The Deadliest Virus on Earth

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In the 1970s thousands of Chickenheads rained from the sky in Europe, making foxes and other wildlife confused and very happy. Why? They were filled with a vaccine to fight the deadliest virus known to humanity - since the 1930s a rabies epidemic had been sweeping across wildlife populations in Europe and humans wanted to finally get rid of the virus once and for all.
Rabies is named after Lyssa, the ancient Greek spirit of mad rage, and has been haunting us for at least 4000 years. It can turn animals into angry beasts and humans into zombies that fear water. But what makes Lyssa fascinating is not just how bizarre and deadly its infection is, but also how incredibly good it is at avoiding our defenses.
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[@kurzgesagt]

Go ‘beyond the nutshell’ at brilliant.org/nutshell by diving deeper into these topics and more with 20% off an annual subscription! This video was sponsored by Brilliant. Thanks a lot for the support!

[@SpaceWafflerYT]

I hate being first

[@dontgotomyaboutpage5166]

Hello

[@kaboomer]

Ok

[@zHydro12]

yes master

[@ItsGeorgia_]

Ok

[@tux75]

It has been suggested that the vampire myth originated from people infected with rabies. Since rabies causes light hypersensitivity, hydrophobia, aggression, and occasional biting, it fits the narrative of a typical vampire who goes out at night, is scared of holy water, and sometimes bites people. It’s interesting to think about anyway!

[@Balin_James]

That also explains why the myth of vampires includes creating other vampires through biting sometimes! That’s cool, I honestly never drew that connection

[@christiandaniellloyd]

I'm surprised that they didn't go into how serious the Hydrophobia is. It's so weird how it literally triggers intense dread and fear when exposed to water.

[@popcornandzerocoke5043]

man what about garlic

[@pandorasbox5608]

Could also fit with werewolves

[@lilistudios4769]

I always thought the same thing but with werewolves

[@joeg451]

Lyssa is basically running the optimal Pandemic/Plague Inc. strategy. Super stealthy until the target is fully infected, then rapidly turn extremely lethal

[@thedanksoul6558]

problem is if you see a human with full on rabies, you fear this and start quickly researching how to cure it, and since the actual infection to death time is long, with a cure this is easily taken care of

[@kyledonnington4957]

hella fax

[@mal2ksc]

That's certainly one way to evade the Madagascar/Greenland problem.

[@nclsb142]

The lethal skill does not seems a good one. How can a virus replicate if it kills its host. AIDS seems better to me.

[@phraker5709]

true but unlike in plague inc, rabies is incurable after symptoms show and also zoonotic making it extemely difficult to eradicate. also in plague inc u can trigger the mutation to become super lethal which affects every contagion immediately which is unrealistic

[@indie-rok]

Two months ago, I thought I was going to die from rabies. I was on vacation in Morocco and attempted to pet a dog on the beach. It bit me and ran off. "Oh, that guy is angry, lol." - I thought. I had never heard that rabies was fatal, so I just ignored the subject, returned to my home country, and resumed my normal life. Ten days later, I was on my way to work and began to feel an itchy sensation in the area of the bite, accompanied by a strange headache. I searched for my symptoms online and discovered that rabies could be the cause. I then researched rabies further and watched a video that explained everything. That marked the beginning of the worst ten days of my life. Then, I immediately sought medical assistance. I went to the ER and described my symptoms. The doctors were concerned, as rabies rates in Morocco are high. Unfortunately, the rabies vaccine was only available at one hospital in the entire city, so I had to wait an entire day to receive it. That night, I didn't sleep, work, or eat I went to get my vaccine, fully aware that if rabies was the cause of my symptoms, it might be too late. The doctor who administered the vaccine appeared worried as well, though she tried to hide it. I received two doses of the vaccine and immunoglobulin to boost my immune system. Now, it was a matter of waiting. Unfortunately, my symptoms worsened. I started to feel dizzy and very anxious, both symptoms of rabies. However, I also experienced panic attacks. So I wasn't sure if I had rabies or if I was just having a panic attack. I was terrified, so I created my will online. I recorded a video for my mom, my girlfriend, and my two best friends, explaining why I thought I was going to die and wish them the best. The next day, I developed a fever (which I later learned was also a side effect of the vaccine). I couldn't help but cry. I wasn't afraid of dying; I was afraid of dying from rabies. The following day, I visited a rabies specialist in my city and described my symptoms. He assured me, "You don't have rabies. Go home and live your life." Of course, there was no way to verify his claim. Apparently, there's no such thing as a reliable rabies test. You can receive false negatives until you are literally in the ER being resuscitated. Luckily, rabies kills quickly, so I just had to endure ten days of agony. If I wasn't dead in ten days, I would be rabies-free. That's exactly what happened. I received my additional doses and now I am fine. I wouldn't wish this experience on anyone. It's mentally and psychologically exhausting. Even now, watching videos related to rabies makes me feel uncomfortable. It took me weeks to return to a normal sleep schedule and social life. Please, if you get bitten, seek vaccination immediately.

[@tukangeksperimen7844]

so glad to know that you're okay now rabies recently blown up in my country, not much cases, just because one case, but its going viral on internet cause someone upload it on tiktok. and now im terrified as hell after searching more and more about rabies. the 100% death rate when the symptoms appear is trully terrifiying

[@DetectiveWraith]

@@tukangeksperimen7844 yeah. No way to know you have it until you’re already dead. If you’re scared though, you can get the vaccine before being bitten and you’ll be fine. Just ask your doctor.

[@creativecraving]

Thank you for sharing your story!

[@jorgemoralruiz3001]

Why would you go to Morocco

[@indie-rok]

Discovering a new culture it’s interesting for me

[@lizardjoe4224]

Man watching these videos makes me realize... im really taking my body for granted. I mean we all act like were alone and nothing cares about us but there is always little creatures in you literally killing themselves to keep you alive . Really makes you think

[@L1Run]

You are those creatures though ;)

[@theRPGmaster]

Not creatures, that's your body.

[@vlr7368]

They're not creatures, they are programmed to do that. If you feel alone, remember your instincts are your brain's certified way of protecting you, without the conscious you even realizing.

[@mikehall6608]

Stay off the drugs, lizard Joe.

[@Sophie-lw6dq]

Did u know, ive been infected by lyssa once when i was like 3 in china. Im happy im alive now thanks to these people that decide to spend decades just to save maybe just one person even. It’s truly an example that everybody counts! ❤❤❤

[@Narokkurai]

I remember reading that one of the most-affected parts of the brain by rabies is actually the amygdala, which controls a person's fear response. It essentially gets permanently switched on, so not only are you in agony as your brain expands and your muscles spasm uncontrollably, but you are trapped in a permanent state of terror where everything and everyone seems like a threat to you.

[@safirahmed2946]

This is actually probably what the series "all of us are dead" is based of, no joke, they bombed the entire city to stop the virus

[@prakhar9473]

That's the worst ways to go 😷😷

[@three33three33]

Oh man, I saw a video years ago when a young man that was infected with rabies acted violently so they tied him to his bed, but he struggled and escaped just to jump from the hospital's window. It's literally the most fked up way to go..

[@three33three33]

I found the video again, it's really bad. The title is "Rabies info campaign part 1.mpg" at 5:25 mark. It's in Filipino though but you can get the point..

[@pinkplayzgameyt9915]

Dang 666 Likes lol

[@proveritate1205]

When I was 19, an erratic bat that crashed with almost every object around entered in my house, and when I tried to grab the creature to throw it back outside, it bit me. My mother was highly concerned about what just happened, she seemed almost hysteric and I of course thought she was overreacting. She took me to a clinic that same night and made me take the anti-rabies vaccine, the first shot of many that I had to take in order complete the treatment. Reading afterwards about the awful and agonizing death that rabies patients suffer when they are left unattended, I am very grateful to my mother for her urgency and don't wanna think too much about what would have happened if she hadn't been around to act so quickly and decidedly. Most probably I would have forgotten about the bite the next day and would have died in the next few months. She saved my life.

[@LuigiCotocea]

You should have been worried, treat any bite as it can be infected with rabies!

[@adventureinlife7700]

I'm confused as to how its possible that you thought your mom was overreacting.

[@__Hanasei__Levinus__]

@@adventureinlife7700 it seems that this person associates careful but expressive people as overreactive / overdramatic lol

[@YayForHappiness]

@@adventureinlife7700 It seems like when they were bit they did not know of rabies or it being very serious which probably lead to them thinking that their Mom panicking so much was overreacting because, “it was just a bite” Uh, just realized I put hitch instead of which, oops.

[@Zak-tk8wv]

Your mother did the right thing

[@erwwin3181]

"Your immune cells will see these parts in the window and order the infected cell to kill itself" had me dying

[@navyntune8158]

*sees wrong component in cell window* ⚡⚡⚡👨🏿⚡⚡⚡

[@lewiskellett5654]

​@@navyntune8158you should apop now ⚡⚡⚡

[@ShadowkeeperTei]

Infected Cell: *shows virus* Immune Cell: "cringe kys"

[@your6322]

lowtierimmunesystem

[@JustANobody386]

That one was good I also loved the one about the uno reverse card😁😁

[@Lucasp110]

My cousin-in-law died from rabies. It was an horrible sight. He lived in a rural communitu far away from the Tropical Medicine Foundation, so it was too late for him to be vaccinated. He got there already symptomatic. Died furious and suffering, trying to bite my mother-in-law, afraid of water, foaming in the mouth.

[@Xandrous_Drumz]

That's more than trauma, rabies is so cruel.

[@breetopkuschi9657]

I’m so sorry you had to go through that. Feel free to ignore this, I’m just curious. I thought that the virus spreading through bites was just a clever way of using what most animals have as their natural mechanism of aggression to spread the disease. Humans don’t usually show aggression through biting. I thought that the ‘furious’ part of the virus was just general aggression/agitation of the victim. Is that not the case?

[@Awesum_Pawsum]

My Enemy died of rabies,I’m kinda happy about it he was my enemy, But I got horrified because he was trying to bite my best friend my best friend and my teacher-in-law

[@Teri_yak1i1i]

@@Awesum_Pawsum teacher- in law??

[@HienNguyen-cs1md]

@@breetopkuschi9657 during the final stages of rabies, your brain is so disoriented and confused that you basically "devolve" into a half-animal. It depends on the person

[@simeongeorgiev852]

Im a biologist and I’m always fascinated how you manage to explain complex mechanisms in an easily understandable manner. Great job once again!

[@reicoon4250]

I don't know if this is your field, but since you are a biologist, how accurate do you think their visualization of the dynein motor is? Just curious.

[@reina4969]

I wish they had shown us how the vaccine works....

[@AnkitTiwari-dw9er]

@@reina4969 Exactly! Also why do the rabies patients fear water so much!!

[@musical_lolu4811]

Physician here. Ditto.

[@ijustwanttomakemynamefilla5524]

@@reina4969 they have videos explaining how vaccines work, and since this is about the virus not vaccine im guessing why thats why they didnt go in depth

[@tosanesoko726]

I'm a doctor and I remember a case of a little girl who died of Rabies after being bitten by her pet dog while grooming it. It was so sad because we watched her die and couldn't do anything about it. The Lyssa virus is really deadly. Go to the hospital immediately after being bitten by any animal to get vaccinated against Rabies and tetanus.

[@drekson23]

Hi doc. Can I inject booster even if I hadnt bitten? You know it comes from the saliva and were not aware that saliva can go inside us. Why its aways have to be bitten since its the saliva that go inside us.

[@freyakatze3042]

@Yummy Spaghetti Noodles Mainly causing muscle cramps that will kill you at some point. When they Start effecting the muscels you need for breathing you suffocate.

[@Lord_Vertice]

Or get vaccinated preemptively like many people where I live. (Not sure about rabies, but tetanus is a standard vaccine and it might even be required but I'm not sure)

[@CosmicHarmony58]

Fake liberal bot...How much did they pay u?????

[@weltschmerzistofthaufig2440]

@@drekson23 Saliva is usually transmitted through bites, since saliva is created in the salivary glands located in the mouth. And yes, you can and should get inoculated against rabies, even if you haven't been bitten.

[@tutumannyAQUE]

You're tearing me apart Lyssa!

[@kamillepingol6067]

how could you break my quadcopter!?

[@ironclock]

Oh hi Mark

[@emmahammond9670]

I never had lyssa, but I did have encephalitis when I was young, my neurologist is pretty sure that's why I have brain damage now. I got it from a mosquito bite. Pretty scary stuff, I'm happy to be alive, but it definitely puts stuff in perspective and makes you realize how lucky we are to have access to medicine and hospitals

[@javieralejandrotrianapaz6343]

Malaria I guess

[@ieatmoney]

I'm sorry for you! But, it's a blessing that you lived

[@nylonyt228]

@@javieralejandrotrianapaz6343 or an encephalitis virus sadly

[@Kevin-um1nq]

Japanese encephalitis ​@@javieralejandrotrianapaz6343

[@Bleats_Sinodai]

Fun fact: opossums usually don't get rabies, because their body temperature is too low for the virus to survive in them. They're literally too cool for rabies!

[@user-eh2jk6mf9s]

And most die before the age of 2, so not much chance of getting it

[@Bleats_Sinodai]

@@user-eh2jk6mf9s they're too cute for this world, we couldn't handle having too many of them. We'd get nothing done! Just spend time petting and feeding them fruits and bug snacks

[@angelmainaccount2507]

@@Bleats_Sinodai skill issue

[@AthenaGate]

It literally said 50,000 people a year die from it, yet it is the most deadly virus?

[@Bleats_Sinodai]

@@angelmainaccount2507 I'm sorry?

[@wither5673]

i swear to god the microscopic world of the immune system is the most involved and elaborate RTS game in existence its actually insane.

[@survivalizer]

Fun fact, my group and I created an immune system RTS game in a college game dev class. It was awesome, albeit not perfectly scientific lol

[@PrizrakZamkov]

@@survivalizer wow, can I download this?

[@andthen_wewillbeok2861]

Id love to play it

[@musicexams5258]

@@survivalizer may I play it?

[@smasher_zed8888]

@@survivalizer what is it

[@justaalternatefane7392]

"Simple, Lyssa with its 5 proteins plays an UNO reverse card" Excuse me what the frick

[@Furukan455]

A cell: **got infected** Immune system: you should sacrifice yourself, NOW!

[@michaelguerra3365]

imagine if that's what adults did when we got sick... Welp, time to die

[@milkthrowerlame]

Honestly, I thought rabies was just "Woah-ho! that dog is foamin' from the mouth! Don't go near it, they're aggressive!" but this video has actually shown me what happens, and I'm so happy that these videos exist

[@inhumanthoughts3509]

@Mishan 🅥 you fool. I have witnessed the golden monkey

[@StoneBox_761a]

if a dog started running at me with foam from the mouth that dog is getting thrown to the highway!

[@javieralejandrotrianapaz6343]

Here come the beggars, but that aside, that's just one reason I prefer cats over dogs, even though I have scratches all over my body

[@zxcv97]

Also search for Prions

[@Arcterion]

@@javieralejandrotrianapaz6343 Cats can get rabies as well.

[@cgm395]

It's actually pretty scary how good nature can be at killing us. Gives us a good perspective of how fragile we are.

[@lamecgod]

True. A real Devil or God can eliminate us in a wipe.

[@subhojit2003]

@Mishan 🅥 ok I won't

[@cl0p38]

Everything in nature has had thousands to billions of years of preparation to get ready to kill its pray. Nature is metal!

[@PerdiccasMKD]

We are better in killing nature than nature is at killing us! We can destroy every living thing on this planet if we wanted to! But ofcourse that would also mean the end of us as well!

[@Shorthairidiot]

@Mishan 🅥 how about no

[@KubaSubaru]

Fun fact, Rabies in Polish is called "Wścieklizna" after "Wściekły" which means "Mad" or "Enraged" since the animals with rabies act mad and enraged.

[@Marqan]

You're tearing me apart, Lyssa!

[@julzmusic8708]

This deserves more likes… good work

[@TheJP100]

As someone who has been saved by the post-exposure vaccine for rabies, I can barely explain how thankful I am for this invention! It is really unpleasant, yes, but not getting that treatment after being bit by a rabid animal will result in one of the most horrible deaths known to mankind, therefore praise the science!

[@Thesamurai1999]

Yes, however not when it isn't throughoulgy thested and rushed out on the martket for a virus that has a death rate equal or lower than a regular flu. I'm talking about covid.

[@incognitoman3656]

Religious bots gonna swarm here

[@shukrantpatil]

Do you mind donating to the scientists who invented the vaccine ? I believe we must all be grateful of scientific inventions and do the least to boost its progress if science has saved your life even once . ( it has saved mine twice lol in fact my entire family would have been dead right now if it weren't for science )

[@katcentralyt]

@@incognitoman3656 lol

[@SymmetricalDocking]

@@incognitoman3656 As the video said. Praise the Science! Commit no blasphemous questioning! Amen!

[@yutahkotomi1195]

I knew of its fatality rate, but never knew rabies was this insidious with its process. Glad it isn't _very_ widespread.

[@kolerick]

it isn't, because of the anti rabies campaign back in the early 80's... mostly... leave it to antivaxers and in a few years, no more wildlife (because they would simply kill the "vectors") and millions of infected peoples, because fluffy simply can't be infected, they are protected by their owners prayers... right?

[@RogueAgentX]

I’m sure as governments work to weaponize it by making it airborne we can come back to this comment and reminisce

[@necroavirus]

Yes indeed. Because that crown belongs to ME!

[@RehanPlayzYT]

Don't jinx it lmao

[@vaibhavbv3409]

Has the world been bitten by faang companies

[@CosmicRetriever]

"Lyssa is a patient monster until it goes for your brain." Literally chilling to hear! So glad I was taught about rabies when I was a kid. Also, the only known human to human transmission of rabies has been through infected organ transplants.

[@kathrynck]

Bats actually very rarely carry rabies. They sleep in elevated places, and the undergrowth beneath is covered in guano, which has enough ammonia in it to drive most other things away. They're shockingly clean & tidy. BUT... bats are nocturnal, timid, and very reclusive. So if you actually meet a bat in daylight, and it actually bites you, you're dealing with a bat which is displaying very, very strange behavior for a bat. Thus there is valid concern. If you happen upon a place where bats sleep though, the odds that any of them have rabies is extraordinarily low. _Much_ lower than rabbits, squirrels, or racoons. They're not afraid of light. They're afraid of going out in the light and being eaten by things which use light to see them. Ideally, you _want_ lots of bats in your area. They devour bugs at a rate which would make a bug zapper jealous, poop super-concentrated fertilizer, and bend over backwards to stay out of the way. There are a few species which could be considered a pest. But the vast majority of species make ideal neighbors. Anyway, rabies is a terrifying virus. Be careful of any wild mammal which is acting strangely. And if you do get bit by a wild animal, go get the shots, immediately. If you want to roll the dice about whether the animal had rabies... by the time you actually feel symptoms, you're already past curing and will die, horrifically.

[@monticore1626]

Bats carry a laundry list of other awful diseases

[@kathrynck]

@@monticore1626 "can" carry. They generally "actually carry" less diseases than a typical rabbit or squirrel. There are a couple exceptions, species which prey on other mammals and may acquire disease through their food source. But typically, if you see a bat, one which is behaving normally for a bat, then it's likely safer to be around than anything you see in the park on a picnic.

[@g.4279]

That's not true, I just recently had a friend that had an animal encounter and the state dissect and tests animals for rabies. Bats are by far the highest carriers.

[@kathrynck]

@@g.4279 cdc dot gov slash rabies slash location slash usa slash surveilence slash wild_animals dot html Last I bothered to read about it was in the early 1990's. It would appear that bats have slowly up-trended since then. I wouldn't exactly call them "by far the highest carriers" though.

[@wolfamadeus6932]

@@kathrynck But they are, then raccoons, skunks, foxes, dogs etc.

[@ruralcapybara4189]

I'm a health inspector, and, in much of the United States, health inspectors are responsible for rabies management and tracking. In my state, rabies is still very much around and unfortunately a lot of people have to be vaccinated for it. Even more unfortunate, a full rabies treatment can cost anywhere from 5k to 10k+. It's disgraceful that a treatment, if you don't get you will 100% die, is so costly.

[@PlanetInline]

$450 for pre-exposure vaccination in Australia.

[@got2kittys]

The majority of the Entire U.S. medical industry is a profiteering disgrace of greediness. As illness is involuntary, the prices charged are a national Shame. Simply a case of predatory capitalism.

[@chrysanthemumfire6456]

What state is that?

[@ruralcapybara4189]

@@chrysanthemumfire6456 south east united states. Rabies is rampant in all the states in the region. Though, to be fair, rabies is a problem in many states, not just the south east.

[@ruralcapybara4189]

@@PlanetInline see, now that's at least reasonable.

[@gabrielbrownBG]

I was exposed to rabies a few years ago when I tried to rescue an injured bat. The shots were expensive, viscous, and painful, but I'm SOOOO glad I got them... Don't mess with Rabies.

[@limiv5272]

Expensive? Are you American?

[@ironcito1101]

I was bitten by a semi-stray dog when I was maybe 10 or 12. They gave me a series of shots in the butt, including for rabies. I remember that the nurse took each needle by itself (not attached to a syringe) and, with one quick motion, "threw" it into my buttock almost like a dart. _Then_ she plugged the syringe to it and injected. I don't know if that's normal for buttock injections, but it seemed strange. She seemed to know what she was doing, though.

[@GrootsieTheDog]

Don’t mess with injured bats!

[@_._ajmal]

Expensive? Where do you live?.

[@artwithsoli5450]

@@_._ajmal probably the USA

[@akashiseijuro5216]

Got bitten by a possibly rabied cat a day before my birthday. Got a vaccine for rabies within 24 hours, and then had two other doses in day 3 and day 7. within that week, i found out from witnesses that the cat died after the bite and i thought to myself, damn. a month in and had another does. docs told me to go back 7 months after that

[@chrismatthews2040]

Dear @Kurzgesagt, Thank you again for another wonderful video! I'm wondering, please could you do a video on the Black Death, as well? Every history documentary I've ever watched only ever details the symptoms of patients, how the disease is spread; and then the social and political ramifications it had on European society. It would be very interesting to learn how the Black Death works on a cellular level, and how it managed to slay 2/3 of the population in Europe in 1348 - then how it came and went in the next 300 years and possibly wrapping up with how it eventually died out in 17th century.

[@amberallen7809]

Was talking to my mom a few weeks ago when she casually mentioned my grandpa was bitten by a bat. I freaked out, especially when she said he hadn't been to the hospital and wasn't going to go until he felt sick. I made her hang up with me and call him to tell him to go to the hospital. I've always been a bit 'morbid' and rabies has been a fascination/ fear of mine since I was a kid. I thought my grandpa knew about rabies because he was a firefighter and therefore had first responder training and had done rabies vaccination drives (for dogs) at firehouses. Turns out he didn't know how bad it was. He hated the vaccine regimen, but I'm glad he listened and went and got it.

[@samchen9951]

Great job! You likely saved your grandpa's life.

[@anthonyfarias5076]

Not all heroes wear capes.

[@Flinn8]

Your grandpa is now a lizard person 🤔

[@watterson.darwin]

@@anthonyfarias5076 yo ngl that was corny

[@anthonyfarias5076]

@@watterson.darwin its true tho

[@rashkavar]

I remember hearing that the first known person to survive an infection of rabies that reached the brain was kept in a particularly deep induced coma for the duration of their infection, which seemed to suppress the encephalitis and also gave the immune system a chance to fight back. And even then, they barely made it and had months of rehab to get over the coma.

[@hoihoipoipoi]

yes and it's a wonder that kurtz didn't include this extremely vital information, or also the fact you need to get the shot the day you're bitten bc rabies ISN'T slow, it kills humans in under a week.

[@AgentSmith911]

You mean the Milwaukee protocol? It doesn't work.

[@ericy1817]

@@hoihoipoipoi This isn't true. Rabies is definitely slow with an incubation period of 2 - 3 months according to the WHO and "weeks to months" according to the CDC. You can get the vaccine any time within that incubation period. The full vaccination course (with 5 doses) takes 14 days, and while a few people have survived without the full 5 doses (take this part with a grain of salt because I don't fully remember it), it's generally best to get all the shots. Rabies may kill people quickly after symptoms present, but it's more likely than not that they were actually exposed to the virus months in advance. Secondly, if we're referring to the same person, they were using an experimental treatment called the Milwaukee Protocol to try to treat rabies. While that procedure worked on the patient, it has only worked that single time, while failing on 25 other patients it was attempted on. Due to this low success rate and high cost, it's more likely that the success was a fluke due to outside factors, and so it's generally not recommended now if I remember correctly.

[@lachieslan3970]

@@AgentSmith911 14% survival rate instead of 0% I would say it works.

[@AgentSmith911]

@@lachieslan3970 Out of a few dozen samples, it has never been proven to work. Which why experts are avoiding the method. It's basically quackery.

[@apextornado1]

4:00 every gamer after losing

[@theotherlauren]

First time I ever heard of bat lyssavirus was that little boy in Australia who got bitten by a bat. Thank you for this informative video!

[@TheJonathanc82]

As someone who was exposed to a rabid animal when I was younger, I am very glad this vaccine exists. I might not be typing this comment today if it didn’t.

[@crazykiller001schannel5]

Correction: you would not be typing that comment today

[@johnyoseflee8945]

i also lived because of vaccine

[@Doccroccfan]

Yeah but it hurts like hell I had it when I was 7

[@nicholasdean3467]

@@crazykiller001schannel5 *correction. Might not be. There has been a handful of people who survived rabies. All through the Wisconsin protocol I believe.

[@RGC_animation]

You definitely wouldn't be typing this comment today if the vaccines were even half as bad.

[@T.C]

I find it interesting that humans went from using sticks and stones to somehow finding a way to figure out how each cell in the body works

[@carelesswhisker4155]

Yeah its been crazy to watch all this happen over the years

[@agustinfranco0]

@@carelesswhisker4155 how old are you????

[@40watt53]

Crazier still how little we know about such basic things. People still don't know how smell works.

[@iaw7406]

Knowledge about cells is relatively recent

[@km077]

@Agustín Franco Idk, man, I would need to know the date of birth, but calendars weren't around until very recently.

[@rebeccaratzloff1589]

I was running outside to get into my car for work, and I saw a pregnant cat hanging out. There was a feral colony in the area, but most were friendly-feral, looking for food. I lived in a rural area. I went to pet the cat and she latching onto my leg and bit and scratched me over and over. I went to urgent care, and they told me to report the bite to the health department. The health department then told me to look for the animal within 2 weeks. If I saw her again, she likely didn’t have rabies. If I didn’t, I was instructed to get the $10,000 rabies vaccine 😮 on day 13, I saw the rude cat once again and reported back that I likely did not have rabies. Scary 2 weeks for sure!

[@user-nv4mj5rb4n]

You do not need to be bitten to contract rabies from a rabid animal. My wife knew a woman who had a small cut on her leg and she died from rabies after a dog simply licked the cut on her leg. By the time they figured out she was sick and taken to a hospital, it was way too late.

[@Vul_kaal]

Suuuuuuuuuuper rare but true, you don't need to be bitten to get an indirect case of rabies but it's, as mentioned, very very very rare. You're more likely to die of a car crash on the way to work than to contract rabies in this manner, but if any animal licks an open wound that you don't know (Or even your own pet, if you get licked or bit by your pet and it dies within 10 days, generally, you need to get a vaccine.) But the best case for questions about rabies is your states health department, most of them will have an epidemiologist on call ready for any rabies questions or concerns.

[@H0m0f1rST]

The most interesting and also haunting part about rabies to me is the strong hydrophobia people display. Its such a specific and scary symptom that by chance also helps you spread the virus better because you wont dilute your saliva with anything else.

[@cadenorris4009]

@@anonlf8398 dude are you having a stroke, or are you high?

[@vbgvbg1133]

@@anonlf8398 what are you on about my guy

[@ABIADAB]

@@anonlf8398 go to sleep bro

[@justsomeguy5470]

@@ABIADAB The drugs finally got to him

[@mateusnicolinibezerra9757]

It's terrifying how microscopic life can alter our brain and make us do things

[@vyrv6719]

Rabies and tetanus vaccines are so important. The risk was impressed on me a ridiculous amount as a kid, since I lived on a farm, but my mother was an ER nurse. She saw tetanus and rabies cases every year where some neighbor didn't get a child or older farmer the proper shots when bitten by bats, or when they got poked by a rusty piece of metal. I still remember her crying in the nurses lounge when I was a child because of a similar kid who died to rabies from a possum. (she would 'babysit' me there, aka the other nurses would')

[@WatTheHellDoYouThink]

Tetanus coming from rusty metal is a medical old-wives tale, you can get tetanus from anything unsanitary, it’s a bacterial infection. In fact much like copper oxide, iron oxide has antimicrobial properties, you’re much more likely to get tetanus from not washing up properly after the bathroom or scraping your knee.

[@DerpASherpa117]

Opossums don't carry rabies. Their base body temperature is too low for the virus to survive. They are one of the only mammals totally immune to the virus actually.

[@MrCrazyeyes07]

I thought Possum’s internal body temperature was too low to carry rabies.

[@shaggyrogers9028]

Actually, tetanus doesn't have much to do with rusty nails, the bacteria that causes it lives in a lot of places, almost everywhere. For example, if you cut yourself, and then smear dirt all over the cut, you might get tetanus. Rust is just usually an indicator that the nail itself probably has the bacteria on it, because it's been out for long and had a good chance to get infected, and nails are just... pretty good at poking you and getting the bacteria in your body, but the disease itself doesn't have much to do with rust.

[@mechanikalbull5626]

rzbies was eradicated in the rich countries since 90's

[@11thduelcommandment]

Rabies is my number one fear, and this explains it well

[@axehead45]

I’m scared of it to. And yet my dumbass would try to pet a raccoon that was walking up to people.

[@wolfamadeus6932]

@@axehead45 How did it go?

[@axehead45]

@@wolfamadeus6932 Luckily this hasn’t happened to me. But I know I’d be dumb enough to try it.

[@wolfamadeus6932]

@@axehead45 Raccoons are friendly and sometimes walk up to people for food. But if a raccoon's alone and acts weirdly, then I wouldn't come close. Although, you should be cautious of any unfamiliar animal. Especially dogs, they are the most common cause of human deaths of rabies. Many people think that it's usual for stray dogs to be aggresive and don't take it seriously. Sometimes I see children playing with stray dogs.

[@Fighterdynamics]

Your partnership with epic mountain is incredible the music used in this video is amazing

[@daerdevvyl4314]

A few points: 1) Up to 2004 no person had survived rabies after the onset of symptoms. However, since that time 29 people have survived through new techniques such as The Milwaukee Protocol. Still, when you consider that over 55,000 people die from rabies each year, 29 survivors in 18 years still means that rabies is almost 100% fatal after the onset of symptoms. 2) Birds have been found to carry rabies antibodies, showing that they’ve been infected. However they never become symptomatic. 3) At one point near the end, you imply (with a picture) that squirrels may be rabid. While this is possible since squirrels are mammals, it would be an extremely rare event, because any squirrel that’s bitten by a rabid animal will very likely die immediately. This is why rabies is more common in larger mammals, which can be bitten but survive long enough for the virus to incubate.

[@NemoK]

"The Milwaukee Protocol" sounds very scary haha (and I mean it is, considering you are put into a coma that you might not wake up from). But still, it's better than guaranteed death.

[@LCRich2001]

Thanks for the info👍

[@paulnolan4971]

@@NemoK Exactamundo Heyyyyyy Nah I'm glad they didn't sit on it

[@ImNotCatCourt]

Don't disrespect our homeboy the opossum. Deserves credit too. It's rare they get rabies. Better and safer wildlife friend than a raccoon.

[@Zak-tk8wv]

yes

[@BM-yy8db]

Props to the storyboard artist or concepter or whomever in production who decided the person in the animation to be infected should be a child rather than one of the birbs, adds a real oomph emphasizing the scary reality of rabies

[@squirlmy]

but, I'm not sure what the point of scaring anyone would be. They mention in the very next moments how effective the vaccine is. I think it's more important to scare people about the ideology of anti-vaxers. There's much less reason to scare people about rabies otherwise.

[@sophiesmith5922]

@@squirlmy People dont get rabies vaccines. Animals do. You assume if you get bit they will then give you a bad series of shots and hopefully catch and test the animal. BUT in many states in USA it is not required to rabies vax. In my state, it is not only required, but MUST be administered and tracked by a vet. For dogs, anyway. We also have a guy in my city who captures stray and feral cats to get them vaxed, spay/neuter then releases.

[@coolcat8b]

@@sophiesmith5922 People DO get the rabies vaccine, but only if there's a chance they've been exposed to infected animals. Cats and dogs get it as a preventative measure.

[@eyrthren]

@@sophiesmith5922 people absolutely can get a rabies vaccine? Usually after an infection, though I think if you’re going to a high risk area you’ll get one too

[@lsedge7280]

@@sophiesmith5922 Actually, there is a rabies vaccine for people, and as the video explains, due to the slow speed of progression of the rabies virus, it can be given after you have become infected as long as it is given quickly.

[@funpheonix9752]

It was actually incredible. I watched a couple videos of people who had rabies and one of the guys didn’t have the aggressiveness that’s associated with it. At least when he was being recorded, he was kind and polite the entire time, and was even willing to show how his throat denied him drinking water and how sensitive his skin got by letting the guy recording him open the window to his hospital room. I have *no* idea how he managed to keep his cool and was even willing to show how rabies was impacting him.

[@lean.1762]

Love the video awsome I do have a suggestion… you should do a video on prions i find them very interesting because how simple prions are, they’re just a simple protein that is moved slightly differently yet causes almost certain death. In animals it actually spreads so it’s even more dangerous

[@rachelc.2828]

The Asian vulture crisis (where Asia’s vulture population almost entirely disappeared because of a veterinary drug) has resulted in thousands more deaths by rabies per year as excess carion (mostly cows in India) fueled feral dog populations. It’s fascinating and a reminder of how important and interconnected certain species and nature are. Vultures rock

[@MA-2020]

Interesting!

[@upsaratus]

It is not a veterinarian drug but a common drug called Diclofenac. Many dying people get it too. This lead also to poisoning of vultures who eat the corpses of dead people (very desired in some religions in Asia). There I think Diclofenac is baned in veterinary field already but it must be also baned for people with desirer to be eaten by vultures after death.

[@chaz-e]

How are cows fueling dog population?

[@cartiopiumwehh]

@@chaz-e they eat the dead cows

[@Slashplite]

ive seen some of the last west african vultures alive in the wild in senegal

[@Kj_Gamer2614]

Rabies is truly terrifying. When you have it you may not know for months, but once you know your pretty much already dead. Lucky it’s not that common and hard to spread between people. I think only 1 person has ever survived so it’s maybe not deadly by amount of people, but by it’s effectiveness and death rate. Basically if you get bit by a mammal, immediately get a vaccine

[@jordanbell4736]

Raccoon skunk bat totally. Statistically rats are much less risky and squirrels have never been found to transmit rabies to a human in north america

[@moldman5694]

@@Nexofloof It's better not to respond to bots

[@carized8852]

@@Nexofloof Terraria ain't just a 2D knockoff. That other guy still sucks though.

[@TheLastBeanBender]

very impressive

[@zxcv97]

Prions much terryfying tho

[@yamanuygur8084]

I've seen it somewhere that there was a patient who survived rabies after the symptoms arose. She went into a coma, woke up after years of treatment, and had to learn basic motor functions like walking and speaking again.

[@cherilynnfisher5658]

Very informative. Thank you!

[@carlinianam0s]

I have been absolutely terrified of rabies for many years. It scares the absolute living crap out of me, even though it isn't something I really have any real need to fear - I don't spend an inordinate amount of time outside or near wild animals. It's not something I'll likely encounter, but as soon as rabies comes up in a conversation, I break out in a cold sweat. This was my first Kurzgesagt video that I've ever watched. Of _course_ it had to be about rabies.

[@Justifycope]

Exactly the same

[@Sophiebryson510]

Britian doesn’t have rabies

[@supportyourself3861]

My dad's a vet Every time he spoke of rabies (especially after an encounter with a sick animal - most often a cow) the little, bubbly, chatty 8 year old me would be like O.O in a corner

[@lpodverde]

You could theoretically get it from food from infected animals, like cows. There have been panicks from raw milk used in sold in products and later discovered one of their cattle was infected from a wild animal. Though no one was infected there was panic and some had to get shots.

[@johnwt7333]

Why don't you just get vaccinated? Problem solved

[@elisgus135]

These guys should have an entire tv show, these videos are so high quality it’s unreal.

[@SimonsAstronomy]

True

[@Kuri0]

I don't think they would do that

[@Fire-superme]

For sure!

[@SimonsAstronomy]

@Mishan 🅥Dont translate si obyčajný žebrák

[@scirvy]

Fun fact: March 18th 2025.

[@Ritchie841]

Absolutely blown away by how smart .and complex these micro machines are. Amazing stuff

[@umairsystem]

I just finished the course on rabies from brilliant. Hands down to the amazing digestible course.

[@stormevans6897]

This is one of the craziest cellular biology animations ever, you really packed this one full of the amazing stuff, I didn't know any of these intricacies of the immune system and I feel like everyone should have a working model like this in their head of what's actually going on inside them.

[@asktoseducemiss434]

treatment after being bit by a rabid animal will result in one of the most horrible deaths known to mankind, therefore praise the science!

[@johnwow9788]

Your generosity towards healing my Herpes is incomparable , DRETIKO you assured me of getting healed just within 21days and it was so . I will keep letting the world know about your good work ❤❤

[@dude-jk2hn]

Also. I recommend cells at work anime.

[@outofthebox9699]

2:18 How can some people think that this is a coincidence, this is pure engineering

[@seekingfinding6204]

@@asktoseducemiss434 You mean "not getting treatment", right? If you get treatment, you'll live!

[@chrisfromsouthaus2735]

I find illnesses where your mind fails before your body, considerably more terrifying than the other way round. Not only rabies, but diseases like dementia, or heavy metal poisoning. The thought of my humanity dying while my body lingers, and what effect that would have on my loved ones horrifies me.

[@stdesy]

I find the opposite more terrifying. Something like ALS where your body just stops working while your mind is entirely there and you have nothing to do but contemplate your doom

[@aluminiumknight4038]

@@stdesy death is scary either way I guess

[@diseasedworm9209]

@@stdesy ALS is horrible

[@hart418]

The advantage of your nervous system decaying first is that you're pretty much braindead, which means no more dread or contemplation for you.

[@aluminiumknight4038]

@@diseasedworm9209 I know, learning about some neurological diseases that the patient can't avoid getting and can't heal from makes me sad

[@leekspinner]

The cellular world seems like a parallel universe for how hard it is to fathom it. I peek into it from time to time with the help of your videos and always find myself puzzled how alien it appears to be. Thank you!

[@mattl3023]

Yes, it looks 'alien' because it was created by an Intelligence outside of this universe - God. He's clever isn't He? In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. Genesis 1:1. It was God. He also created you via the succession of your ancestors who cane from Adam and Eve. Time and chance did not create any of it. Time and chance just breaks it down and messes it up. Think about that, sir.

[@LightBringer127_dragonart]

Hey Kurzgesagt, could you do a video on prion diseases/ the Mad Cow disease outbreaks? It would be very interesting and fit with the theme you have of extremely deadly brain diseases.

[@ItsEka-929jfm]

Prion diseases are WAY WAYYY worse than rabies Impossible to cure Cant move

[@inf1n1typlus1]

It’s crazy that 5 genes in a shell is able to kill us almost 100% of the time. Really shows how fragile the human body is

[@scotthayes5386]

I love how unbelievably developed the human body is, yet diseases are so good at adapting they still thrive in it

[@scotthayes5386]

Ok I don’t love it disease sucks but it’s fascinating lol

[@andrewchanathip]

We are basically paper thin compared to nature

[@andrewchanathip]

I’d think that the less cells you have,the easier it is to mutate and evolve

[@njones420]

@@andrewchanathip we are nature ;)

[@oltro15]

Terrifying how our immune system is so complex and intricate but so many pathogens avoid it with ease

[@minecrafting_il]

Your immune system is almost perfect, capable of holding off many bacteria and viruses, almost none get through. Almost.

[@minecrafting_il]

Also, your immune system evolves to become better and better, but so do your enemies. It's a race. And considering the fact that humans are not extinct, we are doing decently in this race. Show some respect for your immune system, you don't know how hard it's working.

[@oltro15]

@@minecrafting_il I think its also important to mention that we have modern technology to help the immune system defend against certain illnesses which it would otherwise struggle with.

[@pieterfaes6263]

Well nature has had billions of years of competition, trial and error to develop, so it'd be weird if it wasn't that complex. That even a very simple virus like Rabies can defeat this with brutal effect is rather unsettling though.

[@zxcv97]

Prions much terryfying

[@Akari7005]

The book at the end of the story had text which read "Once upon a time there was a man from Peru, who dreamed that he was eating his shoe. He woke with a fright in the middle of the night to find out his dream had come true"

[@theaveragejoe2809]

So glad that content like this exists, spreading completely honest direct information and THEN explaining how you can fix the problem rather than just leaving viewers helpless

[@tewuzij]

Well if that wasn't the case we would be all doomed

[@subzerocreeper8025]

Hmm that's why this show is the best

[@elgatochurro]

Except when it comes to global warming, that's just pure propaganda

[@jasonwalton9553]

@@elgatochurro Which part is propaganda, "global warming is real" or "there's something you can/we will do about it"?

[@elgatochurro]

@@jasonwalton9553 global warming is propaganda

[@aquamidget1131]

I was surprised to learn that Rabies is such a simple virus, seeing as how the way the virus works and the symptoms it has is really complex

[@nosferadu]

It's like a 16K demo

[@ChenLiYong]

Well, kicking a president is a simple action, but can trigger world war.

[@NewSupa]

@@ChenLiYong That's a hilarious but effective explanation.

[@alansmithee419]

@@ChenLiYong Yeah, the chess federation can get pretty protective of theirs.

[@cartoonnetwork1fan26]

RANDOM COMMENT FOR THE ALGORITHM Apple is the bes of the only thing missing in this case was a great sense of the only news channel in a relationship with a lovely man and the Juice media

[@Brar_no.1]

Brother loves this video man this animation and knowledge changed my perception of the human body. Thanks brother

[@leekspinner]

It's mind-boggling how a very simple structure is able to overtake such a complex system.

[@charlesdarwin4780]

One of the things that really stuck with me from my teenage years, was reading of the first Neolithic cities in human history and how we found them. Entire cities of tens of thousands of people, sitting like they were waiting for someone to come back home, and nobody knows where the original inhabitants went. Disease is the number 1 suspect, as tribes later on said they were cursed lands where all the people died mysteriously or vanished. Pretty interesting how easily we forget that stuff.

[@lifetech4146]

Now thts a good point

[@Bitchslapper316]

Scary thought. Bacterial infections were also far more deadly back them do to no antibiotics. The two cities that were both destroyed the same way in the same era are frightening as well. It's assumed they were destroyed by an asteroid air burst overhead because the only other known thing that can cause that much heat and send out a similar shockwave is a nuke. At least two cities 4000 miles apart in the time time frame.

[@douginorlando6260]

I suspect Gobekli Tepe suffered pandemics and is why they were deliberately buried.

[@corrupt1user]

Humans have been living through outbreaks of Bubonic Plague for thousands of years by the time the Black Death returned to Europe. Imagine being the first city to experience it when absolutely no one had it before; the 1/3rd death rate from the Black Death would've been child's play in comparison. And even if you survive, well, every single skill is critical for your town and no plague will ever kill equal rates of each skill, you might have enough coopers but none of the smiths survived, or you have enough smiths but no millers, the complete loss of any one skillset could simply doom your town. It's really surprising we've been able to get as advanced as we have without being taken out by disease.

[@amihere383]

@@corrupt1user We are resilient indeed

[@scientia_potentia_est]

I always thought HIV was the sneakiest and scariest of viruses bc its "life" cycle is the equivalent of a swarm of deadly ninjas sneaking up on the most crucial parts of your immune system "army", going undetected right under their nose, and then taking them out with a single deadly punch to the throat. But then I saw this and realized that Rabies does all that but with the twist of torturing you to death 😳

[@queeny5613]

Yeah it’s fucked

[@jupiter3067]

There still no vaccine for HIV. Your first impression is correct about the sneakiest and scariest virus !

[@evilsharkey8954]

And rabies has a 100% mortality rate except for a handful of people who’ve been treated with extremely intensive medical interventions and had to recover from serious brain damage. With the newer drugs, HIV is still incurable (it will come back if you stop taking the drugs), but it’s no longer a death sentence.

[@funDAYsmiling]

This last Coronavirus killed well over a million Americans and will kill a few million more before it fizzles out, and has permanently disabled two of my three siblings who’ve had it with “long COVID.” Pneumonic viruses are the only ones to be truly fearful of, since people can do everything perfectly and then lose their entire families to death.

[@midocean4448]

as someone who's currently studying HIV for a biology exam tmr, thanks for the illuminating description, i really need it

[@bawin384]

Loved the St. George reference at 8:55!

[@georgiancountryball202]

Same

[@TrickyIsHim]

Killer-T: I’ve come to save the day! Rabies: Kys Killer-T: *Emotional Damage*

[@fade7106]

I love how he makes the entire explanation feel like a spy movie where they have to infiltrate and take down a huge compound and use it for themselves

[@asktoseducemiss434]

This channel never disappoints and the quality is always to such a high standard, thank you for teaching me so much Kurzgesagt!

[@asdawasda]

​@@asktoseducemiss434 this person isn't kurzgesagt

[@DarkLink023741]

This is a cool analogy! I used to picture a war scenario when I was studying imunology in college, it made the hole thing more interesting!

[@bluebadboy1871]

Scientifically accurate!

[@jj21xxx]

Of course you love. It's pure lies and propaganda in the form of cartoons for children.

[@norsehorse84]

"When you reach this stage, you are going to die." I hope I'm not the only one who is horrified by that sentence. No other Kurzgesagt video involving infections has ever had such a mundane certainty of death stated like this. Even with Cytokine Storms, they say it's "very likely", but here, it's treated like a certainty of death, because it is. Honestly, the most chilling thing ever said on this channel.

[@minepixellz2803]

Trust me kurzgesagt is gonna get WAY darker ☢

[@nicholasg.6175]

Yep, mortality rate is 100% when the symptoms start expressing themselves.

[@Nebulisuzer]

out of the 12 billion people who have gotten rabies and had the symptoms appear only TWO have lived

[@lantami1199]

It's not an absolute certainty but very very close to that. As far as I could find, there are only 29 reported cases of rabies survivors worldwide (1st entrance in the list is from 1970) and only 4 of those made a complete recovery without long term consequences. Using Kurzgesagt's provided 60'000 deaths per year (8:30) that makes around 3 million deaths since 1970. So the survival rate is 29/3'000'000 = 0.00096% and the rate of complete recovery is 4/3'000'000 = 0.00013%

[@josephburchanowski4636]

@@nicholasg.6175 Imagine somebody purposefully infecting you without you knowing. By the time you show symptoms, you are doomed.

[@lesliemason6016]

Loved this method of animation with audio!

[@TheTrueDoomSlayer]

8:19 don't think I didn't notice your clentched fist Arthur meme reference here!!!

[@Accessless]

I find one of the most interesting and mystifying things about rabies is its frightening ability to easily jump species. Most viruses require mutation to be effective in a different organism and then its mutated form is usually then not effective against the original host.

[@raffaeledivora9517]

That's because it is so simple and it exploits basic mechanisms that are fundamental to the biology of all mammals and as such, are unlikely to ever be modified by evolution. Another example of how often less is more, the simplest the solution, the most resilient it is

[@SuperPickle15]

@@raffaeledivora9517 also the fact it hides from the immune system so well, it has very little pressure to change.

[@panda1345]

Nature tailor made it for Mammals. Its a deeply fascinating Virus.

[@derpinator4912]

@@raffaeledivora9517 "A designer knows he has achieved perfection not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away."

[@deirenne]

@@raffaeledivora9517 it's actually not true, there are strains of the lyssavirus, that are associated with specific orders of animals. Rabies lyssavirus, most probably, started out with bats, but then later on shifted to Carnivora, that unfortunately encompasses all cats and dogs, and all of the descendants of their latest common ancestor - and that is fifth biggest group of mammals. Fun fact: there seems to be a correlation between species the person was bitten by and how likely they are to contract the lyssavirus, with lagomorphs [so hares, rabbits and pikas] and rodents being less likely to transfer the virus.

[@timothythomad5529]

Once got accidentally bit by a squirrel while in law school feeding it nuts. I didn't think anything of it, it was an accidental nip that drew blood. But then I thought, what about rabies? Did some research, found out squirrels almost never have rabies, didn't think anything else of it. Until, two weeks later, when I got a pretty severe sore throat. Suffice to say, that was over 20 years ago, so obviously not rabies, but for about a day...

[@olfmombach260]

I feel that, only watching this video makes me feel anxious as hell because I thought back to when some random cat snapped at my hand like half a year ago. Like the chances of that animal having had rabies are basically zero (rabies-free country, domestic cat) but I still get so paranoid

[@Shijaru64]

For about a day, you had the biggest scare in your life?

[@themysticautistic5449]

I misread that as a squirrel bit your nuts. That raises another question. Can rabies be transmitted through reproduction? Like if you have children while having rabies (with no symptoms obviously) would they be born with it?

[@lemonstealinghorsdoeuvre]

I was going to say you are supposed to call them neurodivergent, but yeah, twenty years ago it was OK to call them nuts. So I guess I'm only slightly triggered. Still, you probably need to get fired after a healthy doxing.

[@lemonstealinghorsdoeuvre]

@@themysticautistic5449 only if you have salivary glands in your goodies. Or if you spit on it for extra lube.

[@ARumGremlin]

If I had these animations when I was failing out of Biology in high school to inspire me, I would have cured cancer by now.

[@pbgcruizer5939]

It’s really well done on how you explain this

[@cruros9084]

4:03 Minor correction here: when the apoptotic signals are high enough to induce apoptosis into a cell, the affair isn't nearly so violent and explosive (that would be very bad and end up causing massive inflammation and necrosis in the local area). Rather, the cell "blebbs" and shrivels as it self digsets, with nearby macrophages consuming the little blebs in a very clean and contained way.

[@65nidheeshkumarprabakaramo68]

Yeah its true but there is no distinct apoptosis to be in reality but it happens with a mix of both necrosis and apoptosis called necroptosis. There is also ferroptosis and other stuff..

[@65nidheeshkumarprabakaramo68]

So they are right about the animation but can be clear about the terminology

[@Hello-hello-hello456]

Yep. That kind of ‘explosion’ is more similar to necrosis

[@cruros9084]

@@65nidheeshkumarprabakaramo68 The extrinsic pathway for apoptosis induced by CD8 cytotoxic T cells involves FAS signaling and utilizes caspase 3 to activate apoptotic effectors, thereby inducing DNA and protein digestion within the cell and ultimately leading to blebbing from the membrane while containing the viral particles within those discrete membrane pieces. While recent literature have identified alternative routes such as necroptosis, it would appear that mechanism may be involved in the lysis of tumor cells. Furthermore, from an evolutionary approach, it would appear counterproductive for the immune system to utilize necrosis in the case of viral infection due to how the rupture of infected cells results in the explosion of infectious particles into the surrounding matrix, thereby further propagating the infection.

[@Duracell2]

What can I get you smart and educated people started with today? What are we drinking?

[@AllanDaemon]

I got super terrified in the middle of the video thinking "wow, I hope I never got near this virus", then I realize that I already was infected with it, but I didn't associate the name in my language with it in English! After trying to help a bat with rabies and getting bitten by it, I had to take almost one shot of vaccine/injection per day for 1 month... At the time I cursed to have to do that (I hate needles), but after this video, I'm glad I took them correctly.

[@Suzzers]

That's scary, dang. I'm glad you're okay!

[@spinach7825]

Damn bro

[@PRubin-rh4sr]

30 shots? PEP for Rabies is only 4 shots in the span of two weeks. Was this a long time ago or your doctor was paranoid?

[@apersonwhohasnothing]

my brother got bit by a stray dog and had to get vaccines too off course. till this day i am terrified of dogs when they get a little too close to me. the funny part is that i was the one who got traumatised by this incident not my brother. also i am glad that you survived.

[@juska4235]

@@PRubin-rh4sr oh what? That's weird, in my country the rabies vaccine is known to be 20+ needles or something as crazy as that, not entirely sure could be outdated rumor but that's what i heard

[@HaliesH]

5:52 the bluntness of this statement hit me in the face so violently

[@TheAdvertisement]

"You are going to die. :)"

[@kenirainseeker539]

Well, it's true. You can literally count on one hand the amount of people in all of human history that have survived rabies without the vaccine. The odds are pretty much nil that you won't die, and even if you lived somehow, enjoy the severe brain damage

[@RonySetiawan-ho7jr]

this is the story of my heart. for more than half a year I am very sensitive to animals that transmit rabies. even when I pass by, or see a dog I break out in cold sweat, and immediately run away from it. I don't even want to step on the floor of the house, if there are guests who have dogs. Even holding money I wash my hands 😭. I also consult a doctor every time I see a dog, I ask if I catch rabies if the virus evaporates in the air. In fact, I always felt that my life would not be long, even though I had never been bitten or scratched by an animal. and every day I'm always in a panic. I don't know, because when I went to school I passed a dog. until I always buy handsanitazer and masks when leaving the house. oh god I'm tired of living in fear. every day there is something that makes me afraid of rabies. and today I met a bat when running the motorbike at high speed and the bat was right in front of me but fortunately after I checked my body no one was bitten. and I am currently haunted by what if bat saliva gets into my eyes. and it always gets past me. i hope nothing happens what i want . God bless

[@gamerknight1014]

Remember God’s love. He will take care of you because he is your father. 1 John 4:18 reads, “There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear. For fear has to do with punishment, and whoever fears has not been perfected in love.” No matter what happens, NOTHING gets past God. Whatever happens is God’s decision, so it will always be for the better. Jesus loves you, accept His peace through a prayer like this: God, I love you. Thank you for always taking care of me, please give me Your love because perfect love, the love only You can give, will eradicate fear from my life. Remember this: Jesus is the prince of peace. Accept His perfect love and His peace.

[@gamerknight1014]

Also remember the end of the video: Nature isn’t always scary, it can be beautiful. God did say everything was good when He created the world. Nature is beautiful because God created it. Living in fear will only worsen it. Being afraid for your life and dying afraid will only waste life. Live life with peace and joy, because even IF (big IF) you die young, but you enjoy life, that will be more valuable than living 100 years in fear.

[@wolfamadeus6932]

You're paranoid, go see a psychiatrist, then a psychotherapist.

[@bongsmal1714]

That's called hypochondria (fear of diseases), seek therapy, god ain't helping ya

[@Xandrous_Drumz]

That's what happened to me, till I realized that it doesn't matter if we live long or short, there is a continuation for life, that's right, that's God.

[@mytoasteroven2402]

There are few things in life that scare me the exact and powerful way that rabies does. My sister and I were coming home from the zoo once, when we saw a young raccoon in broad daylight, acting strangely, and noticeably unwell. Staggering up toward any person that came by. It should immediately set off alarm bells for you to see a raccoon acting that unafraid of humans. That little guy caught sight of me, and a chase ensued. It would not leave me alone no matter where I went. First and only time I’ve been that viscerally afraid before. At that point I was weaving between cars, shouting “Help me” several times. I had to make a few laps around some vehicles and frantically yell for my sister to unlock the door to our car, and then race back around and scramble inside before it could crawl under the car and get to me. We were sure to warn others around the parking lot not to go near that poor thing, some unsuspecting folks were *walking towards the raccoon with their children.* Do not fuck around with sick animals. Rabies will fuck you up slowly and irreparably. As soon as you show symptoms, it’s all over.

[@johnwow9788]

Your generosity towards healing my Herpes is incomparable , DRETIKO you assured me of getting healed just within 21days and it was so . I will keep letting the world know about your good work ❤❤

[@nils9853]

Which country was this? Because in Europe it should be eradicated... Asking just out of curiosity not to judge.

[@TMHedgehog]

@@nils9853 America most likely, has racoons and still has rabies.

[@chaddsteinberg3758]

@@nils9853I believe I say rabid raccoon 🦝 when going thru the Taco Bell drive thru. I feel bad I should’ve called someone it was a while ago though... my friend seen a rabid rabbit literally run and drown itself in his pond...he said it messed him up.

[@Aceofwolves]

It doesn't even need to be a raccoon. I saw a feral rabid cat once. It stumbled around and walked in a zig zag. It would then fall after a few steps and try to stand up only to fall down again. Clearly not right.

[@The1rust]

The Milwaukee Protocol was, at one point, theorized as our best chance to combat rabies once it entered the body in the event that it was too late for the vaccine but before advanced symptoms developed. The idea was to put the patient in a medically induced coma and being pumped with antivirals as well as other drugs such as Ketamine. The suppressed brain activity would essentially slow the spread of the virus which would provide the body with extra time to combat the viral infection. While it worked in one case which became the first known survival of rabies it also failed in over two-dozen other attempts and is only seen as a last resort.

[@gbasso666]

A simillar technique was used to save a girl here in Brazil I think.

[@jastrckl]

it has worked in a handful of cases, but even for the people that survive, the recovery is brutal. they had to be kept in a coma so long, that they had to relearn how to eat, walk, talk, etc again.

[@Strutinan]

@@jastrckl funny thing is that cryopreservation therapeutics have been shown to kill lyssa in post-symptomatic animals, when used in conjunction with a vaccine. And the same "cold sleep" techniques actually PREVENT mental degradation in humans. And yet the idea of dropping the core body temp of rabies patients to 80 degrees Fahrenheit, while keeping them comatose, to *save thier lives* is considered "cruel" by the AMA?! I'm suuuuuure it has NOTHING to do with said animal experiments showing that the cure rate was near 100%, and with only 8% of the vaccine material needed... Sigh, THIS is why we are so "distrustful of vaccines", the behavior of the people who make money BY KEEPING US SICK. Never cut a deal with someone who benefits more from breaking it than keeping it, and TRUST is part of a DEAL between the customer and producer. Once it is lost it is NEVER coming the hell BACK! Fraud-ci et all have DESTROYED that trust for one of the most important discoveries ever made by man, the vaccine, to such a horrific degree that even *>>I

[@AGuy-vq9qp]

It’s got like a 25% success chance

[@sentientlemonbattery]

mr krabs what the fuck are you doing with all that ketamine

[@stirazvv]

Holy moly, such engineering in our bodies and the way life works, it seems too complicated not to be created by a higher intelligence, another is how the cosmos seems to move and work, but the insides of our bodies, our cells seem on a whole other level, exponentially more complex!

[@diegorapaci668]

8:43 fleabag reference lol I love this channel

[@leconcasse6450]

I had absolutely no idea rabies was almost certainly lethal once symptoms began showing. What a horrendous monster this virus is. Thanks for making this video. It will most definitely help raise awareness among people like me, who are still ignorant about the deadlines of this condition. Vaccination is ever so important.

[@TheRagefires]

It's also an incredibly painful death. Euthanasia is recommended

[@stigrabbid589]

the thing with rabies is that getting vaccinated is optional, not mandatory unless you get bitten by a random animal, so many people just don't get vaccinated aheas for it.

[@IntegralKing]

100%. Actually 99.999999%. One girl survived after being put into a medically induced coma

[@krashd]

Once the bite location starts to tingle it is all over. It can be weeks, months or even years before the virus starts it's journey from your muscle (where it has been multiplying) to your nervous system, but when that happens the site of where you were bitten will start to tingle. You'll feel pins and needles as the virus hitches a ride on your nervous system and when that happens you are now officially too late to be vaccinated and you best start making plans for your funeral.

[@YukiTheOkami]

in germany we lern in elemenatary school stay away from wild animals that dont avoid u an wild animal no matter waht it is that does not is cautious about u can be asign of rabies (Tollwut in german) wich is a leathal virus especialy the children on the edges of the citys the small towns and villages get that taught there might be areas where this is not the case or it changed over time but when i entered school 21 years ago that was standard we also get told to imedietly go to an aduld and tell if w where bit or scatched even if it was a stray cat and that there are other deseases too

[@brokenrecord3523]

My wife, a public health veterinarian, told me that you can reduce the chance of getting rabies from an animal bite by 50% if you scrub the bite site well with soap and water. The initial replication of the virus happens at the bite, not in the neurons. As for dogs, in the US, we have pretty much eradicated canine rabies. Dogs, foxes, etc can get it, but almost always from another species.

[@beneath8651]

Thank you for sharing

[@cebruthius]

I'll do that, *and* take the vaccine

[@larryc1616]

If you can't get a vaccine for rabies, you need to quickly chop above and off the infected limb

[@agustinbarquero8898]

@@cebruthius As you should! Slay

[@tomkirby8589]

@@agustinbarquero8898BAHHAHAHA idk why that amused me so much

[@talithasuya8908]

"Order the infected cell to kill itself" made me laugh maniacally.

[@youtubevanced4936]

Really Good Educational Video With Amazing Presentation, Helps To Understand An Entire Complex Mechanism Like An Animated Movie Really Intresting And My Great Appreciation Towards It's Creators Looking Forward For More Videos Like This In The Future 😇🔥🔥

[@seanjohn111]

My best friend died from rabies. A bat bit him. He didn’t tell anybody, and it took about a month till he started showing symptoms. He eventually slipped into a coma and died. I miss him. RIP buddy.

[@KC-ql6dd]

That's heavy fam, I'm sorry for your loss.

[@CrabappleKing]

What country are you from?

[@DopeThug]

Same, my friends friend Died from it too, he didn't tell anyone after getting Bitten from a rabid dog

[@madhumadhu-pb2yz]

Thank you for your valuable information

[@hamzamahmood9565]

Sorry to hear about it! It truly is the worst of nature

[@gamech2008]

5:08 killer t cell : im gonna delete you Rabies : no u *pull out uno reverse card*

[@Iplaygeometrydashmore]

This is a project for my gifted group, this helped a lot! Thanks Kurzsgesagt!

[@bluefridge7923]

this stuff is so incredible. how did our bodies ever evolve to do something this complicated.

[@thomvaan2845]

When I was camping as a young kid I wondered out loud if I could catch one of the thousands of tiny bats on the lake in a net. My parents didn't care because they obviously didn't expect a kid to catch a bat in the pitch black with a butterfly net. Sure enough, I did. I literally grabbed the thing out of the net with my bare hands and ran up to the camp site to show them. My dad right away told me to throw it away, and as I was holding it it started to try and chomp my finger. It thankfully didn't break skin and I never got rabies, but sheesh... seeing this video really made me realize how bad it would have been if I did.... (Only scary because bats are a more common carrier of rabies)

[@legitpancake4276]

At least in the US, it’s recommended to get the rabies vaccine whether you think it broke skin or not. Better safe than sorry. Many doctors will even want you to get vaccinated if you notice a bat in your house, because it might have bit you in your sleep and the bites are basically invisible. If you don’t get the vaccine in the first week or so, you’re basically gonna die one of the most excruciating deaths.

[@alexd4171]

Ok, but was the bat soft and fuzzy?

[@BikeHelmetMk2]

This is why parents should pay attention when their kids muse about things. Similar story here. "I bet I could jump across that river!" "Sure ya could, kid. Haha." "Oh *beep*" I did make it across, by the way. Jumped across some stones and a wet soggy log - about 30-40 feet wide, 6 or 8 feet deep. I was an adventurous 6 year old.

[@njr-qt5ik]

I'm sorry I know this is a serious story, and I'm glad nothing bad happened, but the word "chomp" immediately made the bat sound adorable

[@josephstalin4484]

That's scary, I did have some encounter with a bat once too, scary part was that it was flying around my bed and me thinking it was a moth

[@TimeBucks]

thank you so much for an amazing video

[@ghost....tmc287]

Hi

[@grapesforallofus]

Amazing indeed 🙀

[@nacl4988]

"I am too smoothegened, Your insults and defence systems simply bounce right off."

[@penguinpingu3807]

The literal definition of simple yet effective

[@LonelySandwich]

Rabies is called "rage" in French. By the way, that guy who found the vaccine against rabies was a Frenchman, Louis Pasteur.

[@NickAndriadze]

Oh, that' neat. It's called ''ცოფი'' in Georgian, which means wrath, so, close enough.

[@chrisproost7290]

Rage, eh? Big 28 Days Later vibe there.

[@andreh4eva]

Same as in portuguese - "raiva".

[@novalis2688]

Same in Italian

[@JovanLemon]

same in serbian, actually

[@samgray49]

What's interesting is there's a village of natives in the Amazon, and they all carry rabies antibodies. They're trying to figure out why they seemingly are naturally resistant to it. It's speculated that a ancestor developed rabies but it was more mild at the time and lived and she passed on the naturally immunity to her child and that child got bitten and lived and eventually everyone had developed a natural immunity to it

[@agustinbarquero8898]

an ancestor*

[@Pink_Noodle]

They may also have the gene mutation that makes them immune to kuru as well, I know one of the amazon tribes has it

[@skylerthompson8652]

Possums are also naturally super resistant and we're not sure entirely why.

[@popcorn219]

@@skylerthompson8652 Apparently it’s because compared to the other mammals rabies prefers, they have a much lower body temperature making them a less ideal host to replicate or survive in.

[@stefanostokatlidis4861]

Supposedly they are getting subclinically infected with small amounts from bats and they developed immunity to this. Resistance or survival from rabies is known from many other parts of the world. You could survive it too, but the risk is too high and so we never skip the vaccine.

[@JayEmGe]

This video is terrifying enough to make me want to search the woods for all animals displaying suspicious symptoms and eradicate them.

[@Campaigner82]

As soon as I saw “Lyssa” I thought: Crazy Catlady Well done as always