The Isolation of Natural Products: Morphine and Other Alkaloids

[@soonycaesaer8728]

Can't belive we are getting this for free

[@higorjr4101]

This guy is amazing and insane haha

[@blindwatchmaker2345]

i had to pay for my heroin and opioids 😒😒😁

[@iridiumFalcon]

I get my morphine freee

[@maxwellonyx9559]

@Winston Jamir definitely, I have been using InstaFlixxer for months myself =)

[@michaelb.42112]

@@blindwatchmaker2345 Me too !! :(

[@johnwong8146]

This was an incredible amount of interesting information packed in about 13 minutes. You are amazing. Thank you for making this!

[@truescotsman4103]

morphine is an amazing drug i have decades of experience using this drug to survive. i have somatoform disorder with chronic pain and about every 6-8 months i need a tiny dose to correct some imbalance in my endorphine system. after i take 2mg per day for about 5-7 days i still haven't developed a dependence and its job is done. my homeostasis returns and im able to cope and eat and go to work without constant multiple attacks of extreme abdominal pain requiring me to be in bed for anywhere from 4hrs to 2 weeks. the cycle repeats itself so im assuming im depleting my bodies own endorphins and somehow morphine stimulates my body to return to balance after i stop using it. im seeing the dr next week to discuss this effect. i have a feeling that my problem stems from taking 90mg a day of morhphine for about 9 years. changes occurred that are permanent.

[@thomasneal9291]

interesting. thanks.

[@christinearmington]

Very interesting. Thank you.

[@Cbd_7ohm]

Absolutely. The drug war is the biggest farce.

[@GazB85]

Your body can replace endogenous opioids, it's tolerance to exogenous mu agonist opioids that are the problem.

[@GazB85]

@@2nostromo You think it tastes disgusting? I think it's bitter, spicy and kinda grassy cause of the chlorophyll. Unfortunately it isn't a cure for your IBS, it just treats the symptoms. When you say 'addicted' do you mean dependent? Cause even doctor's get dependence and addiction wrong. Dependence ie where your body needs the substance and will go into withdrawal without it. Addiction is where you constantly increase the dose chasing the euphoria.

[@chillazchillazius7634]

It looks like as if you put way more effort into the visual storytelling part in this one. I like that approach very much.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

That's because I've got a pro animator working on this series!

[@chillazchillazius7634]

@@ProfessorDaveExplains very nice work! I work in Motiongraphics and 3D Animation and I know how much work that is. He or she is doing a great job and you should keep doing it that way if you can in my opinion!

[@Zyrean7007]

@@chillazchillazius7634 thanks!

[@黄蟮]

​@@ProfessorDaveExplainsBrother, you are a genius, have you ever made oxytocin? I'm very curious about this, how is it extracted from the ergot fungus, I really want to extract it myself, can you teach me?

[@soilmanted]

Although Friedrick Serturner later became a pharmacist, when he published about isolating morphine from Papaver somniferum, he was a pharmacists assistant. He did not have enough education to become a pharmacist. There was little to believe he ever would. However once he published, he gained a degree of fame which allowed him to pursue a further education, and eventually he became a pharmacist. Recent archeological evidence suggests that Papaver somniferum was one of the first plants cultivated, at the dawn of agriculture, about 8000 years ago.

[@doodad77]

Papaver somniferum, enuff said😁pleasant dreams

[@tess7656]

Fuckin druggo 😂

[@santicruz4012]

This is my favourite series in your channel!

[@Felixkeeg]

Merck definitely deserves an episode for himself. The guy had isolated and characterized over 800 pure(!) compounds, which were up for sale at any time. And that was the mid 1800s

[@saturn1returns]

MDMA came from Merck too.

[@GazB85]

@@saturn1returns Not the original guy but the company did create it during WW1.

[@Papion.777]

@@GazB85 who was? Interesting stuff

[@Papion.777]

That old? MDMA

[@yessure5792]

what a legend!

[@tRumbewas]

Thanks

[@ronokplays]

Especially the opening, amazing stuff man

[@GazB85]

How did Serturner 'enrol' the animals? I like how he got the local kids involved. "Hey kid's, wanna try some pure morphine?"

[@avael2451]

Would be awesome to see this series continued into the 20th century by discussing the development of antibiotics and hormone drugs as well as their semisyntheses :D

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

That's where it's headed!

[@brittanyjacobson5199]

Wonderful, very excited to be getting more in this series.

[@topiasr628]

Very facilitating! Also 👋 distant relative

[@AbhinavSingh04]

Congratulations for 1.2 million subscribers 🥳

[@DemDoolies]

Sure this dude was super irresponsible with his experiment, but I gotta give him credit for taking the morphine himself!

[@masterzoroark6664]

Well, yeah- gotta have balls to participate in your own experiment.

[@GazB85]

1.5 grains is 96mg Orally for a first timer at a recreational (Somnolent/Nodding.) dose it's only 20mg of morphine. So they would of all been fucked, unless Serturner had a tolerance, which I assume he did. The kid's could have too, considering how common laudanum (Opium Tincture) was back then and everything it was used for.

[@tinafoster8665]

@@GazB85 yes but the vinegar afterwards undoubtedly gave them a hangover which was really What affected them, the guy was super irresponsible with his experiment for not starting with just dried laudanum, n taking the same equivalent, say 30 mg of his dried laudanum to 30 mg of his morphine isolate, and give them to people who are actually suffering from diarrhea which is a lot of what laudanum was expected to do, to just give people opium extract without having any of the medical conditions which people took them for, it seems a little irresponsible for a pharmaceutical chemist LOL

[@HauntedHarmonics]

@@tinafoster8665 self administration was and is a huge part of medicinal chemistry, and without the self-experiments of chemists like Shulgin we’d likely still be decades behind in the field of chemistry that being said, yeah, it’s important to titrate doses up slowly. just giving yourself and 3 teenagers 50mg of mystery powder and seeing what happens probably isn’t the smartest move lol

[@BushyHairedStranger]

@@HauntedHarmonics you need to take into consideration the century this was work was happening, context applies to actions conducted. Albert Hofmann is responsible for one of the most important discoveries in World history. His work with Ergot Alkaloids is unprecedented and few Organic Chemists have surpassed his discoveries.

[@vishnuprakashbharadwaj3211]

Hey! Professor Dave, could you make a video on metallurgical processes and isolation of metals?

[@toxikspeaks3523]

Yus! I'm here for it! Pleeaaaseee daaavvveee

[@mitch3384]

I worked in a copper smelter for a number of years, taking molten matte and refining it in a Pierce-Smith Converter from around 50% purity to about 90%. Also ran the anode furnace for a while, which takes copper from 90% to about 99%. If you're interested in that side of it, ask away. Super fun job if you don't mind hard work and heat.

[@catdurrant5694]

First channel that I have subscribed to in the first 10 seconds, purely based on the intro! Bring the science!

[@thomasrodriguez9864]

Randomly suggested video. I like it.

[@BushyHairedStranger]

Sandoz Pharmaceutical(Novartis) made monumental strides in Alkaloid research. Specifically work with Ergotamines.

[@choosen1130]

As a pharmacy student I really find this interesting

[@dredank]

Did u ever make the narcotics video u mentioned with dia morphine

[@-azerima5039]

This video is so well made. I think a better title would help it loads.

[@godara2op566]

Thanks man I was feeling less motivated to study science as the science we study is too abstract. Problem solving is more prioritised than communication with the subject. Regards

[@zyern2822]

Seriously.

[@michielvandemeent4454]

Great vid. One point however; the image at 1:50 shows eight structures, only two of which are actually alkaloids...

[@beerpigs9764]

I cant get over how good these videos are such a dope playlist i definitely am gonna check out microbiology next

[@karyngarrison]

I like your lingo that you Incorporated that's "Dope" , that you said "Dope" 😎.. There are dopamine receptors in our brains and when those things release the feel-good chemicals it's very very very very very very like the chemicals and similar to like feeling really really good or a high from opioids. And then if the opioid over triggers that so much it over releases the dopamine and then when you go back to natural like that's where the withdrawal like will come in but that's why you got to take it at a slow pace but I think I'm just saying like you know that's a little kinky with the you know crazy like bad on the morphine thing that I think it's might be a little bit of a whip on top of you know what I mean but I like it I still say dope too. ANYWAY THAT'S JUST A LITTLE TIDBIT TO SAY HI YOU'RE AWESOME I HOPE YOU'RE ALWAYS BLESSED AND HOPE YOU PROSPER AND YEAH THAT'S WHERE THE WORD IS DERIVED FROM I WISH YOU WELL .

[@beerpigs9764]

@@karyngarrison hahaha thank u! 👍

[@ronokplays]

I’d like to make content like this later in life. Such a goal

[@TjallieBrrr]

Posting this comment before watching the video so I might be able to answer my own question, but; I scoured the internet and couldn't find anything about mitragynine being a freebase alkaloid, oil or a salt and what that salt form is or might be. Neither did "mitragynine citrate" show up as an actual moleculair salt form besides simply naming it as the substance used in the study ( which weren't many at all )? No synthesis no anything really it's still such an obscure substance. Now i am very hyped to watch your videos. Peace

[@DakuHonoo]

woah i watched this due to a meme conversation about morphine and found such quality content, i'm subscribing, video's both informative and very well visually composed

[@beckypots1]

I was told that in Iran the dried poppy is brewed into tea, 1 head per 4 people, is this a likely story? Would boiling water extract a paid relieving tea?

[@danielgonzalez-yp7hi]

Yes

[@maartenperdeck798]

sure

[@dominiquedoeslife]

The fact that you used the term "complex dependency patterns" instead of misusing the word "addiction" tells me that you're both knowledgeable and unbiased. I just subscribed. Psychopharmacology was one of my areas of focus when I went to school for my psychology degree. Your channel is as informative and interesting as any of the classes I took at the private university I attended. (Edited and reposted this, because I'm a grammar nazi and I had made a spelling error in my original comment)🤦🏻‍♀️

[@grantflippin7808]

"Complex dependency patterns" sounds like something an addict would say to excuse their behavior...

[@hankhill3365]

@@grantflippin7808 both u are right tbh

[@BushyHairedStranger]

@@grantflippin7808 Heroin is awesome. You’re just afraid to try it because you’re already a slave to your ego. That said & known, if you ever tried Heroin, in place of talking shit about those who have, you’d know the power & the glory of the almighty King of Drugs! Smack City would make you slave numero uno!

[@grantflippin7808]

@@BushyHairedStranger imagine being addicted to hydrocodone (big pharma heroine) for your entire time at high-school. It only ended when my stash was stolen during a break in and had to experience the worst pain I have ever experienced from the withdrawal.

[@Guidus125]

fantastic video!

[@xavierperez6739]

Excellent video, thank you for making these videos! It’s very thorough and I can’t tell you how appreciated that is.

[@VerasakSahachaisaree]

Superb lecture, Prof. Dave. Thank so much.

[@davidhalliday616]

What a phenomenal video, great job

[@CJay-xq7dh]

You’ve gained me as a sub, what a great, informative video on this topic

[@studybuddy9442]

He knows a lot about science stuff professor dave explains 😘

[@denguevirus135]

Waiting for the next video on this series

[@Eatmorepaper]

love how when youre talking about semisynthetic derivatives you convert morphine into morphine but its turned sideways

[@UNIRockLIVE]

Learning more with every upload

[@backstreetfan2887]

thank you for doing these

[@Papion.777]

Thank you for the information. The simple brakedown

[@akshaybisht901]

How can you remove alkaloids from hemp seed & what is the isolation process & synthesis, what is the application of those alkaloids, any reference regarding in this. I am happy to know more about it.

[@thekeymaker-ey5rk]

Amzing doco 👏👏👏

[@nathanielf48]

Very interesting although the poppy blowing in the wind is not an opium poppy

[@strangelee4400]

I have a couple of red and a few purple poppies growing in my garden. I was worried about it. As long as they are not the drug ones I guess I'm safe.

[@science_and_anonymous]

keynote: An alkaloid MUST contain basic nitrogen. If a phytochemical does not contain such, in the example of a flavonoid such as apigenin, it is not truly an alkaloid.

[@mohamadbaha6791]

rat randomly chiling in lab sertuner be like would not that make u a candidate for this experiment?

[@opiyumpharma5556]

Codiene is not technically not synthetic - It is an Opiate, produced in the poppy alongside morphine and thebaine, However due to the larger demand of codiene, for direct use or for further processing into other opioids, the large majority of morphine extracted from poppys is converted to codiene, around 80 to 90%

[@Gruwg2024]

“Sir Robert Robinson” what a legendary name

[@Gman_4041]

Such quality content. We love you professor Dave!

[@geraldomedrano5558]

Awesome video!!! Thank you for the lesson

[@sydneyhunt6681]

Amazing and to the point wish more open spoken words to come 😁

[@barrypurves4524]

Hypnos was the God of Sleep but unto his son Morphius did he give the power of Deams. Thus partakers of Morphius' extract were subject to dissorienting dreams. Anyone who has had it prescribed will verify this ancient wisdom........bear

[@maxdangers]

The mouse was last seen headed in the direction of the local pawn shop with his grandmother's jewellery.

[@ArzybgVideeoo-ng9oc]

D-money bag$ mickey

[@index1html]

Great work ❤

[@pritammaji670]

Morphine is one of the best secondary metabolites🔥🔥🔥

[@rylandavis2976]

What's with him saying that nicotine is "extremely toxic" I'd love to see a research paper on that if you have a source. It's definitely not "extremely toxic" at least not in it's isolated form. Last i checked there was no evidence that nicotine was even really a real carcinogen although there is evidence that it can promote blood vessel growth in an already active tumor. Nicotine is actually pretty safe in safe doses probably within the ballpark of caffeine "toxicity" which mostly consists of stressing the circulatory system (when not in overdose). I'm pretty shocked that you would say it's "extremely toxic" given your previous toxicity is in the dose speech. We do not evidence for nicotine being extremely toxic at all in isolate forms. Things like nicotine gum show no widespread serious long term complications such as smoking. But if you have research showing different id love to see it

[@galileog8945]

What "research" do you need? Nicotine is an extremely poisonous compound. Its LD50 is 0.5 mg/Kg, which makes it more toxic than cyanide. It is all relative of course, but as far as chemicals go, very few things are more toxic than nicotine.

[@janedesign5758]

Same here, it is not toxic.

[@callisto524]

he means that it takes a small amount to overdose

[@callisto524]

for example, fentanyl is highly highly toxic. borax is also toxic. is is alcohol. just not as so.

[@rylandavis2976]

@callisto524 The first thing they teach in pharmacology/toxicology school is "the dose makes the poison" I would recommend taking that class. And no, toxicity is not the same thing as overdose potential. If you eat 5 grams of caffeine you're probably going to die, same if you take an inappropriately large dose of fentanyl. The vast vast majority of the negative health effects of smoking do not come from nicotine, they come from putting stuff in your lungs that is not air, which contains stuff that is moderately toxic and has a high chance of causing you severe problems in a few decades. And no, alcohol is not less toxic than fentanyl. It is substantially more toxic, alcohol is a neurotoxin, and will wreck your liver from toxic metabolic pathways, fentanyl, caffeine, and nicotine do not have toxic pathways like this. Fentanyl Is dangerous because it can be very addictive and create incentives for taking more than you can handle, when you OD on fentanyl your body isn't being wrecked by the fentanyl through toxic pathways, the drug is doing it's Job which is to sedate you, you just took way too much and got so sleepy you stopped breathing. Fentanyl is incredibly safe and non toxic and it is used all the time in medicine.

[@HitmanR97]

Dude, nice video!

[@Unraveled]

I can't believe how scientists just experimented on themselves and others just expecting to see what happened. Dangerous, but a little funny.

[@RicoCreations]

Great way to present the field in a lay friendly level 👍🏼👍🏼Two thumbs up!

[@joesteadman343]

We went from blind experimentation to building space ships.... I wonder what tech other species have created?

[@Talkwithtina808]

Omg, I'm in Mexico and just met a couple that was talking about this same thing.

[@SirElbert]

Thank you Prof. Dave

[@Mr-Probability-Storm]

I have recently been studying isoquinoline for parasitic control or resistance.. I had asked for clindymic and quinine for blood treatment and was denied and I have recently discovered its among opioid family 😅 .. no wonder they said no in their mind I asked for clindymic and morphine 😅... I am a rub 😅 ... How ever my 1 day of simply observation and common knowledge has awoken me to a holy Grail of medical herbology... The simple similarity's in the chinchoa tree. And another plant I have off hand .. I obviously have no chinchoa trees 😅 .. But one look at the chinchoa tree and I see the similarities in another plant ... Not commonly on the list of isoquinoline plants ... The common white snow berry . Wax berry or ghost berry of the honey suckle family .. caprifoliacae.. family ... The plant is an isoquinoline plant 😅 .... And is secretly the holy Grail of berries 😅 crazy .. you could make liquid morphine out of these berries but it would be potentially unstable .. I want to mix them with blueberries to cure me but if turned into alkaloids .. home made liquid morphine... 😅 Crazy ... This means the northern climate has its own isoquinoline plant to eliminate importations of opioids 😅 ... This needs to be in the hands of a true professional...

[@chris73brown]

Awesome. Thx for this

[@BRIANOKEEFFE1]

4:57 not opium poppy pod. Some other strain. Glitch in the,

[@dandylandpuffplaysminecraf8744]

Flanders poppy is one name. They grew in the trench warfare fields after the Great War. The field of Flanders were barren, poppies need light for the seeds to germinate so they outgrew all other plants creating a red field. The blood red poppies came to symbolize the war dead and wounded veterans. Paper poppies are worn on 11/11.

[@dredank]

So cancer has existed since man? Are there plants also carcinogenic to animals?

[@00bean00]

Dr , where is the thumbnail painting from? I would really like to find these

[@Fjohre]

Big shout out to all the people that died throughout time testing drugs for us...?

[@richardwilliamsiv3778]

Wish you had mentioned how aspirin and heroin are synthesized via the same reaction, using an agent that acetylates the starter natural product into what we call aspirin and heroin.

[@willsgarden6740]

Amazing video

[@traepetersen6199]

I can't believe they won't let you Fullscreen this

[@deliciousness8183]

Can anyone point me to the exact process of extracting morphine?

[@danielgonzalez-yp7hi]

My reply keeps getting deleted 😡

[@ManpreetSingh-yt786]

How ammonia is precipitate

[@mattwaldren]

I recommend having a small pause or break throughout your videos, perhaps by separating the video into three separate parts/sections/chapters. Otherwise, to the viewer/listener, the video can come across as a gushing, unending torrent of information for 12+ minutes. Just trying to help. Otherwise, love the videos.

[@AndreeaTrandafirFlagshipMed]

I am always amazed about the progress of medicine and I wonder how would I react if I could live for a day in different periods of the past but also in the future. I wonder how will our children or grandchildren think about medicine from the 2020s. 😅😂

[@masterzoroark6664]

Some probably will be baffled by the return of some to the make belief cures, but the fast acting to get the Covid vaccines will definetly impress them

[@brannonmcclure6970]

That is so informative. I am wondering about narcotics as well. Could we find other substances to medicinal interest? The night is short… .

[@MilkoAtchev]

Regarding the %-ages of morphine that you mention at 5:07 - these are not morphine content in dry poppy pods, but morphine content in raw opium. On average morphine content in poppy pods is ~0.3%. Great content though!👍

[@BushyHairedStranger]

Milko Atchev the average claims to morphine content % vary wildly in the Poppy as mentioned in the video. There are cultivars that have been manipulated over decades to produce high concentrations in the latex.

[@FrancisHatton]

Odd a plants defence is to save it not make u dependant UNLESS thats the plants plan ......

[@joshuabaldwin8751]

More of a plant using chemicals to promote it's spread once a mammal tastes it especially humans next thing you know another species is planting you in every nook and corner it can. What a way of hijacking another living to do you work for you to spread and proliferate. I think cannabis employees the same

[@joshuabaldwin8751]

More of a plant using chemicals to promote it's spread once a mammal tastes it especially humans next thing you know another species is planting you in every nook and corner it can. What a way of hijacking another living to do you work for you to spread and proliferate. I think cannabis employees the same

[@lsd25records]

awesome video ... thanks.

[@shatteredreality87]

It is truly amazing how God has blessed humanity with every single thing we need to survive. Yet some will say it is all just luck of the draw.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

If we didn't have the things we need to survive, we wouldn't be here to think about it. It's like a puddle of water remarking at how convenient it is that it's sitting in a hole of precisely its own shape. Please exercise better logic.

[@flyback_driver]

9:07 yeah back in the day I used to take diacetylmorphine and eventually convert it into 6-acetlymorphine. I suppose I was conducting my own biochemical studies but jokes aside don't do heroin kids.

[@kg-Whatthehelliseventhat]

Good day, Would you mind replying to me? I could use some help with what you stated in your comment.

[@BushyHairedStranger]

Mighty Morphine Power Rangers. Powered by Smack

[@rastodulla1083]

Nice video, but you should correct information about poppy pods morphine content. Your numbers are probably correct for opium latex, but not for pods. Average dry poppy pods contain less than 1% of morphine (0.5% is common), only special breeded varieties could be up to 2%.

[@sydneyhunt6681]

Do you know how much calcium hydroxide to use ph ect before adding ammonium to get free base I find it all interesting stuff and yes I think the dead poppy heads have the levels you say

[@rastodulla1083]

@@sydneyhunt6681 In theory, morphine is not very soluble in water at pH 9.1 and should precipitate from a solution. But in practice, things are almost always different.

[@sydneyhunt6681]

@@rastodulla1083 I looked at loads of papers lol I get it needs ph 9.1 but how much or how high ph do you go with calcium hydroxide before you lower it with ammonium to 9.1 that information seems to be very hard to find lol anyway thanks buddy for getting back

[@rastodulla1083]

@@sydneyhunt6681 i saw somewhere online that it should be 11. iirc for decreasing pH back to 9, ammonium chloride should be used, not ammonium.

[@Sketch1994]

Who really believes bleeding opium when your skin is cut is good defense mechanism?

[@rohanjagdale97]

Huge fan of you :)

[@nicholaseachus5937]

I want to make it

[@lion5452]

I have ammonia ???

[@Meike164]

I can harvest opium in my back yard. I have a lot of pretty poppies

[@serenenedal4449]

Professor Dave, I truly don’t know how to thank you for this video, I’ve taken this lecture in college in a subject called Phytochem 2, the lecture was indescribably boring and my prof was a dick and i ended up not getting any knowledge from it , and here you are being my lord and savior 🥹❤️

[@garywood5882]

Professor Dave, could you do a vid on how to synthesize alpha methylphenethylamine ... asking for a friend...

[@iridiumFalcon]

I second this.. also asking for a friend

[@danielgonzalez-yp7hi]

I 3rd this …, asking for myself 😂

[@Talkwithtina808]

God created the earth so we could live off it.🙌🏾

[@tajinderbir7690]

Hi

[@kali6651]

No, he didn't. No such thing as God. Sad to see you believe in god when the bible explicitly states you are allowed to own and beat slaves.

[@PaulBrown-uj5le]

God doesn't exist, it's all nonsense and if you don't understand that you're stupid.

[@joshuahickson4976]

@@PaulBrown-uj5le go back to Reddit

[@asraksabah3673]

Good

[@I-kd3cz]

thanks!!!!🎉

[@نعیمصادقیصادقی]

سلام‌میتوانید‌فیلم‌ازساخت‌هروعین‌بگزارید

[@flyback_driver]

What if he had given the vinegar too soon and produced 3-acetamorphine or diamorph. I know it's technically not anhydride but what if...

[@angelicazambrano]

Interesting, I wonder who had the bright ideas to chase the dragon for fun?

[@patldennis]

Tour has all of his sycophants convinced we isolate raw materials for synthetic DNA from natural sources bc we have no other alternative, rather than bc even though we can, it's just cheaper and easier to use a shortcut. I predict that for the ones that wander over here without paying attention this video will only fan the flames.

[@ProfessorDaveExplains]

Fortunately precisely none of them are interested in learning anything so they avoid my academic tutorials like the plague.

[@lostSempaiWissame]

Sooo interesting

[@shaswatsatyam]

Thank you Professor dave for all your hard work.

[@s0umyendustudies]

And your hairstyle became like Newton 😍😂

[@Avery_____]

I ❤️ Heroin

[@vongirlvnpnk]

🤣🤣🤣at least ur honest