love :*

[@zeomaiore]

of course not :))), youre the first on the run

[@jorgeadelprado]

Nanaka GN obviously, portuguese are always behind the spaniards

[@joaomus]

A slight correction: Brazil was not a source of common "lumber". I was of a very special kind from the Pau Brasil tree, and it was used specially for making dyes (it had a beautiful red color). It was mostly collected by the natives and traded with the Portuguese and French settlers.

[@HenrySims]

Your documentary was very well made, impartial and incredibly accurate. Your views on the Portuguese Indian Ocean trade were by far much better than the ones of John Green on Crash Course World History, accurate, non biased and very truthful. Thank you for your nice job and this is coming from a Portuguese grad student on history. Keep it up!

[@Iason29]

Yes I understand what you say, most can't have a discussion about colonialism and exploration without bias now a days. So much negativity in the subject prevents us from ever fully getting into and understanding the subject though.

[@RKNGL]

I agree completely his US revolutionary war coverage was great too. He is great at presenting things in an impartial manner.

[@abelnicolaebaritone]

John Green is very bad at separating personal opinions from facts.

[@kanglongshankz3313]

Crash Course History is the worst

[@arianjd]

Considering you only had ten minutes to explain such a complicated subject, I think this is excellent! Can't wait for the Russian Revolution episode

[@N3K0553]

Here in Malaysia we kept the oldest European build which was build by the Portuguese

[@simong7645]

Eu4 be like

[@schloergrape5191]

4:06 - I didn't know Spain and Portugal had such a strong hold on the western world at some point in time!

[@marcialpwns]

your knowlage of Portuguese History is trash Mr Rodney, go back to the pub

[@motaboat5187]

what are you talking about Rodney? they eventually colonized all the land later on anyway. Exept usa and Canada.

[@pedroFerreira-ih2no]

he didn't even talk about mare clausum its a policy that was aproved by the pope that sayed that only portugal and spain were allowed to sail and any other nation had to pay a royalty to both

[@Komnenit]

Well, isn't it evident? Practically ALL of America speaks Spanish except some parts of the USA, Canada and Brazil. And then we add Portuguese to the soup and we have that the majority of the continent still has a super strong iberian legacy Spanish is still the 2nd most spoken language in the world by native speakers after Chinese....

[@robertbes1122]

yeah, right, not really Nanaka, I don't know what you're talking about. By continent: Africa: Islas Canarias (desde 1478). Cazaza (1505-1532). Mazalquivir (1505-1708, 1732-1792). Mozambique (1580-1640). Orán (Oranesado) (1509-1708, 1732-1791). Argel (1510-1530). Bugía (1510-1555). Peñón de Argel (1510-1529). Santa Cruz de la Mar Pequeña (Sidi Ifni) (1510-1644; 1930-1969) Trípoli (1510-1523) Madeira (1580-1640). Honein (1531-1535). Bizerta (1535-1573). La Goleta (1535-1574). Túnez (1535 y 1574). Monastir (1541-1550). Susa (1541-1550). Mahdia (1550-1553). Angola (1580-1640). Casablanca (1580-1640). Mazagán (1580-1640). Guinea-Bisáu (1580-1640). Tánger (1580-1640). La Mamora (1610-1619). Cabo Verde (1580-1640) Larache (1610-1689) y (1912-1956). Somalia (1580-1640). Tetuán (1860-1862) y (1912-1956). Spanish Guinea (1843-1968). Gran Ifni (1860-1969). Santo Tomé y Príncipe (1580-1640). Spanish Sahara (1885-1975). Spanish Morocco (1912-1956). Cabo Juby (1916-1958) Plazas de soberanía: Melilla (desde 1497) Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (1508-1522; desde 1564). Isla de Limacos (desde 1509). Isla de Alborán (desde 1540). Islas Alhucemas (desde 1559). Ceuta (desde 1580). Islas Chafarinas (desde 1848). Europe: Spain and Balears. Portugal: (1580-1640) Napoli. Franco Condado (1654-1679) y Charolais [France] Ducado de Milán [Italy] Spanish Netherlands, including: Belgium, Luxemburg, Artois, Ardenas, Mosela, Norte-Paso de Calais,Bitburg-Prüm. Rosellón[France] Baja Navarra[France] Niza[France] Oceania: Isla de Pascua (1770) Islas Marianas [Guam] (1521-1899) Islas Carolinas (1528-1707, 1875 and 1885-1899) Islas Santa Cruz (1595). Islas Vanuatu (1606). Spanish New Guinea: [Tahití] (1774 - 1775).

[@jonathanwells223]

6:10 when will everyone learn that the cake is always a lie?!

[@Bulldog060644]

Fun fact: Montezuma was actually stoned to death by the Aztec people because they blamed him for the presence of the Spaniards

[@basedpro-ua3470]

¡Long live Spain and Portugal 🇪🇸🇵🇹!

[@laterceraguerramundial1433]

¡España es basura!

[@Alejandro-ue3zh]

@@laterceraguerramundial1433 por qué tanto odio hacia España?

[@laterceraguerramundial1433]

@@Alejandro-ue3zh España fue un imperio terrible y masacrado tantos nativos que los sacrifidos de los aztecas son nada comparado con ellos. Y el masacrado fue dirigido las mayas también. Recuérdalo, las mayas hice nada.

[@Alejandro-ue3zh]

@@laterceraguerramundial1433 tío lee sobre la leyenda negra y deja de decir chorradas. El 90% de lo indígenas que murieron fue a causa de enfermedades no de la guerra. Además en los tratados de burgos de 1521 se prohibió justamente el exterminio y la esclavitud.

[@laterceraguerramundial1433]

@@Alejandro-ue3zh Lo sé muchos nativos fue matar con enfermedad pero el enfermedad fue desde España. Además, no puedes decir que España no mató muchos nativos. Debieras aprender sobre La Batalla De Tenochtitlan.

[@xiangonzalezbello5305]

Felipe II: en mi imperio nunca se pone el sol

[@AsprosOfAzeroth]

Goog Job! *from Portugal

[@aashishsharma2767]

TFW you are watching this video from a former Portuguese colony - Goa, India. I feel so proud :^) Anyway I would love seeing more videos on India if possible

[@gggggggggggggggggg161]

How are you proud of that? Do you mean you would like for me to take most of your food and make you work for me?

[@Darthwgamer]

@@gggggggggggggggggg161 hmm, dude you might be to late to tell that to him it's been two years.

[@wandaperi]

Fuck India! Victory for Pakistan!

[@pedroapinto06]

@@Darthwgamer Am I late lol?

[@Darthwgamer]

@@pedroapinto06 No im still here bud

[@josephweir6754]

"The spanish used native labor in the mines" I think you mean slaves, buddy

[@luanlopes9415]

African slaves btw not natives

[@Siletzia]

The Spanish encomienda labor system, which applied to indigenous peoples in the Americas (and the Philippines) was a form of slavery. Despite repeated efforts by the Spanish crown to end the practice of enslaving indigenous peoples on humanitarian grounds, the encomienda system was officially permitted to continue in the mines until mine owners could purchase enough enslaved Africans to replace the indigenous workers, which in some instances persisted until the end of the colonial period in the 1820s.

[@Alejojojo6]

Juan Sebastián Elcano was the actual person that circumnavigated the world. Magellan died in the Philippes. The merit is for Elcano, who was the one who actually did it and it doesn't even get mentioned on video.... so sad that his figured is just erased like that when he was more important to the world than Magellan that he in fact did not circumnavigated the world. He died before doing so.

[@hjs8092]

You are wrong. Because Fernão Magalhães has been on that route before on the portuguese side of the Tordesilhas Map, só IN fact even being murdered in the Molucas Islands he was in fact the 1 st man to surround the planet earth... And of course the project and the know how was his...so don’t be so nationalist... Encano was important. But not the BIG MAN.

[@ignacio4159]

@@hjs8092 that's not circumnavigating the world

[@pauvermelho]

Yes it is Ignacio... He just started in Asia and El Cano Started in Spain

[@facemcshooty6602]

napoleon: exists the portuguese king: *im going to brazil*

[@acusticamenteconvusional9936]

7:18 I mean, It's not like Spain had a huge population too

[@jorgeigualbonilla9998]

Although bigger than the portuguese I think is what he meant

[@naze2659]

lol spain had more than 2 x the portuguese population

[@rafaelglopezroman1110]

@@naze2659 Yeah but that's still not much France had 2 x the Spanish population. The HRE collectively had even more than France. Despite this Spain got to be the worlds greatest power with the Tercio been regarded as invinsible. Then the 30 years war happened, the HRE nearly lost 60% of their population, Spain lost their claim to invinsibility and a handful of Armadas, paving the way for France to become the new European world power.

[@javierburgos7]

Let's face it. Most of us are anti imperialism/colonialism as long as the colonial power isn't our own country of origin.

[@CaesarAugustus.]

He did not just say conQWEEstadors 💀

[@Duravida]

Canary Islands were discovered by Portugal and later on given to Spain during a new treaty to avoid war. Americo Vespucio was working for Portugal and Maggelean was Portuguese. Last, the most important voyage was that of Vasco da Gama that lasted walmost 2 years, three continents, two hemisphires and two oceans. Longest ever travel in open sea. Colombus went straight for a few months and did not arrived where we wanted to.

[@TagusMan]

What's interesting is that had Vasco Da Gama made his voyage around the Cape a few years earlier, he would have encountered large Chinese fleets made up of ships far bigger and more sophisticated than the state of the art caravels. The Chinese most likely even made to America before the Iberians.

[@Omerath9]

TagusMan Chinese ships were not as advanced as the caravels and carracks. That's bullshit

[@lucasvillar4651]

Columbus discovered America and Vasco da Gama didn’t, is it so hard for the Portuguese to stop trying to undermine Spain or anyone working for Spain? Do you need it so badly? Let’s have some peace...

[@Tom-2142]

+Lucas Villar actually Vikings did in the 11 th century

[@lucasvillar4651]

Tom 2142 no, the Amerindians crossing Bering’s straight from Asia during an ice age did it long before and the fish able to cross the Atlantic in the ocean currents did it before all of those and the animals on the American continent taken with it after the drift of the Atlantic dorsal even sooner than them... and Newton didn’t discover gravity, we all fell to the floor before him, or Maxwell electricity, we all got electrocuted before him and Pluto was already up there before it was discovered by a telescope many people saw it without knowing what it is... The difference is Newton described gravity, Maxwell described electricity, the guy that “discovered” Pluto gave it a name and a trajectory and the Spanish located America on a map in relation to all the other land masses, the Spanish described America. One thing is knowledge and the other is not. The Vikings had no idea they were stepping on a different continent or where it was in the slightest, the same for the Amerindians. That’s the reason Columbus connected America to the rest of the world and the others failed to do so after centuries of having reached it. *The whole point of discovering is reaching a conclusion regarding that new experience, if you just experience gravity or walk on America you are not reaching any conclusion, you are not discovering. I’m so tired of this argument someone thought he/she was very smart for saying the Vikings did (as if the native Americans had just materialised there), they Vikings experienced America, like the fish in the Atlantic long before them, but both had no concept of where they were.*

[@Zinnsoldat1991]

Discovered this channel just this week and I really enjoy your content!

[@ms.mittenz]

oh, my part of the world... awsome :) Btw, we portuguese are sea, ocean and tears of salt... Believe me. we get brainwashed into loving the sea :P

[@HenrySims]

+swamidude 400 years ago you would hate us vriend, and we would hate you back ahaha.

[@TagusMan]

Hey there, Dutchy. It's funny to talk about bullies bullying other bullies. Didn't you Dutch take the Spice Islands from Portugal and tried your best to take northern Brazil as well? Big fat meanies.

[@instaurareomniainchristo5634]

swamidude But see the good aspect of that: If you dutch weren't enemies of the Portuguese by the begining of the 17th century (1600) you would have never invaded the best place in the world and improved it in many ways.

[@LoserBroProductions]

Ayla Soares lo siento, no hablo español.

[@donaldtrumplover2254]

charlie h stop speaking Mexican we can’t understand you

[@esamano]

1:47 Prester John was a legend started during the crusades when rumours started about Islamic powers in Persia getting hammered on their eastern flank. It turns out this was Genghis Khan's conquest on the Khwarezmian Empire, but imaginations among knights must have been fantastic. In case anyone was wondering.

[@yarpen26]

Nothing beats California being named after a fictional black women-run island from a 16th century novel though.

[@alejomanuelguerrero9326]

You didn't mention that apart from commerce, a few universities were founded in spanish territories: Dominican Republic, Mexico, Perú and the Philipines from 1500 to 1600 but portuguese didn't.

[@letrasoaacaso]

Fernando Magalhães is portuguese

[@Universalist1000]

Fernão de Magalhães. Ancient form for modern Fernando.

[@Karthagast]

I though he was Polish.

[@yarpen26]

@@Karthagast Copernicus was female though.

[@robespierre466]

And Juan Sebastian El cano is spanish

[@hilario6227]

As a portuguese guy, I can safely say that Portugal and Spain were probably the most impressive and powerful explorers and traders in the globe.

[@Karthagast]

As a Spaniard I must say keep the Spaniards of that time out of the "most impressive traders". Actually they were not. Excellent explorers, managers, soldiers, diplomats, scholars, artists, jurist, etc, but as bussinessmen and traders definitively they were not excellent. That was one of the crucial flaws of the Spanish Empire that ultimately lead to its fall.

[@gggggggggggggggggg161]

so how was the 16th century, tell us more

[@leod-sigefast]

Most were Italian sailor captains though

[@luisalmeida1391]

This video is a great opportunity to know a bit more about Portuguese History. Thank you so much for showing it to others and in such a neutral way. Kind regards.

[@sopwithsnoopy8779]

Ottomans: "I knew I should've taken that left turn at Alphonse de Albuquerque..."

[@enakuen1]

Underrated.

[@JoeMama-cl1br]

9:02 minor spelling mistake. I win

[@revinevan87]

conquistadors is conKEEStadors

[@Germanjorge]

So basically Castille/Spain just tried to follow Portugal everywhere and copy them

[@jorgeadelprado]

Germanjorge do the same but always do it better

[@a.caeiro7775]

Germanjorge That's Rigth .

[@brunoalves-pg9eo]

And eventually when they started losing they dragged us with them. But the fault of the fall of the portuguese empire lies with D.Sebastião that went to war without an heir, he ruled the most powerfull country on Earth at the time and he decides to play the odds, fucking moron, but well, history is history and i wouldnt be here if all that didnt happen.

[@juanlulourido548]

More like USA now,copy another and make it better,our error was to try to fight all europe at the same time :/

[@andrevieira9463]

lol. so i don't understand why Portuguese empire was bigger than spanish one xD

[@ThorgrimOdiseo]

Congratulations for the work and the good video. Just a few stupid corrections. The spanish flag with the Cross of Burgundy was never yellow, just red over white. Carlos I (Charles the 1st) was also emperor of the HRE, and a lot of continental territories where inherited by Felipe II (Philipp the 2nd) as part of the spanish empire.

[@Omni-kyun]

Brilliant, so well done. I'd ask you to do the Swedish empire next, but our empire wasn't very wide spread. Probably better to do the Roman or Mongolian empire next. :)

[@sct1718]

It sucked, sincerely Spanish empire gang 4life

[@Schtauffen04]

3:37 No one ever expects the Spanish Inquisition, not even in a history video on KZbin

[@superheavydeathmetal]

4:08 "The English Empire's power level is ..... ??!?!?" *scouter shatters*

[@jamiebarba5701]

It's over 9000!

[@cognitivedissident2881]

Haven't they technically invaded every country in the world?

[@MrDideg]

King Sebastian didn't died, he disappeared.

[@KpR0dS]

he might still be alive

[@oussamamarroqino2579]

He was killed in a battle in morocco

[@DanRyzESPUK]

He was killed in the battle of the three kings in Morrocco, or Battle of Alcácer Quibir, his body was never found, but we can think that he survived such battle!

[@warwickeng5491]

Legend says his court and subjects still await his return at the shores of Algarve... Lol

[@allusi5503]

Young king died so young... we will never know what happened

[@exth2294]

And the funniest thing about this is that... many Americans think Spain/Portugal is located in South America. And of course they speak Mexican in Spain.

[@Luzitanium]

now imagine how is their education system.

[@jorgeadelprado]

E xth sobreros and tequila for everyone, i wont complain

[@platanosmaduros2240]

E xth I've never heard anybody say that you must be really far south

[@Alexprodi1]

E xth A person must be really ignorant to think that Spanish comes from Mexico.

[@samuelepicurus8456]

Many Americans? Or just some shit you made up?

[@mappertom4662]

4:03 is this the real devision? Did not Portugal got all of the old world promised except East Asia?

[@theEWDSDS]

Yep. Eventually though as more powers started colonizing they started to just ignore this

[@Iplayzgaming]

At about 3:30 you say that Europeans just didnt want to trade with the turks. Though this may be true, it's also true that the turks completely restricted European Trade.

[@kaki4846]

Una salvedad, Magallanes no dio la primera vuelta al mundo porque murió en Filipinas, fue Juan Sebastián de Elcano.

[@jns447]

Amerigo Vespucci was not the first to Brazil. He went there in 1501 and Pedro Álvares Cabral arrived in 1500, with the portuguese already knowing they were not in Asia as they got to Asia in 1498. Also Amerigo Vespucci was working for either the spanish or the portuguese.

[@javierburgos7]

Ceuta, the colony that started it all when Portugal took it in 1415, now ironically belongs to Spain since when Portugal got its independence from Spain in 1640, ending the Iberian Union started in 1580, Ceuta was the only part of what was left of the Portuguese empire (most of its Asian colonies had been stolen by the Dutch by that point because they were prior enemies of Spain and Portugal paid the price) that remained part of Spain and still to this day belongs fully to Spain (along with Melilla).

[@Gloriaimperial1]

Castilla (España) en Canarias en 1404. Colonias de Aragón en el norte de África, siglo XIV, (aparte de Sicilia en 1282 y Atenas en 1311).

[@robespierre466]

Desde Alasca a las malvinas. Desde Holanda hasta Ceuta Desde Filipinas hasta las molucas "El sol nunca se pone en el imperio español" (Frase copiada luego por los ingleses)

[@arielgaray302]

Is TenoCHtitlan with the "Ch" like in "cheese" not like a "k" in "mechanic"

[@wanderlustislamabad8082]

Quick question: why was Portugal never annexed by Spain? I mean ronaldo could have been FCB

[@SaneErebus]

Viva Portugal!

[@robespierre466]

Y viva España, coño!!!

[@canonicstory]

@@robespierre466 sim

[@leod-sigefast]

Excellent research as always. It makes me want to start a new game of EUIV, as Portugal (already done Castille).

[@Groggle7141]

1:50 It's quite amazing how they predicted Eithiopia

[@ViriatoII]

There was some flow of information. Not mentioned here was that Portugal entered the Ethiopian war to help the Christians against the Muslims. Vasco da Gamas brother was one of the leaders and was decapited by the Muslims, who counted on the Ottomans as allies

[@frozenwolf26]

Good video but the map color choice for Portugal is a bit hard to see compared to the land color. Might I suggest something like green for future videos?

[@Dalecks4EXTERMINATE]

Why would he use the green colour for pre-republican Portugal?

[@luismendes3307]

@@Dalecks4EXTERMINATE because it's easier to see.

[@StrokeMahEgo]

3:37 Didn't expect them.

[@a.caeiro7775]

Thank you so much for this video! It´s so rare to wartch or read about Discovery History wuth such accuracy and impartial vision! And to think you could manage to do it in ten minutes only! Subscribing right now! Add a fan from Portugal :)

[@IronMar1O]

The theory of Cristóbal Colón being georgian is just a theory, and even so, he discovered america with a spanish crew, in spanish ships and speaking spanish, also he was the first one to realize that they were in “a new world” not asia, americo vespuzio not only take credit of it also he was with colon in the second trip when he realize

[@luiskapa]

American Vespucci did NOT discovered Brazil. Brazil was discovered by Portuguese sailors and was keeped a secret due to negotiations with Castile in regards to the division of the world (Treaty of Tordesillas).

[@alejandroojeda1572]

We'll never know 😉

[@zap3231]

@@alejandroojeda1572 Actually we do know. Vespucci landed in Brazil, BUT he had absolutely zero clue it was Brazil. Actually, Vespucci has absolutely zero clue where he was or what path he took.

[@jordandino417]

3:54 The only letter on top is “P”.. :/

[@anacasanova7350]

Eran británicos ingleses y escoceses? Británia. Eran españoles castellanos y aragoneses . Hispania.

[@Gloriaimperial1]

Fueron expansiones mundiales paralelas, de los españoles y los portugueses. El imperio de Aragón (España) se expandió mucho antes que Portugal. Aragón ocupó Sicilia en 1282, Atenas en 1311, teniendo colonias en el norte de África en el siglo XIV. La primera colonia de Portugal es Ceuta (África) en 1415. Castilla ocupó Canarias en 1404. Los portugueses se extendieron por la costa africana hacia el sur. Pero eso no es un imperio global (sólo son 2 continentes). España descubrió América en 1492, lo que son tres continentes (eso empieza a parecerse al mundo global). Los portugueses llegan a la India en 1498. Pero a Brasil en 1500 (España descubrió Brasil 4 meses antes que Cabral). Pero se puede decir que en 1500 es el primer momento en que Portugal está haciendo un imperio global por delante de España (4 continentes), no antes. Pero la tierra tiene 5 continentes. No podemos ignorar que España es el primer país que le pone un cinturón a la tierra, con la primera vuelta al mundo, en 1522, que inició Magallanes (con barcos, dinero y mayoría de marinos españoles) pero que completó Juan Sebastian Elcano. Entiendo la afirmación portuguesa de que ellos hicieron un imperio global antes. Pero los españoles vemos una expansión simultánea. Felipe II, que invadió Portugal, fue el primer rey (con capital en Madrid) que pudo decir: tengo el primer imperio global, con todos los océano (incluido el Pacífico, que los portugueses nunca cruzaron). España tuvo una hegemonía en Europa, ocupando potencias durante siglos... Pero si hablamos sólo de imperios globales, creo que fue un logro conjunto, ibérico. Aunque veo muy lógico que los portugueses estén muy orgullosos de sus grandes marinos.

[@seth5313]

Still waiting on the Ten Minute History: The Late Spanish and Portuguese Empires

[@jameskerry2560]

HOW DARE THIS VIDIO BE 9:59 min OUTRAGES AND U CALL YOURSELF 10 min history

[@history-jovian]

It is 1 mins and 30 second late

[@Smoothbluehero]

Didn't Columbus land in Hispaniola, not the Bahamas?

[@Karthagast]

No. The Spaniards landed first in a very small island that later historians locate in the Bahamas.

[@Pleittor]

@@Karthagast where did you get this information from? I have always read that Cristobal Colón (Columbas) landed on the island of La Española, today´s República Dominicana.

[@matthewmann8969]

Portugal And Spain were almost the same nation

[@wilminacontrera2458]

It's weird but after they took all that gold, they become extremely rich but their empire started to decay. Maybe gold is not always what it seems to be!

[@kompatybilijny9348]

Vasco da Gama travelled back in time in this animation.

[@hse970]

Dude I love your videos. I seriously am amazed at the quality you produce. One of the best educational youtubers on here, I just wish I could give you more exposure :P

[@mbern4530]

I personally believe that Brasil was already found and that Cabral was just sent to make it official. The records were lost during the Earthquake of 1775, but in 1488 The Portuguese were still following the coast of Africa yet by 1498 Vasco da Gama launched himself into the Atlantic to follow the currents. This means that they had to have been exploring the Atlantic already in order to discover the currents. Plus if Cabral was sent only to India, why did he carry prisoners with him? Leaving prisoners on foreign soil was a common Portuguese tactic so they could have translators in the future.

[@sydhenderson6753]

To be clear, Da Gama was using wind currents as well as ocean currents, at least in the South Atlantic. Columbus did the same in the Atlantic, although he had help from the Gulf Stream. He took the trade winds (tropical winds) west, and the Westerlies to get home. Similarly, Da Gama used the southern trade winds to go southeast until he hit the southern Westerlies to go around southern Africa, discovering scurvy in the process. He might have used ocean currents in the western part of the Atlantic . I believe there's a southbound current there.

[@oenrn]

1493: Pope Alexander VI issues a bull that splits the new world between Portugal and Spain. 1494: Portuguese and Spanish kings pretty much ignore the above and make their own treaty. It tells you how powerful the two Catholic nations were at the time that they could basically tell the Pope "lol nah!"

[@Sean-sn9ld]

The little Saiyan scouter brilliant! Haha

[@Sean-sn9ld]

Two years later I'm watching this again and again came to say the same thing 😂😂😂

[@tiagobernardo6807]

i just love how death is graphically depicted is this videos, is so hilarious.

[@LuisdeSousa]

This video is very good, I was not able to identify any obvious errors. There are perhaps two important elements missing in this narrative. First the treaty of Alcáçovas: it created de facto the kingdom of Spain, laid out the template for European imperialism: absolute control over unknown people and lands, and produced the Mare Clausum policy. Secondly the battle of Diu, the pivotal moment when the control of the Indian ocean shifted from the Mameluks and the Ottomans to the Europeans.

[@RafitoOoO]

He did talk about Portuguese beating the ottomans, it'd be nice to explore the battle of Diu a little more since it was an epic vitctory.

[@FleurLavie]

3:55 Pope is called "P"

[@FleurLavie]

9:02 "I want yout stuff"

[@Felipe_XIV-XVI]

The best narrative indeed. It addresses the common misconception that Spaniards were so technologically advanced that they by themselves conquered the entire region, & that they were so bloodthirsty at the same time that they killed everyone. History is complex, but people like to keep it simple.

[@JohnnyMacaw]

When white Americans realize that America was named after an Italian LOL Florida Still uses the Spanish navy flag as their state flag

[@littlemacisunderrated412]

When Jonathan macaw realizes that Spanish and Italian are also white