The 17th Century Crisis: Crash Course European History #11

The 17th Century in Europe was pretty rough in a lot of ways. The Thirty Years War involved a lot of countries, and a lot of battles, and it was terrible for everyone involved, as wars have aa historical tendency to be. At the same time, disease and hunger were common, thanks in part to the climate change of the Little Ice Age. Get ready for some misery.
Sources
German History in Documents and Images: Volume 1. From the Reformation to the Thirty Years War, 1500-1648 A Local Apocalypse -The Sack of Magdeburg (1631).
germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/p...
Parker, Geoffrey. Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century. New Haven: Yale, 2013.
www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-... [for image of mass graves in Thirty Years War.
Wilson, Peter H. The Thirty Years War: A Sourcebook. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
www.newyorker.com/magazine/20...
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[@unvergebeneid]

"Defenestration" is a word that always made me wonder why it exists. It's so oddly specific. Makes you wonder how often people used to throw others out of windows to merit inventing a word for it.

[@danielfrancis3736]

It's German. Enough said.

[@cellbiol7298]

@@danielfrancis3736 It's Latin. The language of the time, used by historian and scientists. German would be "Fenstersturz", literally, "window drop".

[@Usammityduzntafraidofanythin]

I think it was invented by writers or upper class socialites to sound smart. Shakespeare used to invent words too, iirc.

[@arner5332]

@@cellbiol7298 i always thought it was a german word because it literally translates to un-windowing in german

[@johnracy2871]

Origins: Latin-fenestram (meaning window) was adopted into German and the adapted to English structure.

[@olin7422]

I like how this 13 minute video explained this better than the college board anointed 40 minute video.

[@chrisdayton35]

Olin cus the college board is filled with underpaid, uninspired, boomers.

[@neemapaxima6116]

Sir Isaac Newtown was born during the Thirty Years' War. It shows how nonlinear human progress can be.

[@FroehligGirlz]

So, maybe not an apple so much as a brick? A head?

[@WhimsicalEloquence]

Do you mean non-monotonic? Monotonicity refers to the directionality, i.e. something always getting or worse. A non-linear function could still be constantly improving/positive/monotonic.

[@WalkTheHouse]

Well, lots of things been thrown backwards and forwards, it may not have been an apple that was falling. Newton may have had another law...keep my head down be quite

[@FloppsEB]

it's clear that the apple fell along a fractal dimension of jesuit poppycock. close to e^pi.

[@gumunduringigumundsson9344]

Well Newton was a nerd.. one our best nerds ever. Looked at the moon and invented calculus.. invented a new type of telescope to look at it better... cmooon.. NEEERD! Nerds rock!

[@andreeat608]

''Now, I know what you're thinking, this whole history business is just one crisis after another'' ... *Human life is just one crisis after another.*

[@gramioerie_xi133]

*life in general

[@hemidas]

_"History is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind."_ *Edward Gibbon*

[@thereforeayam]

That it ain't.

[@niallquinn9128]

The solution is to be more and more in touch with the authenticity of yourself and the authenticity of events, not just what you're told or you're supposed to think.

[@shenghan9385]

Human life maybe full of crisis, but it should not be defined by them.

[@ab76254]

Me: Wow game of thrones is so violent! 30-years war: *hold my beer*

[@hemidas]

Reality is often much stranger than fiction.

[@matthewmcneany]

Imagine it, having an elite telling you that there's wealth pouring into your nation but yet you and many people you know are finding it harder and harder to pay for the basics of life.

[@DocEonChannel]

The more things change, the more they stay the same...

[@freefromreligion8090]

Lust like now: CEOs getting richer than ever while middle and low earners see their purchasing power diminish

[@RD-eg1df]

@Trigger Troll Yeah! Let's all be CEOs!

[@pingpong8475]

Please, understand that inflation is more than this. The elite had the silver, but they also experienced the inflation caused by the massive influx of silver. Many nations (By nations I mean royal families) experienced bankruptcies during this time because of the fact that they had to use more silver to pay soldiers, and not just that they also had even more soldiers to pay than before. This is when the monarchies became weak because they too lacked money, they literally had to go to debt just to continue their extravagant lifestyle because they had to keep their prestige at the same time to show their nobles and rivals that they still had power. Remeber that the royalty of the time were not usually as rich as many people think. They were almost always in debt after the 16th century due to the larger armies and navies they had to maintain and due to the inflation brought by the sudden influx of precious metals and gems.

[@gumunduringigumundsson9344]

@@RD-eg1df Good Idea. Why not.. Automation and A.I. should end dependancy for the most neccesary things for all.. so no person will be dependent on others for survival.. *Cough! except nerds *COUGh! But good nerds don't abuse others so.. in theory everyone will be theyre own C.E.O. just doing theyre thing... me.. I'm going to sell dirt. Dirt for sale! Will be my company logo. Yours?

[@MTBJJ2001]

Man crash course has always been like a safe form of entertainment ya know? Like the intro, everything, just makes me feel safe and comfortable, I listen to crash course while I’m studying related topics, just to get me in that fun learning mode. I used to listen to crash course to fall asleep cause it’s so consistent and informative while not being boring

[@johgu92]

The torching of Magdeburg led to the word "magdeburgisieren" which means to tptally destroy and plunder a city.

[@mikeoxsmal8022]

Ich werde mein Freunden magdeburgisieren.

[@FlosBlog]

Although, I never heard somebody use the word.

[@johgu92]

@@FlosBlog It probably was more used in the days of the 30 years war and not nowadays.

[@FlosBlog]

@@johgu92 Was -isierung a productive morpheme in Early Modern German?

[@johgu92]

@@FlosBlog -isierung is still very much in use in words like Modernisierung, Radikalisierung. The early modern german was different but similiar enough to make such an assumption, although there where many dialects which weren't to a large degree intelligible.

[@halocemagnum8351]

“Three decades of war” *begins rocking in Sabaton*

[@nebojsag.5871]

HAS MAN GONE INSANE?!!?!?

[@lvd8122]

Name of the song?

[@z4pax]

@@lvd8122 A Lifetime Of War

[@leedent6796]

WHEN THEY FACE DEATH THEY'RE ALL ALIKE, NO RIGHT OR WRONG RICH OR POOR NO MATTER WHO THEY WERE BEFORE GOOD OR BAD THEY'RE ALL THE SAME REST SIDE BY SIDE NOW *HAS MAN GONE INSANE*

[@markkuiper7380]

8 decades of war

[@RD-eg1df]

At no point did anyone stop to think "Is this what Jesus would do?"

[@gumunduringigumundsson9344]

I am very very very very veeeery very sure a lot did.. just not whole lot sometimes.. kinda forget to ask when having so much fun.. or when your mother in law demands to know why you have not avenged your whoever looming looking at you in a way that made the others think youre too much a sissy.. etc etc ..?

[@zriiksparks5637]

Jesus kicked the Jews out of the market yeet

[@PiggySquisherCaleb]

As Nietzsche once said, "There only ever existed one Christian, and he died on the cross."

[@eddgrs9193]

Combatant : "Is this what Jesus would do?" Catholic priest : "No... but for 3 gold coins - yes !" Combatant : "Seems legit" Protestant Combatant : "Dammit !"

[@IkeOkerekeNews]

They didn't care. It was all power consolidation for them.

[@DietrichvonSachsen]

"Unlike the Hundred Years War, the Thirty Years War did last for 30 years." While John isn't wrong, it is worth noting that, because of the international character of the Thirty Years War, that statement is only true when talking about the German states of the Holy Roman Empire. The war also included the Spanish and the Dutch fighting in the Eighty Years War, the Polish-Swedish War, and others beside. Seriously, the history of the Thirty Years War is a cluster**** of epic proportions.

[@sirmeowthelibrarycat]

DietrichvonSachsen 😢 Indeed so! Add the English Civil Wars (there were two) that also involved Scotland and Ireland hardly anywhere in Europe was unaffected. Include the Anglo - Dutch War and it appears that no nation was immune to war with any other nation during this period of history.

[@MoeSalamaIbrahim]

I was starting to feel bleak when John said "some good news is coming next week" and all of a sudden I got enormous goosebumps and teared of hope as if I had lived in the 17th Century. You rock, keep on making these videos forever.

[@thomasturner6980]

When starting a fire in a bakery causes the whole of London to burn down

[@louise-yo7kz]

😑

[@threaruscamuwundra7417]

This is exactly a case like you mentioned in the dark ages episode of World History. For the Dutch, this is considered the golden century, far from a period of crisis.

[@mtksbctk]

Raping Indonesia

[@abbyslgamer]

Please consider posting sources in the desc. Myself and I’m sure many others would appreciate it greatly

[@49metal]

Assuming there are sources, that would be splendid.

[@kaihtheloner]

They used to post sources in the description box earlier but nowadays they never post sources. I was writing a term paper and found a video of Crash Course History to be immensely helpful however when I went to check sources, he didn’t post any in the description box so I couldn’t use it. Edit: They updated the description now. They added sources. Lol.

[@49metal]

@@kaihtheloner Which does not imply a dearth of quality sources, of course.

[@CarlosRios1]

Source: I already knew a lot about this just trust me on this one.

[@johnmccallum8512]

@Sam Smith If you "click" on show more you will find the links that you want.

[@adamhosek1620]

Fun fact - It was actually the Third Defenestration of Prague! The second one took place already in 1483, but it remains less famous, because the uprising it was part of was not very succesful. Many minor errors, but the Thirty Years War is soooo complex and confusing, it would be impossible to cover it in less 14 minutes with no simplifications whatsoever. Good job! :)

[@bobjordan9227]

Adam Hošek what was the first

[@adamhosek1620]

@@bobjordan9227 As John mentioned, it took place in 1419 in the beginning of the Hussite wars (Czech "pre-protestants", Hussites, against the catholic authorities and crusaders mostly from the Holy Roman Empire). The war was just beginning as a sprawling uprising. The rebellious Hussites took over the city halls of Prague (there was more of them) and threw the catholic councillors out of the windows and the angry mob outside finished the job.

[@bobjordan9227]

Adam Hošek could give sources or at least a source for there being a defenestration in 1483

[@Urlocallordandsavior]

And the second?

[@Chris-hp9be]

Stop defenestrating people.!😂

[@TheBard1999]

Nice video, shame that you barely mention anything that happened in Eastern Europe. In 17th century both Russia and Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth went through destructive wars and civil wars. Moskov was sacked. And Wars in 17th century killed up to 30% of population of Polish Kingdom (more destructive than II World War), which lead directly to 3 partitions of PLC in 18 century.

[@Vitalis94]

Heck, the Commonwealth didn't need to be involved in 30 years war to be as (if not more) affected by warfare and famine as the rest of Europe. Also, this series largely ignores Eastern Europe, because it's adressed mostly to American students, to whom Eastern European history is irrelevant.

[@Udontkno7]

This is for APEH (Advanced Placement European History) which I took last year. We dont focus much on Eastern Europe until the 20th century.

[@piotrkleszcz6782]

They are mentioning Middle Europe (Bohemia) several times, there we have it xD

[@Vitalis94]

@@nimajneb1219 Wait a minute. I've never suggested that the Americans are dumb. I merely stated that this series is aimed at them - and what they learn in schools.

[@beth8775]

I would be interested in watching a whole other series on eastern European history.

[@reidstrr]

You’re really killing it in these videos John - great job, very fun learning.

[@qpSubZeroqp]

Thank you for making this series! Thank you for making all of the series

[@filmscentre19]

Hi Mr Green I have always been a fan of Crash Course! They are concise, informative, appropriately planned etc. I really hope you guys can start a Clash Course Geography because it will be beneficial to our lessons in school and a variety of other reasons. Thank you so much!

[@beedubb2653]

Oooh, historical info, in a bite sized format, that allows me to consume even more. I think I just found a new favorite channel. Thx for posting.

[@balinthonvari7723]

I love how you have found so many high quality pictures to illustrate the topic!

[@sleeper_san619]

Almost at 10mil because of how much knowledge you bring to the table. Also, loved the art today.

[@Tourian]

These videos keep getting better and BETTER!!

[@andrewbatist6355]

dear crash course world history.... your images archives are GORGEOUS ! thank you for making me visually interested.

[@SystemBD]

The realistic human hands in the "though bubble" section fit surprisingly well. Like if Eldritch abominations were playing with the contenders of the war. Great stuff.

[@thevirtualjonathan1284]

I was thinking, a clear Monty Python homage.

[@davidbukowski3463]

Good video, but you definitely should have talked about places outside Central Europe. Cromwell was completely destroying Ireland, Poland had sacked Moscow, etc.

[@oddballskull1941]

This series does seem a bit idk..vague? Europe is a huge huge continent, in this way it feels like they are picking what they deem important for us to know, but what about all these countries individual history that we may otherwise never learn about

[@Jesse_Dawg]

Great job on this episode. Much love to John Green and team

[@jessicalv6442]

Thanks for the sources and the brilliant explanation about the Thirty Years' War!! They help my history assignment a lot :)

[@woketoad2426]

This has to be my favourite episode on the Euro history series, I personally prefer the more contained focus

[@Amadeu.Macedo]

Outstanding short resume' of the catastrophic 30 years war! Congratulations

[@NeillGuitars]

A small comment on something you said. In the second defenestration, Ferdinand's people didn't say it was a miracle because they were saved by the manure. According to them, angels lowered them gently to the ground.

[@JOHN----DOE]

Very stinky angels

[@EurasiaOnYT]

Great video! You're a great inspiration for my new channel. Great video once again! 😊

[@SaiyanHeretic]

Ah, good ol' defenestration! The scriptwriter's method of choice for dispatching your villain in a G to PG-13 film. Unless you show the landing. Then it is very R-rated.

[@nope2dat]

SaiyanHeretic this is Sparta Prague!

[@oddballskull1941]

Kill the beast!

[@karllandegren9727]

@@nope2dat Isn't it ironic that Prague's football team is called "Sparta Prague"?

[@YakAttack915]

Great stuff as always

[@faithpoggioli3817]

I never knew that the Thirty Years War was so violent! Great video!

[@ahmedbadran3881]

Wonderful effort. Keep going.

[@llhants1]

Another splendid video by Crash course.

[@generalflaviusaetius1997]

Man, this topic (Crisis of the 17th Century) requires more than a crash course considering the multitudes of violent deadly events causing human suffering on an epic scale globally. Issues like the Witch hunts which peaked during this time. Issues like 41% of the population of Ireland being wiped out, the English civil wars, French civil wars (which the great general Viscount Turenne fought in), the Great Northern War, the slow collapse of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth. Also aside from Western Europe, China was utterly devastated by the 4 decade long transition from Han Ming rule to Manchu Qing rule, such that over 25 million people died, 3 times the casualties of the Thirty years war. Regions like Henan lost 7/10 of their entire population to disease, drought and violence. Heck even in Africa, there was a Mauritanian Thirty Years war between the Arabs and Berbers. Truly one of the most interesting times to learn about.

[@kates4911]

i've been binging this bc as a german i barely learned about any of this in school (we just went over the world wars about 500 times for obvious and perfectly valid reasons) and it's soo interesting. but i would love to see some maps in these videos, because i have very little idea of what places belonged to which kingdoms at what time... i had to google where bohemia even was because no one really calls the region that anymore. maps in between the images would be really really really helpful

[@glauco.l]

Wonderful! Congratulations on a great job! One suggestion is to provide PDF flashcards about the content. It Wil certainly help us to fix them!

[@SuicideBunny6]

8:49 Sabaton 'The lion from the north' and 'Gott mit uns', the only reason why this sounds familiar to me! 🤘

[@TheGreatCooLite]

I guess you could say that in 1570, *winter was coming*

[@karlkarlos3545]

I have long argued that Game of Thrones has actually as much in common with the 30 years war as with the war of the roses.

[@cowboyflipflopped]

Ferdinand: All your base are belong to us. You have no chance to survive. Make your time.

[@thereforeayam]

"coming news"

[@experssion123]

2070 extreme summer is coming

[@p.bamygdala2139]

I'd love it if you could do a video about The Flavians, the fall of the second temple, and Bar Kockbah revolts, and whether we can trust the accounts of Josephus. And if it's not too controversial for your channel, I'd like to see your scholarly breakdown of the Serapis timeline.

[@stella187]

I found this video super interesting! Raised in Sweden, I leaned about the 30 Years War in history class, but never about the little ice age and (surprisingly and very sadly) never about the human misery that the war and the changing climate caused. It was always "Kings did that, Empire was that"... Thank you Crash Course, for providing me some nuance.

[@FroehligGirlz]

Bad news with a good response gives that news (or olds) immense value. 👏🏼👏👏👏👏

[@roryk101]

This video makes me enjoy the 1632 series even more

[@victorcabanelas]

I was reading about the defenestrations of Prague because of work a few months ago and they're fascinating. Especially the second one. Not only did the people that got thrown out of a 20 meters tall window survived but, also, they threw a secretary too (I'm guessing 'cause it's fun to throw people out of windows). As a side note, I think it's important to mention that before the conflict started, in Bohemia, there was freedom of religion. That probably made things even worse. That said, great video. Keep it up!

[@aryaaaa70]

Victor Cabanelas bddhd

[@citchelus]

awesome presentation!!!

[@m00rtin4]

i tought u would dive deeper into the 30 years war and its phases itself more directly then discussing the little ice age again. but yeah it connects tho. imo 30 years war itself deserves a own episode just like 100 years war, 7 years war and ww1 and ww2.

[@hannahgrippo5425]

There hasn't been a new Crash Course European History in a couple of weeks. Is it coming back? Can't wait to learn about the Scientific Revolution. Such a good show!

[@TiltedJesterStudios]

oh!OH! Mr. Green MR. GREEN? "Yes me from the past"

[@Hawkster52]

When you're a Sabaton fan and just waiting eagerly for Gustavus Adolphus to enter the story.

[@v.k.8153]

LIBERA ET IMPERA!

[@Gidonamor]

Anon Ymous augusta per angusta

[@genericyoutubeaccount579]

I WAS THE KING OF SWEDEN!

[@JemLeavitt]

Well done video.

[@synone4013]

John, I just wanted to say thank you.

[@jaillencabarillos5737]

thank u again for helping me in my quiz

[@ldblokland463]

No mention of the 80 years war, which was active at the same time. Still a great video tho.

[@susannasunarno]

Thank you. I love your content. I traveled round Europe years ago and wanted to learn the history of this region. But for me, It's difficult to me to learn complex history in Europe. So many wars, kings, kingdoms and all. This channel helps me to understand what was going on. I can't wait to dig into more and more stories.

[@Defenestration_of_Prague]

I got WAY too excited about the Defenestration of Prague. Probably my favorite moment of history.

[@acusticamenteconvusional9936]

And as always literally just 1 mention to Spain who was together with Austria, France and Sweden one of the most important participants, besides being involved in the war from the beginning.

[@Geographus666]

Eh, I was looking forward to this episode since there was a small chance my hometown was going to be mentioned in it but sadly that didn't work out. Anyway, greeting from Münster.

[@TheRageng]

Munster was a beautiful city and full of buzz during this time!

[@creatinotionchannel2680]

Never paid attention to this war. Sounds horrifying! Thank you for sharing.

[@Vojtokae]

Finaly, we were mention in Crash Course again, even though we began one of the deadliest war in history. Worth it!

[@franciscomm7675]

"History is not one human story. It is all human stories" You couldn't have said it better

[@michalhruska3100]

Every time I read my sources on the Bohemian nobility, it crackes me up. With such ease they'd utter phrases like 'have these gentlemen wander off the windows' and 'let the angels catch the true in faith'...

[@fatimahweidi7470]

Awesome vid as always!

[@ttrdf]

im excited you're back, and we all need to learn and do something about nature and climate, we have a three times more window to improve, and this time it's man made

[@samfricker6355]

I'm surprised you didn't mention the work of Jacques Callot, The Miseries of War, they're a fantastic artistic representation of the thirty years war.

[@community1949]

No wonder my people on my father's side of the family migrated to the midwest from Germany in Stuttgart, Baden Baden and the black forest. If they could't farm anymore, everything was too expensive and there was war everywhere it explains why about 15 people came over here. They came over her around 1780 and some even fought in the US Civil War.

[@juniorberns]

Love your stuff. Recommended you to Devry University.

[@joeyskunk]

Well done!

[@oana-mariasava7745]

I LOVE Crash Course! Literature, Philosophy, History, everything! Thank you so, so much and keep up the amazing work!

[@yotamravid3159]

4:05 SECOND Defenestration of Prague. It sounds silly, but the First Defenestration Of Prague brought on the Hussite wars, which were between Catholics and Protestants in the 1500s, and they featured the first use of mobile artillery (wagons with cannons mounted on them), the early models of Pike&Shot, pikes, in general, proved their worth on the battlegrounds of the Hussite wars, so it is kind of a big difference. It's kind of like the First and Second world wars - the first invented all the stuff and yes was a big deal everywhere but it was just a bunch of "local" wars, then the second turned out to be far bigger, and improved on and used the inventions of the first one.

[@zayan6284]

Wait 5 seconds before you comment

[@unvergebeneid]

Maybe people in Prague should just stop throwing people out of windows. It never ends well.

[@gregwills8981]

Sounds like the future. Thanks for the lesson, again.

[@Tyear]

8:52 Spent the night in formation To the battle we march in the dawn We were ready to die for our king On the fields of Breitenfeld

[@fuzzyhair321]

i honestly had tears in my eyes when i saw that part of the good news, scientific revolution. still a long long way to go

[@SamFerguson]

This was a tough video to watch (in a good way). I'm gonna need what I'm sure is the upcoming video on the Enlightenment to cheer me up.

[@nope2dat]

Sam Ferguson nah you know Johns gonna be like the enlightenment not that great really

[@mr51406]

0:17 It’s a view of Notre-Dame-des-Victoires church in Quebec City from a 1759 sketch by military artist Richard Short, “Quebec City after the War.” The war being the Conquest of New France by Britain and its American colonies. Restoration completed in 1816, it’s still there today on Place Royale. My erudition and pedantry aside, it’s still a good illustration of the ravages of war in the early modern era.

[@jacobvaerst1300]

man my teacher used to always pull up your videos in high school, and here I am, i’m college struggling with a paper and you come to save me again 😂

[@pawtleopard]

Can you show more maps please? Helps place events for more visual learners like me, thx

[@bethhar1534]

Hello, I really enjoyed this part. I just want to point out, that The Defenestration of Prague in 1618 wasn´t the second but actually the third one, since there was also a defenestration in 1483, however it was "less" important (though still some people died). I´m lookind forwards to the next part. :)

[@ferriteproductions2456]

“History resists simplicity” John Green “This war was caused by, you guessed it, religion” John Green

[@karlkarlos3545]

It was "caused" by religion -- Not, it was all about religion. Does semantic even matter anymore to people?

[@ferriteproductions2456]

The causes of the war were complex. There are many historians that argue that when the Protestants seized all church property that that caused the war. Had they not, there may not have been battle or at least not to the scale we saw. So yes, there are different interpretations for the cause or causes (more than one) of the war. For John Green to say religion (a term used for everything from druidism to Catholicism) caused the war, is just a poor choice of phrasing at best.

[@i_smoke_ghosts]

love you man !

[@Elnadrius]

Sabaton and Crush Course have video on same topic in the same week? That's interesting. So, a tradition states: GOTT MIT UNS! Or Noch ein bier!

[@tacokoneko]

deus vult?

[@XmarkedSpot]

@@tacokoneko ​ Deus vult translates to "god wants (it so/ this way)", Gott mit uns simply means "god with us". Both phrases shall transport the idea that whoever says it is acting with a deity's explicit approval.

[@iriscotrupi380]

I owe this man every passing grade I’ve ever received

[@scipioafricanus5871]

So how much famine, war, death and devastation are we gonna see? 30-Years-War: Yes.

[@MrMineHeads.]

Peace of Westphalia also brought the idea of sovereignty and nation-states.

[@Ruhrpottpatriot]

Not only that. That peace and the war itself had a profund impact on the German mindset. Outside of a small period from 1888 to 1945, the main goal of German politics has been to equalize the power balance between various actors in the German speaking realm. Also, the sometimes morbid obsession with death and crime in arts (you think the US has many criminal TV series? Think again.) is attributed mainly to the 30 years war.

[@Ruhrpottpatriot]

@Nub93 You didn't get my point at all.

[@hayleyjarrett808]

The hands at 5:15 look very Monty Python. Love it.

[@sublime_death_1789]

good job! 👍

[@falderappes3074]

I hope you will make a video about the eighty years war cuz it braught enormous wealth to the netherlands in the 17th century

[@johnb8196]

Where’s the next episode? I’m looking forward to it

[@Livlikeliv]

Up until the Peace of Westphalia part, I had no idea this video was the same thing that my college class spent a semester talking about. The video wass significantly better and cheaper

[@napoleon9970]

I wish John was more excited when talking about history as he used to be

[@fernandoguzmanlagunes8075]

That ending tho! Cheers guys...

[@mr.leblanc9902]

Hey John, thanks for explaining this century for me - it really helps. I still am not convinced the "Wars of Religion" were about religion. It seems that political ambitions were at the root of the 30 years war, and religious difference was simply used to permit the violence which would have been censured without it. As with France, eventually they didn't need to bother to pretend the war was for religious reasons. I also think the whole 'taking land away from people for the Catholic church' doesn't tell the whole story: these monasteries were violently occupied by rulers using the protestant reformation to do openly what they had been trying to do on the sly always: steal wealth that was given for religious reasons so that they could use it for worldly reasons, like war. That's my view.

[@dulandouys3407]

mr.greene you are always late for class!!! if there is any writing or research jobs available for the channel. please let me know.

[@m00rtin4]

So we gonna get some a episode after the sience one involving louis 14 th aka sun god? How about the great northern war and war of spanish succession? Cant wait for 18th century in this series. So many wars, so much enlightment and discovery!

[@EmileA266]

Interesting note to end on. It makes me think about the saying that "necessity is the mother of invention." Does prosperity encourage some complacency? Have big shifts in thought that challenged orthodoxy and revolutionized our lifestyles taken place in times of prosperity?

[@GreatgoatonFire]

Fun fact, in Sweden the fact that the Catholic were called "The Catholic League" has tainted the word league. Any sort of criminal groupe tends to be called a league for example.

[@hugoiwata]

That defenestration part (and following manure landing) could be in a BTTF movie.