The Battle of Diu and Control of the Spice Trade

On an early morning in February, 1509, two forces faced each other at the port of Diu in India in what would be a pivotal point in world history.
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This is original content based on research by The History Guy. Images in the Public Domain are carefully selected and provide illustration. As very few images of the actual event are available in the Public Domain, images of similar objects and events are used for illustration.
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Script by JCG
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[@TheHistoryGuyChannel]

A few viewers have mentioned that some of the images are not of Portuguese ships. Those are paintings of vessels of the type used in the battle. Images are for illustration only, as there are often not enough images available of the actual event being described.

[@tomlindsay4629]

You did a fine job of finding Carrack images, and included most Portuguese images that I'm familiar with.

[@plasmaburndeath]

You did better than I would, I would have had to resort to drawing stick figures by now lol! 😀

[@scorpion19142001]

The paintings are Beautiful. I've watched hundreds of your videos. And all these paintings are just beautiful.

[@luiscarvalho1989]

Great to see my Country History, "told" in such manner. I just believe you could/should have mentioned, the letter D. Francisco sent, to Chaul, before he had left, "for Veangeance"... now...1538, "second round"?

[@docw1819]

Please disregard these uneducated comments. Nice job again

[@eliaslima5506]

The naval battle of Diu is easily one of the five most important battles in human history!!! Not just the history of Portugal or Europe! This battle totally changed the world, geopolitically, economically and religiously! Very radical changes! At that time, Muslims were on the verge of world domination, having almost complete control of all maritime trade in Southeast Asia and the ports of these heavily populated eastern nations. In Diu, Muslim pretensions to become a global empire, sunk forever! The Islamic world was ripped in half by the viceroy of Portugal and his daring armada. This battle opened the doors of Southeast Asia to all the great European empires. Dutch, French, Spanish, British Empire etc, later even the United States of America benefited from this great Portuguese feat. I would say that even the Russian Empire benefited! Because this Portuguese pressure in the western and eastern Mediterranean and in all the seas that stretched from Arabia to the Philippines, passing through Japan, Australia, etc., drew the attention of the Ottoman Empire to the south of the planet, leaving the Russians practically free to attack the Ottoman territories south of Moscow and expand eastward into Alaska. The most amazing thing is that the battle of Diu is almost unknown in the western world and even among many Portuguese speakers. The Portuguese generations of the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries were incredibly brave people! Great Admirals of the Christian faith!!! Great protectors of the western world!!! Great Browsers. I am from the Lima family on my mother's side, and from the Sousa family on my father's side. I am Brazilian and I have deep respect for my Portuguese ancestors. A batalha naval de Diu, é facilmente uma das cinco batalhas mais importantes da história humana!!! Não apenas da história de Portugal ou da Europa! Essa batalha mudou o mundo totalmente, no âmbito geopolítico, econômico e religioso! Mudanças muito radicais! Nessa época os mulçumanos estavam prestes a dominar o mundo, tendo o controle quase que total de todo o comércio marítimo do sudeste asiático e dos portos dessas nações orientais de população muito numerosa. Em Diu, as pretensões mulçumanas de se tornarem um império global, afundou pra sempre! O mundo islâmico foi rasgado ao meio pelo vice-rei de Portugal e sua ousada armada. Essa batalha abriu as portas do sudeste asiático para todos os grandes impérios europeus. Império Holandês, Francês, Espanhol, Britânico etc, posteriormente até os Estados Unidos da América se beneficiaram deste grandíssimo feito português. Diria que até o Império Russo se beneficiou! Pois essa pressão portuguesa no mediterrâneo ocidental, oriental e em todos os mares que se estendiam da Arábia até as Filipinas, passando por Japão, Austrália etc, chamou muito a atenção do Império Otomano para o sul do planeta, deixando os russos praticamente livres para atacar os territórios otomanos ao sul de Moscou e se expandirem para o leste até o Alaska. O mais incrível é que a batalha de Diu é quase desconhecida no mundo ocidental e até mesmo entre muitos falantes de língua portuguesa. As gerações portuguesas do século XV, XVI e XVII, foram pessoas incrivelmente valorosas! Grandes Almirantes da fé cristã!!! Grandes protetores do mundo ocidental!!! Grandes Navegadores. Sou da família Lima por parte de mãe, e da família Sousa por parte de Pai. Sou brasileiro e tenho profundo respeito pelos meus ancestrais portugueses!

[@antoniolima1068]

Também sou Lima, dos Açores, abraço fraterno.

[@GuilhermeS123]

Portugal was the first global empire. For a century nobody would mess with Portuguese Navy and the seas were owned by them.

[@bconni2]

that's very true. at one point in history , the Portuguese had the most powerful, technologically advanced naval force on planet earth. so powerful in fact, Ferdinand & Isabella lobbied for peace as to avoid a major military conflict with Portugal. yet often times when discussing this period of history, many historians and scholars tend to ignore this fact and focus on the rise of the Spanish empire with the exploits of Columbus.

[@gilvaz2902]

when a movie about that battle? A father who want to revenge his son death ... change the world for ever .... what a movie....

[@TimSerras]

Portuguese don’t make movies. Cão que ladra não morde.

[@bconni2]

yeah, but they won't do it because of political correctness. remember, Hollywood is infected with the woke mob. Europeans = bad everyone else = good

[@Orionte9]

After tthe Battle Francisco de Almeida said to heavens "My son you didn´t get a single candle ligthing your funeral, Today i ligth an entire city to you"

[@jonathanbeeson8614]

Thanks History Guy for illuminating yet another important piece of history that is largely obscure today. I had to check the dates to be sure, but it amazes me that the Portuguese in this battle secured the western Indian Ocean just 10 years after Vasco Da Gama made the first successful trip from Portugal to India by sea.

[@jayhuxley2559]

The war with Islan at sea had already many centuries, just the place changed.

[@Tusiriakest]

My favorite portuguese battle is the Battle of Cochim 1504. 150 Portuguese vs 83.000 Malabaris, Otomans and Venetians. Ther lost more than 19.000, the portuguese had 0 losses.

[@TingTong2568]

There was no Ottomans in 1504 in the Indian Ocean

[@jpmtlhead39]

Also the 1622 Battle of Macau where the 1.500 Dutch with 14 Ships did try to conquer Macau from the 150 Portuguese soldiers defending the Portuguese Colony. The Dutch never again did try the same Dire "Stunt",they were Crushed suffering 300+ deaths the same number of injured and 5 ships sunk. The Portuguese suffer 6 dead and 20 injured men.

[@bconni2]

the one common theme throughout the history of the Portuguese empire, is that they were always at a huge numerical disadvantage, yet somehow they had more wins than losses.

[@TimSerras]

@@bconni2 Manda huevos (spanish saying).

[@bconni2]

@@TimSerras "no way".?

[@OptimusWombat]

There's so much game-changing history that's unknown to most people. Thanks THG!

[@mikeyoung9810]

Most people are just like ourselves. Maybe that's why we want to kill each other.

[@therakshasan8547]

If you weren't a history teacher before I am glad that you are one now .. Thank You .

[@harrykuheim6107]

Quite a bit better than a your average High School History Class/Teacher isn't he?

[@timothyprice1407]

Wow. This is why I love this channel so much. I never heard of this battle and yes, it is truly pivotal in world history! Thank you, HG.

[@OriginalNortad]

I dont remember this being mentioned in my history class. Our explorers are always painted as some endevourers, astronaut like personalities, expanding our knowledge of the world. Good to see an unbiased view of what really happened.

[@Unknowngfyjoh]

Or they focus on just the Western Hemisphere

[@VonSteyr]

It was a different age. Different mindset but still they were considered something akin to cold blooded killers. If you have any chance, check CR Boxer's "O Império Colonial Português". It might give you another insight of what is out of school history books.

[@jeanlundi2141]

I'm portuguese and never got that idea. The brutality isn't emphasized....but neither is it emphasized when we learn about how our country was formed...at the expense of a lot of blood.

[@bconni2]

that's because the far Lefties have taken over your education system. they have shame and embarrassment over the fact that the Portuguese empire was in part a crusading empire based on conquest and spreading Christianity. so they teach you that the empire was based on exploration and trade. they scrub out the bloody, religious stuff as much as they can

[@TagusMan]

Excellent! Another story that history has forgotten is the tale of the Botafogo, the Portuguese man-o-war that was the biggest and most advanced war ship of its era. The name Botafogo was then given to a now famous neighbourhood and football team in Rio de Janeiro.

[@Cj-yw8cs]

And that one guy who had his wiener lopped off?

[@pauloamw]

And Vasco da Gama is another team from Rio. Neither are doing so well I'm afraid.

[@pitsnipe5559]

Just proves something I’ve always believed. If you want to understand the present, you must know the past.

[@Mojo-le2bv]

Amazing how different people will feel differently about family and that can change history. 🌍

[@roi2480]

A True fathers bloodlust. One of the most bloody and savage naval war in the past that I heard. Thank you.

[@bconni2]

if you read about the Portuguese empire, the one common theme you'll come across, is that they always showed up prepared to fight.

[@LuxiBelle]

There is a mission in AoE2 where you re-enact this battle. You play are Almeida and have to convert Albuquerque then fight the city of Dui who has a navy and a fortress. There is an achievement if you convert Albuquerque without killing a unit but the rest of the mission is not that pacifist.

[@laserbeam002]

I had only vaguly heard of the Battle of Diu. Thank you for expanding on it. Wonderful post.

[@bconni2]

it's considered by many historians as one of the most pivotal naval battles in world history

[@sailingnow7479]

fantastic, they should made a movie about it

[@retiredteacher724]

I Would have loved to have you as my history teacher! Your stories are full of vigor and excitement! Plus you have the same problem I have with words ending in "-le"! In your summation title " Battle" is spelled "Battel"! Keep these wonderful stories coming and I shall know that secretly we are kindred!

[@dannyjones3840]

Thanks for another great history lesson Lance! I had never heard of this battle, but it was truly one of the most pivotal, world changing events in history.

[@Dislike_and_Unsubscribe]

Silo much of this is stuff I would never have known if you weren’t here to teach it. Thanks and keep up the good work:)

[@SuperSnow18]

Portuguese guys rules!!!

[@-jeff-]

Thanks for this story of one spicy conflict!

[@robertwoodman738]

I learned something new today. Thanks, History Guy!

[@cynthiarowley719]

Gorgeous illustrations🤩

[@geoben1810]

If history had been taught in school as you present it I'd have been so much more interested. I do enjoy learning about history but much like math, it needs to be taught correctly and with enthusiasm. And the significance explained. Thanks HG.

[@ceterisparibus7027]

🇫🇮🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹🇵🇹 Lendário!

[@pauloacsilva68]

Those were brutal times. Any of those kingdoms fought in a brutal way. Focusing on that is really pointless. The important fact on the national level here is that a small country, estimated population of 1 million habitants, managed, half the world away, to mass a strong fleet and confront some major powers at the time right at their doorstep. Gujarat only had an estimated population 4 times greater. Makes us proud of the achievement and that's why it was the main focus in school teaching. At international level this was very important, even if most of the times is ignored, as it leads to the involvement of the Ottoman empire with an important side effect. The fall of the Mamelukes had the Ottomans stop their advance into European continent to take Egypt and later fight the Portuguese dominance in the Indian Ocean (see Siege of Diu 1538). This gave those European Kingdoms time to reinforce and better prepare for the next Ottoman attempt at European conquest. For Europe this was more important than it's usually recognized. Keep history in perspective is very important in understanding it. Recent attempts from some to try and hide or rewrite parts of it will only harm everyone else as we'll repeat errors of the past.

[@winj3r]

To think that once, Portugal was a great world power, capable of changing history. Could you make a video of the battle of the Three Kings, and how that led to the fall of the Portuguese empire.

[@PedroOliveira-gm4ji]

All impire's falls

[@TimSerras]

Portuguese empire did not fall. Portugal only had the same king as Spain (Philip II of Spain, Philip I of Portugal) because he was the rightful heir of the Portuguese throne. However, Portugal held on to much of its empire, loosing some Indonesian islands to the Dutch, Ceylon also to the Dutch and managed to recover Brazil and Angola from the French, English and Dutch.

[@markrothenbuhler6232]

Thanks for this! All I remember from my 1980's history in school is that da Gama was an explorer. But the brutality of reality is so much more sobering. Today wars are still being fought for money, control and superiority. The victors paint the losing side as the "bad guys". We have learned nothing.

[@fortusvictus8297]

Yet we gained everything. Don't knock success because YOU are too weak to do anything but benefit from the ambitions and risk-taking of others.

[@pauleohl]

Could anyone possibly argue that the loser Nazis were not the "bad guys"?

[@septembersurprise5178]

@@fortusvictus8297 "The materialities were not invented in the interest of righteousness..." - Mark Twain

[@DuckReach432]

@@fortusvictus8297 Who is "we" in "we gained everything?"

[@fortusvictus8297]

@@DuckReach432 Even the people of India have benefited. Unless you are arguing they would be better off if they had kept the old Caste system. Colonialism may have been ugly, but it improved the overall living condition of mankind and spread wealth globally. There are very noticeable differences between regions that accept capitalism and those that reject it. Don't have to like the how, but the results don't lie. Even the peoples who paid the highest price (such as Native Americans) suffer less today than their ancestors did or they would have left on their own without so much as the wheel.

[@markplain2555]

A bit of useless history info. The Portuguese word for good is "Bom" (letter 'm' is silent). The Portuguese established themselves in an Indian bay that they like and called it the "Good Bay" or "Bom Baia" or later nickname "Bom Bay" and later still "Bombay" when they gifted the bay to the British.

[@Diversusmilitary]

That wasn’t useless at all. Thank you for this info.

[@nahmend6987]

I'm portuguese "Bom" has also a feminine counterpart "Boa" since in my language the word "baia" is considered feminine that would be "boa baía", also the "m" in "bom" is not silent, it just tones the "o" down a little bit and ads a humming sond in the end, hard to explain by words ONLY without making the sound itself 😂

[@pauldonnelly910]

A good story and excellent art -- yet somehow, you never mentioned pirates.

[@ethanwinning1706]

Thank you for slowing your delivery in the last year. While your enthusiasm is infectious, my hearing is not as fast as it used to be ;-)

[@Jack-xo2zp]

The only way to try to understand him is to turn on the closed captioning option and to read the text along with his voice. It's rather amusing to see some the words that the computer interprets him as saying.

[@bethhentges]

You can click on the gear settings icon and change the playback speed to 0.75 speed.

[@gilparceiro]

🇧🇷 Essa batalha de Diu, é considerada a 6° maior batalha do mundo. No qual essa batalha mudou o rumo do mundo naquela época do século XVI. E acabou com o poderio muçulmano no oriente médio. Era para Hollywood já ter feito um filme ou série épica de grande proporção contando essa história do mega feito português para o mundo protagonizado por: Vasco da Gama, Pedro Álvares Cabral, é o vice 1°rei de Portugal Francisco Almeida. No qual o vice 1° Rei de Portugal, Francisco Almeida, teve seu filho Lourenço de Almeida brutalmente assassinado pelos muçulmanos que não gostavam de fazer negócios com os europeus. Devido eles, os muçulmanos eram os controladores da economia global, de certa forma nessa época, em cooperação com asiáticos é chineses também. No qual eles detinham também o caminho da seda. Primeiro que chegou nas índias descobriu o caminho das índias foi Vasco da Gama, ficou dois meses preso, com seus marinheiros é forçado a fazer diversos favores com humilhações, é não teve muito negócio favorável. Dom Manoel 1°rei de Portugal, mudou sua estratégia, mandou em segundo plano, o descobridor do Brasil ou da América do Sul. Nada menos do que ele: Pedro Álvares Cabral, logo após descobrir o Brasil na costa da América do Sul, partiu imediatamente para as índias. Não contou conversa com os muçulmanos explodiu o porto de calicute. Até 1508 os portugueses estabeleceram vários portos comerciais no oceano índico. Sabendo disso, os muçulmanos se aliaram aos mamelucos, indianos, otomanos e venezianos. Os estados islâmico se uniram é partira para contra ofensiva em chaul( atual angre samadhi) que estava sobre controle do jovem português Dom Lourenço de Almeida, filho do vice rei de Portugal Francisco Almeida. Viram o erro que cometeram, é Malik Ayyaz governador de Diu, escreveu uma carta desesperada para o vice-rei de Portugal Francisco Almeida, pedindo desculpas, que implorava por misericórdia, amizade e perdão, ao vice Rei português. Mas o Vice 1° Rei de Portugal respondeu de volta em outra carta, clara e objetiva. " Eu o vice-rei, me dirijo a voz, muito honrado Malik Ayyaz para informar-vos de que estou a caminho de vossa cidade, com meus cavaleiros para procurar Os que mataram um homem conhecido como meu filho, estou indo com a esperança de Deus no céu para descarregar vingança sobre eles e sobre os que os ajudaram. Isso se, não os encontrar, vossa cidade não me escapará, irá me pagar de volta por tudo, estou informando-vos disso, para que estejais plenamente conscientes quando eu chegar! Estou a caminho. Você comeu o frango, agora vai ter que comer o galo." Com 18 navios e 1200 homens, Francisco de Almeida tinha reunido a força naval mais poderosa da história do Oceano Índico, ele queria os muçulmanos prontos e preparados para seu último ato como vice-rei de Portugal. Desesperado, o governador de Diu foi em busca de apoio de todos os lados, império mameluco, Reino de calicute, Veneza e o maior deles o império otomano. eles reuniram 200 Galés de guerra em mais de 5 mil homens agora o Oceano Índico seria o palco de uma das mais importantes batalhas navais da história. Quando os portugueses chegaram em 3 de fevereiro de 1509, a frota muçulmana já estava pronta no canal, 217 galés x 17 galeões portuguêses. Com um grande apoio de artilharia terrestre muçulmano. Então Francisco de Almeida decide colocar o seu melhor e maior Galeão o flor do mar na saída do canal bloqueando a saída de dezenas de Galés, Francisco de Almeida dispara o tiro que dá início a batalha. Disparos começam de ambos os lados, só que o jogo vira quando o Galeão santo espírito inicia uma manobra militar inovadora, os artilheiros posicionam seus canhões rentes ao mar, dando disparos que faziam as balas ganharem altura e ao mesmo tempo levantavam uma cortina de água que dificultava a visão inimiga. Uma chuva de balas descia sobre a coalizão que estava encurralada: Enquanto isso, Francisco de Almeida é o Flor do mar castigavam as galés no canal que não resistiam ao bombardeio e não tinham outra saída: O navio disparou mais de 600 balas sobre os inimigos, afundando dezenas deles e fazendo outras dezenas fugirem de volta para calicute, nesse bombardeio o navio Bandeira foi capturado, é o restante da frota entra em Pânico generalizado. Nesse momento em diante, a guerra estava perdida para os muçulmanos, todos os navios foram destruídos com exceção de quatro carracas indianas, que foram invadidas e capturadas pelos portugueses, era o fim da batalha de Diu! A vingança apenas estava longe de terminar. Em memória da morte de seu filho ele ordena que dezenas de prisioneiros mamelucos sejam literalmente explodidos em pedaços por seus canhões, muitos deles explodidos dentro dos próprios canhões, outros eram queimados vivos outros foram amarrados em navios e afundados outros foram obrigados a matar uns aos outros, vários deles foram esquartejados e tiveram seus membros espalhados pelo portão da cidade. Francisco Almeida explica o porquê! "Através destes portões entraram e saíram os muçulmanos que mataram meu filho." O governador de Diu oferece rendição e vassalagem incondicional ao rei de Portugal. Devolve os prisioneiros bem vestidos e cuidados, e uma indenização grandiosa. Agora Portugal dominaria sozinho a maior parte do comércio oriental, destruiria antiga a rota da seda, levaria Veneza e dezenas de estados islâmicos à falência, é se tornaria a primeira superpotência global do século XVI. Tudo isso graças a batalha de Diu. Para os muçulmanos que assistiram o seu mundo afundar, a vitória portuguesa Só podia ser pela vontade de Deus é Não havia mais nada que eles pudessem fazer. Os portugueses chegaram no oceano Índico, e chegaram para ficar. Agora eu pergunto! Quem é Leônidas perto de Francisco Almeida. Segundo o livro 50 Battles that changed the World by William Weir. A batalha de Diu fica na 6° posição. Somente atrás das batalhas de: 1° Maratona; 2°Rebelião de Nika; 3°Bunker Hill; 4°Arbela; 5°Hattin; 6°Diu. "Os muçulmanos estavam prestes a dominar o mundo no século XVI, mas essa perspectiva afundou no mar de Diu." By William Weir, escritor é historiador.

[@joaosilva2827]

PORTUGAL 💪💪💪

[@scottdodge6979]

Naval combat of this era was so brutal. Getting two pieced by a cannon, my God.

[@pauleohl]

How could naval or any other military combat not be brutal?

[@bconni2]

the Portuguese innovated almost every major technological advancement in naval warfare at that time in history. many of which were still used by other European colonial powers the centuries that followed.

[@mdcampbell7360]

The Mamalukes should have taken a left turn at Albuquerque.

[@Unknowngfyjoh]

I am proud to say that I definitely knew about this battle prior to this video, although not in this much detail. Next stop... Banda Islands!!!

[@joaoconchilha2231]

Great work, congrats.

[@luispinheiro2567]

A fathers revenge that changed the world...

[@jayhuxley2559]

When Europeand were playing "my County is bigger than yours", Portugal was fighting for "the World is mine!"

[@PeterMKooiman]

Some food for the mind... "Accidentally found Brasil" but for some reason the Portuguese decided to move the line of the Treaty of Tordesillas a tad more west ;)

[@brunocarmo6974]

Leter from D Francisco de Almeida to Meliqueaz: "Eu o visorei digo a ti honrado Meliqueaz, capitão de Diu, e te faço saber que vou com meus cavaleiros a essa tua cidade, lançar a gente que se aí acolheram, depois que em Chaul pelejaram com minha gente, e mataram um homem que se chamava meu filho; e venho com esperança em Deus do Céu tomar deles vingança e de quem os ajudar; e se a eles não achar não me fugirá essa tua cidade, que me tudo pagará, e tu, pela boa ajuda que foste fazer a Chaul; o que tudo te faço saber porque estejas bem apercebido para quando eu chegar, que vou de caminho, e fico nesta ilha de Bombaim, como te dirá este que te esta carta leva."

[@Quincy_Morris]

As it is mostly with the conflicts from this era, It’s not the native vs the newcomers. It’s the native and Newcomers vs other natives and other newcomers.

[@gilparceiro]

🇵🇹This battle of Diu is considered the 6th largest battle in the world. In which this battle changed the course of the world at that time in the 16th century. And it ended Muslim power in the Middle East. Hollywood should have already made an epic film or series of great proportions telling this story of the Portuguese mega feat for the world starring: Vasco da Gama, Pedro Álvares Cabral, is the 1st viceroy of Portugal Francisco Almeida. In which the vice 1st King of Portugal, Francisco Almeida, had his son Lourenço de Almeida brutally murdered by Muslims who did not like doing business with Europeans. Because of them, Muslims were the controllers of the global economy, in a way at that time, in cooperation with Asians and Chinese too. In which they also held the silk path. The first person to arrive in the Indies discovered the way to the Indies was Vasco da Gama, he was imprisoned for two months, with his sailors he was forced to do several favors with humiliations, and he didn't have much favorable business. Dom Manoel, 1st king of Portugal, changed his strategy, sending the discoverer of Brazil or South America into the background. Nothing less than him: Pedro Álvares Cabral, shortly after discovering Brazil on the coast of South America, left immediately to the Indies. He did not talk to the Muslims and blew up the port of Calicut. Until 1508 the Portuguese established several commercial ports in the Indian Ocean. Knowing this, Muslims allied themselves with the Mamluks, Indians, Ottomans and Venetians. The Islamic states came together to launch a counter-offensive in Chaul (current Angre Samadhi) which was under the control of the young Portuguese Dom Lourenço de Almeida, son of the Viceroy of Portugal Francisco Almeida. They saw the mistake they made, Malik Ayyaz, governor of Diu, wrote a desperate letter to the Viceroy of Portugal Francisco Almeida, apologizing, begging for mercy, friendship and forgiveness, to the Portuguese Viceroy. But the Vice 1st King of Portugal responded back in another letter, clear and objective. " I the viceroy, address the voice, most honored Malik Ayyaz to inform you that I am on my way to your city, with my knights to search for those who killed a man known as my son, I am going with the hope of God in heaven to take revenge on them and those who helped them. That is, if I don't find them, your city will not escape me, it will pay me back for everything, I am informing you of this, so that you will be fully aware when I arrive ! I'm on my way. You ate the chicken, now you're going to have to eat the rooster." With 18 ships and 1200 men, Francisco de Almeida had assembled the most powerful naval force in the history of the Indian Ocean, he wanted the Muslims ready and prepared for his last act as viceroy of Portugal. Desperate, the governor of Diu sought support from all sides, the Mamluk Empire, the Kingdom of Calicut, Venice and the largest of them the Ottoman Empire. they gathered 200 war galleys with more than 5 thousand men, now the Indian Ocean would be the stage for one of the most important naval battles in history. When the Portuguese arrived on February 3, 1509, the Muslim fleet was already ready in the channel, 217 galleys x 17 Portuguese galleons. With large Muslim ground artillery support. So Francisco de Almeida decides to place his best and biggest Galeão or flower of the sea at the exit of the channel blocking the exit of dozens of Galés, Francisco de Almeida fires the shot that starts the battle. Shots begin on both sides, but the game changes when the Galeão Santo Espírito begins an innovative military maneuver, the artillerymen position their cannons close to the sea, firing shots that make the bullets gain height and at the same time raise a curtain of water that made enemy vision difficult. A rain of bullets descended on the cornered coalition: Meanwhile, Francisco de Almeida and Flor do Mar punished the galleys in the channel that could not resist the bombardment and had no other way out: The ship fired more than 600 bullets at the enemies, sinking dozens of them and making dozens more flee back to Calicut, in this bombardment the ship Bandeira was captured, and the rest of the fleet went into widespread panic. From that moment on, the war was lost for the Muslims, all the ships were destroyed with the exception of four Indian carracks, which were invaded and captured by the Portuguese, it was the end of the battle of Diu! The revenge was just far from over. In memory of his son's death, he ordered that dozens of Mamluk prisoners were literally blown to pieces by his cannons, many of them were blown up inside their own cannons, others were burned alive, others were tied to ships and sunk, others were forced to kill each other. , several of them were dismembered and had their limbs scattered around the city gate. Francisco Almeida explains why! "Through The Muslims who killed my son entered and left these gates." The governor of Diu offers surrender and unconditional vassalage to the king of Portugal. He returns the prisoners well dressed and cared for, and a large indemnity. Now Portugal alone would dominate most of the eastern trade , would destroy the ancient silk road, bankrupt Venice and dozens of Islamic states, and become the first global superpower of the 16th century. All this thanks to the battle of Diu. For Muslims who watched their world sink, the Portuguese victory It could only be by God's will and there was nothing else they could do. The Portuguese arrived in the Indian Ocean, and they arrived to stay. Now I ask! Who is Leônidas next to Francisco Almeida. According to the book 50 Battles that changed the World by William Weir. The battle of Diu is in 6th position. Only behind the battles of: 1st Marathon; 2nd Nika Rebellion; 3rd Bunker Hill; 4°Arbela; 5°Hattin; 6th Diu. "Muslims were poised to dominate the world in the 16th century, but that prospect sank in the sea of Diu." By William Weir, writer is a historian.

[@navyreviewer]

Sounds like Albacurque took a wrong turn .... that's a bug's bunny joke.

[@bconni2]

despite being outnumbered 40 to 1, the 4 month siege of Dui in 1538 witnessed a mere 500 Portuguese soldiers successfully defend their fort against a coalition Muslim army composed of 20,000 Gujarati Indians & Ottoman Turks. quite the impressive military feat. but this defeat was so humiliating for the Indians & Turks, to this very day many of their historians have scrubbed this battle clean from their history books , pretending it never happened.

[@mikenixon2401]

I don't know why I am always amazed at the arrogance of modern society when it comes to think how much further advanced we are than people of the past. We just have more tools. For better or worse, what was accomplished then is worth remembering.

[@Quincy_Morris]

That shows a lack of understanding regarding the main problems of that era. Today, sickness, poverty, and starvation, what those in the 1500s would call those things at least, have all but disappeared in free developed nations. When compared to the 1500s there is no comparison. A poor or middle class person can live longer, eat better and have superior medical care as well as obtain technology undreamed or by the richest of the rich back in the day. The achievements of the past are noteworthy. But the achievements of the past hundred years are nothing like the world has ever seen and will change humanity forever.

[@fortusvictus8297]

True, capitalism and industrial revolutions have not changed ambitions or goals, but it has reduced the bloodshed by far. But there is constant pressure to dismantle that system and go back to power politics. So many want the bloody era of centralized power to return.

[@gregbailey1753]

We literally build upon the shoulders of others who came before.

[@brianshook3289]

We are just apes with car keys

[@xcritic9671]

This is exactly what I think about whenever someone talks about "progressing away from religion". The truth is we just trade old delusions for new ones.

[@ryanjones2310]

I love your episodes. I would love to hear something about the “Hump” pilots and mission of the Air Force flying over the Himalayan mountains.

[@TheHistoryGuyChannel]

The ATC role and more about flying “the hump” in this episode: kzbin.info/www/bejne/Y3qumKuseZaGp6M

[@mauricedavis2160]

History Guy and Crew are top shelf!!!🙏👍👻

[@gurpreetsinghbala5663]

Great information

[@Al828282]

Topic Suggestion: Hatfield and McCoy feud!

[@pedrodias1735]

A engenharia naval portuguesa era algo sublime. Além do preparo de seus homens. Vale pesquisar os feitos de Eduardo Pacheco, o Aquiles Lusitano.

[@BizarreIoveTriangle]

Great job! I really love your style (:

[@navret1707]

It’s amazing how many wars and how much intrigue revolved around the spice trade. I suspect that most of us have a spice rack on their kitchen wall over which people would fight to get it. The petroleum of the 16th and 17th centuries.

[@fortusvictus8297]

Far more blood was shed over the spice/oriental trade than has ever been shed for oil. Including in WW2 campaigns to seize oil fields, it's just not even close.

[@Janika-xj2bv]

Not only were the Portuguese keen on getting their hands on the spice trade, King Manuel I saw himself as a crusader king, fighting the Infidels from a southern, Asian front. The Fall of Constantinople had taken place a mere 50 years prior, it had caused lasting shock and horror.

[@masterskrain2630]

Lance... @ 12: 27...BATTEL????

[@michaelowen1750]

And I met a man from Goa, his name- Andrew Fernandes... His family is of Portuguese decent.

[@sammitkhandeparkara]

🙃

[@goodun2974]

Goa is a popular vacation destination, and has a reputation of being kind of like the Las Vegas of India, where "whatever happens in Goa stays in Goa".

[@cbalducc]

That’s quite common among Catholic Indians of Goan ancestry.

[@jeanlundi2141]

Portugal's prime minister himself, Antonio Costa, is of goan ancestry.

[@peterjensen6844]

The spice must flow!

[@CJ-Foygelo]

Suggestion for a topic, the war between the Harkonnen and the Atreidies families and the History of Spice

[@thatcatholicsaintsguy609]

Can you please do an episode on the Battle of Lepanto (1571). It was similarly important and monumental.

[@hussainashraf5179]

ottomans defated spainish navy in 1574 conquest of tunis by ottomans

[@ruisilva2623]

There was a time where the world had great warriors and empires until the Portuguese arrived...

[@shawnr771]

Thank you for the lesson.

[@BasicDrumming]

Great video.

[@cbalducc]

There was already a Christian community on the Indian subcontinent prior to the Portuguese. They are known as the Saint Thomas Christians.

[@SSRT_JubyDuby8742]

Very enjoyable Like deployed 👍

[@jeffreyharrison4111]

I had never heard of this battle. Thanx for enlightening me.

[@12yearssober]

I would love to see a video about the opium wars. Britain actually went to war with China to force them to continue to allow opium use and production because it was so profitable for Britain.

[@barriemilgate]

The US joined in the party to, lot's of old money involved as well.

[@blackcountryme]

We learned that in school, I was aged about 8, in the 80's in the UK.

[@12yearssober]

@@barriemilgate Absolutely true!!!!

[@paulwoida8249]

The Opium Wars should have taught people, especially politicians, that legalizing drugs which are used to just get "high" is a bad thing. While the taxes on them can be substantial, getting the population addicted isn't worth the problems that result. Legalizing marijuana drove American growers to cross-breed it to be stronger. This meant that no one wanted Mexican pot, so the Mexican drug cartels switched to importing stronger drugs. And now we have to deal with a much more serious drug problem.

[@greggweber9967]

I understand that the Chinese sold tea to England for British paper money and thus threatening bankruptcy if they demanded gold for the paper notes. Something had to be found that the Chinese would have to buy to get the paper money back to England but China didn't "need" anything foreign made. Thus make them need Opium. Too bad trading wasn't two ways or something else could be found that the Chinese couldn't copy and underprice everyone else.

[@EmpyreanFrost]

...The spice must flow.

[@ranekeisenkralle8265]

my thoughts exactly after reading that title.

[@EmpyreanFrost]

@@ranekeisenkralle8265 Ditto. Literally the 1st thing I thought of when I saw it.

[@madureirajustiniano7766]

Um antepassado meu participou como piloto de um dos navios Portugueses 💪🏻🙋🏻‍♂️

[@yehyabadr2488]

another result of this battle is the steady decline of the Mamuluk Sultante which paved the way for the Ottomans to take control of Egypt and the Levant, and latter on becoming involved in Ethiopia and India

[@np81la]

The good old times.

[@Visigothicwarrior]

"If God speaks Portuguese, I do not know. But these cannons do... Tonight I light a city for you my son!" - Almeida

[@steveshoemaker6347]

Thank THG🎀 Shoe🇺🇸

[@glenmartin2437]

Thank you. I never heard of this battle before.

[@mattgeorge90]

Excellent episode!

[@donnyboon2896]

I'd like to see Prestley O'Bannon and the Marines being presented the Mamaluke Sword. Semper Fidelis! 🦅🌎⚓

[@lynnwood7205]

I never knew of this. Thank you.

[@MrSGL21]

He who controls the pumpkin spice controls the white women.

[@TimothyThompson-t9h]

Gilberto Green

[@merlinwizard1000]

40th, 10 October 2022

[@stanash479]

What?? Sailing ships, but no pirates?

[@kevinkelleher8708]

@stan ash, he did say "arab traders" same same.

[@goodun2974]

"Mon Diu!" "No, Mon Diu"!!! And battle commences.... 😖

[@casparcoaster1936]

Hadta watch this several times to get what happened, but, did it, and was worth every minute, many thanks!!!

[@user-oz7ht3go3q]

You should proud of your history because it is page of book of victories.

[@shelbybrown8312]

All the best stories really do involve pirates

[@transvestosaurus878]

Game stay the game, yo

[@aivarastrofimovas6084]

You literally read or listened to a book called: Conquerors: How Portugal Forged the First Global Empire by Roger Crowley. Then just copy-paste and wrote an essay. Good on ya but maybe, include source materials. So that everyone interested in the subject, could actually get the full story and support the author.

[@kathrynlarkins8665]

Hall Cynthia Harris Gary Perez Melissa

[@MarkHernandez-e4b]

Halvorson Plains

[@wendychavez5348]

You know I always dig hearing about ell Duc de Alburquerque! I hadn't realized that he, too had ties to Portugal.

[@TimSerras]

Undoubtably the most important sea battle of the Indian Ocean, for it gave the Europeans total control of that ocean and ended Muslim rule there. Portugal although underpopulated and small (less then a million lived there), through military discipline, religious fanatism, immense courage and blind chivalary ( fidalgos believed honour was only achieved by killing infidels) managed to bring the Muslim sea enterprise to its knees, robbed Venice of its monopoly and showed the Ottoman empire that Portugal was the new far-east master.

[@interwebtubes]

Yeah, since you brought up the Portuguese , Can you please do a piece on, or about the Portuguese man of war jellyfish ??, And how it got it’s name and all of the things associated with it ??, I’ve seen one of those things in the ocean before, And I was told to stay away, This was back when I was a little kid. Those things have always fascinated me , So can you please do a video piece about those things??, Inquiring minds want to know??, Stay safe everyone and please remember to keep your hands clean and washed up at all times

[@goodun2974]

I've never seen a Man of War jellyfish in the flesh (alhough purportedly they occasionally drifted into the Long Island sound waters near where I grew up) but I seemed to remember reading that the tentacles can be 20 or 30' long. As kids we once made the mistake of swimming and body surfing during a mild tropical storm without wearing wet suits, in August when the water was warmest and there were lots of footwide jellyfish around, whose tentacles were broken free by the storm and floating loose in the water; we got stung from head to toe. Unpleasant and painful, but it wasn't life threatening; we actually rubbed a paste made with Adolph's Meat Tenderizer on ourselves to neutralize the pain of the stings (it contains an enzyme that would help deactivate the toxin). However, the Box jellyfish found off the Australian coast is likely far worse because they're so tiny that you barely even see them, and yet they not only cause horribly painful welts that will burn the skin like an acid and can scar you for life but the venom they inject can stop your heart (a jug of vinegar poured on the stings is the first step in beachside medical treatment). Oftentimes it's the smallest things that can kill you, like microbes and viruses, and mosquitoes, not the large ones. In Australia the most venomous snake overall is a very small reptile called the Fierce snake, which is shy and retiring and few people ever come in contact with one, but it has the most potent venom.

[@interwebtubes]

@@goodun2974 interesting stuffs, Stay safe buddy

[@KimberlyMoore-b2i]

Turcotte Spring

[@randelbrooks]

yay!

[@manuelguerraphotography7168]

Great video! but you butchered most of portuguese names, many of them actually easy to say for an English speaker

[@plasmaburndeath]

I am going to go out on a limb and say some of the images were generated by AI? "The Eyes, The eyes! the AI goggles they do nothing!" Oh and some of the hands were haunting as well ;-) heh.

[@TheHistoryGuyChannel]

I do use a program to sharpen images that are too pixelated, and that is likely what you are seeing.

[@plasmaburndeath]

@@TheHistoryGuyChannel No problem, hopefully you could tell I was lightly joking, and not serious =) Ty for all you and your team do for History and for us.

[@jayhuxley2559]

Portugal changed Asia for much, much richer Brazil!

[@J.A.Smith2397]

Gday

[@gagecarty4290]

Really history that was not very often mentioned

[@chrislettenmaier6822]

What about the pirates 😅😅