The Difference Between Gasoline And Hydrogen Engines

How hydrogen combustion engines work, versus gasoline engines. Hydrogen combustion engines can be more efficient and with better emissions versus gas engines, due to the fuel differences of H2.
This video will look at eight major differences between gasoline and hydrogen fuels used in internal combustion engines. This includes the combustion reaction and byproducts, air fuel ratio, ignition energy, flame velocity, auto-ignition temperature, diffusivity, quenching distance, and density. These properties result in drastic differences between using the two fuels, though both can easily be adopted and used in traditional otto-cycle piston cylinder engines, often with little modification to the existing engine hardware. Are hydrogen engines the future of internal combustion? Let's find out!
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[@zenddoor]

14 Minutes of uninterrupted teaching. My high school teachers would be pretty jealous of your efficiency. Thanks!

[@09NXN06]

Exactly! 14 minutes is a semester

[@markurban9113]

Because they need to fill their 40h/week contract

[@jonskowitz]

Jason doesn't need to constantly deal with that disruptive kid in the back row.

[@zenddoor]

​@@jonskowitz Yep, that's what I was going at. I wasn't that interested either back then so I was that kid some times, but a group of uninterested kids makes classes so unproductive. Respect for those teachers. And nice for Jason that he has just interested viewers that keep quiet while he is talking. :D

[@starvalkyrie]

@@jonskowitz glad someone said it. Corralling idiots in the worlds most expensive daycare doesn't do educators any favors

[@rip454vanwinkel]

I really like how all the pro's and con's are presented in just the facts. I wish the news was like this.

[@littlegile5072]

Did he really mention that CO2 is highly preferred pollution over NOx? Must of missed it. NOx is an oxidizing agent and will react with other gases, particles, etc What you end up with is ground level ozone, smog, acid rains and more issues. My main concern is that this guy know it but make no mention while claiming "at least we get rid of that Carbon pollution" without even a mention about NOx big issues. It cause respiratory problem, allergies, inflammation of the lungs and throat, etc. How do I know he does ? He know what he talk about on it for the rest of the video. Bit of a bias when you claim a good thing you get rid of is CO2 when you dont show the other is worse. Its hundredS of time more dangerous for our climate. Why do people never explain that impress me. But such is youtube I suppose. (not trying to pull him down, still a fun watch)

[@cnobillbradley9673]

Walter Cronkite delivered news via television in that manner just facts. One wanted to watch his newscasts.

[@onlythewise1]

@@littlegile5072 and the pollution of batteries to make them and throw away

[@SGTGGeorge]

@@littlegile5072 Because we have things called catalytic converters, and for diesels DEF exhaust fluid...

[@SGTGGeorge]

@@onlythewise1 You do realize that Hydrogen is the way forward... All electric cars are not... Until battery technology can advance to the point of recyclable, high capacity, high voltage, compact batteries arrive. Which there is already tests on solid state batteries and solid state hydrogen fuel cells that will be the future. Oh and you can make hydrogen in your garage from water using electricity... Can you do that with fossil fuels?! 👌😉😜

[@graemebelle7427]

As a car guy I really enjoyed your content. I've been working on internal combustion engines for 40 years, and it was great to get your insight into what the future will bring. Thanks so much

[@JoaoSilva-bh3de]

and dont forget with hydrogen back fire is easier :)

[@mirafioristi]

@@JoaoSilva-bh3de I am a bit confused about the advantage in burning speed. All my knowledge points that you cannot make power with fast burning vapors in a combustion engine. There is no point in fast igniting when we are near TDC. What you need, is a fuel that still burns and produces more pressure when piston is in optimum angle, about 50% down. That is why nitromethane makes so much power, it burns slower than gasoline. And vapors in general burn 3x faster than gasoline, only some 10-20% of piston travel. So i assume that hydrogen engine cannot make significant power without reducing the speed of combustion. I understand that in racing they use water injection, but naturally that is not viable in street use. GM claims to bring hydrogen-combustion truck engine soon. But in the presentation if you reed between the lines, they still have not resolved this issue. And there is no guarantee that they ever will.

[@chrisperry1756]

With these gas prices I’m wanting to convert my 454 1 ton to hydrogen 🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@eone2345]

@@mirafioristi you can actually control that in your ignition timing, retard or advanced depending on your setup

[@jannis-joelfehl4855]

@Off The Grid What is the problem witch implemention on both hydrogen and evs?

[@mkckfrancis2]

I am not skilled from a chemistry perspective, but this was the best video I've seen that clearly explains the difference without too much technical complexity. Well done. Thank you

[@selvasuriya001]

There's not much chemistry in it though!

[@uwekonnigsstaddt524]

Excellent!!!! The only person that I know that can have 15 pages of text in engineering in a video less than 15 minutes long. Very dense content. With a whiteboard on the background? Priceless....

[@EngineeringExplained]

Glad you enjoyed it, thanks for watching!!

[@natedavis5574]

How does running lean reduces Nox if you run lean on a gasoline engine Nox will increases because of heat not decrease. Is there a difference between Hydrogen engines

[@HuntingTarg]

@@natedavis5574 The activation energy to break the simple H2 bond is VERY low, and the reason Hydrogen gas is dangerous in quantity; the activation energy to break the C-H bond is higher, so because ignition temperature is lower, more oxygen reacts with Hydrogen than happens with Octane or other hydrocarbons. 2H2 + O2 => 2H2O is a much lower 'energy hill' to get over than with hydrocarbon combustion, so less of the triple N2 bonds are broken and less NOx is formed; make sense?

[@natedavis5574]

@@HuntingTarg thanks for the education

[@sasjadevries]

@@HuntingTarg If it's lean it means there is excess oxygen that can (potentially) react with nitrogen. (Don't claim a lean hydrogen burn has NO NOX at all, it it's not lean enough it will have nox for sure) Whether that happens pretty much depends on the temperature. H2+O2=H20 and N2+O2=NOX are 2 separate reactions, if O2+N2 get hot enough they will form NOx. The thing where hydrogen and petrol differ is this: when an lpg, cng, diesel, petrol, etc engine is running rich it means more liquid fuel will turn into a gas (this is why water injection reduces emissions) and if you inject too much fuel then there is no oxygen left to marry the nitrogen. If you run lean obviously the opposite is happening. For hydrogen engines the max flame temperature 2600°C is achieved at a stochiometric a/f mixture; the zeldovich reaction (N2+O/N+O2=nox) usually occurs above 1600°C, but it does occur below that temp as well under certain conditions. When a hydrogen a/f mixture is leaner it will burn cooler because there is less fuel(less energy) that has to heat up the same volume (all the gasses inside your reaction chamber). Hydrogen is already a gas, so when hydrogen burns there is no liquid that needs to boil, and boiling is an endothermic reaction. Even simpler said: it takes energy to turn a liquid into a gas, and when you inject water or inject extra diesel/petrol into your engine it's extra liquid that sucks up heat. Lean petrol runs hotter than stochiometric petrol, lean hydrogen runs cooler than stochiometric hydrogen. That's the difference.

[@easymac79]

10:13 "Thermal event" I love how you describe "fire" at first. Highest geek level achieved..

[@chrisnewman7281]

Engineer would call it ignition, because there’s a quick flash with no flame present

[@BigUriel]

​@@chrisnewman7281 There's always a flame, you just need a slow motion camera to see it.

[@mcmarkmarkson7115]

That's what I will call my farts from now on

[@AlienLivesMatter]

Politicians in Australia will start referring to climate fires as thermal events to play down the seriousness of it all haha

[@Dreihme]

@@chrisnewman7281 I worked in automotive engineering for one of the Big 3 for many years. We were more or less required to called it a "thermal event", especially in written documentation and correspondence for reasons that, believe it or not, were required by the legal department. This is very important to protect intellectual property in the event of a law suit or recall. Better to say, "the brake test data does not meet the engineering criteria", rather than, "the brakes fade too quickly and are dangerous"

[@mikesamyn7054]

I remember looking at this in a Ford research study using cylinder pressure analysis. The study showed very high maximum rates of pressure rises compared to gasoline. We thought that the engine would have to be structurally much more robust to accommodate the pressure loads. This was way back in 2006 or 7 when the study was presented.

[@goldeneagle2066]

Until you get into 1 car accident and with a tank full of hydrogen you'll blow everyone within 30 meters to straight to hell.

[@exploranator]

So, a diesel-like engine structure would be recommended?

[@jordanwhitecar1982]

@@exploranator my thoughts exactly. diesel-like would bypass some of the downsides presented in this video and Mike's observation.

[@egonzalezm]

does that also mean hydrogen is right now a better fuel source for heavy duty machinery like trucks and farming/construction equipment? because I think unless the weight of the engine can be sorted out to both resist high pressure but also be light; I’m not sure it could rev up despite the power increase

[@jayevans7737]

@@egonzalezm If I remember they've done diesel to hydrogen conversions with just a few attachments

[@atombaum26]

The way you always integrate the mathematics into the science of your videos makes you one of the few credible sources on the internet. Thank you for that.

[@dmfraser1444]

It is nice to get this stuff at least at a basic university level and not dumbed down. As an engineer I find videos like this do a good job of explaining just short a deep dive into high level math. With the objection to that is that it would really limit your audience. This is a good balance between going all the way into it while explaining enough. On the other hand need for the chemistry is a given these days for this level of video. Overall, a really good well balanced job

[@dominicancheif117]

Balanced, hehe

[@lp115lp]

Just proves one needn't delve too deeply into the higher maths to convey physics and chemistry. It's important to understand the 'mechanics' of processes before being thrown to the lions of calculus. As Einstein said: “Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand, while imagination embraces the entire world, and all there ever will be to know and understand.”

[@djguydan]

Diffusivity is the word of the day!

[@EngineeringExplained]

Use it with a friend, a teacher, a parent! Diffuse away!

[@SirtubalotTX]

As long as it doesn't have anything to do with farts diffusing...

[@azopene]

In order for farts to effective they must diffuse.

[@azopene]

"to be effective'

[@SirtubalotTX]

@@azopene lol. Indeed.

[@genedavis759]

Great stuff as always ! I always want to know pro's and cons of alternatives and you do that very well . Thanks !

[@CalinDee]

While not the focus of the video, at all, I think that was one of the best explanations of engine knock and its relation to octane that Ive seen around... Most 'car guy' vids manage to present it in either an extremely confusing, or flat out incorrect way. Nicely done!

[@tips4truckers252]

White board got bigger after 2 million subs. After 3 million subs will the white board be like those chalk boards are universities that have a rolling ladder?

[@GilbertoMadeira83]

4M and we can have a big auditorium.

[@chelarestelar]

@@GilbertoMadeira83 live lessons from Jason haha. I would go.

[@mychevysparkevdidntcatchfi1489]

I just saw that he only has 2M subs while PewDiePie has 75M. What's wrong with this world...

[@roguepathfinder2477]

Chevy SparkEV you meant “almost 78 mil subscribers”, right?

[@rightwingsafetysquad9872]

@@mychevysparkevdidntcatchfi1489 Most people aren't smart enough to understand these white board videos.

[@BuhlouBear]

I appreciate you the time invested in producing this video, thank you.

[@andyxox4168]

I appreciate that he gets paid for it so I understand that your appreciation is somewhat misplaced .. 🤑🤑🤑

[@davidcross3611]

Great video! Very well done and easy to understand. I did get the impression that control of the comparison leaned a bit toward gas and that naturally aspirated engines might not be the best vehicle for comparison also I would like to see an actual real world rundown comparing emissions of gasoline, nitrogen and LP

[@edwardneal4819]

Thanks man! I've been curious about Hydrogen as fuel for internal combustion engines for a long time and you just answered a boatload of (important) questions I never knew existed.

[@TechTimeWithEric]

I love all your videos, but the whiteboard videos are my favorite. I've been a subscriber since the inline 6 whiteboard video.

[@EngineeringExplained]

That's a while back, thanks for sticking around!! :)

[@patrickwatkins7572]

@@EngineeringExplained oh im so trying this tomorrow, - hho video up by friday ;-)

[@kdouglaslee]

Came to the comments to say the same thing, I haven't been around quite as long but I was just thinking the other day about your more recent videos -- I do like them quite a bit, but the whiteboard videos are my favs.

[@TechTimeWithEric]

I'm a total dork, I LOVE all the engineering nerd talk and information that you generally will not get anywhere else.

[@junoguten]

I gotta say though, the transition to his new V8 whiteboard is much appreciated.

[@minimin0425]

I should get some sort of diploma from watching every Engineering Explained videos. 🤣

[@viniciusschadeck2204]

you need to learn not just listen and forget after a day or so

[@martinkuliza]

you don't get a diploma YOU GET A MARS BAR :P

[@longboarderebright]

@@martinkuliza ive heard of those they still exist?

[@martinkuliza]

@@longboarderebright What ?? You've HEARD OF THEM huh ? HAHAHA wow of course they exist mate, you go to the local shop and you pick one up. Where do you live ? that they appear to be in short supply i'm in Australia

[@nathan40307]

Or least a college credit. You learn way more here than most colleges

[@davidstryhanyn6059]

You really took the topic cars and made it into a science i love how you explain these things man !

[@Mcfreddo]

You're so good at what you do, it's such a pleasure to learn from you man!

[@itsalgud1459]

Jason, when I opened up your video this morning and saw the crowded whiteboard behind you, I almost turned off my iPad and went back to bed!😆 Seriously, another excellent, succinct lesson on rather complicated subject. You are the number one source for this aging, retired engineer/car guy on modern automotive technology!😃 I can’t tell you how much I enjoy watching your videos. 👍

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thank you so much for watching!! :)

[@AndreAndFriends]

Who said retired engineer? There is no such a thing sir. If you need, I'll be glad to have you file some patents. I'm sure you can type? Or do voice to text? Stay sharp. All the best.

[@AndreAndFriends]

@FAWEXX don't get me started on German cars.

[@itsalgud1459]

PolskaWalczaca 😆

[@AndreAndFriends]

@@itsalgud1459 👍🍺

[@scarea2691]

Impressive like to view ratio

[@EngineeringExplained]

Yeah, KZbin's algorithm is a bit choppy today, so unfortunately the video didn't get pushed out much. There were basically zero views for an hour or so on KZbin, and I happened to schedule my video during that window (I post the same time every week haha).

[@bleebleblahble8833]

Engineering Explained Is this a Honda Clarity review teaser?

[@scarea2691]

@@bleebleblahble8833 He wouldn't say that haha.

[@alanchidley2745]

Outstanding lesson. You never cease to amaze me.

[@John-gj9db]

I e been a mechanic 40 years and this is the best tutorial I’ve ever watched. Thanks for posting this 😊

[@corynorell3686]

Had to click when I saw that whiteboard in the preview.

[@williamdowling7718]

Wow... Your subtle little hand motion that accompanied your mention of a 4 stroke engine was what finally made it click in my head... I finally understand what that means.. And I can't believe I've been unsure about that for so long... It's so much simpler than I made it in my head.

[@petriepretorius4085]

like always, GREAT CONTENT!! Thank you so much for your efforts on producing these highly informative videos...

[@sumcalme_miller3363]

As all ways, White board skills are on point

[@IceyJunior]

always*

[@phillipdale6765]

Jason excellent as always..im requesting all my children watch all your videos ..great educational tools...i try and explain these concepts to them..they think im a mad man....your videos help them understand and appreciate the concepts. .excellent. thank you

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thanks for sharing with your kids Phillip! Hopefully they're not too bored with them haha.

[@phillipdale6765]

@@EngineeringExplained you do a great job..!!

[@mlt6322]

@@EngineeringExplained So what would happen to the NO2 level and the combustion process if you added a typical nitrous plate below the throttle body and instead of injecting Nitrous oxide you injected a spray of water to cool the burn? Would it help lower the temp and lower the NO2 in the exhaust?

[@howardlake6178]

Absolutely brilliant. So many points, so well explained. One question. The NOx, is it higher than a Diesel engine? Oh, 2 questions! Is it possible to collect the NOx, in a device such as a catalytic converter, or diesel particulate filter? Thanks 😀

[@dragrace4fun]

As always, to the point and greatly put together and explained. Now subscribed, brother, as I've seen a few of yours pop up and learned about a bunch in all of them, to include your video breaking down EV vs gasoline engineering.

[@darmou]

With Hydrogen you can still step on the gas :)

[@JamesUKE92]

With hydrogen you can actually step on the gas. Petrol is a liquid under standard conditions, so no idea why some people keep referring to it as a “gas”. 🤣

[@RichardRhal1]

@@JamesUKE92 Because in the states it is called gasoline not petrol.

[@bluelichen9696]

Tonight I'll fly

[@EtheralDreamer]

@@JamesUKE92 because it atomizes before ignition?

[@borysnijinski331]

Can you with a diesel?

[@Dan_AYP]

Hydrogen be like "I NEVER KNOCKED ON NOBODY!"

[@EngineeringExplained]

And you know what! It was YOU!

[@Dan_AYP]

Haha love it! Thanks for the reply man, means a lot. You're one of the reasons I'm creating on KZbin myself on my own channel! Always loved your work man, please check out mine, any criticism or advice would be warmly welcomed! 👍

[@starvalkyrie]

Lol... it's funny that at this point this is a dated reference. I wonder how many people got it. It still works out of context so I'm not sure I can just count the likes.

[@allangibson8494]

The big problem with hydrogen is fuel leaks. Hydrogen will leak through steel tanks with little difficulty. It also tends to form bubbles under overhanging roofs unless they are vented. This means that any enclosed space around a hydrogen tank will have hydrogen present, the wide air fuel ratio will mean the gas mixture will be explosive (the absolute lower explosive limit being about 1.5% hydrogen in air). This translates as having to make the interior of the car a legally defined electrical hazardous area, requiring all the wiring to be either explosion proof or intrinsically safe.

[@tombombadil3185]

@@allangibson8494 Perhaps you didn't know, more house fires that are not arson are started by an electrical short in a car in an attached garage than anything else. Ask your insurance agent why attached garages increase premium cost. Also, spilled gasoline fumes will hug the ground without air stirring. H2 will 'float' away if vented. But yeah, hydrogen is much more difficult to contain.

[@PNH-sf4jz]

Always enjoy your explanations, thank you. Cheers, Peter

[@championapp]

Damn, you're good! I'm 55 and am amazed at your equations and explanations of them. Way to go!

[@KingBoneezee]

This is like the opposite of being exposed to lead at an early age

[@lorenzhartl8466]

What?

[@cukka99]

@@lorenzhartl8466 Being exposed to lead at an early age stunts intellectual development. This channel does the opposite.

[@Christopher_1775]

🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 🤣🤣🤣🤣 🤣🤣🤣 🤣🤣 🤣... 🤔

[@bobjones1885]

I love the fact you hardly ever repeat yourself

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thanks bob! I try to only if it seems necessary. Easy to play it back, after all. :)

[@kutzbill]

As a retired Engineer, and having sat through more meetings than any person should have had to, it's a rare trait. Great job. PS, an actual argument between two PhD's, "Did not," "Did too!" "Did not!" "Did too!" I got looks of distain because I'd sit in the corner and laugh.

[@clivewinters7479]

That was a great presentation, expertly explained, about the best I’ve heard on this subject. Thank you

[@stevelowale9902]

Jason,Your an excellent professor and your a professional teacher. Thanks for your time..!

[@dimdiminside]

When i start this video and see those white board, you know something about to get serious. Great video, i love it.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thanks! Hydrogen combustion engines are pretty neat!

[@gabmik38]

This young man is awesome in explaining things

[@Boerikoe]

Excellent overview of the differences - TOP ! Thank you.

[@frankpham1782]

Toyota just did the unthinkable; a Corolla with a HCE.

[@davidwillard7334]

I'm STILL ! Waiting !! For !! The ! CELICA ! XT !! and LT ! Models ! To be in The SHOWROOM !!

[@TheDemiVis]

I'd love a video on hydrogen combustion vs hydrogen fuel cell. I'm sure it'll end up being similar to your EV vs ICE video, but I'm sure there are subtlties there that are worth explaining/exploring

[@didntwanttocreateachannelj2380]

"Crackpots" have been using hydrogen/oxygen mixes to ignite very lean gasoline/air mixes for years. The high combustion velocity of hydrogen makes lean gas/air mixtures burn fast and complete enough to be useful.

[@carlosandleon]

yeah but that's just an ignition supplement. It's not the main fuel source, it also cannot be. It just makes the burn more efficient

[@carlosandleon]

You're talking about HHO are you?

[@BigUriel]

Problem is they're using gasoline to drive an alternator with about 50% efficiency to make that hydrogen which improves the engine's efficiency by 2% lol

[@Beeonnet-ur4ul]

I was experimenting with HHO for years.... Then I bought a M3P. Farewell H2....

[@787brx8]

Advancing ignition timing, once I reduced engine knock is more promising than using hydrogen. This gives more time for each combustion event, resulting in more power and better efficiency. Too bad, I am going to scrap/destroy my working anti-knock prototype. Dealing with the auto industry has too many pot holes filled with.... holes.

[@paullevers1095]

Awesome delivery. Very easy to understand. A great education. Thank you. Kind regards Paul 🇬🇧

[@TrueDrezzer]

thanks, I really learned a lot about this fuel type; good way of explaining!!

[@thrunsguinneabottle3066]

Nice euphemistic use of language. Last month Notre Dame Cathedral had a "thermal event".

[@Recreationaltrespasser]

@Edmond Schwab indeed it did.

[@jonathangarzon2798]

Nah it had a non european immigration event

[@rishi5134]

I am pursuing automobile engineering and your videos help me a lot. Keep posting such content.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Glad you enjoy the content, and best of luck in the engineering world!

[@gasdive]

It's just slightly disturbing that the next generation of engineers is learning from KZbin

[@sand0decker]

@@gasdive why? They would have learned a lot from the people around them before. So long as they look into what they are trying to implement more before they do it (to fix any misconceptions), this is ok

[@HoosierDaddy_]

Keep learning from several sources. It's just another tool in your arsenal. Good luck.

[@ForensicCats]

Well done... thank you for sharing.

[@canative2468]

Thank you for a great video, I learned a lot, please keep them coming

[@arturgrams9189]

You have to do a video about Microwave Ignition (MWI AG). On their website they state it could reduce fuel consumption and emissions up to 30 percent!

[@randallcromer66]

Wow, I had no idea exactly how comply the modern engine was. But you did a amazing job of explaining it. Thank's for all your time and effort in making this video, I appreciate it because it has totally changed the way I see my car's engine. I'm glad I found your channel and I did subscribe to it, please keep up the AWESOME work and I'll keep coming back for more.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Thanks for watching Randall!

[@calebgriffiths9062]

Absolutely love the fast paced presentation. Covered the bases so quickly and yet totally understandable. Brilliant! Thanks

[@staninjapan07]

Wow, what a great job you did with this. Thanks.

[@3-E]

BMW built a hydrogen powered v12 7-series in the mid-2000's. It could be run or gas or hydrogen and I think they made like 100 or so of them.

[@sebastianm.4632]

They stopped it due to problems cause by hydrogen. Hydrogen makes most metals brittle over time.

[@sand0decker]

@@sebastianm.4632 most people only keep their car for a few years anyways. I'm surprised the automobile companies don't use hydrogen more to validate that wasteful use. I wish I had the time to modify an engine into a hydrogen engine

[@HuntingTarg]

@@sand0decker Hydrogen has its own operating parameters that must be designed for; and again, hydrogen can diffuse into metals under heat and pressure, disrupting their alloy configuration and changing their properties. Hydrogen is obnoxiously difficult stuff to work with (what with being a perfect fluid, flammable, combustible, etc; Elon Musk cited the "pain-in-the-@$$ factor" as one of the reasons for switching over to methane-LOX from LH2-LOX), and running a gasoline-designed engine block on H2 can cause more problems than running it on ethanol.

[@sand0decker]

@@HuntingTarg I meant that as in a city use vehicle. Most people only go short distances and don't maintain their own vehicle, so as far as they are concerned, less gas is good. Just because something is hard to design for doesn't necessarily mean it's not worth the effort. I'm not sure, but I think some of our city buses use hydrogen. I think one of them had a logo saying it. It could have been a test item though, I did go to a college in the capital of my country

[@Harry-TramAnh]

@@sand0decker did you really just say people only keep their cars for a few years so we can afford the engine degrading faster?

[@r.o.5594]

Very well explained! I liked it a lot! You have condensed in 14 mins the foundatios of a large part of my PhD thesis! Continue doing so interesting videos :)

[@rubiconklbrutorowman7577]

Thanks 4 eye opening information 2 rest of us dummies 4 all the pro, cons, n similarities.

[@Based_Is_Best]

Do you think metal embrittlement would be an issue with hydrogen? Also, do you think direct injection of pure O2 instead of naturally aspirating could offset some of the downsides of using H in an ICE? (ignoring, momentarily, the risks of putting a pure fuel and pure oxidizer in close proximity to each other..) Finally, great video! 👍

[@annekecornee]

How do you want to extract the O2 from the air that enters the engine?

[@justinweatherford8129]

@@annekecornee very likely by using a liquid oxygen tank, but that would increase weight and reduce efficiency.

[@seanb3516]

Yup, Hydrogen Embrittlement was exactly what I was wondering about. I also realized this is a big problem for Fuel Cell vehicles as well. During ignition and burn at high pressure there certainly would be a tiny amount of high temp ionized hydrogen atoms. These would work their way into almost anything. Glad to see someone else thought of this as well.

[@brucefrank6119]

And much like the hydrogen, the Oxygen will be expensive to obtain, but as a by product of the hydrogen production. BTW, electrolysis of water about equals the energy obtained by the combustion of H₂ and O₂. and that energy will still come from remote power stations burning hydrocarbons, with greater than 50% energy loss in transmission.

[@seanb3516]

@@brucefrank6119 Oxygen is a byproduct of Electrolysis of Water to produce Hydrogen However...Most Hydrogen Is Produced By Steam Reformation of Methane. As I understand it the products of Steam Reformation are Hydrogen and CO2 (or it could be just Carbon. Been a while since I did the studying). As for Electrolysis being equal in energy consumption to the amount of energy produced by burning H2 and O2 I believe you will find Electrolysis to be less efficient. Also it is important that we don't confuse Thermal Watts with Electrical Watts. They are very different in terms of looking at efficiencies. As for transmission losses...sheeeeee...don't get me started!

[@akdomun]

Beautiful! I'm glad you explained all this and cleared the many myths around this topic.

[@mea01132001]

Out of all topics concerning mechanics this is my favorite. Very nice comparative breakdown. Thank you

[@EngineeringExplained]

Glad you enjoyed it, thanks for watching!

[@emzee586]

Duck. I was looking for an easy explanation. Not a reminder as to why I didn’t major in math. Love it.

[@poovaneswaransupramaniam19]

Cool video E/E...as usual amazing informative video...keep up the good work

[@nicolashabash5804]

It would be nice to have a summation that included highway efficiency of current Hydrogen cars or cost to run per thousand miles.

[@EugVR6]

The Brian Cox of internal combustion engineering delivers another great video 😎

[@hereigoagain5050]

Modern teaching methods recommend 5 minutes of instruction followed by 10 minutes of group exercises followed by 20 minute debrief about students' feelings. EE is so old school. :)

[@TheAviator16]

This was very thorough and easy to understand, thank you! I'm excited to see technology in the hydrogen sector grow to the point of functionality and ease of use. This video had my brain buzzing with ideas

[@goldeneagle2066]

It will never happen. Hydrogen is too volatile. You get into a small 20mph collision and everyone involved dies with less than 5 gallons of hydrogen in the tank, plus you'll kill everyone within 10 meters, and injure anyone within 100 meters.

[@TheAviator16]

@@goldeneagle2066 I agree hydrogen is volatile. Although that doesn't mean it will never happen. Hydrogen cars are already coming to market, and it travels in the air fast enough to not be as explosive. Now if a truck full of it crashed that would be a different story. It's the most abundant gas on the planet, there's no telling how far technology will go. Keep an open mind:)

[@BobMcCoy]

*_Elon Musk has left the chat_*

[@Sickboyfriend]

Not really, H2 is still subject to fuel transportation limitation. You need H2 station infrastructure that is orders of magnitude more expensive than charging stations. Charging station infrastructures are not that bad in U.S. anymore, but H2 station infractructure is almost non-existent.

[@DrummerBoii1411]

Han and the best companies to do that are Petronas, Shell. They already have an infrastructure that can be modified and scaled for hydrogen for not much cost. But as soon a they spend and start selling they’ll most likely gain back what they spent and still profit as usual. Smaller companies will struggle but it’s still feasible

[@triggermovies]

@@DrummerBoii1411 If I remember correctly, the problem with H2 isn't just the infrastructure cost, it's also the production. With today's technology, H2 production is less efficient than lithium batteries.

[@hyric8927]

@@Sickboyfriend -- I think HFCEVs could work for applications other than passenger vehicles. In cases where refueling has to be kept at a minimum in both duration and frequency while uptime has to be maximized, the drawbacks of fuel cells versus batteries start to become an acceptable price to pay. Heavy transport such as buses, cargo trucks and service trucks won't need as much infrastructure investment since only a single H₂ refueling station in a bus depot can provide for that entire fleet. The same can be said about trucks and trains.

[@Cerberus984]

@@triggermovies Lithium has a storage capacity limitation while *excess hydrogen* production could be injected into existing natural gas infrastructure. Where deep offshore wind power would be the only ideal source of hydrogen. As doubling of wind speed increases potential energy outout by eight. So a 2 MW wind turbine @ 12 mph wind would make around 16 MW @ 24 mph wind. To clarify, I'm not suggesting electrical cables being ran that far. What I'm proposing is pumping hydrogen that distance as it's cheaper and lighter than running electrical cables far distances. Once reaching land half should go towards dedicated hydrogen gas powered turbines for power generation that would recover water from the exhaust stream assisting water management. The remainder should be used for alternative fuel feed stocks such as methane or methanol. Sabatier process combines hydrogen + CO2 to produce methane, AKA CNG. Hydrogen + carbon monoxide can be processed to make methanol. Both these processes require heat that should ideally siphon it from existing power generation decreasing cooling tower demand and technically increase power plant efficiency. As it would be considered a combined heat and power generation plant.

[@user-wn3cw6fq7p]

Watching the video 24 hours later i got a question in ICE exam about the difference between gasoline and hydrogen engines THANK YOU ENGINEERING EXPLAINED

[@TheSunseeker007]

Now I understand a lot more about Hydrogen and the difference of gasoline in combustion ! Thank you for your great video !!!

[@siddharthbhasker208]

HI i actually love your channel as it clears my doubts in seconds

[@ThangPham-ol8fy]

i want hydrogen rotary engine

[@user-qx7tm5df8j]

wouldnt make ANY sense but yeah why not lul

[@skimmer9016]

ECO-doritos. 🍂 🌎

[@ShaunHensley]

no

[@GustSergeant]

@@pigsnoutman needs a rotary engine that doesn't use Doritos as it's rotor

[@starvalkyrie]

Mazda already built one of these. Fast flame propagation would be nice, but since hydrogen has even less lubrication properties than gasoline I imagine the oiling system is more taxed. It'd be cool and I'm a rotary fanboy but I don't see how something like that goes mass market.

[@ilyayaremkevych4354]

Thanks for the splendid presentation, you've helped me a lot!

[@artco77]

Excellent. Keep up the good work.. Pounding away on a subject that few of us understand.

[@charliet4678]

In England JCB have developed a Hydrogen engine which works without the problems you think they will have, it's running and it works, so watch it

[@FerretMasterXX]

My god! Physics for the masses.....,and I love it!

[@TheKoki4]

I really like your educational approach and dedication to teaching! Along with my Automotive engineering studies, you are helping immensely to develop even a reacher knowledge filament! Thank you!

[@Tony290248]

Thank you so much for this vid. Like many people I thought the only output from hydrogen fuel was water. I had no idea that when the stoichiometric ratio approaches that of petrol (gas) ie 1:34 that nox is produced as well. Not a problem because it can be neutralised with urea, but lets hope they build one better than the current Bosch offering installed in my MB. It keeps failing and costs thousands of dollars to keep fixing it!!!!! I learnt more about this subject in 14 mins than in my preceding 73 years - well done indeed.

[@nunyabinniss201]

Good stuff. I was hoping for info on water vapor as a by-product and it's effects on engine oil due to natural blow-by of the piston rings. Also 'steam cleaning' effects on any oil on the cylinder walls and how it may effect ring lubrication. A stainless exhaust would be mandatory too.

[@exploranator]

Gasoline and diesel already produce water in combustion, and yes, exhausts should be stainless by law, I think.

[@timprosser186]

Excellent presentation, so thank you.

[@earlystrings1]

Careful! Thermal events can lead to spontaneous disassembly! Great video.

[@sheli4239]

And this is what I try to explain to every tech who thinks that they can supplement an engine with a 12 volt hydrogen generator. Great video. Thanks for your time.

[@mikekramer7737]

Thanks, good overview. Note that liquification requires almost 100 degree lower temperature than methane, making it less suitable for transport than natural gas (LNG).

[@Papa-zh4ym]

Love your talks about the many topics very informative and easy to follow this one of my favorite channels

[@joedance14]

Thank-you, that was very informative. Always enjoy your presentations.

[@giovannisegat4447]

thank you very much for the explanation! can you recommend specific articles where they are explained in writing? it is for a thesis research

[@abasilioss]

very nice presentation and giving enough information for the fuel cell..it is previously thought that it does not have combustion engine...but you made it clear that there is a combustion but there is no fuel mixture but Hydrogen compressed injected to the pistons

[@TupmaniaTurning]

Beautifully explained - I learnt something today! 👍🏻

[@rodrigocastillo872]

Hey man, what a great video, thank you for sharing this knowledge

[@veesoho93]

Thank you for the info, i can't help but feeling a bias or a lack of neutrality, buvin genral great info

[@Heraclitean]

That was so clear and well explained. Thank you.

[@twertygo]

That sounds awesome. So if the future of cars gets into hydrogen fuel cells, there will still be a great (and better) option for car enthusiasts to drive a combustion engine. There are a few issues, but I am sure they will be overcome rather fast.

[@YaketyYakDontTalkBack]

Yes. I'm so excited for this video. Haven't even watched it yet. But I'm glad he's talking about hydrogen. Don't know if it will be about ice or fuel cell but I'm here for it.

[@EngineeringExplained]

Engines! Hoping that makes it clear it's about combustion, and the thumbnail haha. :)

[@donberg01]

Great vid from an engineering perspective, could you do the same presentation W/other combustible fuels?

[@egonzalezm]

this was very clear cut and straightforward; thank you!!

[@Gooloso98]

Damm great video, well explained. In-depth tutorial!! 👏👏👏

[@daniepretorius6594]

Very interesting thank you for this intro. I was just a bit curious whether you could further put flame advance speed into perspective. You mention that the speed is much lower when running lean, but it would be interesting to get a feeling for how much lower. So let's say would it be significantly slower than gasoline if you were to bring it down to for example 180:1?

[@exploranator]

Sounds like timing can be adjusted both with spark timing and mixture proportion.

[@georgeanthony9481]

Simple and easy to understand. Thankyou very much!

[@ikstrucking3289]

He got so much better, almost quit talking through the nose, quite impressive change for a better speaker. Used to drive me nuts, I would just skip it, now I listen! Impressed.

[@jakeyaboi6824]

Hydrogen just seems like such a good fuel for the future. As energy dense as oil based fuels and with less emissions. It can also be created cleanly in limitless amounts using seawater and renewable energy sources.

[@feonor26]

Not quite true. It is indeed very much higher in energy density per kg, 141-120 MJ/kg at 690 bar where gasoline is 46.4 MJ/kg. The problem of hydrogen is that the gas itself if not very dense and if you see in the table concerning volume it has a energy density on about 5 MJ/L.

[@Erowens98]

@@feonor26 yes. But hydrogen, unlike gasoline, can be compressed. So you can mitigate the volumetric density issue by pressuring it. You could also use liquid hydrogen, though thats significantly more challenging because you have to cool it to 20k. Pressurized hydrogen still isn't as volumetrically dense as gasoline. But its closer. And because its also much more efficient, you don't need to carry as much for the same range. So with hydrogen using the same tank space, you'll lose maybe 15-25% of the range. Which will still put it well above EVs. Also note, lithium batteries are fucktons less dense than even hydrogen.

[@feonor26]

@@Erowens98 Yeah lithium ion batteries sucks balls compared to gasoline and hydrogen when we talk energy density. It functions okay on city driving etc., but those people who wants to put batteries in a plane? Lol...dream on. Unless we're going to get our hands on a super safe, super efficient alien battery technology soon, it's not gonna happen.

[@Erowens98]

@@feonor26 yeah, not to mention towing any significant load. You get less than half the range.

[@olifyne6761]

@@Erowens98 compressing the hydrogen will makeit much less eficient, a lot of energy in needed to do it, thus making it unviable