The Birth Of A Legend - The Battle of Saragarhi 1897

[@jamesmalcolm6976]

I will respect the Sikhs even more after learning about this. Proof that they live by honor, character, dignity and sacrifice.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@shanu7uday]

What all motivated those 21 Sikhs to fight 12k Muslims at Saragadhi? Was it only the English discipline? The British camaraderie? The Indian sense of duty ? Or was there something more to it .. .. .. Ever since The Indian Mughal (a Sunni Muslim) emperor Salim Jehangir (contemporary of King Charles I ) ordered execution of the 5th Sikh guru Arjun dev ji ; there have been innumerable battles fought between Sikh armies & Muslim armies. Salim’s grandson Aurangzeb ordered execution of 9th guru Teg bahadur ji. He also buried alive two pre-teen sons of the 10th guru Govind Singh ji. A Sikh soldier gets high pathologically when a battle against Muslim army is imminent.

[@houseofthewinter1427]

Well..read about battle of chamkaur. 40 sikhs won against 1900000 mughal and hindu army. And battle of amritsar.

[@jamesmalcolm6976]

@@houseofthewinter1427 will do, thanks for the info

[@jamesmalcolm6976]

@@houseofthewinter1427 wow, amazing,

[@davidcollins2648]

The 300 get all the glory while the 21 won all the honors. Amazing story and testament to the character of Sikh soldiers.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@chandramohansingh8822]

TRUE VERY TRUE

[@davidcollins2648]

@@chandramohansingh8822 The bravest of men are revealed in the gravest of circumstances. Their shining example of how to die teaches men how to live.

[@chandramohansingh8822]

@@davidcollins2648 read abt history of RAJPUTANA during Islamic invasion of INDIA.

[@gaswhole]

@@chandramohansingh8822 yes fascinating story of Akbars wife and Jehangir's mother was a beautiful RAJPUTANA princess!! And later Mughal emperors also had rajput mothers. Eventually they had mostly rajput blood.

[@MUSICWORLD-fc5tg]

Being a sikh i got tears in my eyes but most importantly your video inspired me to return to my roots and made me realise why we should stand against injustice and serve humanity which is basic of Sikhism

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to share your thoughts.

[@OtisAdonisChad]

Indeed. You should fight the Nixon Kissinger ISI fomented khalistani troubles started as revenge against India for liberating Bangladesh. The West is a messed up place in morality. They appropriate Sikhs while tearing apart Punjab during partition. That's Churchill, Atlee, Linlithgow and all these goras who pretend to be your friends. They looted and raped mother India.

[@unnikrishnannair5098]

Sikhs are this nations best soldiers, best farmers and best sportsmen. Silkhism was formed to fight injustice and inequality. Love to all my sikh brothers............ uk

[@manh9105]

@@unnikrishnannair5098 could you be more specific , details are lost in such generalities

[@richardcapello2684]

My name is Rick. From Texas...yes .we know about last stands here. That was one Hell of a fight those men put up. I'm a History teacher in Texas and I salute those men who fought for the British Army. Well done guys...may you rest in peace and in honor..

[@TheHistoryChap]

Nice comment Rick. Thanks for posting.

[@sorabdb9925]

The story did not end in 1897... Indian Army has many more stories of bravery ... Subedar Bana Singh is another living legend - recipient of the highest gallantry award of India - Param Vir Chakra - his unit captured an important peak in Siachen Glacier - called the third peak of the world and Indian Army maintains its posts through some of the harshest conditions on the planet ever since capturing the whole glacier in 1984...

[@richardcapello2684]

@@sorabdb9925 ....Cool...I'm also aware of the Indian Army fighting bravely in WW 2 in the Middle East and Asian Continent...well done fellas..!!!

[@afzaalkhan.m]

That was the royal indian army that was a valiant army that saved the British empire ​@richardcapello2684

[@0Zolrender0]

Never ever fuck with Sikhs. They are determined, bold and stubborn and they will fuck you up. As an Australian I have the pleasure of knowing a lot of Sikhs and they are all honourable people. Salute.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for posting.

[@onlygknows7793]

If they are honourable people why will they fuck you up. I know tons of sikhs and they wouldn't hurt a fly and they are some of the kinder people I have met. I see a light of Guru Nanak emanating from their very being.

[@slimshady2100]

@onlyknows if what the OP posted offends you you need to grow up. That was just being respectful toward the Sikhs. Read everything in context of all things said and don’t take a bit out of context to virtue signal.

[@0Zolrender0]

@@slimshady2100 Cheers Mate.

[@onlygknows7793]

@@slimshady2100 Being told to grow up at age I consider it a compliment. Context was that these fucking invaders were greatly out numbered if not for our own people lining up to join them and are still so proud to this day that they did. They witnessed and participated in mass murders of our own people and watched the plundering of our resources that literally turned the nation into beggars.

[@RT-ko5hl]

As a former British soldier this story (although heard before) nearly brought me to tears. I shall pay my respects to the Wednesfield statue when I’m next that way.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed. Thanks for watching.

[@shanu7uday]

What all motivated those 21 Sikhs to fight 12k Muslims at Saragadhi? Was it only the English discipline? The British camaraderie? The Indian sense of duty ? Or was there something more to it .. .. .. Ever since The Indian Mughal (a Sunni Muslim) emperor Salim Jehangir (contemporary of King Charles I ) ordered execution of the 5th Sikh guru Arjun dev ji ; there have been innumerable battles fought between Sikh armies & Muslim armies. Salim’s grandson Aurangzeb ordered execution of 9th guru Teg bahadur ji. He also buried alive two pre-teen sons of the 10th guru Govind Singh ji. A Sikh soldier gets high pathologically when a battle against Muslim army is imminent.

[@fabianores]

long live pathans ,,, long live afghans.. the graveyard of white empires(by the way it is true that sikhs are born to fight too)but who has invaded and ruled pathans for more than few years?????

[@Addy-745]

​@@fabianores it's sad that Sikhs because of how less they are in population and because they don't believe in pride and blowing their own trumpet the world doesn't know about hari Singh nalwa the only commander of Sikh regime who defeated the Afghans. Mam i suggest you read about it🙏🏼

[@jairaj3952]

THIS IS A FAKE ENCOUNTER DESIGNED BY BRITISH TO SHOW THAT SIKHS ARE BRAVE SO THEY ARE NOT HINDUS ... TO CREATE FALSE SENSE OF SEPARATE SIKH PRIDE , TO STOP INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE AND TO CREATE A SEPARATE SIKH KINGDOM FROM HINDU INDIA ... SO IDEA OF KHALISTAN IS CREATED BY BRITISH TO DIVIDE HINDUS

[@lyedavide]

Those men deserve to be remembered for their dedication, courage and sacrifice! An incredible tale of gallantry that should never be forgotten.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to share your thoughts.

[@riddunyra4373]

its fake dude

[@r.k3261]

​@@riddunyra4373what fake 😂😂😂😂

[@r.k3261]

​@@riddunyra4373are you andhbhakt from India 😂😂😂😂

Judging by the number of KZbin channels re-telling the tale, it will never be forgotten.

[@freesimba5168]

We’ll put together. Good work. The story of these 21 Sikhs is simply amazing. The more I have read about Sikh warriors the more I am impressed by the professionalism, bravery and steadfastness humanity & humility. When cornered by an overwhelmingly larger force, they have always pulled off an unbelievable miracle !!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed my video. Thanks for watching.

[@jairaj3952]

its a fake story to divide India further into khalistan a sikh nation ... divide hindu sikhs

[@adisura9904]

Indians have been fighting against invasions for 1300 years. For all the fun that is made of the Indians, our history is filled with valor and bravery. Thank you for covering this.

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanks for watching.

[@adisura9904]

@Chacha Ji haha sure buddy. Go bother someone else. Whoever gives you footage that is

[@adisura9904]

@@TheHistoryChap it was a well made video would love to see more. Specially from the Indian context.b

[@rudrakshsinghkatal5609]

@Chacha Ji lol OK 😂 , siks who have existed for only 400 years get all the share of 5,000 yrs old Indian history

[@abrakidabra]

@@rudrakshsinghkatal5609 ha ha. True

[@Thepourdeuxchanson]

Thank you for this! My old Dad knew several Sikhs and a few Gurkhas. He always said as far as sheer courage and tenacity were concerned, he could never pick between them.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for sharing your dad's experiences.

[@harmanbangar9996]

Yet sikhs have defeated Gurkhas on their home ground too. Learn about General zorawar singh and the respect he have among Gurkhas

[@yetigumba]

@@harmanbangar9996 according to the history of Uttarakhand, it was a war between ranjit singh's full might and a gurkha commander with 2000 soliders, many of them local recruits stationed 1500 km from homeland and on his own due to palace politics. Ranjit singh brought in 20.000 of his newly trained soldiers with artillery and himself coming to war against a commander. so those 1500-2000 gorkhas were sent back to east of sutlej after 4 years of camping. Ranjit singh actually was so impressed by gorkha fighters that he requested many of the injured soldiers to join hisinfnatry. these were the first gorkhas recruits who later fought till the anglo sikh war. they mainly distinguished themselves in afghan campaigns and kashmir. they were also used to quell the akali disturbance regarding modern uniforms. you cant compare gorkhas to other indians in terms of ferocity, they are different class. that why world give so much respect everywhere.

[@grahamtaylor6883]

I'd never know about these kind of battles if it wasn't for you. We're all going to die, but these guys are now going to live on forever. Astounding.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Great words. Thanks for sharing.

[@edmundoferreira-rocha7400]

There is good (non-bhollyood) film about it.

[@jhnshep]

I love this channel but if you like check out mark felton, he has loads of 'little stories' that you wouldnt hear elsewhere

[@grahamtaylor6883]

@@jhnshep I already do and I agree. Another great channel.

[@socratesrocks1513]

@@edmundoferreira-rocha7400 What's it called? I should like to watch it!

[@larrygarrett724]

I have a good friend from India since 1997. At his outdoor wedding several years later I was wearing a hat with the word Gurkha on it from a cigar company. I sat next to a turbaned Sikh. He noticed my hat and asked if I knew what the word meant. I answered it is the name of the fiercest and feared soldiers in history. He smiled and we drank another beer together.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Larry, thanks for sharing that great human story.

[@mmeettwwoo]

@@TheHistoryChap i would tell some another anecdote . After crimean war and charge of the light brigade and a big rout of british on battlefield of crimea ,some lord said this is worst defeat ever of all time for brits. And a general replied "this is nothing in comparison to battle of chillianwala of 1849." Sikhs routed british in that battle, and when time came for freeing POWs for both sides, sikhs sent british soldiers back with 2 bottles of brandy and 10 rupees each ( which was like a months salary in 1849). Brit PoWs told that they were given ample food and brandy whenever they needed on daily basis in prison. As sikhs respected their integrity and loyality,even if they were enemy soldiers. That i feel is very fine human emotion even though it was a fiercest battlefield.

[@SafavidAfsharid3197]

@@TheHistoryChap hey can you make a video on the two sieges of bharatpur?

[@Kreatorisbackyt]

@@SafavidAfsharid3197 yes Bhartpore seiges also turned out to be hard nut and pain in the butt for the company army

[@mohandhanoa4797]

There was a war between the Gurkhas and the Sikhs , The Gurkhas were defeated , theie westward expansion was stopped by the Sikhs in Kangra.

[@DeepS555]

This was not the first hugely outnumbered battle fought by the Sikhs. Their history is full of similar heroic battles where the enemy hugely outnumbered them. Thanks for sharing the deep insights of this epic immortal battle.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for sharing your thoughts.

[@socratesrocks1513]

An extraordinary story I did not know and now I'm in awe of these men. They deserve every respect. They did their country proud!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed.

[@myview5840]

We still thank them for their service with full honours

[@shanu7uday]

What all motivated those 21 Sikhs to fight 12k Muslims at Saragadhi? Was it only the English discipline? The British camaraderie? The Indian sense of duty ? Or was there something more to it .. .. .. Ever since The Indian Mughal (a Sunni Muslim) emperor Salim Jehangir (contemporary of King Charles I ) ordered execution of the 5th Sikh guru Arjun dev ji ; there have been innumerable battles fought between Sikh armies & Muslim armies. Salim’s grandson Aurangzeb ordered execution of 9th guru Teg bahadur ji. He also buried alive two pre-teen sons of the 10th guru Govind Singh ji. A Sikh soldier gets high pathologically when a battle against Muslim army is imminent.

[@subhrajyotighosh3857]

But they ,the Sikh heroes lost their lives for the interst of their imperialist foreign rulers the Britishers.

[@Flowshow88]

If they all died who kept a detailed account of what happened? You don't believe a guy from half a mile away with a telescope seen the battle from start to finish do you 🤔

[@scippio3]

when you told of the last remaining man asking permission to join the fight it really got me a bit of a lump in my throat ,knowing he was facing certain death he bravely stood his ground and such a young man too,Glorious tale of supreme bravery and devotion to duty

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for posting. Appreciate it.

[@freesimba5168]

I too had a lump in my throat. The man recorded the entire battle all day, and then went on to kill 20 enemy. Unbelievable !

[@MandeepSingh-y2p]

Hi

[@stuartbuxton4316]

Another cracking presentation Chris. I knew that sikh's were warriors and had served in ww1&2 but this is real valour! such a shame that UK schools do not teach such history of our superb commonwealth friends.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Great sentiments Stuart.

[@HafijurRahman-i7s]

Along with Sikhs, Muslims & Hindus participated in WW1 & WW11 too.

[@scarletskunkjob9842]

​@@HafijurRahman-i7s absolutely, in fact even ghandi was a highly decorated and heroic soldier. More of the history of the Commonwealth and the many heroic efforts and sacrifices of the everyday people across the empire should be taught in schools.

[@SNP-1999]

What an incredibly impressive story, albeit also terribly sad that none of those highly courageous Sikh soldiers of Queen Victoria survived the encounter. RIP Havildar Singh and subordinate Sikh soldiers.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed. Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@josephphoenix1376]

Excellent Episode...It seems that WAZIRISTAN Has always been a difficult area to pacify. Sadly the Afghan gov't and forces didn't show one tenth as much determination in 2021,s Taliban Takeover 😡

[@garybrockwell2031]

I've a tear for such duty, a story I didn't know 😥😱☠️🥺💪💯🇬🇧🙏thank you brother's in arm's 🗣️we should be standing up for THEM RIGHT NOW 🆘🇬🇧💯👁️💥👁️🤔🤫🗣️

[@abbasbeig3943]

Yes this is story of slaves of foreign invaders. This story of people who were loyal to invaders, against freedom fighters of Region ( Pashtun Afghanistan ).

[@sivaratnamasabaratnam8946]

SNP1999 The terribly sad thing is in return the ungrateful British gave Sikhs the Jalianwala Bagh treatment.Fight your own war! not another's.The Afridi Pakhtuns thrown their rifles when British officers commanded them to fight the Ottoman Turks in 1ww whom they considered as co religious brethren that something Sikhs and Hindus should learn instead of expecting praisal from the Gora sahebs

[@raghbirsinghdhindsa3164]

No one can be compared to these brave jawans in the world.Actually they fought according to the traditions of the Sikh community.they are alive as long as the humanity is

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for taking the time to comment.

[@Flowshow88]

There country isnt even a super power 😅

[@smitprmr]

What a brave soldiers! Imagine the level of mental pressure those 21 Sikhs must have faced before the battle. Looking at the huge Afridi horde, they must have confirmed that they will never see their families again. Salute to their valour and discipline. Thanks for narrating the incidence. 👌

[@TheHistoryChap]

Nice words.

[@muruganvenothkumarr9590]

Well presented.. But not enough.. Afridi are long lost isreali jkewish tribes (semitic /shem) while sikh hindu or muslim jat ,rajput (indian) are more fierce ferocious Ash Ken azi (japeth) linked tribes ... U know the world Is ruled ruthlessly by jkewish Ash Ken azi Only... Afridi cant defeat Ash Ken azi.... By the way i am tamil aborigines Of world.. The first Set of people In earth.. We are now In southern most india with lesser presence Only... NEw satya yuga Meena pisces period born.. This evel ashu kanu Zi WIll be routed fROM world rule...

[@smitprmr]

@@muruganvenothkumarr9590 Dear Sir, you need to get a life.

[@smitprmr]

@Student of Klaus Schwab There was nothing to do in Afghan. Back in the days and even today. The only thing Afghanis (pathan) are good at is they dont beg for dime. They have self respect. Pashtuns in KPK are beggar just like their punjabi masters

[@normtrooper4392]

you did this story great justice. thank you. It's extremely rare to get such a detailed breakdown of a battle from so long ago

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it.

[@simplyphil.photography164]

Well delivered, a last stand until the last man, knowing their fate before hand, words cannot discribe there actions

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you. My hero is the signaller.

[@simongardiner949]

My paternal grandfather was awarded the 2nd Indian General Service medal with 2 clasps 'Punjab 1898' and 'Tirah 1898' (Tirah was called "the cradle of the mad mullahs".) The Sikhs were not just soldiers - THEY WERE A WARRIOR CASTE, like the Ghurkhas! Lots of stirring tales of soldiery among these great men - our firmest allies. Thank you we need to hear something POSITIVE from the 19th century!

[@freesimba5168]

Sorry to correct Simon, Sikhs are a religion not a caste :).

[@simongardiner949]

@@freesimba5168 Sorry but I was referring to the SOLDIERS of the Sikhs and Gurkhas - these WERE a warrior caste into which you had to be BORN.

[@humanbeing8252]

​@@simongardiner949 sikh include people from all casts...most of them were low cast shudra jatts..but equality and discipline made them great..as a result the higher caste brahman and khatri are now treated as lower cast in punjab... everything change with time..

[@Sunstar24]

@@freesimba5168 NOT RELIGION. ITS A CULT BRANCH OF HINDUISM. BUT SOME SAY ITS A RELIGION DUE TO POLITICS.

[@SodiumSyndicate]

@@freesimba5168 Sikhism is the militant branch of Hinduism in Punjab. Sikhs were formed when Hindu families donated their eldest born sons to join the Sikhi rebel movement by the first Guru to fight Islam.

[@billballbuster7186]

The Sikhs were bad-ass, some of the very best soldiers in the British-Indian army. Great story thank you.

[@TheHistoryChap]

The statue in Wednesfield is really impressive too. Local community should be very proud of raising the funds for it.

[@thandaproperties]

They never fear of war brave and strong humans

[@wombatwilly1002]

They were like the French and Italians, couldn't whip butter

[@wayneabel5421]

@@wombatwilly1002 they can't the only reasonable French asset is the "foreign legion"...says it all really

[@joebombero1]

They seem genetically designed for warfare

[@ljdasilva3139]

A little known conversation between Havildar Ishar Singh, and one of his soldiers went thus "Sir, this is not a fair fight. There are 21 of us and ten thousand Afghans." Singh stroked his beard and nodded. " You are right ... but we don't have time to wait for them to bring up more men." - It's a cruel world.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Ha ha. Thanks for posting.

[@RussellBond-b3z]

I remember reading this story the first time, I was in my early teens it must have been about 63-64 in read or listened to several accounts of this battle and it's always impressed me with the shear will of these valiant men . It's no wonder that the whole world respected and feared these soldiers.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment

[@johnday6392]

I'm 78 years of age. When i was i little boy in the 40s and 50s of the last century, l knew my Great Grandfather who was born in 1867 and was in the Indian army. something he said to me about his time in India always stuck in my mind. He said the Sikhs were some of the finest, bravest men he'd ever met, Hindu people were also OK. Muslims, or as he called them Mohamadens, he wouldn't trust as far as (in his words) he could throw a bloody carthorse.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for taking the time to comment and share your great grandfather's experiences.

[@AmeSo85]

How true even now!!

[@sjnsjn9663]

Sir,the Observation of your great grandfather was absolutely correct.

[@snehpal5185]

Hindu Rajputs and Marathas are great warriors.

[@riteshr.k.fatnfine3004]

Dear sir. The Sikhs or Shishyas were chosen by the Guruji from amongst various sects of Hindus to form a warrior sect for the protection of the masses. Implying that Sikhs and Hindus belong to different religions was yet another masterstroke of the genius/ devious social engineers of the time.

[@AndrewCastlemaine]

The courage and tenacity of the Sikh warrior knows no bounds

[@TheHistoryChap]

Indeed. Thanks for watching.

[@gurindersingh8109]

In June 1984 approx 150 Sikhs defended another military attack by British Russia & Hindu military of India. Gen Vaidya and Indira Gandhi both led the Hindu military attack were brought to justice swiftly too.

[@navisingh3674]

@@gurindersingh8109 The British provided intelligence and advice that Indra ignored. They told her to go in and out quickly to avoid a problem, but she didn’t listen

[@shanu7uday]

@@gurindersingh8109 that was also avenged pretty well by farm law dharna of one year in dilli & Nissan sahib flown on lal qilla . Hai na ?😅

[@mattjones1578]

puls aagayi. chamcha like this brits ruled india, bhindi hide in temple and killing innocent people, he killed 70 year true sikh because he oppose guns in temple

[@charlesbleile5282]

This battle calls to mind the poetic words of Thomas Babbington McCauley's Horatius at the Bridge. "...how can many die better than by facing fearful odds, for the ashes of his fathers and the temples of his gods."

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for sharing

[@joeritchie4554]

Thank you for sharing this history with us. I had never heard of this battle. It is most certainly an inspiring story. The dedication to professionalism, courage, and military discipline in the face of overwhelming odds is inspiring.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for watching and commenting too.

[@vineetsadhoo1]

Watch movie kesari which is based on this battle

[@joeritchie4554]

@@vineetsadhoo1 I will have to do that

[@shanu7uday]

What all motivated those 21 Sikhs to fight 12k Muslims at Saragadhi? Was it only the English discipline? The British camaraderie? The Indian sense of duty ? Or was there something more to it .. .. .. Ever since The Indian Mughal (a Sunni Muslim) emperor Salim Jehangir (contemporary of King Charles I ) ordered execution of the 5th Sikh guru Arjun dev ji ; there have been innumerable battles fought between Sikh armies & Muslim armies. Salim’s grandson Aurangzeb ordered execution of 9th guru Teg bahadur ji. He also buried alive two pre-teen sons of the 10th guru Govind Singh ji. A Sikh soldier gets high pathologically when a battle against Muslim army is imminent.

[@auldflyer]

Again, another brilliant presentation, this should be shown in all UK schools not only as a lesson in history but also of bravery, loyalty, self sacrifice and above all honour.......................................

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@surjitpuri4839]

This story of Bate of Saragarhi is taught all over the world's Military schools, except in India,due to coward Hindu policies

[@stonefree67]

So glad i saved this video for a later watch,that was to be this Sunday evening. Even as a Swede i feel proud of these men and their amazing moral and sense of duty and to Mr Green a big thanks! Again!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for your kind words.

[@sg_hokkien_opera]

Today in 2023, any force that’s outnumbered multiple times, aren’t gonna hang around to fight to the death. I honestly can’t imagine the scale of the bravery of the small band of Sikh warriors who decided to make a stand against the hordes of Afghans. Respect 💪👏✊👍

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@tomsenior7405]

A truly incredible story. I remember studying this Battle at Sandhurst. Thank you for giving this inspiring story to a wider audience.

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure, Tom. Glad you enjoyed it. Have a great weekend.

[@songli5121]

rifles against knives? it`s what you are proud of?

[@tomsenior7405]

@@songli5121 I never said I am proud of this event.

[@songli5121]

@@tomsenior7405 you should be shame for your having done in the world as a demon! where is God...

[@navisingh3674]

@@songli5121 The afghans had guns goofy

[@joeadams1225]

Thank you very much for this "Spotlight" on this particular account of duty ,courage and fatalism. I saw an account of a sergeant telling his boys " Sharpen up lads, do you want to live forever ? Don't be scared, be angry !" I worked for many Seargents during my service Best job I ever had. This event was unknown to me, thank you again.

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanks for sharing your own experiences.

[@sa25-svredemption98]

One of the most underrated forces, the British Indian Army. Especially the Sikhs and Gurkhas. Sadly forgotten by most of the world. But a quick visit to any Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery throughout much of the world demonstrates the bravery and sacrifice of Indian soldiers, sailors and airmen for the Empire. It's great to see they are starting to be commemorated finally in India, although it seems Bangladesh and Pakistan are not keen to commemorate bravery by their own people (yet). It is even better that much of the rest of the world (especially throughout the Commonwealth of Nations) is starting to acknowledge the impact and heroism of the forces of British India.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Great sentiments. Also important that these soldiers of Britain are remembered in UK too. That's why I admire the statue in Wednesfield.

[@DarrenMarsh-kx8hd]

Undoubtedly brave, these men deserve more recognition.

[@TheHistoryChap]

The statue is impressive

[@morgan97475]

How did those 21 Sikhs move around that outpost with such huge balls? I just learned of your channel & was happy to discover that you made a video about this battle. Incredible fight!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you very much for finding my channel. And I’m glad you enjoyed this particular video. Please subscribe so you don’t miss future ones

[@manohara.c.r4372]

The 21 brave hearts Sikhs should be given a great salute by India for their bravery and sacrifice. The Sikhs regiment is one of India's strong regiments. I salute you oh great 21 souls. Jai Hind Jai Barath.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for watching

[@MandeepSingh-bv2zw]

Jai Hind !

[@virupakshawalla5734]

Think the British should be making the statue.

[@pankajjoshi1209]

Not so fast my friend.. True the Sikh regiment is the oldest.. It's also true that if not for the Sikh regiment's induction against the freedom fighters of 1857, the British would have long been ousted from India..

[@terryt643]

Any man that can stand and fight knowing that they are more than likely going to die derserves upmost respect and more.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@cherylgreen7092]

The battle of saragarhi is one of the most special amazing things I have ever learnt about x Singh is king forever love from England ❤

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment

[@kenattwood8060]

As a former soldier myself, I would like to thank you for producing this video... I would have been proud to serve alongside these men! Although I knew of this heroic battle, I was unaware of many of the details that you revealed in your first rate video. Once again, thank you for posting their story.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Ken, thank you for your kind words and also for watching the video in the first place.

[@kimbonzky]

A story not told often enough in history books, thank you.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it.

[@ramanparashar1]

In 300 BC, ravaging army of Alexander was repulsed by the same people who are native to North-western India (Punjab). I have seen Sikh soldiers in Delhi, India, and believe me they are one of the sturdiest well-built men.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for sharing.

[@sgkookaburra300]

I still remember the letter written by British soldiers to London, which said, 'Sikhs were amongst the most formidable opponents the British ever faced in India. Sikhs kept on fighting until their last breath, even after being hit and heavily injured.' The East India Company defeated the Marathas very easily; it was a cakewalk for them. However, Sikhs were the only community who resisted the British in the Battle of Ramnagar and the Battle of Chillianwala. They had a hard time fighting the Sikhs. If you go through the sikh history they have a prolific experience fighting a battle in they were outnumbered one such battle was battle of Chamkaur where 40 sikhs fought 10 lakh troops of the Mughals. My personal encounters with Sikhs have always been pleasurable. They are polite and humble. Sikhism believes in serving humanity, doing good deeds, and helping others.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for taking the time to share your insights into Sikh and British history.

[@philipbyfield8814]

Great story..your rendition of these amazing men ...was told with admiration..Brave men indeed..a story that needed to be told

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@Orphen42O]

@@TheHistoryChap I am amazed this story has not been turned into a movie the way other last stand stories have been turned into movies.

[@bullettube9863]

I saw a movie about this action here on You Tube, it has English subtitles and is very dramatic and colorful. The Sikh were very good soldiers and took pride in their appearance and discipline plus their battle record is absolutely blemish free. England had to be lucky to have such soldiers on their side, as nothing else they did deserved this kind of loyalty in India.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment and share your impressions from the film.

[@snowflakemelter1172]

You don even know the difference between Great Britain and England, your version of history is junk.

[@harrysingh8126]

In india Sikhs face 1984 roits. Attack on Golden tampel killed lots of innocent Sikhs .....

[@Fatherofheroesandheroines]

I'm beginning to think Churchill just looked around and said, "Oh there's a war over there? I'm in!" What brave men these were. As a retired Soldier myself, I respect their heroism.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Matthew, thanks for taking the time to share your perspective on Churchill.

[@davidnemoseck9007]

Not the first time I've heard this story, and I was awed by it. Your telling of it manage to pull at my heart strings a little at the end. Good job retelling it.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for watching. I’m glad you enjoyed it.

[@simonyip5978]

I often think about how ruthless, brutal and hard fought battles that involved troops from the Imperial Japanese Army against Sikh and Gurkha Regiments during the Burma Campaign and maybe the Malayan & Singapore Campaign in the Second World War must have been. Soldiers who were renowned for their courage and toughness coming up against each other must have ended in ferocious fighting. I've read accounts from both sides, that fought in Kohima and Imphal, the heroism shown by both sides was astounding.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Think you are right. Unfortunately - as far as British folk are concerned - the war against Japan was always secondary to the war against Hitler. Consequently, so many of the actions in Burma etc. have been out of the spotlight.

[@simonyip5978]

@@TheHistoryChap yes, wasn't the 14th Army known as the Forgotten Army by the men who were in it?

[@steve55sogood16]

Most think it was just the Americans that won the fight, in the East!

[@steve55sogood16]

@@simonyip5978 That's a fantastic story, though not as well known as it should be!

[@simonyip5978]

@@steve55sogood16 one thing that surprised me is that more Japanese troops died fighting against the Chinese between 1937 and 1945 than were killed in fighting with the US. The Japanese apparently always considered the China campaign their most important. Its not well known outside of China and Japan (just like the Germans always considered the Eastern Front to be their main campaign, the Japanese always considered the defeat of China and the subsequent occupation and economic exploitation of the vast resources and market of China to be the main front of their war effort.

[@wkdmrtease8141]

God bless the Sikh soldiers of Saragahi what brave men! Some of the best may they be remembered and honoured in eternity!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for watching and for taking the time to comment.

[@Cynicism101]

Always had a tremendous respect of Sikhs, their generosity as a faith and their ferocity and dedication as soldiers.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for sharing your thoughts.

[@Jon.A.Scholt]

Great video as always. I heard someone mention this story a few years ago; glad it got the History Chap treatment!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for watching and for your kind comment.

[@alejandrokedeni222]

The Sikh are the most fearsome warriors but the most friendliest people when you know them.

[@TheHistoryChap]

I have met many over the years and agree with you.

[@grzzz2287]

Superb presentation Chris. Talk about against all odds, yet these very brave soldiers chose to remain at their posts until the last man and bullet. Very moving.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you. I'm glad that you enjoyed it. Wishing you a great weekend.

[@alisonhilll4317]

The British ended slavery, we have never seen colour in the army , there is just one colour in the army and that's green .

[@vijayravi56]

@@alisonhilll4317 Colonial lies. Indians were treated like cannon fodder by the imperial army. The limeys just didn’t expect Indians to surmount so many odds whilst performing their dharma (duty). There are innumerable such tales of valour by Indians during the world war which were never reported. If India had not become independent these would have been conveniently “forgotten” and the propaganda machine would have churned out some trope like “where is the proof”. You think the colonel would have reacted so “rationally” if it had been 21 Englishmen? Would they have been a “distraction” for the other forts?

[@freesimba5168]

Agree Alison. Brave warriors don’t win by bravery alone. They win by having each other’s back regardless of their colour, fighting like brothers. Otherwise they can’t stand together.

[@freesimba5168]

This is real story. The entire British Parliament stood in respect for these men. There is no racism involved here. The mutual respect that British & Sikh armies have had for each other is well understood. Brave warrior races are quite capable of standing in respect for each other. British have often accepted that they lost to Sikhs at the Chillianwala battle. British have never shied sea from accepting that historical fact.

[@darrenmarsh8830]

Amazing colonial wartime story, this deserves a big budget movie. I'm not ar all surprised that Parliament stood for these brave Sikhs, they were part of the Empire and died bravely, doing thier duty.....and beyond.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Darren, I'm glad you enjoyed. Thanks for watching.

[@death_parade]

There is already a Bollywood movie named Kesari based on this event.

[@darrenmarsh8830]

@@death_parade ,yes,that was mentioned in the video...although I would prefer a non Bollywood film, all of that singing and dancing isn't really my thing.

[@death_parade]

@@darrenmarsh8830 Coincidentally, my favourite Bollywood movies of all time is one rare Bollywood movie that doesn't have a single song and dance number in it. Its built in total documentary style that I love. And its very well researched: _Sardar Udham_ . Its probably the only Bollywood film to make me cry. I wish that Battle of Saragarhi would have got a similar movie. :(

[@darrenmarsh8830]

@@death_parade I'll find time to look that up.

[@jds6206]

Like the Sikh sergeant, when on active duty in the US Marine Corps, some thirty years ago, there were, commonly, Marines who were 'troublesome' in garrison, but who were exactly the Marine any unit wanted when they went to the field. Superb field Marines; superb combat Marines are, sometimes, 'restless' in garrison. I learned to manage their restlessness in garrison, only to see them excel and shine when we were in the field.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for sharing your experiences and perspective.

[@gaswhole]

@@TheHistoryChap What is the source of your description of Hav. Ishwar Singh's character. Ive been looking for sources and this would be very helpful. Ok got it. James Lunt's account.

[@freesimba5168]

I think Marine Corps is the kind of force these folks would fit in well and do proud.

[@GuliBoy-w3n]

Sing is king

[@robertdroza.]

The legendary courage and valour of the valiant Sikhs! What an amazing story of such courageous men!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed

[@rajindersingh8014]

Coming from a Sikh defence services family.. Appreciate your content. Thanks

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed. Thanks for watching.

[@robg5958]

Great video Chris, hard to imagine such dedication to duty. Thank you for sharing this story

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. I'm glad that you enjoyed it. Thanks for your support.

[@mickeyp5122]

Thanks for the video Chris.. I hadn't heard of the battle of Saragarhi until today. What brave men they were! Have a great weekend.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it and thank you for your kind comments. Wishing you a great weekend too.

[@TheSeedpearl]

A very well known battle in the annals of Sikh history. I was born in the same district in the Punjab, where many of these brave men of The battle of Saragarhi came from.

[@marla350]

Thank you for all the efforts made by you. Because of people like you today rest of the world reading our progenitors valour and sacrifice. Jo bole sonihal sath sri akal.

[@TheHistoryChap]

I'm glad you enjoyed my story. Brave men need to be remembered.

[@anselmdanker9519]

Thank you for telling this tale of Sikh Valor. The 36th Sikhs were equipped with the single shot Martini Henry rifle , same weapon used at Rorkes Drift. The British troops were equipped with the Lee Metford magazine rifle. Looking forward for the Indian mutiny tales! And possibly the last stand of the Guides at Kabul .😃 Indian soldiers became eligible for the Victoria Cross only in WW 1.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Anselm, thanks for taking the time to comment. Yes, you are correct about VC only becoming eligable around WW1.

[@benjamin112]

It's great to hear about these smaller/ lesser known battles, thanks

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanks for watching.

[@drap3872]

Vivid & clear narrative. Thanks for the video Deepest respects to those sikh soldiers of my country for their valour, dignity & self esteem.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment

[@briandubois-gilbert8182]

The Punjab region of northwestern India has a long history of being an invasion route into India. As such, its different tribes have developed a warrior culture. It’s likely that ancestors of the Sikhs and the Rajputs fought fiercely against Alexander the Great under King Porus who ruled the region at the Battle of Hydaspes. Although the Macedonians won that hard fought battle, the tenacity and bravery of those Indians dissuaded Alexander and his army to any further incursion into India. After the British eventually defeated the Sikhs in the mid-1800s, they and other Punjabis were recruited into the British army like the Gurkhas of Nepal.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment and share your knowledge. I hope others, like me, learn something new.

[@johnbeardshall2898]

Actually the land is mountainous with impassable jungles they would have lost more men to disease then battle so it made more sense to set up trade

[@aniketdas3182]

Ur knowledge abt India is impressive. Just to add that Northern India is littered with martial factions and tribes apart frm the Sikhs or Rajputs. The Jatts, Dogras, Kumayonis, Garhwalis are sm of them.

[@pavitmalhi]

I am from porus malhi clan who faught and killed alexander

[@keeshans5768]

@@pavitmalhi killed? Lmao what?

[@Sunstar24]

VERY NICELY EXPLAINED. EVERY TIME TEARS ROLL. WHAT A DISCIPLINE. DISMOUNT AND JOIN THE FIGHT

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed my telling of this story.

[@Matelot123]

What a gripping story. Thoroughly enjoyed this video. thank you so much for making it.

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanks for watching.

[@mr.s2005]

may real warriors like these never be forgotten.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you.

[@MikeDarr61]

I just recently came across your channel and enjoy every wonderful story. I’ve always have been a student of British military history. Watching your channel had enlightened me to this I was unaware of. It’s hard not to binge watch.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for your kind words. I'm glad that you are enjoying my videos.

[@shaungillingham4689]

Another very touching story of courage, even in the face of certain death. I travelled from Kabul to Peshawar ,down through the Khyber pass in 1976 & then as I dare say now,this is a very rugged, wild untamed countryside, little changed since the days you describe in your narrative. The locals still dress not terribly unlike your illustrations, a cruel people with no word in their language to describe, "fluffy". It really wasn't a very nice place,Jallabad . Then as I imagine now the rule of law quite was quite tenuous with weapons,drugs & hard currency being sold in the street like hot dog vendors, not somewhere you hang around. I also visited the Sikhs golden temple in India, a wonderful people, all very exciting for my young 22 year old self. I can imagine that surrender was never a option for those proud Sikh troops, pity they didn't have a larger force or/& artillery to support them, might have been a happier ending. There is a Sikhs Gurdwara, temple in my home town, at lunch time they offer food to all who approach their kitchen door & serve simple,but delicious Indian lentils & small chapatis, I had visited many times but not so much in recent years. Their history is very outstanding as is their religion & their ten guru's ,teachers,but as you say a subject for another day. Great video brought back a lot of good memories for me,thank you!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it. Thanks for watching and also for sharing your experiences.

[@Joy3269]

Thank You For This Wonderful Video. God Bless Heroes Like Issar Singh & the Other 21 Heroes who fought & Died For Their Principle, Heroism,Patriotism & Duty.The Entire History, Entire Humanity & Entire World will Salute these Heroic, Precious Soldiers who Sacrificed their Lives For Their Country, Duty & Honor. We are proud of These Heroes. And we really appreciate your effort to Bring this Wonderful Precious Chapter of History in front of us. Very Nice Video, All should like & All Should Appreciate. Thank You.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed. Thanks for watching.

[@Joy3269]

@@TheHistoryChap Thank You also for such a Nice Video. May God Bless You. I have already Subscribed to Your Channel. You are Wonderful and Your Videos are Really Great. Thank You.

[@pindasingh1363]

Excellent this is what should be taught in history at school good work

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you.

[@Cloudberry46]

Excellent telling of an incredible story. Thoroughly enjoyed learning about these very courageous Sikh soldiers.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it. Thanks for watching.

[@Khalsafauj96]

Great video! Thanks for also giving context about the very much underrated Sikh Empire.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it. Thanks for you comment

[@1979berty]

These guys are legends. Sikhs=amazing warriors 💪

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed. Thanks for watching and for adding your comment.

[@rohitsinghchauhan9737]

I have read about saragarhi multiple times, narrated this to my friends as well, watched Kesari movie too, but your narration was something else

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you

[@harkamelrandhawa7125]

Great video. History could get lost easily without the hard work of those who record and make these great videos recalling events.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@k3lray841]

I watched a film made on this great battle, it made me almost drop to my knees, with the emotions & sentiments shown, by the soldiers. 21 men could have fled from the fort, but they stayed & battled. Thank you very much, for this video sir.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it, thanks for watching.

[@pj486]

Not aware of this very brave engagement \sacrifice....its good that you are taking your time to highlight these battles. Thank you

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Glad you enjoyed.

[@shankerganeshan5010]

Thank you for this gripping presentation, chris.very scholarly and riveting story splendidly told!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed my video.

[@neilpage901]

Wonderful, Chris. I knew nothing of this battle but thanks for keeping it alive!

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanks for commenting.

[@imamba1]

Apart from heroism and devotion to duty, these Sikh soldiers wouldn't have surrendered anyway because they would have been horribly tortured by the Pathans, pronounced P'tans. These tribesmen are not Afghan and were one of the toughest enemies the British British Army faced anywhere in the world. Many enlisted in the British Army and fought against the Japanese in WW11, My father, an Officer of the Gurkhas fought on that frontier before WW11 and had nothing but admiration for them. The Sikhs were always known as great fighters and loyal soldiers in India. Thank you for a great recap of their heroism.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you for watching and for taking the time to comment.

[@bmniac]

You are right As rule even prisoners of war were never treated well because that is perhaps the tradition.

[@garycornwell2431]

Great history lesson my friend always look forward to these lessons. GOD bless you.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thank you, Gary. Glad you enjoyed it. The real hero for me was the signaller.

[@nigelmansfield3011]

Thank you, I've known of this battle for years but never seen it explained so well.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you liked it. Thanks for watching.

[@JamesThomas-gg6il]

Definitely the best last stand in history. Ive always paralleled the packing of the heliograph as the same as a captain going down with the ship. The British certainly have some great fighting allies.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Indeed they do. Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@josephpercente8377]

Look up Cameron french foriegn legion Mexico 1864? They still commemorate it to this day.

[@JamesThomas-gg6il]

@@josephpercente8377 yes they do.

[@Bullet-Tooth-Tony-]

@@josephpercente8377 The odds faced here were worse than the 300, Alamo and Camerone combined, 21 against 10,000!!

[@josephpercente8377]

True but a bayonet charge of 5 against 2000 ain't bad either.

[@simonkevnorris]

I think I had heard this story before but it's always good to recall the story of their heroism.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed it.

[@geoffreyclarke9658]

Great example of bravery amongst comrades, wonderful narrative

[@TheHistoryChap]

Glad you enjoyed.

[@parasf2984]

What an act of bravery and defiance...The sikhs are truly the lions if Punjab alas apart from the betrayals of Lal singh and tej singh in the first Anglo-sikh wars

[@paulcrowley8587]

Heroism at its best. Times have changed, but this is empire heroism beyond the call of duty. We shall remember them.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Nice words. Thanks for sharing.

[@gurjeetsingh-gd1wr]

Thanks, from a punjabi here

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure.

[@thor1696]

Thanks for making a video about it incredibly well narrated 🖐🏻

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thank you for watching.

[@OscarGomez-hx8zc]

Chris thank you for teaching others what bravery looks like and how this soldiers gave it all for the greatness of the British empire!

[@melmoore6885]

Wonderful presentation Chris, the bravery and honor of these fabulous men is, both breathtaking and inspiring, god bless them all.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Nice words. Glad you enjoyed the story.

[@stigg333]

Great video Chris, didn't know about this battle thank you and what brave men these were.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for watching. Have a great weekend.

[@stigg333]

@@TheHistoryChap Thanks and you.

[@Bik998]

Just amazing. No words. Thanks for sharing ❤

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanks for watching.

[@jockster5525]

An astounding part of history..many thanks for your efforts ❤️

[@TheHistoryChap]

My pleasure. Thanmks for watching.

[@cameronbrown9080]

What great men it's a shame that they didn't survive the battle or any Victoria crosses could be awarded

[@TheHistoryChap]

VC was only awarded to native Indian troops after 1911.

[@naveengaur1204]

@@TheHistoryChap Please do a story on Darwan Singh Negi of the 39th Garhwal Rifles who was personally awarded the Victoria Cross by King during WW1 for heroism of the highest order in the defence of Festubert, France.

[@kakab66]

@@TheHistoryChap posthumously?

[@navisingh3674]

@@kakab66 They were given the Indian order of merit, the highest award they were allowed to receive

[@joebloggs4807]

As usual thoroughly well researched and narrated well done!!

[@TheHistoryChap]

Many thanks. Despite the time it takes, I thoroughly enjoy the research.

[@oldgitsknowstuff]

Joe Bloggs... are we related ? Respects.

[@joebloggs4807]

@@TheHistoryChap It definitely shows in the quality of your vlogs. May I venture to suggest you perhaps consider doing something on Colonel David Stirling and his colleague Paddy Maine? My grandad fought throughout the North African campaign and luckily eventually returned home to my Grandma otherwise I wouldn’t be here to tell the story. Anyhow keep up the good work Chris I look forward to your stories.

[@joebloggs4807]

@@oldgitsknowstuff Separated at birth maybe:-) it would seem we have similar historical interests. I personally think Chris does a great job in terms of the quality and presentation of his vlogs no politics which is quite refreshing. I wonder if we have an American cousin Joseph Bloxx perhaps.

[@oldgitsknowstuff]

@@joebloggs4807 Then it is clear irrefutable proof that we must be related. Chris makes fantastic presentations (I dislike calling them videos because that's 20 years ancient technology..history in fact). Yes, we'll presented which is the key and I assume...most accurate in content. Do you think his ears are burning 🔥

[@vineetsadhoo1]

This is the most brave and brutal fight ever held in the history of mankind , 21 against 10k

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to comment.

[@nathanappleby5342]

The fact 21 Indian soldiers killed and wounded hundreds of Afghans before being annihilated is one of the greatest feats in the history of arms, deserving of mention, and the rewards and monuments it got. Indians can truly fight just as well as Scots and Irish.

[@gumnut6922]

Do the Welsh and English not deserve a mention?

[@nathanappleby5342]

@@gumnut6922 It was the Indians who were slaughtered to the last man buying the reinforcements time to arrive. They did the most remarkable fighting and they numbered just 21, a lot less than the British and Welsh in the other forts.

[@gumnut6922]

@@nathanappleby5342 You missed the point here didnt you.

[@nathanappleby5342]

@@gumnut6922 Well, the fact that 450 men held up 10,000 Afghans is still amazing.

[@TheHistoryChap]

Thanks for taking the time to share that pewrspective.