The Future Most Powerful Countries: Who Holds all the Rare Earth Metals? - TLDR News

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Rare earth elements are very important, and only going to get more so in recent years. So in this video we discuss where these rare and important metals actually are - and as such which countries hold the cards in the future...
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1 - www.americangeosciences.org/c...
2 - www.americangeosciences.org/c...
3 - pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2014/3078/pd...
4 - pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5220/
5 - irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA...
6 - www.statista.com/statistics/2...
7 - www.woodmac.com/press-release...
8 - www.irena.org/publications/20...
9 - publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu...
10 - www.iea.org/reports/the-role-...
11 - www.visualcapitalist.com/rare...
12 - www.scientificamerican.com/ar...
13 - web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2016/...
14 - worldview.stratfor.com/articl...
15 - irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA...
16 - Rare Earth Frontiers, Julie Michelle Klinger
17 - www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-1...
18 - Rare Earth Frontiers, Julie Michelle Klinger
19 - qz.com/1998773/japans-rare-ea...
20 - americanrareearths.com.au/la-...
21 - www.japantimes.co.jp/news/202...
22 - www.reuters.com/article/us-us...
23 - www.reuters.com/business/ener...

[@dr.gordontaub1702]

I enjoy TLDR videos and subscribe. The use of Rare Earth Metals in wind turbines is something I know a great deal about, and a lot that is stated in this video is either out of date, or not completely correct. Not all Wind Turbine designs use REEs. Indeed as of 2015 only about 23% of installed wind turbines by capacity used the type of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) that are REE intensive. At the time this number was expected to increase as wind turbines became larger and moved off shore. But the opposite has occurred as wind turbine manufactures have become more comfortable with low maintenance gear boxes (transmissions) and the heavy use of REEs has been identified as an issue. Many of the major wind turbine manufactures have either already moved away from the use of REE or have promised that they will by a target date nearby target date. Why are (or were) REE used in wind turbines? Large wind turbines rotate slowly and most electrical generators are only efficient if they rotate quickly. This means a wind turbine needs to either 1) have a transmission to convert the high torque low speed of the turbine rotor to a high speed low torque shaft connected to a generator. or 2) design a generator that is efficient at low speeds. Electrical generators can either use electromagnets or permanent magnets. High quality permanent magnets are made with REEs. One way to design a generator to be efficient at low speeds is to add more poles, which means pairs of magnets. Electromagnets are bulkier than permanent magnets, so if you want to do away with the transmission and have the generator tied directly to the wind turbine rotor (Direct Drive) you will likely need A LOT of REEs. But as I said, turbine manufactures have moved away from this topography as they have learned to manufacture lower maintenance transmissions. If you are interested on a research article on this topic try searching for "Substitution strategies for reducing the use of rare earths in wind turbines" by Pavel et al, 2017 in the journal of Resources Policy Volume 52 pages 349-357. I am less familiar with the use of REEs in electric cars but my understanding is that they are used in the electric motors, and like with wind turbines, alternative motor topographies are available if REEs become to expense.

[@donmathew9370]

That was actually really useful and interesting, especially to someone who has no clue about this. Thank you for that comment.

[@varghesebobus1756]

I wish there were more people like you in the KZbin comment section giving unbiased data with sources.

[@scratchy996]

True, REEs are becoming less relevant. BMW released an electric car without REEs in its motor.

[@DavidWilson-sm2ym]

Scandium and yttrium are not Rare-Earth Metals according to we chemists. The Actinoids & Lanthanoids are. Also, ppm = parts-per-million, not "parts-per-minute" (@10:08).

[@michaelf7093]

Chemically, that's true. (I'm a chemist also) But they occur together in nature, and are traded as a group.

[@_utahraptor]

He did say pp million before, it slipped away that time

[@Bobbydyland]

Need to invest more in recycling.

[@IanHobday]

REEs aren't rare, they're spread pretty evenly throughout the crust. The problem is that because they are so spread out, extracting them tends to be messy, polluting, and expensive. Countries where labor is cheap and pollution is overlooked tend to extract a lot of REEs which is why it looks like they are more common in some places than others. The reality is that we need to work on developing cleaner & more economical ways of extracting REEs.

[@MrJuanmarin99]

The thing is that rare earth elements, unlike petroleum,don't get destroyed by the use. So its also wise if you don't have any to buy the biggest quantity the cheapest posible as soon as posible and then start reusing them.

[@fajaradi1223]

And make sure that the process isn't much more expensive than importing it.

[@Sparticulous]

America corporations do not want to subsidize recycling programs. They don’t even want to pay taxes if they do at all

[@recarras]

@@fajaradi1223 Thats the issue. Cellphones use very little amounts of REE, so its very costly recicle them. I guess it's something that will be relevant in the future.

[@Jay_Johnson]

That is a pretty bad comparison one is a metal and one is a molecule. We can reuse Petroleum as an energy storage system (shit system but still possible) by synthetically making it.

[@loremipsum7ac]

@@recarras but batteries contain a lot

[@iamseamonkey6688]

9:07 Thanks Alex for the photo! We appreciate it!

[@Lakshya_Plays_Minecraft]

Afganistan has a LOT of rare earth elements

[@jirachi-wishmaker9242]

Lithium heaven

[@fajaradi1223]

Taliban govs must have been busy on deciding whether REEs mining is Halal or not.

[@My-Name-is-Khan]

That’s the reason for never ending war

[@philj9681]

China is also the patent monopoly in this industry. China holds way more rare-earth element patents than the rest of the world.

[@maafkanaku0077]

Indonesia has recently also discovered rare earths in many places.one of which is in lumpurlapindo.this natural disaster found its content of rare earths.

[@graham1034]

I believe the numbers in the video are "proven" reserves. The actual amount available for mining is likely much higher than reported in large countries like Russia, Canada, Australia, and the US. From what I've heard in the past, the main issue with developing other sources of rare earths is that China's predatory trade practices make it extremely risky to compete. For example, say a new mine opens in Australia producing a specific rare earth, China may just decide to dump it on the market to lower the price and put that company out of business. China also keeps the long game in mind and will take a loss for years or potentially decades just to corner an industry. The fact that the Chinese government has this kind of control is the primary reason for all of the trade disputes with China.

[@AA-qo5nw]

tariff and minimum price the product can sell ( for those which escape tariff)

[@graham1034]

@@AA-qo5nwseems like that would just drive all related manufacturing out of the country

[@todo9633]

There's also the relative lack of prospecting in some countries, America for example, because of regulations complicating the process and exploitation. Countries often prefer to import and save their own reserves.

[@Homer-OJ-Simpson]

What you said is true and I will add that got many years, western countries avoided rare earth mining because it was horrible for the environment. China, certainly 10-20 years ago, didn’t care about the environment.

[@Homer-OJ-Simpson]

@@todo9633 mining these elements are extremely horrible for the people environment and the west avoided such mining for that reason while China 20 years ago as they Began mining in large qty, didn’t care for the environment even compared to the US.

[@MiningTheWorldYT]

This is one of the best summaries I've seen of the importance of rare earth elements. However, while you mention US concern over China’s rare earths monopoly (7:42) and the law prohibiting defense contractors from using Chinese REEs from 2025 (9:17), you curiously missed what I think is the main reason for the bipartisan US concern. Answer: rare earths are critical to a range of defense applications including the F-35 and other advanced fighter jets (although defense only makes up 5% of US REE consumption), and therefore China’s dominance over the value chain gives it an important hand it can play in a military conflict - something Washington got a preview of with China's blockage of shipments to Japan (8:06).

[@Sparticulous]

Greenland wants companies to pay compensation for extracting the rare earths. American companies want to take it for free without taxes Same in WV, they could extract it from coal waste;however, wv will not approve resource extraction again for free after coal companies left the state a mess and without a dime

[@Sparticulous]

@Zaydan Naufal trump wanted to buy it

[@Steve_the_Radroach]

@@Sparticulous Imagine being that far removed from reality

[@shivanshna7618]

Yeah I mean it's fair enough you use land and resources you pay prices for it and pay taxes good for west Virginia and Greenland don't be a doormat

[@gideonmele1556]

@@Steve_the_Radroach There were offers to buy Greenland from Denmark a few times (Danish interest in said offers varied over the years). During and right after WW2 would probably have been the most likely time for a sale to have happened

[@Steve_the_Radroach]

@@gideonmele1556 I'd say before or duing WWI would have been the most opportune time, since we did sell our West Indian colonies to the US. Thinking that we would, or could for that matter, sell Greenland today, is a testament to just how oblivious some world leaders may be in regards to other nations, let alone their allies

[@ianbelanger7459]

The point at ~10:00 is the most important. REE mines produce low grade uranium and thorium ores, which the West has no processing system for and no will to convert into clean energy. Therefore, embracing nuclear power as a system will allow for more environmentally sound extraction to be used on REE and supply supplemental clean power.

[@michaelthomas5433]

And what to do with the mountains already full of nuclear waste? And whatever amount will be added to that?

[@ianbelanger7459]

@@michaelthomas5433 All the nuclear waste produced in the US since the 1950's would cover 1 football field to a depth of 30 feet almost all of which can be recycled into new fuel. Transitioning to Thorium reduces waste output by 85%, making the problem one of perception more so than fact.

[@michaelthomas5433]

@@ianbelanger7459 Perception on someones part.

[@wolfgangrenner4152]

You should discuss, how far REM can be substituded with other materials / technologies ! For example in a Wind turbine only magnets may depend on REM. Using traditional electric excited mashines may lower the effeciency for some percents. So a non REM Wind turbine may need little longer wings, to reach the same power. Also Tesla tries to replace REM with different technical approaches to avoid the high depency from China. This replacement from Rare Material is the main future task for western world industries. More over does the West produce Mobile Phones (Handys) and other Computer stuff (which contains REM) ? No the West have no such industries !! Every thing in Computer stuff is produced in China independend of REM conflict.

[@_utahraptor]

Who is rem

[@NotDumbassable]

German detected (Handy = mobile phone)

[@wolfgangrenner4152]

@@_utahraptor rem is RareEarthMetals, logical ?

[@affemitwaffe2696]

That is just way to expensive because the wind Mill will get of wearn faster and repairs are then more frequently

[@dtrellis]

I hope REM is made automatic for the people, or it’s the end of the world as we know it

[@daniellarson3068]

Maybe someone could mention that Thorium occurs with rare earth elements. Right now people are worried about the uranium that used to be supplied by Russia. Thorium can be used in reactors as well. Instead of worrying about the stuff that occurs when mining rare earth elements, maybe it could be either sold or stockpiled as a future resource.

[@alxa4739]

You can def make a wind turbine with few if any REEs, it would just be a bit less efficient and bulkier

[@KhaalixD]

Great video!

[@Geomaverick124]

I feel what might wind up happening is a switch to Solar and nuclear power...especially since Solar panels don't rely heavily on rare earth metals. I can see solar panels become integrated with all types of devices and industries...There could come a time when Solar panels become integrated with cars, phones, homes, and planes. Imagine electric cars being able to double or even triple the length of time in between charges just because solar panels have been integrated with them (currently most electric vehicles can go 250 miles on a charge with Tesla cars doing about 350 miles)

[@ydk1k253]

It's morbin time

[@MrDadyD]

No.. west best option is go get more friendly with Brasil, and Vietnam, while helping Australia and India increase their extraction.

[@ender8759]

I agree.

[@rizkyadiyanto7922]

why not cut the middle men and be friendlt with china?

[@italom8784]

Me as a Brazilian, i prefer the BRICS+ side.

[@bell-xk5dd]

US and Japan used to leech on China for the past 30 years for rare earth, and this is precisely the real reason why Apple set up factories in China to produce iPads and iPhones, because China has all the rare earth they could use. Now China stopped supplying rare earth to the US, you are already thinking of leeching on Brazil, Vietnam and India ? Now these countries are getting smarter, why would they toil and you get all the benefits? Greed and selfishness define you leeches

[@metarus208]

One of your best videos!

[@bangscutter]

Russia: has oil and gas China: has rare earth elements West: we hate you both politically, but we are dependent on you both economically

[@william2496]

Because of Uranium and REEs, I think that Kazakstahn and Mongolia will become super powers shortly

[@Wiki8Will]

As an Australian, I feel like we need to diversify from China after starting a trade war with us for no real reason.

[@MrMediator24]

What do you expect from dictatorial reactionary regime, having proper reasons?

[@Alex-pj8nz]

That's due to your ex PM.

[@tomdiprose4354]

Bloody oath mate

[@tomdiprose4354]

@@Alex-pj8nz correct

[@Sparticulous]

Aukus

[@StevieFQ]

If recent events proved anything, it's that it takes two to avoid war. And while we might not want war for fear of damaging the societies we built after WW2, our societies might end up significantly more damaged if we rely on a purely appeasement strategy just for the sake of avoiding any war.

[@noone-td8rc]

👎👎

[@FreshMedlar]

No matter the situation, war does not help. There is nothing more damaging than war, including a dictatorship regime, which infact include the use of the military, basically a war between the population and the government. I think any soldier who fought in the 2 ww would have accepted anything rather than repeating the war.

[@watershed8685]

@@FreshMedlar so if threatened Americans should let China conquer Hawaii and turn Pacific into their lake they will hold with tyranny and fear of obliteration? Nope, thank you. War (not all wars but as a concept) came into being because world has always been ripe with people who are drunk on power and greed for ever more, who will take and take and take from you as long as you don’t repel them. The very nature of humans that used to live in tight-knit communities and share, it compels them to confront those who disregard their legitimate interests. It is only held back by conventions (laws) and reason. If you break them or abide by differing reasoning, at best they will be distrustful of you. The world needs to work harder to find common reasoning and reach conventions, for the alternative is plunging back into war. But those at the helm of nations often undermine this, for they desire to preserve and multiply their own power, and what is the cheapest way to do it than to stoke hatred towards the neighbor, breed resentment, dehumanize others. Tell me you don’t see it in Russia or China. Tell me they aren’t beating drums of war. Tell me they aren’t breaking the conventions and defy the logic of peaceful coexistence in a most blatant manner. Tell me!

[@aidenhall8593]

What are you implying? That invaded countries have a responsibility to avoid war?

[@Ben-oc6go]

👍👍👍

[@mani8050]

There's a decommissioned foundry in Canada that they are in the process of recommissioning it. They've found lots of REE around that area, both Canadian and American side of the boarder. Hopefully Electra Battery Materials Corp will be able to produce enough for the west.

[@xcsheehan]

Amazing job.

[@condotiero860]

Please make more of these in depth videos.

[@markway8208]

I am glad you said "PROVEN RESERVES" as from my understanding Australia has vast quantities of all types of rare earth elements but has paid little to no attention to them in the past however a couple of years ago the Federal Government recognized the world problem with the reliance on China, and after China began their trade embargo on Australian goods the Federal Government brought this to the front of their priority list of must do's in order to place Australia as a major producer of Rare Earth minerals globally. An interesting fact is the Australian known reserves are around 4 million metric tonnes but that represents less than 1/10 of 1% of the Australian land surface and most of the mining companies are not interested in them so have not spent money on surveying for them to determine the reserves that they may have on their mining leases thus the reason why Australia is low in the list of countries proven reserves but most of the companies have stated that they indeed do have Rare Earth Minerals on them.

[@jaccurtis5789]

Hmm might be a bit too technical, but would be interesting to have a video on whether using induction generators instead of permanent magnet in wind turbines would (at least partly) limit the increase in demand.

[@lokhimtam7933]

Please elaborate?

[@jaccurtis5789]

@@lokhimtam7933 As far as I’m aware most turbines use permanent magnet generators (which need quite a lot of rare earths (mostly neodymium I think) to produce the magnets), but induction generators wouldn’t need the rare-earth magnets so should reduce reliance on them. (But might be less efficient, or harder to control the output or have some other reason they aren’t used, not sure why exactly that might be hence why I’d quite like a video on it)

[@dr.gordontaub1702]

@@jaccurtis5789 Many wind turbine designs do use induction generators. As of 2015 only about 23% of wind turbines, by capacity, use Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) that are REE intensive. ("Substitution strategies for reducing the use of rare earths in wind turbines" by Pavel et al, 2017 in the journal of Resources Policy Volume 52 pages 349-357.) At the time it was thought that this percent would increase in time, but the opposite turned out to be true as wind turbine manufactures became more comfortable designing low maintenance transmissions. The use of permanent magnet generators was due to the relatively low speed of the rotor side of large wind turbines. If the goal is to design the wind turbine without the need for a transmission, then you need to pair the rotor with a generator with a lot more poles than a typical generator so that the generator is efficient at low speeds.(In case of a synchronous generator, that is the synchronous speed matches the rotor speed.) To design an induction generator, or any type of electromagnet generator with that many poles would be difficult due to the complexity and the bulk of the windings. Thus the need for permanent magnets. But, again since the paper I referenced above was published more wind turbines have been designed that have used a transmission and are paired with induction or other electromagnet based generators. The idea that wind turbines rare earths is an idea that got stuck in the popular consciousness due to a number of semi-poorly researched articles on the subject a few years back, and it has never really left.

[@jaccurtis5789]

@@dr.gordontaub1702 Ohh interesting, didn’t know that. Thanks for clarifying :)

[@HyperScorpio8688]

Anyone else getting Call of Duty: Black Ops 2 vibes? I sure as hell do... And that didn't end well even in the game

[@aimeby7181]

true lol

[@AstonMartinDBS749]

They knew in 2012 "Really guys you're going to build an entire military on rare earth elements solely controlled by China" - Woods

[@deebil8099]

The U.S. has actually realized this and has been working on building supply chains for rare earth elements outside of China for the last couple of years. They have been pretty successful. The U.S. Australia and Japan have mostly cut themselves off from Chinese rare earth metals. The percentage of rare earth metals from China are far lower now.

[@bell-xk5dd]

Nonsense. China is at least 30 years ahead in the experience of producing different kinds of rare earth. It will take US another 10 years to catch up....now US can only resorting to use recycled rare earth...

[@theburden9920]

Copium comment i never see any progress from these bafoons

[@theburden9920]

the percentage is looks lower because china literally outsource the mining from other countries

[@benmcreynolds8581]

This is why we need to invest in modern advanced nuclear energy options. Small form reactors, LFTRs, Thorium Reactors, liquid reactors, with modern technology, engineering, material science, safety measures understandings and designs, computer technology, robotics, It will really allow any nation to be pretty much be energy independent. Less reliant on fossil fuels. They'll have efficient, stable electrical grids and the rest of the grid could experiment with alternative power sources, etc.

[@RK-cj4oc]

No. A single terrorist group, a war, any bad thing happening would depopulate over half of any european country. Europe is too populated and too small to have nuclear reactors except for the nordic countries. You nuclear pushers online always only think about peace time.

[@LECOMAYAGUA]

Privately owned North American Strategic Minerals ( NASM ) may have huge reserves of REE using a novel geologic model...,.

[@mix3k818]

4:11 Kinda wish there was greater development for public transit than just switching to electric cars

[@HimanshuSharma-oe4mk]

smart move will be to help out countries like brazil , india and vietnam - all are more or less pretty democratic, cheap labour and india and vietnam are threatened by china too. myanmar isn't here because they are canoodling with the chinese - under military regime.

[@Papinka3900]

I wish we could believe we'll need that many batteries... but there are still no viable electric scenarios for air transport, sea transport, rail transport or freight (large trucks). Individual cars don't really make an impact unless the bigger issues start getting solved.

[@thornelderfin]

What do you mean "rail transport"? All trains are already completely eletric (with very few exceptions). But yes, air transport and large freight ships are bit of a problem. However there are already many initiatives with alternative liquid and gas fuels for air transport and very heavy but efficient batteries for cargo ships. Nothing is "production ready" yet, but many different projects are being explored, at least one of them is bound to be successful.

[@randomcon123]

An important point is that while some rare earth elements can be found and mined outside of China, most of it is still processed in China. If I am not mistaken, if you look at all the rare earth mining companies, only two of them, I think, have not had part of their supply chain in China… that is a concern to the west. Considering how a Russian invasion of Ukraine has done to the western world, in terms of higher inflation and cost of living, a China invasion of Taiwan could be far worse… that said, Taiwan is much different from Ukraine… it is actually strategically important to the west (I.e. USA) so presumably the western response would not be as timid as what we saw regarding the invasion of Ukraine… not sure if that’s a good enough deterrent though in the long term

[@geraldmeehan8942]

Looks like the algae battery Anton was talking about could become very important

[@Merle1987]

If Nebula was worth it, it wouldn't have had a two year ad campaign on every single video. it would be popular already.

[@stunimbus1543]

The rarest is Promethium - only a trace, always radioactive, never primordial.

[@tobiwan001]

The best way would be to reduce use and increase recycling. Deep sea mining would be possible but is still too expensive.

[@hectordng]

Looks like I am not the only one that dislike the constant nebula pushing, even the after credits have more viewers than the nebula ad

[@curon_licentia]

Update: Now Sweden has over 1 million tons of rare earth metals

[@idraote]

First, we need to recycle them. We can't simply throw our old batteries away, from now on. Second, we need to minimise their use.

[@user-jp7mb4ns7x]

100% What we need is sophisticated recycling methods and the fundamental idea that those elements are indeed rare and precious.

[@jalenbrown1363]

And this is why we should also pour a lot of investment into producing synthetic carbon-neutral fuel. If China wants to have a monopoly of REM, fine; however, the US definitely should be positioning itself to hold a sizable share of the REM market AND make massive investments in producing and distributing synthetic petroleum-based products. (I say all of this under the assumption that we would also increase our reliance on nuclear energy as well.)

[@theburden9920]

heres the thing not only china has the monopoly on REM butalso to other minerals at the point of application. China literally went passed the West decades ago by investing and subsidizing their rare earth industry supplying loans to other countries to fund their monopoly. and these western governments think this is a mining problem 🤣🤣

[@CyberSammael]

Shout out to the animator for the image used for Lithium. I see you!

[@locke8437]

Make a video about Lithium. Lithium found in Cornwall

[@nomad4banter]

Add Turkey to the mix.

[@yourlydontknowjack]

Rare earth metals are NOT used in Li-ion batteries. None of the dominant chemistries, being NMC, NCA or LFP contain any tiny amount of it. Afaik there's a significant amount of lanthanium in Ni-MH Batteries which are being phased out. So the argument that increasing demand for batteries (which is Li-ion and futures Na-ion) is complete bogus.

[@camillo9213]

You should do a video on hydrogen Vs battery

[@AlekWheeler]

Would watch a Lithium video. Specifically, video explaining the lyrics to Nirvanas “Lithium”.

[@isseabdirahmanweheliye9010]

Now turkey just discovered a rare earth minerals reserves that would make them the second biggest in the world

[@moyndebs6759]

Folks moved their focus to oil & forgot about Rare Earths

[@davidcooks2379]

Can rare earth elements be mined from asteroids?

[@HappyCatholicDane]

The future is in space mining. In a few decades, that will be where we get such things.

[@ar1sm70]

My thoughts exactly. We always talk about space as scientific knowledge and human ingenuity, but in the end I feel that it will become mainstream for the very simple and ancient reason of money.

[@HappyCatholicDane]

@@ar1sm70 Definitely. The combination of better rockets and a.i will herald in a new era of massive space travel. Space will become the center of both mining and industry. This will especially be true once fusion power hopefully kicks in as well. Which doesn’t seem that unrealistic. When those 3 kicks in simultaneously, our economies will be completely transformed. It will be comparable to the agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution, and it will most likely start within the coming decades.

[@ar1sm70]

@@HappyCatholicDane I hope I’m alive to see at least some of it :)

[@user-jp7mb4ns7x]

Don't forget to buy your Weyland-Yutani shares before the market starts booming!

[@HappyCatholicDane]

@@user-jp7mb4ns7x You think so? They seem to have some ethical issues going on. Both in their robotic division and weapon division. Seems like a questionable investment 😉.

[@GMAH111]

Brazil is like "am I a joke to you?"

[@severindupuche2232]

Because all our uranium is under Kakadu, I don't think they're gonna restart that anytime soon (at least I hope not)

[@alexanderwu]

Why didn't you have this nebula discount when I signed up :(

[@TheMugenVideos]

Is it possible you can invest in REM?

[@harryhatter2962]

By late 2023 Australia will be producing more rare earths than Mynamar and within 5 years overtake the USA for second spot and will close in on China shortly after that, this is on current trend, production and outlook.

[@theburden9920]

lol all the rare earths that australia produce literally gets shipped to china for processing. Theres no competition here

[@skorp5677]

I think it's worth to mention that not only wind turbines need REEs for their magnets but most turbine types.

[@bizzarostev]

the thumbnail gave me cod black ops 2 flashbacks

[@CTimmerman]

Electromagnets instead of rare earth metals are said to make Tesla's regen braking simpler.

[@kisho2679]

how about the current status of mining those from asteroids?

[@kisho2679]

belong all lanthenides and actenides to the same group/family 3, even though those elements show up in 7 different rows in the table?

[@mytrashvalorantmontages9067]

Sweden atm: HiHi we prevail once more!

[@gidzzkie]

Nice

[@rchot84]

U.S. now has more, just need to get it and the infrastructure to process it.

[@zrusit9640]

Imagine digging into the ground searching for valueable metals - this post was made by space gang

[@kris5350]

10:09 parts per minute should be parts per million :-)

[@christhorney]

lol poor tasmania, atleast you were actually on this map haha but didnt get to get coloured in

[@thebogangamer1]

i can tell you now that we have way more then that , we just dont report it and we dont look for ree's.

[@MDP1702]

The difference between REM and oil/gas reliance is that REM is only needed during growth in demand. After it is in the supply chain it should remain in the supply chain and be recycled, thus lowering dependency. Moreover while REM's obviously are important, they are less important than oil and gas, essentially nearly a luxury item the lack of which can hurt, but doesn't necessarily pose an immediate danger for peoples lives and economic collapse etc.

[@JeremiaszCzeresniowiecki]

7:20 - so we need regulations to protect that industry in other countries by making unjust competition not profitable.

[@brandonhernandez116]

Ipef will fundamentally affect this!

[@amiamio92]

"Above 100 per million" is correct. You said wrongly "Above 100 per minute"

[@thetrison]

As a Vietnamese, I'm surprised that my country comes in second lol.

[@alchemist7412]

No wonder all the semiconductor manufacturing is moving to Vietnam

[@freckrpeckr]

Come on Brazil crank the REEs out!!

[@movieklump]

Recent research and advancements indicates that in 10 years REEs won't be needed.

[@bigdraco5008]

The chinese actually ship tonnes of tantalum concentrate from Ethiopia (East Africa) to China....🥲

[@rjorgeish]

Time to invest on asteroid mining ⚒ :D

[@samueltrusik3251]

Out of all possible things the West can stop relying on from China, this is probably the hardest.

[@jonathanstauty5029]

“Uranium of 100 parts per minute”??

[@nicktrevi2990]

It looks like BRICS is leading the race 😮

[@alexandramunoz4469]

What about Chile?

[@dylanshaffer2184]

Isn’t Greenland a part of Denmark?

[@arseniuss]

Space is not a option?

[@stevejohnson3357]

I am watching this video on my computer having found telepathy to be impractical.

[@kristus20]

One island can solve it all -> minami tori shima.

[@ivandimitrovivanov7584]

Every country has rare earths because they are not really rare.. But not every country invest in their extraction. ..

[@eliotanderson6554]

India was first established industry if rare earth's and had monopoly once

[@de-comm8715]

How?

[@albertoporras04]

Batteries require virtually no REEs

[@cuongdo9958]

🇻🇳 comes in 2nd. Wow. Proud of my Country.

[@themalaysianguy]

*coughs Lynas *coughs rare *coughs earths

[@nerdlingeeksly5192]

Looks like were gonna have to import rare earth ore from China and refine them, also put them on priority 1 recycling and never export them

[@Drastt]

🗺️

[@birchtree5884]

6:20 Guess Newfoundland just seceded lol

[@majormoolah5056]

Historically, countries with strategic resources often fall into a trap. Their economy becomes centered around exporting these resources and more developed countries in fact use their influence to keep them in a weak state.

[@Beyonder1987]

Not case for China. It is a highly diverse country

[@majormoolah5056]

@@Beyonder1987 USA has also benefited greatly from its size and natural resources. Others however have not. Afghanistan and Congo come to mind. We often like to think that the nation with the most natural resources become great powers but its typically not the case. China was certainly kept down for centuries.

[@Snipsnop260]

@@majormoolah5056 china is probably the only country that has broken the middle income trap as it successfully diversified into the high tech and services sector

[@majormoolah5056]

@@Snipsnop260 My point exactly :)

[@NewAb22]

Yep. Biggest example of such economies dependent on primary good exports are in Africa and parts of Southeast Asia. The problem with these countries is they never developed solid manufacturing and service based sectors which makes them heavily rely on imports leaving them no room to diversify their economies.

[@MaxwellAerialPhotography]

Turns out Frank Woods was right all along.