The Genetic History of Ashkenazi Jews (Kosher Riverboat Cruises)

Some fascinating new research in this new pre-print article , soon to appear in a major scientific journal:
S. Waldman et al., Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14th century
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.11...
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[@mynameisnotjerome1803]

Thank you for this! My father was born just after the war and adopted in Britain. He looked like an Italian and not a British at all. Due to the trauma of being abandoned at birth he didn't want to investigate, so after he died I did a DNA test and I have strong Italian and Ashkenazi Jewish genes. I'm so happy and proud of my heritage!

[@ellebelle8515]

So great to hear this. This is as it should be. If Everyone took a DNA test, possibly we all would be surprised at the mixture of genetic matter that is our DNA. We might be more kind to one another.

[@FoundSheep-AN]

Italy is full of people of Jewish descent, also Sephardi Jewish who were obligated to leave Spain and Portugal etc and they went to Italy

[@LearnMarketingChannel]

Baruch HaShem! This is one of the very best channels on KZbin! I deeply appreciate the time and effort spent on every single video! Thank You!

[@suzannakoizumi8605]

My darling deceased Jewish husband's family came from Minsk and Pinsk. He had very fair skin, some freckles, and the lightest and most transparent blue eyes, like liquid pools of water.

[@groweg]

Ashkenazi on my dad's side. Fascinating to learn of the Italian genetic contribution. My dad's ancestors came from Poland and Russia. Interesting to think of ancestors captured by Romans and sent to Italy. Thank you for presenting on this important study.

[@frankschmitzer5824]

As always, you cut through to what is essential and make it understandable. Many thanks.

[@Dg78421]

Incredible video Rabbi. Thank you for your work, hope to see more content when new studies come out.

[@daniel_bart]

as a ashkenazi jewish i have khazarian dna? i have upload the dna on my youtube channel

[@NuisanceMan]

@@daniel_bart That Khazarian theory is a dubious one constantly promoted by anti-Semites.

[@gailbarnes5974]

Excellent...Kzar and Yiddish still some of the heritage as well...Embrace all

[@Psychiatrick]

Israelites have/had Levite High Priests ... Esau-ites have Rabies!

[@MrTorleon]

Thank you for your explanations, spoken with clarity and enthusiasm. Any and all aspects of my Jewish heritage are keenly followed, and this video provides yet more information to add to the mix.Impressive and enjoyable :)

[@daniel_bart]

as a ashkenazi jewish i have khazarian dna? i have upload the dna on my youtube channel

[@JohnKruse]

Thanks for making this so accessible. My wife's family includes Northern Italian Ashkenazi heritage. We have dug around a bit and imagine that they came back into Italy at some point, but beyond that we don't know and will have to go digging! In any event, it is amazing that the scientific community is helping to pull the greater story together.

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

That makes sense, John. Some Jews, including at least one rabbi, moved from Germany into northern Italy, and there is documentary and genetic evidence for this mentioned briefly on pages 3 and 6 of the book "The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews" by Kevin Alan Brook.

[@Mrbossedup]

This bull

[@JessJoanne]

@@Mrbossedup No it isn't

[@Mrbossedup]

@@JessJoanne umm this is a fact miss. The people that were in those lands were not light-skinned people. Mosses were DEFINITELY black so black he was purple so Miss doesn't follow the hype. The Jesus u see in photos is the Pope's son remade through history since that time but we all know Jesus himself was black so what was John the Baptist lol that was Jesus' cousin he was Black as well lol....

[@JessJoanne]

@@Mrbossedup Moses didn't get a DNA test, did he? Maybe understanding how migration works. How can one not know what would happen to a people in a diaspora? You can't say that Jews aren't Jews because you want to judge one based on skin color thousands of years later. Too many archeological studies, DNA studies, and history. No one said Moses was white. And no, you don't know that Jesus was black, nor John the Baptist. I have no photos of Jesus who was the Pope's son. I don't know where you get that junk. Makes no sense to me that one would deny all the evidence of a people unless they really pushing the black narrative and can't understand the history of Jews. I'm so sure a people couldn't wait for The Pale of Settlement, multiple expulsions and persecutions, and especially the Holocaust. I think a lot of black people could maybe just be a bit racist. Maybe antisemitic. Either way, it makes them wrong. We all looked different thousands of years ago. Guess we should deny that incredibly light skinned people from Africa are not from Africa. Intermarriage happens. Climate impacts people. I guess we should just deny that though.

[@SonofLiberty-zw7op]

Excellent presentation and description. Thanks for sharing this knowledge. Knowledge puts other things in to the light. Shalom.

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

I'm am so glad that you enjoyed the presentation! Thank you for being a Public Subscriber!

[@joycealdrich]

That was fascinating. I shared it! Wish I was able to go on the Netherlands cruise. My Great-Grandmother was a Jew from Veendam, Groningen. I've never been there. She came to America, via London, England, and crossed the sea to Ellis Island, then going to French Canada, finally living in California. Have a wonderful cruise!!! Safe journey.

[@amendareid9256]

I love your work. It's been very instrumental in my research about my heritage and the migratory pattern of our people. It's helped me understand who I am and very interestingly, the Why. Brilliant work as always!

[@daniel_bart]

as a ashkenazi jewish i have khazarian dna? i have upload the dna on my youtube channel

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@daniel_bart You are a bot? The "study" by Eran Elhaik that you show on your channel has been debunked as he used no Jewsin the Study. And he used no Khazars.

[@sojrnrr8368]

@@rachelsamuel3328 bot is ad hominem projection for inconvenient truthful message. Eran Elhaik is debunked by whom? I have been following his research; you are being deceptive. no "Jews"? Elhaik was following the genetic trail; he had no confirmation bias in this.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@sojrnrr8368 Eran Elhaik was debunked by every geneticist, it is called peer-reviewed because the work that is published must provide their back up information that shows what they did and how they got to their hypothesis or answer. V You can not have followed Eran Elhaik and not seen all the answers by other geneticists showing his work to be fraidulent. That his use of GPS on ancient populations does not work. First and most importantly, He used *NO Jews and NO Khazars* in his "study". The man whose 1700 person genetic dataset was used, Dr.Doron Behar and others wrote scathing letters to the journal that published Elhaik's travesty. Perhaps you should read those responses. Nobody will work with Elhaik and he had to start his own company on comparing modern DNA to ancient known samples, How can he make a claim on Jewish ancestry when he used *NO Jews and NO Khazars in his study?* He used Palestinians and Bedouins as a proxy population for ancient Jews and Armenians and Georgians as a proxy population of the Khazars. Neither population is a correct proxy population. There are 25 geneticcosts and more of their assistants and their supervisors that responded to Elhaik with an actual genetic study, *No evidence from genome-wide data of a Khazar origin for the Ashkenazi Jews* perhaps you should read that and the Wikipedia article, *The Khazar Hypothesis of Ashkenazi Jews* The article is very detailed and provides all its sources.

[@michaelpisani5962]

Thank you for another informative discussion.

[@diehardgunner4844]

Questions, if the modern day Ashkenazi jews claim to have migrated to Europe from Israel, how come there is no record of this mass migration? And if your country Israel is being invaded by Rome and being destroyed, why would you flee to Italy, isn't that where Rome is? The DNA checks being done do they compare with ancient Israelites or with people in the middle east today. Because that could be anybody , just asking? What about Khazaria?

[@One--Up]

Interesting questions.

[@BigTeetz]

I had the same question

[@Blublod]

This is a fascinating subject. I have zero Jewish ancestry but have many Jewish friends, mostly Sephardim, and over the years we have had many discussions about Ashkenazim and Sephardim origins. But you know, at the end of the day what I find just as fascinating are the differences in practices, especially when it comes to foods and weddings. Genetics aside, it’s truly a very rich culture.

[@CamaroSS1]

Sephardim are the real Jews, descendants of Abraham.

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

@@CamaroSS1 Most Ashkenazic Jews are partly descended from Sephardic Jews who moved into Hamburg, Transylvania, Ukraine, and Poland.

[@arlenebell5153]

@@CamaroSS1 no just no

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@CamaroSS1 All the diaspora communities are "Real" Jews, the Sephardim and Ashkenazim share much DNA in common,

[@hpyrkh3]

I’m amazed at how similar Sephardim and ashkenazim are in terms of practice. I mean, compare Eastern Orthodox and catholic Christians.

[@koopon3900]

Interesting and timely, thank you Dr. I am an Ashkenazi Jew from both my father and my mother’s side and recently had my DNA tested out of curiosity for my family's history. The results correlate strikingly with the findings of the new study that you share in this video. My Y-DNA haplotype is J1 and mtDNA Southern European. All DNA admixture calculators, and I've used around half a dozen so far, identify my genetic DNA as being Levantine 50-60% and Southern European/Italian at 40-50%. Interestingly, it also identified a North Greek/Balkan influence in the Southern European category, which perhaps says something about my own family’s migration north. Apart from proving that Ashkenazi Jews do indeed descend from Judean exiles as our tradition describes and literary evidence corroborates, what was fascinating to me was that there was no evidence of any Polish or other Central or Eastern European DNA in my results *at all*, despite my family seemingly having lived in the region for what could be up to a thousand years. With so much animosity and hatred aimed at Jews today, particularly at Ashkenazi Jews for some reason, I am proud of my ancestors who managed to pass on our religious, national, and ethnic culture in unbroken lineage for some 2,000 years, against all the odds. If our longevity and success as a people bothers some, then so be it. There is much good in the world and we should focus only on increasing it. עם ישראל חי

[@OnlyVisitingU]

Very Interesting @ Koopon. I also took a DNA test and the Jewish element of the result was Iberian, Italian and Ashkanazi. I have also found two studies of Huguenots both on the East coast of Canada and Northern Ireland/Scotland who have Jewish DNA. DNA and archaeology is re-writing history and, in time, those scholars who insist completely on written evidence change their methods.

[@Justadisciple502]

I am Ashkenazi Jew too and been wondering about where Ashkenazim came from...I am an American and when people hear my accent (originally I came to the Great State of Texas in 1978 from Moscow, USSR), they usually think, that I am an Italian. Which DNA company did you use?

[@thetrip9874]

Where can I get tested for DNA ?

[@Justadisciple502]

@@thetrip9874 You can google it, but some of the companies, who is doing the test are not good...that is why I wanted to know which are trustworthy.

[@OnlyVisitingU]

@@Justadisciple502 My first test was with MyHeritage and I was happy with their service thought it take quite a while to get the restults. It doesn't give a lot of information or Haplogroups but there is very interesting information on the MyHeritage website including the DNA spread (with maps of origin) of people presently living in Israel.

[@RadioBucovinaLibera]

Thanks for debunking the Khazarian "theory."

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

At 13:02 in this video, Abramson says "It also... puts to rest some of the more bizarre theories. For example, of a Khazarian influence on Ashkenazi Jewry, which is not supported by any of this research." Not so fast. Page 26 of the next-to-last version of the Erfurt Jewish study refers to "the mtDNA terminal haplogroup N9a3a1b1, which is nested within a Central/East Asian branch". Where do you think that came from if not from a Khazar woman?

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@user-jr4kc6lu9q And like he and others said Jewish men traveled and married foreign women. And how common is that Haplogroup among Jewish women?

[@mattnewhouse1781]

Sad that we still need to debunk this.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@user-jr4kc6lu9q Only 7.3% of Ashkenazi women show any haplogroups in the N1branch.

[@mattnewhouse1781]

@@strivingforthekingdoment.2303 the racism in black community is very dissappointing. I do think it is interesting to note that one of the biggest anti semites, Nasser of Egypt, contributed money to black hebrew israelites. Now why would our enemy do that?

[@berniej7168]

Thank you sharing this fascinating study. It's interesting, that the time around the year 800 would correlate with the reign of Charlemagne, which would give the results of this study a fitting historical background.

[@RobinHerzig]

Lotta trolls showing up early today 😕 Must mean the channel is getting popular

[@NullStaticVoid]

I'm not Jewish but find topics of antiquity fascinating. Besides, Dr. Abramson is just so engaging he makes any topic fascinating. It's like going over to someone's house and they just happen to have these charts, didn't you know about this?

[@annabellebeckwith9283]

He is very engaging.

[@benqurayza7872]

Thank you, Dr Abramson, for your sane discussion of a fraught subject.

[@julianpetkov8320]

*fraud subject The Greeks initially recruited mostly from the Balkans and Anatolia (300BCE - 600AD proximately), to create their "Diaspora" network. They also recruited locally at their trade colonies. So ofcourse most "jews" are from South Europe and North Africa.

[@mothermarlow4914]

ITS BS

[@sojrnrr8368]

@@julianpetkov8320 Harry Rosen revealed that they simply accept and follow what they have been told by the Rabbis/Great ones, NOT the scripture. Just like Christians they also have created a virtual reality out of our identity and script. Yah"ShaUah is coming to clear this all up.

[@RadioBucovinaLibera]

Thank you for the awesome lectures!

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

You're very welcome!

[@benhakadoshakagerhardyitzh8612]

You are a true meyvin of the yikhes of us jehudim of the golah! Love your shneydikhe seykhl. Zay gezunt tsadik🕎

[@RadioBucovinaLibera]

@BlackholeTtson452 Dr. Abramson has a really good lecture about Jesus. You should watch it. I'm glad you're enjoying his Jewish history lectures. They're really good and I've learned a lot from them.

[@KristiContemplates]

Might explain the family stories I was told as a child that we had Italian in our blood. The shock of discovering that most people didn't throw a big party to celebrate 13th birthdays in their family was unpleasant. I love when information is shared that helps my quirkiness make sense

[@glennlevy7260]

Excellent primer, Dr. Abramson. The study (and November 30th NY Times story) were just published, and your video really helped prep for these.

[@Frodojack]

As an Ashkenazim I can be proud of my Jewish and Italian ancestry.

[@stuartstuart321]

Be proud to be a human being.

[@LisaRichards_123]

I should start this comment out by noting that I don’t use my real name in my KZbin profile, because of trolls. The first time I ever heard the accusation that Jews weren’t Jews was back in 1989 when I was in New York. I had come from Brooklyn to the city with a Jewish friend, and we were walking to a restaurant in the city. As we were walking, we saw a group of black guys in the street that were claiming to be One Percenters, as they called themselves. One of them had a megaphone and was screaming into it. I was wearing a chain around my neck with a Jewish star on it. As my friend and I passed them, the guy with the megaphone pointed at me, and yelled, “A white Jew! A fake Jew!” Having learned Hebrew, and gone to shul my entire life, and had a lot of family members that had been killed in Auschwitz, it was quite a bizarre accusation that I was a “fake” Jew. So yeah. I’ve known about these crazy claims for a very long time, long before Kanye.

[@DegreesOfThree]

They are pretty obnoxious, but you should be flattered that they want to co-opt your identity.

[@drek273]

yet you have no evidence to disprove their claim. You were offended, therefore you dont believe them. Im not apart of their group, however, you havent expressed anything but your opinion so far

[@EliMardirossian]

@@drek273 a jew is whoever has lived/self-identified/been identified (ethnically and or religiously) by others as a jew (and an ethnic-jew is someone whose recent ancestors have lived through history as jews with the meanders that go with it) PERIOD lmao thered's no 'evidence' to present and nothing to 'prove' you keep barking at anyone who criticizes those confused self-hating people while yapping that you're 'not part of their groups'.. a CLOWN

[@Long-Ball-Larry]

@@drek273 Proof is in his DNA (which clearly links Ashenazi Jews to the Levante, the other main Jewish Diaspora groups as well as other Levantine populations, like Samaritans, Druze, Lebanese, Syrians and the Arabized Jews aka Palestinians) as well as language, customs and traditions passed down from generation to generation. Those BHI have DNA pointing to tribes from West-Africa and don't have an ounce of neither Jewish customs nor traditions and certainly don't bother to study Hebrew it seems... else they would understand from scripture that even a European white woman or a native American woman can convert to Judaism and then is accepted as a full Jew as are her descendants... so no fake Jews. QED.

[@drek273]

@@Long-Ball-Larry How come you people don't call out ethiopians then? i know they're east african, but do you recognize them as jews?

[@TheRanaro]

Brilliant. Brilliant. Brilliant!! Very Brilliant!!! Just a side note, Henry: I always strongly believed that Italians (specifically Sicilians) and Ashkenazi Jews looked very much alike. People used to confuse me for Italian a lot (before I was sporting a Kippah full time).

[@hildiandfriendsfosterfails]

I am not Jewish but I understand from my mother and uncles that my great-grandfather was a Jew from Poland. We do not know a lot about him because his relationship with my great-grandmother which produced my maternal grand-father was extra-marital. It is fascinating to learn about these possible ancestors of mine.

[@newcivilisation]

Does anybody know how to do this video technique, of talking with the text/images behind you?

[@byronquinley1400]

Extremely well done! Very enlightening and entertaining!

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

I'm so glad that you enjoyed it!

[@terrydillon9323]

Thank you. Love to hear about the Jewish history. Great intelligent hard working people. Thank you for your contributions to the world in art and music and so many other areas.

[@Mrbossedup]

This bull

[@Pfyzer]

another much more studied geneology, we know that Ashkenazi's ancestors are of one the Turkish tribes name Khazar.... more than 90% of "Jews" are Ashkenazi European Jews, about 10% are pure Jewish who've lived in Middle East and North Africa. most inhabitant of Israel are exiled Jews after WW2 because germany was under US-Russian rule, and no European countries wants them. rip

[@loquat44-40]

@@Pfyzer ​ I have never seen any genetic evidence for turkic ancestry, not saying it is not there, I just have not seen it. My mother is of Belarus Jewish origin coming from one well research family on her mother's side. Some people that researched that particular Chernin family contacted my mother when about 98, she is 104 now. The story is that my grandfather (born 1873) who was darker completed than most Ashkenazi and I was told by an uncle about the paternal family coming from the far east and even China. Who knows. Apparently to Turkish people my mother looked turkish and when she walked through a Turkish neighborhood as a girl in Brooklyn people would speak to her in Turkish. When she walked through an Irish neighborhood people were quite hostile to her just based on appearance. Her brothers and mother were much lighter and looked like typical Ashkenazi jews. I have never had myself tested genetically I have no idea about turkish genetics. Jews did work for the Ottoman Turks maybe there are central Asian genes from those contacts.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

​@@Pfyzer Except the Ashkenazi Jews have no Khazar DNA, no Turkic or Turkish DNA, when you conmment on something, It is usually best to make sure that it is a valid idea.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

​@@Pfyzer the Khazar hypothesis has been debunked by history, archeology, linguistics and science (DNA).

[@negationf6973]

Excellent information, glad you made this video.

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

I'm so glad to hear that you enjoyed it!

[@leefrankel4191]

I’ve wondered about this. Thank you so much. Fascinating.

[@padillas4357]

I'm glad to see Genetics being taken more seriously in these discussions.

[@beng2729]

Professor you couldn't have picked a better time to post this short lecture.

[@michaelsmith9453]

Much Thanks! Love you and your diligence in bring history alive! Shalom Achi!

[@formicapple2]

Many thanks DrAbramson for a fascinating post.

[@spinedoc18]

My grandparents were from Ukraine and Poland/Austria. A genetic test told me that I'm only 85% Ashkenazi though. The rest of me is Mizrachi and and Central Asian.

[@sarahconner9433]

85% is very Ashkenazi.... This is where Hitler got the word "nazi"

[@emmanuelgoldspleen2905]

Central Asian?! Did your DNA result give any specifics on this? Was it Myheritage or Ancestry or FTDNA? The study of the Erfurt skeletons did show that some of them had a couple of percent of how would you say; Mongolian-like/Central Asian origin. The Mizrachi isn't so surprising, as a lot of our Rabbinic lineages (Geonim, Rishonim etc.) came from Babylon & Persia to Europe to set up the religious schools throughout the Middle Ages.

[@DA-ln5kz]

Which test is the most reliable?

[@ezequiasjunior2936]

Great!! For us, ashkenazi Descendents, that have Lost our roots thru the years of persecution is a pleasure to know where our ancestors came from.

[@Psychiatrick]

The underground cities of teh Hittites ... Esau-ites cross bred with the Hittites in the Ural Mountains. MultiCultUral ... many religions invented in the ural mountains ....

[@edwardmiessner6502]

Fascinating lecture, Rabbi!

[@Anna-mz4ij]

This was so interesting. I have a small % of Ashkenazi ancestry, and a family name of Solomon. It's good to know a bit more about the ancient family story.

[@NuisanceMan]

With 700 wives, that family must have really spread out!

[@paulhelman2376]

My wife's familial genealogy purpots to go back to Rabbi Meir Katzennellenbogen of Padua late 15th centurey.Her branch eventually came to Belarus. Had some interesting branches including the Mendelsshon's. Fascinating subject. My testing through two sites simply says 99 to100% eastern European jew which seems a bit of a cop out as in appearance members of my family born in Belarus could vary a great deal from norther European to Asian. That area saw invasions from both areas that left their mark genetically.

[@LisaRichards_123]

If there is a one percent not Jewish, it would have been from a great or great great grandparent.

[@williamfisher1919]

Hello, are you related to Mr Hillier Wise of Wembley, London?

[@NONEOFYOURBIZ69]

Which Haplogroup?

[@paulhelman3654]

@@NONEOFYOURBIZ69 i have no idea.

[@NONEOFYOURBIZ69]

@@paulhelman3654 your DNA test does not tell you which Y chromosome?

[@dwin4037]

Thanks so much!😊 very interesting!

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

I'm so gad that you enjoyed it!

[@walterbenjamin1386]

According to DNA testing, I'm 98+% Ashkenazic. The rest is Balkan. But the results don't show any Italian DNA. After the bottleneck, is the Ashkenazic profile now different, with the earlier influences considered contained and redefined as Ashkenazi? Thank you for another illuminating lecture.

[@MrPeaceandLiberty]

From my mother's side I am 26% Ashkenazi (my mother's mother's mother, my alteBubbe, came from Poland) and the most common surname in my DNA matches is Cohen not including all the variations. I don't about any of my family further back than that. Ironically, I inherited my middle name from my father's Irish Catholic side and the name is Emmet which happens to be the Hebrew word for truth. Thank you you for presenting this study and I look forward to more on this subject.

[@LisaRichards_123]

I wonder if the Italian combination might also have something to do with the thousands of Jews that were taken into slavery, and forced to migrate into Italy when the Temple was destroyed. Great video.

[@maryboggan6742]

My mother and aunts did a DNA test and found 40% Ashkenazi their mother, my grandmother was adopted in the early 1900s so my mother and aunts were curious as to their history. My grandmother was brought up catholic and our family remains catholic. However, I wonder how different our lives would have been.

[@DA-ln5kz]

What test did they do?

[@teddmented]

What surprises me is the percentage of Italian admixture requires intermarriage and conversion that would be a significant aberration from custom and requires explanation

[@donaldseigel4101]

Excellent video, thank you for your research

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

Glad it was helpful! Thank you for being a Public Subscriber!

[@donaldseigel4101]

@@HenryAbramsonPhD Your welcome!

[@RobinHerzig]

Reconstructing faces + getting eye + hair color is astonishing. I'm curious about migrations thru Greece or Turkey + up thru the Balkans as well. Any research available on mutations in melanin or other physical features? Naturally all DNA research is wonderful + enthusiastically welcome Absolutely love this stuff Also wondering if there's more info to be extracted by studying more than just lost teeth…?

[@tantratron]

Very good question about the migration through Turkey. Before getting to Greece or Balkan, the path was through what is now called modern Turkey.

[@odysseusthesojourner4401]

I am no expert on the subject but Greece had the Romaniote Jews well before the fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD.

[@carloswardlow5569]

Cap

[@ElliottBradenS]

I.E was it possible for skin pigment to be lost?

[@undernewmanagement3561]

Research the country of Khazaria and you will understand.

[@BARBIEJA4ANDI]

You are incredible!!!! Thank you!! For your great desire to teach us Especially us who have a great desire to know our roots❤️🙏🎁🥰

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

You are so welcome! I'm glad that you enjoyed the lecture. Thank you for being a Public Subscriber!

[@NarnianLady]

Thank you, so interesting to hear. I often wondered about the history of the Ashkenazim.

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

I'm glad that you enjoyed it!

[@thisrichbastard.809]

If there’s a “Middle East” it stands to reason that there be a “middle” West, North and South…yet, there’s not ever any mention of these other geographical locations.

[@robertleffel3156]

if there is a North Pole and South Pole, it stands to reason that there be West Pole and East Pole....yet, there’s not ever any mention of these other geographical locations.Very weird....

[@essenceofgrowing7804]

Fantastic update. I’ve done some research on the sex cult Black Hebrew Israelites (aka BHI) that also thrive on the khazars hypothesis which has become the newest form of Replacement Theology. I’ve been looking for a video like this, short and sweet, condensed and straight to the point. We need to start seeing more of this from other scholars and laymen. BHI is spreading like wildflower. As a messianic Latino male… (a Goy and follower of Yeshua) I’ve been approached a number of times by them. I’m really concerned about what I see coming from this group in the next few years. It’s full of hate for white people in general and especially the Jewish people. Some rappers (social icons) are even sliding these ideas into their music. Nothing good will come out of it but there are still decent people on the world with common sense (people who see the hate) and will use caution but one must be addressing this (as you have) over and over again. Blessings. Shalom!

[@drek273]

sex cult? lets be objective and avoid slander please.

[@essenceofgrowing7804]

@@drek273​ Not slander. Look up the word Cult and you’ll see how I used it. It’s not liberally politically correct but don’t be afraid to you use it correctly. I’ve been accused of being in a cult so often that it has lost its sting. I just tried to provide the definition for word “cult” earlier but, for some reason, it didn’t post. Are you worried about someone from BHI stumbling on this video and seeing my comment and becoming inflamed? Obviously you don’t have no idea what they’re doing. They (black Americans that are being told they are the true Jews) are slowly trying to move to Israel to take the land for themselves. Don’t underestimate them. Please. I’m not a religious Jew or a secular Jew. I stand with the country Israel and HaShem. If you’re worried about this word CULT, Then you have absolutely no idea who these folks are. The campions for tolerance and love among the political left in media and entertainment is lost on this group. They could absolutely care less of slander on any level. My aim however was not slander but, no matter how sensitive one can be, no other word suits this group but cult. As for “sex cult”… that is not slander either. I recently had a black American roommate that met a BHI woman. He was interested in dating her. He asked me about this group. I told him. He very quickly figured out that she tried to use sex to recruit him. He told me that I was right about them. My roommate wasn’t a religious man. He leaned towards Islam. He was interested in the sex. So he slept with her. Then immediately she told him that he would need to meet her “elders” for them to keep dating. She got angry when he wouldn’t. He dropped her like a hot potato.

[@drek273]

@@essenceofgrowing7804 you chose a single event to represent the majority of a group. Talk about a terrible sample size. I don't even know their movement. I just hate bad math. Collect more data then I'll be more inclined to believe you. A lot of opinions spewed.

[@essenceofgrowing7804]

@@drek273 You think I’m taking an isolated event? You need to get out more.

[@drek273]

@@essenceofgrowing7804 i mean you only gave one example. I can only assume that you're taking an isolated event to represent the majority

[@menachemsalomon]

I wonder how much of the genetic history can also explain the "genetic history" of Ashkenazi _minhagim_ (customs). I would expect that the set of customs among Ashkenazi and Italian Jews would be more closely related the more recently the groups became somewhat separate. (Of course, taking into account diffusion, such as the Sefardi customs described by R' Chaim Vital becoming part of the Chasidish rites.)

[@who167]

Can you please elaborate on these literature based sources that align with this genetic evidence in a follow-up video or even just point me towards sources? I'm interested in reading them.

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

The final version of the Erfurt study which will be published tomorrow cites two books and two articles that are particularly useful in summarizing available documentation of these phenomena, including the multiple streams of Jewish migrations into Erfurt from the west, south, and east and the original linguistic differences between those migrants, and related facts and hypotheses. Beider, A. (2001). A Dictionary of Ashkenazic Given Names: Their Origins, Structure, Pronunciation, and Migrations (Avotaynu). Beider, A. (2015). Origins of Yiddish Dialects (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Lämmerhirt, M. (2015). Die Anfänge der jüdischen Besiedlung in Thüringen. Zeitschrift für Thüringische Geschichte 69, 57-91. Lämmerhirt, M. (2019). Neuedition des Liber Judeorum der Stadt Erfurt. In Wohnen, beten, handeln Das hochmittelalterliche jüdische Quartier ante pontem in Erfurt Mit einer Neuedition des Liber Judeorum der Stadt Erfurt, B. Perlich, ed. (Petersberg: Michael Imhof), pp. 297-399. I have personally read Beider's books but not Lämmerhirt's articles.

[@paulhelman2376]

It must take a good deal of salt to kosher a riverboat!

[@Meirstein]

r/angryupvote

[@islaadele1212]

A friend gave me a 23andme DNA kit as a gift and I recently discovered that I have 40% Cypriot and 40% Ashkenazi DNA with a mix of the remainder including 1% Italian. I had no idea about any of this, there were a lot of family secrets growing up, and with British parents I never assumed I was anything other than northern European. I had no idea that Ashkenazi DNA was even an identifiable thing. I have a lot of learning to do!

[@Psychiatrick]

That was a scam! Cana'an (Vatican) sent Esau (State of Isn'tRael) to take Hebron Jun 6 - 11 1967 to secure the DNA in the cave of the patriarchs. Now Cana'an has the DNA sequences specific to the Seed of Abraham and your submission allowed Vatican (Cana'an) to test their findings on the DNA from the cave. Unfortunately for the Esau-ites, they have the DNA markers of the Seed of Abraham thus the mRNA will target their DNA for destruction. Cana'an has no lost love with Esau. Nimrod was a great hunter of men. Esau a great hunter. Esau bested Nimrod. Nimrod was of Cana'an thus Vatican NEVER FORGETS! Moreover, Esau is out to destroy his cousins, the 12 Tribes of Israel, thus just cannot be trusted whatsoever!

[@rachelsamuel3328]

With results like that one parent or two grandparents were Ashkenazi Jewish.

[@GilmerJohn]

Well, in another podcast it was claimed that the Ashkenazi includes "significant" amounts of Italian genes. These DNA "kits" each use their own sets of markers to determine where you come from. I would hope that and actual DNA can be preserved so that in the future the same sample can be "amplified" and more comprehensively sampled.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@GilmerJohn Ashkenazi DNA is 60% to 80% Levantine and there are 40% of the Ashkenazi Jews that trace back to 4 Levantine women. The others have ancient Greco- Roman DNA, not modern European DNA. The Jews in Europe were not allowed to intermarry with the Christians, They were extremely Insular and endogamous,

[@GilmerJohn]

@@rachelsamuel3328 -- Well, that was made clear in one of the videos of this series. The Jews tended to mix & match with the locals in Italy but once they crossed the Alps they enforced the rules against "mixed marriages." (Or it could be that while in Italy, they lacked the power to enforce the rules.) The world is rapidly become a "Mix&Match" place. Should "science" just watch it and that's that or should "science" attempt to capture and preserve as much DNA from all kinds of folks while there are some "sort of" established race/sub-species lines?

[@onnasun8122]

I agree with your assessment. I follow all information about my Ashkenazi Jewish heritage.

[@Travieso78702]

Oh, thank you so much. My family was Sefardí but I do have Ashkenazi Jew from Strasbourg. People say that that families probably came from Eastern Europe. Their names were Rieser, Blau, Stenburg, and Schinman.

[@sunsetfree5358]

Interesting! I recently took a DNA test because I’ve always been told I’m Dutch, English, and German, but unlike my Dutch friends, with their blond hair and blue eyes, I have brown wavy hair, brown eyes, olive skin, and a big nose. If I’m Dutch, WHY do I look so different? I was never told we had any Jewish heritage. I don’t think anyone knew! The test revealed that my father’s side has ties to Italy, Spain, France, Germany, England, and the Netherlands, with Ashkenazi markers. My mother’s side starts in the Middle East (Northern Israel), and fans out over Iran/Iraq, to Turkey, Greece, Italy, and up on into England, Poland, and Germany, but has no Ashkenazi markers 🤔. My mother’s last name was Elias (form of Hebrew name Elijah), whose family was most recently from Berlin. According to Yad Vashem, most of the Elias’s from Berlin were killed in the Holocaust. The test was only supposed to cover the last 500 years or so. That’s a lot of moving around! …ah, the sad life of the Jew… …But at least now I know why I look like I do! 🕎

[@tagbarzeev8283]

Sunset Free If it interesting that you mentioned the last name Elias as my mother in law name prior to marriage was Elias and she was Sephardic. Your mother's side might be Sephardic as you mentioned Turkey and Greece.Many Sephardic do have a olive skin complection and brown wavy hair like my wife .Small world.

[@guywhousesapseudonymonyout4272]

@@tagbarzeev8283 Many Ashkenazim also have olive skin and brown/black hair

[@tagbarzeev8283]

@@guywhousesapseudonymonyout4272 That is true and have cousins who fit that description and tks for the info.

[@guywhousesapseudonymonyout4272]

My father ז"ל was Sefaradi (Syrian and old Sephardic from the Yishubv ha Yashan) and ginger,, mymother Ashkenazi/Hungarian is olive and dark haired (orat least dark haired when she was younger; now, white-haired).

[@jamessilver6429]

@@guywhousesapseudonymonyout4272 l' hvdil , the previous dictator of syria had very light skin. many native americans have very light skin etc. many ashkenazim have dark skin etc.

[@lawman3966]

The information presented in the video is similar to that discovered in a study by the Albert Einstein school of medicine in 2013. They went into a little more detail by looking at the distribution of european and middle eastern genes separately for patrilineal and matrilineal DNA. As I recall, they found that the patrilineal DNA was mostly middle eastern (they used the word "Levantine") and that the matrilineal DNA was mostly Italian. So, if you like southern Italian cooking, it might be genetic.

[@powerdriller4124]

Looking only on patrilineal and matrilineal is looking only a 1/23 of the evidence. that is 4.7% of the evidence. Looking at all the evidence tells that Ashkenazi Jews are 90% German-Slav

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@powerdriller4124 Not true at all,, Autosomal DNA shows 60% to 80% Levantine DNA, the Modern Jews show 50% of Canaanite DNA. The modern Jews 40% descend from 4 Levantine women.

[@Crow44195]

@@rachelsamuel3328Askanazi Jews are 80% European.

[@diannealice3601]

So appreciate your expertise. Thank you!

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

Glad it was helpful!

[@lizkeith1356]

so interesting. thank you for the work

[@ESCAGEDOWOODWORKING]

Very interesting history, and how the written record matches the DNA.

[@What_If_We_Tried]

By "written record" do you mean the Tanakh? If so, the biblical narrative about the origins of the 12 tribes of Israel, and especially the biblical story about "the exodus" is a fictional narrative, kzbin.info/www/bejne/gHSYnadrepiYjrc

[@annabellebeckwith9283]

Bravissimo!!

[@horus4862]

Thank you Rabi that was amazing

[@luciabri8767]

I am trying to find all my roots as a full Mexican woman... according to the DNA test I am from the Americas with Spanish-Portuguese, Ashkenazi Jewish, Arab, West African and Nort Asian blood. I can't find no sense in my results... Watching your videos has made me learn more about one of my ancestors, and feel already somehow connected to this beautiful community ❤️

[@helenel4126]

A number of Spanish Jews pretended to convert to Roman Catholicism during the Reconquista, rather than be deported from Spain and Portugal in 1492 and 1493. They were referred to in Spain as Marranos. You must have Marranos in your ancestry.

[@nathanbeard513]

When you were explaining the genetic bottleneck you mentioned non-Jews contributing to the early Israelite population. Wouldn’t the examples of Antipater and Ruth still be within the genetic sphere of Israel since they are descendants of Moab and Edom (both of whom are descendants of Abraham)?

[@muslimcrusader5987]

Yes Moab and Edom are Semitic just like the Hebrews which means they had an identical phenotype, so technically it’s not really genetic mixing so Semites were a distinct genetic group/ethnos. You could argue it’s tribal or linguistic mixing but that’s it.

[@freon500]

Once upon a time there were a people wondering about a desert and they wrote a book that said that they were the chosen ones. When they read the book they believed it. Since then they continue to believe that they are the chosen ones. The rest of us hope that some day they will rewrite their book and join us and be happy to know that all of us on the planet are equals to God.

[@avalerie4467]

Oh dear. This is what they've taught you to believe ??? No. The Jewish people were they only ones of the peoples of the time to choose to accept to keep the instructions. For over 3300 years they have kept their word. Hope that helps you understand that phrase a bit better. Sorry, it's a personal mission of mine to bring peace and understanding where i am able. Clarification helps, i feel

[@rachelsamuel3328]

Most of the history of the Bible has been verified by other sources. Being chosen has nothing to do with being better, the Jews chose the one God, and were to keep the 613 commandments.

[@agentfmib9206]

@@avalerie4467 Does that include Midianim?

[@MindSetCoaching780]

Wow, it sounds almost like the dark and brown skin people 🤔 during their exploration of the Regions, except for the Ashkenazi region which inhibited the children of Jephath, Noe's (Noah's) elderly son.

[@NatanelYaHu]

Chosen to suffer.

[@thezappa7373]

A concise summary thank you. My question is if the study indicates a sex bias in the exile(s) from Israel to Italy? Again thanks for your work.

[@williamlongo2363]

Thank you for your study.

[@teddybear9465]

Now is this the way the Ashkenazi’s try to explain: 1. The numerous Y paternal Haplogroups they have R,J and E. Now how can one have three fathers. If Abraham, Issac and Jacob are their fore fathers. Then the Y Haplogroup should be an unbroken chain passed all the way down to present male lineage. Which takes us to the next issue, knowing that their Y Haplogroup does not line up. Rabbi’s recently stated that Jewish lineage is determined via, the female. Problem with that being, God gave promise to the man and in scripture it’s determined by male lineage. Furthermore studies found that the female lineage of Ashkenazi’s does not trace to Israel, but to European roots. Now he references converts, well king Herod was a convert along with just about all in the Roman Empire. The Jew rebels as Rome called them fled into Africa.

[@airpaintpellet]

Ashkenazi jews are an equal admixture of levantine and european. With their european half being mostly northern italian with a little western/eastern european sprinkled in. The majority of their paternal haplogroups are J1, J2, and E which is found in bronze age israelite remains and modern levantine populations. The sad historical fact is according the genetic studies abraham didn't exist, or atleast how the hebrew bible tells us he existed. Israelite and caananite dna have been compared and they were identical. This backs up archeological research that shows israelites were caananites who left the costal cities of the Levant, settled the hills of judaea and samaria and became tribal eventually becoming distinct from their caananite brethren over time. The exodus didn't happen as stated in the hebrew bible. It was likely a origin myth story, however a small exodus might have happened with a nomadic group called the hyskos (hebrews, to cross over), who were expelled from Egypt, moved to ancient Israel and intermarried their giving the israelites their foundation story of exodus.

[@teddybear9465]

@@airpaintpellet the problem that exist is it appears that the father of the Hebrews/ Israelites/Judeans would have one Y Haplogroup not 3. You see J1, and J2 would be separate relatives, and E would be from a tree that precedes J1, and J2 and entirely different tree. Haplogroup J and E would represent two different male progenitors for the Hebrew/Israelite/ Judeans. Furthermore you stated that the biblical stories are myths due to lack of archeological evidence. Which poses a quandary. You see present day Israel based their right to land they currently occupy based on these biblical myths as you call them (Examples being lack of archeological evidence of Exodus, King David and King Solomon, the battle of Jericho etc). Now the goal post is being moved. You have Jewish Sages and Rabbis who state they can trace their lineage to Moses and Aaron, But you have Jewish scholars who state they didn’t exist. 🤔

[@arielshapiro3099]

Teddy Bear Ashkenazi Jews were indeed the Jews of the Roman Empire. -Acts 14:1 -Acts 17:1-17 -Acts 18:2 -Acts 18:19 -Acts 28:17 They later moved to the Rhine Region of Europe (Ashkenaz) during the late Middle Ages. Judah is also prophesied to return from the four corners of the world (Isaiah 11:12). EurAsia is one of the four corners along with North America, Argentina/Brasil and Australia/New Zealand.

[@airpaintpellet]

@@teddybear9465 what you don't realize is caananites and israelites are genetically identical. They're the same population. Except the israelites diverged from other caananites and became tribal. Ancient hebrew and Phoenician were literally dialects with the same alphabet. Not separate languages. Both mutually intelligible. In fact if a modern hebrew speaker transported back in time to Phoenicia they would be able to understand what was said and can communicate with them. Israelites do not descend from just one man aka Abraham. Also by the way, according to the story arabs would also all have to descend from just abraham too and we know this is not true aswell. Israelites and caananites all had haplogroups J1, J2 and E. This was shown by archeological evidence. The earth, by the way, isnt 6000 years old. These haplogroups are tens of thousands of years old. And I didn't say everything in the hebrew bible didn't happen. Modern day jews do in fact descend from biblical israelites with varying degrees of outside admixture, usually about 40-50% non judaean dna. I do dna for a living so I might know a thing or two. The kingdom of Israel did exist as did the kingdom of judah as did king solomon and the temples. However anything past the beginning of the kingdoms was just the beginning of the creation of the israelite identity from Canaanite tribes uniting. And yes, there is such thing as the Cohen modal haplogroup (Y chromosomal aaron). It's within J-P58 meaning the majority of cohens (regardless if ashkenazi, sephardi or mizrachi jews) have this haplogroup which comes from a man 2500 years ago.

[@teddybear9465]

@@arielshapiro3099 you may want to read your referenced scriptures a bit closer. Those scriptures do not support the premise of Jews (bloodline related) moving to the Region of Europe. In fact if I am correct most Jews do not prescribe to any New Testament Scriptures. So they would not justify their claim to the land of Israel based on the letters of Paul or the writings of Luke in the book of Acts. Furthermore it is prophesied in Jeremiah 3:18 that both the House of Israel and Judah would be reunited in the land of Israel (not just Jews). Isaiah 48-54 states that the Messiah will reunite the House of Israel ( not the Balfour Declaration of 1917) that is if you feel James Balfour or Baron Rothschild would be the Messiah? Furthermore scripture says Israel and Judah would be scattered to four corners of the earth via slavery (Deuteronomy 28:68), not some voluntary migration due to Greek/Roman Hellenization. Furthermore Jesus reinforces the prophesy of Deuteronomy 28, in Luke 21:20-24 when he prophesied the destruction of Jerusalem and the Jew being taken into captivity, which would have be the 70AD incident. And states Jerusalem would be down trotted by Gentiles and his return would happen when times of Gentiles are fulfilled.

[@devintaylor8702]

God Bless all of the House of Israel 🇮🇱🙏🙌❤

[@jenica9705]

My mom is southern Italian and her dna just came back with 13% Ashkenazi Jew and 10% middle eastern.. so interesting

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

Interesting

[@AbrahamsBridges]

This was great info! thanks for sharing! Can you refer me to DNA studies for the tribes of the northern kingdom?

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

Samaritans are some of the living descendants of the northern Israelites and a few DNA studies have been done on them including Shen, Peidong, Tal Lavi, et al. “Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation.” Human Mutation 24, no. 3 (September 2004) on pages 248-260.

[@Psychiatrick]

The word "Jew" is not in Torah viz not a real Tribe as set out in Genesis. The word "Jew" dates to a papal (Esau) revolution of about 800 years ago. "Jew" has no relation to any of the 12 Tribes of Israel. By logical deduction we can assert the so-called "Jews" are actually Esau-ites. The Genetic History of the Esau-ites is from Genesis 36:2. This is when Esau mixed blood with Cana'an. In particular, the Hittites who were/are the monetary/military power. Esau is giving the land over to CAna'an in exchange for mammon. June 6 - 11 1967 was the time when Cana'an sent Esau to secure the DNA in the Cave of the Patriarchs. Now, Vatican has the mRNA World War III shot aimed at extinguishing those of the Seed of Abraham. Funny, Esau also has those genetic markers! Vatican: Code of Cana'an law, sodomy, pedophilia, Ba'al priests, pHarma, banking = Cana'anite State of Isn'tRael: The "Jews" are God's chosen people. The land the State of Isn'tRael is situate is the land promised to Israel but is the land God permitted David to purchase from the Hivites. 1948 sees Judah George VI symbolically giving David's land back to Cana'an under the guise of the Ball Four Declaration. Don't you find it rather strange the so-called "Jews" are a chosen people of a god butt the laws of the State of Isn'trael closely resemble a reasonable facsimile of the code of Cana'an law of Vatican as opposed to the [area code] 613 Laws and Commands set out in the Constitution Written in Heaven! Esau has proven it can't be trusted thus no love lost between Cana'an and Esau. Esau also has those DNA markers which places a bullseye on each and everyone of them! Oye Vey!

[@AbrahamsBridges]

@@Psychiatrick I agree that “Jew” isn’t a proper term for “Israelite.” The Jews were the tribes of the south who seceded from Israel. However, Esau and Jacob have the same parents and the same genetic exposure. Judah did, in fact, marry a Canaanite woman, and this wasn’t part of the covenant at the time that he did it. Although oral law says only Women are forbidden to marry male descendants of Moabites, Torah forbids ANY descendants of Moabites from entering the assembly of Israel. Therefore, all descendants of Ruth aren’t of Israel’s “countrymen.” The kings of Judah aren’t kings of Israel. Judah seceded from Israel. Descendants of Esau aren’t forbidden to be part of the assembly. They are welcome to join the covenant. But Not all descendants of Judah, or the southern tribes “Jews”, are descendants of Moabites.

[@peggynivens7912]

Is it important to know which son of Noah that you come from?

[@mapfelwapfel]

Yes it is... it will determine exactly what the hidden for centuries It Was Written in the Holy Bible KJV... now its time to know the real truth 💯 Who are the real tribes of Israel 🇮🇱 🤔

[@jaimendaniel5578]

¿Why didn't Jews chose to settle and thrive as well outside Europe in places such as Siberia, Africa, Far East, or Melanesia? It seems to be that, in spite of all their badmouthing of Europeans and their claim of victimhood, in fact, all other places on earth were far worse or not as profitable as living among Europeans and Christians later on in the Americas.

[@One--Up]

🗣🔈🔉🔊Why didn't Jews chose to settle and thrive as well outside Europe in places such as Siberia, Africa, Far East, or Melanesia? It seems to be that, in spite of all their badmouthing of Europeans and their claim of victimhood, in fact, all other places on earth were far worse or not as profitable as living among Europeans and Christians later on in the Americas.

[@One--Up]

@jaimendaniel5578 Best comment on this thread. Thank you!

[@leonabarad6972]

Thank you. Such an interesting subject. And now I understand my love of Italian food! 😉

[@briann8911]

Love these types of studies.

[@HenryAbramsonPhD]

I'm glad that you are enjoying the videos! Thank you for being a Public Subscriber!

[@ianmiles2505]

Thats awesome, you get to write your own history.

[@victorydaydeepstate]

Has anyone read Solzhenitsyn's book on the 200 year history of Jews in Russia? It's banned in English translation in the West. It's sad when a Nobel Laureate in Literature is banned for being "antisemitic." Certainly, Solzhenitsyn would have something noteworthy to say beyond alleged politically incorrect propaganda

[@robertleffel3156]

What does this have to do with the topic of the video? Solzhenitsyn's book deals with the history of Jews of Russia from the time of incorporation of the Kingdom of Poland and the Duchy of Lithuania (aka Rzeczpospolita aka Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth) into the Russian Empire by Catherine the Great (1770s). Most Jews who later became known as Russian Jews lived in these areas. Besides, having a Nobel prize for literature doesn't make you an objective let alone eminent historian. He's certainly not an expert on Jewish-Russian history, and his book shows it. I've read it and while I generally found it interesting, it's riddled with errors, omissions, and sometimes bizarre interpretations and conclusions. I wouldn't call this book "antisemitic" per se and I don't think AS was a "classic" antisemite (although he had his biases). It's just from a scholarly angle his book contributed little. The history of Jews of Russia (whether you take last 200 years or a 1000 years) is well researched. I find works by Simon Dubnow and Antony Polonsky far more valuable.

[@victorydaydeepstate]

@@robertleffel3156 I can't ask a question...gez!

[@ClueSign]

Great presentation and even better conclusion about "this moment" which is so very fraught.

[@BAM-jc7uy]

My maternal gr-grandma, Nonny, Fair-skinned, red-haired and blue-eyed, long limbed was born in Puerta de Luna, New Mexico in early/mid 1880s and passed away early 1970s. She spoke only old colonial Spanish..no English. Thru her we have Niemann-Pick and hemochromotosis. Her father was Archuleta. albuq.

[@cushiterevenge5696]

Present day Ashkenazi Jews are Ancient Israelites who intermarried with different European ethnic groups. In short the Ashkenazi Jews are a ethnically mixed people.

[@robertleffel3156]

ancient Israelites intermarried too. What's new?

[@marvellbgry]

That's absolutely false! If you actually read the Torah, it clearly states Ashkenaz are gentiles. It's literally in genisis.

[@thomaslevinski1984]

Modern Jews are best explained by ways of living and religious and religious beliefs bloodlines and ethnicities are too blurred to give any credence to the definition of who the Jews are

[@iamnnbu]

​@@marvellbgryobviously that is referring to an ancient non Jewish nation. The European Jews are called Ashkenazim only because they lived there for 100s of years. Just like the Sephardic Jews loved in Spain for hundreds of years, even though they came from the middle east before immigrating to Spain

[@antiBHIcamp]

@@marvellbgrynope

[@Redd105]

Europeans, full stop!

[@AD-mw6ne]

I am Black and this is inaccurate. There are plenty of ethnic group’s living in Europe who are not full European. Likewise There are ethnic groups living in Africa who are not full African. Stop this racist, deliberate ignorance! They had a diaspora just like Africans did and there are plenty of Blacks in America who are watered down Africans.

[@THECRYPTOHANGOUT]

Eran elhaik did a dna test on a small population of aj as well as others followed .what do you say about the large indo-iranian dna found in ashekenazi jews??

[@benjaminperez1149]

Also Tay-Sachs Disease. Doctor, this is so fascinating. Many people have wondered about their origins. Thank you.

[@td866]

The list longer than just adding Tay-Sachs.

[@benjaminperez1149]

@@td866 oh my! Please feel free to elaborate.

[@Jerrypie77]

There’s certainly an admixture from Italy, but also from Gaul and the surrounding area as well. As far as the Israel connection, it’s probably smaller than he says, because most Judeans were not brought over to Italy but remained in the Galilee and other parts of the land. A smaller number of men were brought over as slaves, no doubt, but most of Ashkenazi genes are descended from converts to Judaism in the Roman world before Christianity, mostly through the mother’s side. I say all this yet I’m still a staunch Zionist, and I don’t care what Arabs or antisemites say about our connection to Israel.

[@airpaintpellet]

Half of ashkenazi dna is still levantine. Funny enough palestinian Muslims have the same admixture % of levantine as ashkenazim and plot the same amount of distance from the Levant on pca graphs. The majority of the paternal haplogroups of ashkenazim are levantine. J1/J2/E. Found in modern levantine populations and late bronze age remains. Also about 30% of the ashkenazi maternal haplogroups are middle eastern in origin. Ashkenazim are an equal admixture of levantine/european with the European half being mostly northern italian. No Jewish group on earth has a majority maternal direct descendant from ancient Israel. Whether ashkenazim, sephardim or even mizrachim. It's majority paternal with the judaean men taking local wives, converting them then displaying strict endogamy. A women who converts is 100% halachically jewish. These conversions happened 1000-2000 years ago. The men provide the ethnic component and women the religious status. They are still "seed of Israel", direct descendants.

[@Jerrypie77]

@@airpaintpellet J2 haplotype is of Anatolian and Caucasus origin, and can be attributed to original Israelite genes from peoples who’s settled in the land (Hittites, Philistines, etc.) or to conversions in the Roman world from 2 century B.C.E until the Christian era. From what I’ve read, over 90% of Ashkenazic female genes are of European ancestry, very little is of Middle Eastern origin.

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

​@@Jerrypie77 That's an outdated study from 2013 that you're alluding to. New modern and ancient population samples have been identified since then. In my new study "The Maternal Genetic Lineages of Ashkenazic Jews", published last month by Academic Studies Press, I found definitive evidence for the Middle Eastern origins of many significant Ashkenazic female haplogroups including R0a2m, HV1b2, K1a9, K2a2a1, and U1b1. K1a9 is the second most prevalent female haplogroup among Ashkenazim. K2a2a1 is the fourth most prevalent. HV1b2 is the fifth most prevalent. But K1a1b1a could be southern French, V7a is Slavic, and J1c7a is probably German and those are really common too.

[@Jerrypie77]

@@user-jr4kc6lu9q Everyone claims their own study to fit into their own interpretations. The study in 2013 you mentioned is not the same one that I speak of. In any event, my own results for the male and female genetic lines are Q and J respectively. Q has a Siberian origin, and J is European, from what I’ve read, yet both my parents were Ashkenzic Lithuanian Jews. Go figure.

[@user-jr4kc6lu9q]

​@@Jerrypie77 Please provide more detailed resolution for your female haplogroup. J is too broad a category. Where did you get that tested? As for the only Ashkenazic variety of Y-DNA Q, it had moved from Central Asia into the Middle East by the time of the Israelites.

[@carrollrhodes4050]

Henry! O! Henery! I found my "Y" chromosome and began to trace my decendancy back to the Middle East. It goes backwards from Western NC, to New England, England, Portugal, Basque, Italy (Florence and Sicily), Rhodes, Judea. I have "0" genetic structurings for sub-Saraha Africa. However my "Y" chromosome collates quite nicely over the male Ethiopian royal . Yes, King S did have 700 wives! At least two of them were fertile! Roman soldiers brought many Judean slaves back to somewhere in Sicily called Sara-Mesna (I could not find it on any maps.). Enjoyed your video.

[@ItsTheQs]

Thanks for the great content. Something that has puzzled me over the years is how a decent portion of Ashkenazim have very light features (blonde or red hair/blue or green eyes/pale skin), yet are said to have the majority of their origins in the Eastern and Southern Mediterranean. I wonder if strong European admixture is the reason for this - however, if that's the case, then why would the stereotype of an Ashkenazi Jew in Europe from so long ago be red hair and blue eyes, unless they were heavily mixed with European DNA way back then too? And if it's because of heavy admixture, why would we consider them to be of Middle Eastern origin?

[@ItsTheQs]

@Alan Hughes Makes some sense to me. If it were the case that the Jewish lineage from ancient Israel were as diluted as you describe them to be within Ashkenazim, then the public genetic historical narrative could ideally be more clear. Still, there are some Ashkenazim who are quite dark, appearing to be of Mediterranean origins (Jewish, Italian), and some who are quite light, appearing to be of Northern/Central European origins - so it seems to be complicated. There's a case to be made that Jewish ethnic identity is particularly unclear compared to other ethnic identities.

[@Long-Ball-Larry]

​@@ItsTheQsThere are many blue/green eyed and some red/blonde haired and many light skinned Levantines, like Syrians, Lebanese and Palestinians too... and they are not Irish. Blonde hair's origin isn't in Northern Europe either, but comes from steppe people form the Caucasus area afaik - the Levante is not that far away. Then, as Dr Abramson points out there was a lot of admixture (Hellenistic and Roman periods for example). So these can also be pre-bottleneck phenotypes that just made it through (the bottleneck). Who doesn't like a redhead or blonde in a sea of dark haired. But who knows? While there is a "decent portion" of Ashkenazi Jews with those phenotype as you say, it's not the majority. But surely it's a wide spectrum with the majority having Mediterranean features. Then the were also conversion of whole villages in eastern Europe afaik - that doesn't reflect the red hair, blue eyed pre east-migration Ashkenazim though. Look at these Ashkenazi Jewish Kids from Germany... one teacher and one girl (who could pass as ethnic German easily - could be my mom) with blonde hair, the majority looks pretty Mediterranean to me. Some could pass as Levantine "Arabs" in Berlin (my hometown) today. kzbin.info/www/bejne/oX_Sk5SJesiefrM

[@ItsTheQs]

​@Alan Hughes Good points - I agree that ethnic identity isn't pure and most nations have a lot of diversity. I think, though, that the Diaspora makes it more complex than Egyptian, Italian heritage because there is an increased likelihood of greater diversity due to the ongoing movements of Jews throughout diverse lands over long periods of time. For example, the Egyptians and Italians do of course have genetic diversity due to wars, immigration, etc. - but the scope of this diversity is likely lessened due to them having a stationary, territorial epicenter in the Mediterranean (Egypt, Italy). On the other hand, the Sephardim, Mizrahim and Ashkenazim all bring with them a diverse, ethnic gene pool across at least 3 continents, even if they were more culturally disciplined to avoid intermarriage than other migrant groups.

[@condor237]

A lot of Syrians have red hair

[@ItsTheQs]

@@condor237 I recently read a DNA study on Ashkenazi Jews and you might find it interesting that it explicitly stated that Syrians in particular have more European admixture than other Middle Eastern populations, which is why pockets of Syrians are lighter than many of their Arab neighbors.

[@kurakuson]

Russian, Eastern Europe or Turkish DNA?

[@rachelsamuel3328]

Very little to none.

[@mattalan5025]

Dr.Abramson, Always a pleasure. I know that when I have a need for answers concerning Jews and Judaism I can find something you have done that will get to the point, expeditiously and with integrity. Considering the uniqueness of Jewish history, on the down side, Hashem has fit "the Spirited name of Yitzak to all the Tribes I'm sure." Your great smile is a testimony to that. Shalom Shalom and Todah!

[@dragontiger6923]

Your videos are always fascinating señor Abramson , gracias 🙏🏾. This reminded me of Book of Jasher chp 90 . It can be a bit traumatic to have so much mixed blood 🩸 that has bn at war with itself biblically . Buena semana familia.

[@Psychiatrick]

The word "Jew" is not in Torah viz not a real Tribe as set out in Genesis. The word "Jew" dates to a papal (Esau) revolution of about 800 years ago. "Jew" has no relation to any of the 12 Tribes of Israel. By logical deduction we can assert the so-called "Jews" are actually Esau-ites. The Genetic History of the Esau-ites is from Genesis 36:2. This is when Esau mixed blood with Cana'an. In particular, the Hittites who were/are the monetary/military power. Esau is giving the land over to CAna'an in exchange for mammon. June 6 - 11 1967 was the time when Cana'an sent Esau to secure the DNA in the Cave of the Patriarchs. Now, Vatican has the mRNA World War III shot aimed at extinguishing those of the Seed of Abraham. Funny, Esau also has those genetic markers! Vatican: Code of Cana'an law, sodomy, pedophilia, Ba'al priests, pHarma, banking = Cana'anite State of Isn'tRael: The "Jews" are God's chosen people. The land the State of Isn'tRael is situate is the land promised to Israel but is the land God permitted David to purchase from the Hivites. 1948 sees Judah George VI symbolically giving David's land back to Cana'an under the guise of the Ball Four Declaration. Don't you find it rather strange the so-called "Jews" are a chosen people of a god butt the laws of the State of Isn'trael closely resemble a reasonable facsimile of the code of Cana'an law of Vatican as opposed to the [area code] 613 Laws and Commands set out in the Constitution Written in Heaven! Esau has proven it can't be trusted thus no love lost between Cana'an and Esau. Esau also has those DNA markers which places a bullseye on each and everyone of them! Oye Vey!

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@Psychiatrick BOT ALERT!!!

[@sojrnrr8368]

@@rachelsamuel3328 inconvenient truth you mean.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@Psychiatrick For your information there were no more Edomites after the second century CE. After the last of the Idumeans [full 100% Hebrews] were absorbed into the Israelites by John Hyrucanus. God said, *_"Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite, for he is your brother. Thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian, because thou wast a stranger in his land. The children of the third generation that are born unto them, may enter into the assembly of the LORD"_* God sait he would destroy Edom and he did! King Herod's grandfather was brought into the Israelites so after Herod's son Antipater, [the 3rd generation] there are no more Idumeans/Edomites. You are also very ignorant, as Judah himself married a Canaanite as did 2 of his brothers. Your Jesus comes from both Canaanites and Moabites, you know nothing about any of this!

[@jaylaw01]

Really! seem to me another deception there were no Ancient white Jewish people in Egypt. Nor are they the descendant of Jacob. I SEE WISHFUL THINKING!

[@rachelsamuel3328]

All Jews trace back to the Levant. The ancient Israelites were light skinned and blue eyed.

[@jaylaw01]

How is that possible when there was no so call whites in Egypt? That makes no sense. Face the fact we whites was no around! That God for Ancient stone pictures that date back over 3000 yrs.

[@jaylaw01]

@@rachelsamuel3328 All white European have Neanderthals DNA! Fact there were not Homo sapiens! Look it up.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@jaylaw01 You are a laugh. Look up the "Book of Gates" an Egyptian funerary. Depiction where they do not see themselves as black, and have the 4 races that they knew of, 2 of them considered white. The Libyans are very white, and the Syrians/Canaanites/ Israelites as the other white race.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

@@jaylaw01 Europeans are Homo Sapiens Sapiens as all people, and Africans have Neanderthal DNA also. I have no idea what lies you are trying to spread.

[@nylesrobinson4330]

The Thirteenth Tribe is a 1976 book by Arthur Koestler, in which the author advances the thesis that Ashkenazi Jews are not descended from the historical Israelites of antiquity, but from Khazars, a Turkic people. Koestler hypothesized that the Khazars (who may have converted to Judaism in the 8th century) migrated westwards into Eastern Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries when the Khazar Empire was collapsing.

[@jamesr8584]

Turns out Koestler was wrong thanks to modern science.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

The Khazar hypothesis has been debunked by history, Archeology, Linguistics and science (DNA).

[@koopon3900]

Koestler should have stuck to writing fiction… or perhaps he did. The “khazar theory” has been so thoroughly disproved by genetic, literary, linguistic and archeological sources that it’s amazing that anyone still offers it as even remotely credible. Having gone quite far down that rabbit hole, I never saw a single supporting argument from any of the aforementioned fields. The only people that continue to promote this fictive theory are those who for whatever reason want to believe that Ashkenazi Jews are not who all the evidence says they are.

[@zochbuppet448]

Khazar theory not truly disproved, as no real studies were done on the subject or theory, but was POLITICALLY DISPROVED.

[@jamesr8584]

@@zochbuppet448 No real studies that disprove that African Americans originate from Antarctica, so this is a real possibility.

[@JCarpMD]

This is amazing! So interesting! Maybe that is why Jews and Italians get along so well, lol :) Same corporation, different department as the comedians say :)

[@victoriavelascot]

My whole family has a gen called APC, which is only shown on ashkenazi decendats. It's great to understand more about my background.

[@malcolmtyler1673]

judiaism is not in the genes. judiaism is a religion not a race, anyone can become a jew. And that is a quote from a rabbi on a UK tv panel discussion. We have to be honest. People that convert to Christianity, Islam or Buddhism still remain American or British or whatever the country of their birth is. It's a faith issue.

[@rachelsamuel3328]

Not true the Jews are nation of people, they didn't conquer countries and add people to their nation easily. In a religion in 20 minutes you say a few words and become that religion, it takes 1 to 3 years of study, you must go before a rabbinic court, get surgery if male, go to micvah and live in a Jewish community for a year before being accepted into the Jewish people All diaspora Jews are related to each other by DNA and a full 40% trace to just 4 Levantine Women all Jews are cousins,

[@robertleffel3156]

Jews are a people, and anyone can join. A better comparison would be naturalizing to become American or British. Are you claiming that there is no "American people" because anyone can become American?

[@malcolmtyler1673]

@@robertleffel3156 Nope. So-called jews have used the 'people' idea as a 'benefit' that the West has 'fallen for' for decades. However, judaism, just like other World religions, is also, just that, a religion. The idea of 'a people', has enabled the zionsts to 'create' the state of zionist israel - the biggest political problem in the world today.

[@robertleffel3156]

@@malcolmtyler1673 "So called Jews" , really? What a wonderful so-called human being you are. Jews were referring to themselves as a people and were accepted as such by others for millennia, long before so called West. The idea that Jews is "just a religion" is relatively new and postdates the French revolution. Some Jews accepted it, most did not. What's important is that gentiles such as you don't get to define who the Jews are. As for Israel's creation, you'll have to get over it, dude. If you think it's the world's biggest problem, it's just your opinion, not a fact. Mine is different. But it's interesting how the denial of Jewish heritage anreven a Jewish identity ("so called Jews" in your lingo) goes hand in hand with primitive Jew bashing and poisonous anti-semitism, masquerading as "anti-zionism"

[@malcolmtyler1673]

@@robertleffel3156 Robert, you obviously found my comment offensive by sarcastically referring to my questionable status as a human being. I will refrain from being so personal. Maybe you could learn too, as well. I stand by my comment, some of the substance of which you have ignored. I actually quoted a rabbi who pointed out the issue of race vs religion regarding judaism. That person said on TV that judaism is not a race, pointing out that people can convert to judaism. However, you stick with your curious view. By the way anyone can define what a jew is, you don't own the description. You are just another human being whose religion is judaism, in my humble opinion.

[@LordWard78]

Ashkenaz...son of Japeth...dwells in in the isle of the Gentiles

[@NONEOFYOURBIZ69]

Does this study include any DNA from the Iberian peninsula?