The Kingdom of Gwynedd (410 - 878)

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From Geo Perspective: / @geoperspective
The Kingdom of Gwynedd was a powerful and influential state in Britain during the Middle Ages. Although much smaller and weaker than its rapidly arriving neighbours, the Anglo-Saxons, the Welsh of Gwynedd were more than capable of defending their homeland, and carving out their place in the history of Wales with a rich history marked with conflict, defiance and song.
Wales, and Welsh history, is often overlooked in the history of Britain, its existence merely a footnote in the much larger and more influential writings from England, Scotland and Ireland.
Sometimes it's nice to explore the footnotes of history, buried underneath pages and volumes of books, and hours of content made about the bigger countries, lies unspoken and unwatched stories, from places that have every right to be heard.
So today, I'm bringing that to you. From the country that gave you the longbow, radar, and the NHS, to the world that gave us the internet, better-tasting food, and weather that included more than two days of sun per year.
I hope you enjoy.
Part 2: • The Kingdom of Gwynedd...
Reference List:
Bartrum, P.C. (1993). A Welsh classical dictionary : people in history and legend up to about A.D. 1000. [online] Aberystwyth National Library of Wales, pp.494, 172, 262, 94, 500, 643, 428, 84, 91, 81, 90, 435, 638, 115, 188-189, 425-426, 540-541, 637-638, 16, 539, 82. Available at: www.library.wales/discover/di....
Davies, J. (2007). A History of Wales. London: Penguin, pp.43-158.
Davies, W. (1982). Wales in the early Middle Ages. Leicester: Leicester University Press ; Atlantic Highlands, Nj, pp.5-14.
Todd, M. (2007). A companion to Roman Britain. Malden, Ma: Blackwell Pub, pp.60-72.
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Artist: chriszabriskie.com/
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#wales

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thanks for watching this old video, everyone. It’s been getting some more attention over the past day, no doubt because I mentioned it in my latest video. In case you missed it, the reference to Cadwaladr’s dragon at 4:20 isn’t really correct, and I go into detail about it much more in this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/apyZo2iBoNmmZtUsi=tyw_30sXdl1RRyXv Also, I hope it was clear that when I said “women (specifically Esyllt) can’t inherit” that that was because of Welsh law, rather than just being something completely untrue! Diolch.

[@adamgetzendanner]

Finally someone outside of History Time is making Welsh history too. I love History Time but he’s only scratched the surface of awelsh History!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you! I really liked History Time’s video on Cadwallon but I wasn’t aware that they had made more videos on Welsh history, I hope you continue to enjoy my channel!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles maybe check out, Max Adam's book,the King in the North, about King/Saint Oswald who Tolkein based Aragorn on...

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@eamonnclabby7067 I’ll definitely check that book out, thanks for the recommendation!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Hi everyone, this video has been really growing over the past few days, it reached 1k views last week and now has over 1,800! I want to say a big thank you to everyone watching, there are many more Welsh history videos on the way so make sure to subscribe and let me know what you’d like to see next!

[@CambrianChronicles]

@bina nocht thank you for watching!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles congratulations...

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@eamonnclabby7067 thank you!

[@Betherek]

Good luck with the channel mate! I will binge the videos as I am interested in this part of history.

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@Betherek thank you so much!

[@marcduhamel-guitar1985]

As a lover of history, and a player of CK3, I greatly appreciate these videos! This is the second of your videos that I watch, happy to have subscribed!! Cheers!

[@hazbojangles2681]

I’m Scottish and Welsh History is my favourite out of the entire UK!

[@edwardstd52]

Great stuff! Having some ancestors who came from Gwynedd and some from Ceredigion, this is very interesting. Unfortunately all were peasants so no luck being related to any of the fancy pants people listed in this video. 😟

[@CambrianChronicles]

Well since these people were from so long ago, you're actually almost certainly related to the monarchs in this video in some way, even if it's only distantly!

[@edwardstd52]

@@CambrianChronicles Could be. It would be nice to know that once upon a time some ancestor was a bit more than just a peasant. I have only been able to go back through the records in the Gwynedd county office and in the National Library to sometime in the 1700s. Maybe someday we'll dig up more. 😁

[@magicnessoflight2122]

I've been interested in the formation of Wales recently so this video has been perfect. Will be interesting to see what else you do

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you for watching! There will be many more Welsh history videos in the near future

[@Narmatonia]

6:23 I've literally played this section in Crusader Kings II

[@linmanfu913]

Just discovered this channel and looking forward to hours of Welsh history. Diolch for making this!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thanks for watching it! They get a lot better as time goes on

[@jeevanrehal3324]

this video is amazing and informative! Thanks for your amazing presentation I learnt a lot ☺️

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you so much! I’m glad you enjoyed the video

[@geraldinehughes4490]

Ah, “The Poets” and “The Poems” are the only one’s that are not “outdated”. Glory be! Thank you dear Sir, marvelous and just plain “smashing”. Peace and Vitality, Geraldine

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you so much for watching, I’m glad you enjoyed!

[@foggy561]

I enjoyed this very much. According to a very elaborate family tree that my family has been working for many generations I am a direct descendant of Cunedda Wledig through Einion Yrth's son Owain Ddantgwyn who may very well be King Arthur.

[@rhysrowlands1818]

Great video man! Thanks for making it, looking forward to more!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you I’m glad you enjoyed! The second part will be here soon!

[@rondoetaylor847]

These are some, if not most, of my direct ancestors and I’m so glad to learn about them 🎉 thanks for the information

[@jamesnave1249]

Great video! Great to see more content out there touching on the less extensively covered areas of the British isles. Really looking forward to more content from you!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you, there's more to come and I'm really glad you enjoyed it!

[@j-mez6956]

Great video! I just subscribed! And wow 3:14 made me laugh hysterically

[@CambrianChronicles]

Haha thanks so much! I’m glad you enjoyed

[@beargamingyo4581]

Thx for this video about the underrated History of this country 😁😁😁😁🤩🤩🤩, also fun fact someone of the family of one of my distant cousins was a descendant of the Barry family who was herself descending from the Warrior King Cunedda 😁

[@DoctorCymraeg]

Loving this video. Whereas your pronunciations are awesome, just remember that EVERY C in Welsh is pronounced as K 👍 Cynan = Kun-ann

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you! and yes I unfortunately messed that up somehow, thank you for the correction!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles so that is where the present day Keenans origin saint name came from...busy place .the Irish sea...

[@mercianthane2503]

I'll enjoy this, very, very much.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you! The Mercians don’t make as much of an appearance in the second part so enjoy them while you can!

[@mercianthane2503]

@@CambrianChronicles HAHA, no, I mean, i'm enjoying this video and the info. You don't find topics about the history of Wales or Ireland as much in YT.

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@mercianthane2503 Penda the last pagan King of Mercia was reputedly of Anglian and Welsh ancestry, one geography example being present day Walsall = Valley of the Welsh ,his granddaughter Werburgh is venerated here on the wirral peninsula and Chester with several churches named after her ,best wishes from the Hiberno Norse peninsula of the wirral...E

[@mercianthane2503]

@@eamonnclabby7067 His name does look welsh. Penda reminds me of the welsh word "pen" which means "head".

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@mercianthane2503 Mercia appeared much more comfortable living alongside their Welsh neighbours ,in terms of blood fines being roughly equal, same went for their Northern Angle neighbours in Northumbria where the population merged...

[@andreww2319]

Great job and a sharp wit.

[@PrivateBeerStash]

Great video, love the visuals.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you, I’m glad you enjoyed!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

Good stuff,best wishes from a very wet and windy wirral peninsula across the river Dee....E

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you for watching!

[@ilikethiskindatube]

I can't believe the king of Rhos didn't beat the Mercians with the power of Wnagi

[@cecileroy557]

The more I learn - the more I realize how much I have yet to learn!!! Thank you sooo much for this!!!

[@Clint52279]

Kingdom of "Ross?" I hope you heard me groan all the way across the Atlantic! 😆

[@CambrianChronicles]

Haha, thank you so much for watching!

[@Aity7]

It was great ! Thank you 🙂👍

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you for watching!

[@H4Z4RD5]

I love the historia Civilis vibes from this channel, do i sense some inspiration?

[@cheesus7672]

Somebody in a history discord group shared this video - tell me more 💪🏻

[@CambrianChronicles]

I’m glad you enjoyed! Thanks for sharing, I hope everyone liked it!

[@imaad2042]

Bro will you cover whole Welsh History?

[@CambrianChronicles]

Yes!

[@imaad2042]

@@CambrianChronicles Thanks bro, I subscribed

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@imaad2042 Thank you so much! I’m glad you enjoyed

[@fringeflix]

Wales has some of the most interesting history out of anywhere on the British Isles. I love their history, everything in it is so interesting. PS: I made sure to subscribe. I like where this series is going and I know how long stuff like this takes :)

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you so much that means a lot! I love niche history topics so I’ll definitely check your channel out too!

[@fringeflix]

@@CambrianChronicles Haha I didn't realize my name was that on-the-nose but I guess it works lol 😅 keep up the good work my man

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles I like the was that the wirral was mentioned ( in Welsh ) in the medieval poem of sir Gawain and the green knight....Merlin even gets a mention or two in local author Tom Sleman,s tales of haunted Wirral

[@damienc.6448]

I never thought I wanted to learn about Welsh history, but here I am.

[@AlexReads1613]

I’m really loving your videos; didn’t know how interesting Welsh history is😅

[@CambrianChronicles]

Glad to hear it!

[@xenon23601]

It seems that Rhodri Mawr is on my family tree. And I bet many others. Great work

[@ysmaliwr]

My new favourite channel.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you!

[@neilog747]

Fantastic, funny and highly informative!

[@laurengregson107]

Thank you so much for the information

[@CambrianChronicles]

I'm glad you enjoyed it!

[@jeevanrehal3324]

Bröther please release next part video

[@CambrianChronicles]

Currently working on it!

[@MaryLuCrafts]

"Maelgwn did what everyone does on a typical family barbecue: he killed his uncle, took his land, established a capital at Degannwy, and then died of 'yellow fever'".... I'm sorry what?

[@jeevanrehal3324]

It smeel bad ?

[@jeevanrehal3324]

Hi from spaeen! Biggest fan so much lurve 👁👄👁 for these welshé descendants

[@Jamestele1]

Well done! Concise and relevant, yet compelling summary of the origin and history of my Dad's ancestral home. Diolch yn fawr!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you! I'm glad you enjoyed it

[@jeremywales8]

Interesting, thank you. ☺️🤙🏻✨

[@CambrianChronicles]

You're welcome!

[@cliffhorman6846]

Really enjoyed it

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you!

[@reddragon99100]

Good video.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you!

[@sidgriffith1592]

Great video. I've done an extensive dive into my Y-DNA and it points me to this region. Good job.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you! If you have ancestry from this area then you’ll definitely be distantly related to some of the people in this video

[@sidgriffith1592]

@@CambrianChronicles My wife says I'm a "royal pain" sometimes. It's starting to make sense now. :)

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@sidgriffith1592 Mrs C says similar...

[@kennethbautista3456]

have anything about the howells ? in welsh its hywel ?

[@richardmathews6236]

Cynon is pronounced with a hard C , Kynon. But spot on otherwise

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thanks for the correction! I’ll make sure to correct it for future videos

[@jeevanrehal3324]

Wales has some of british food

[@CambrianChronicles]

Unfortunately

[@budmcguck7447]

Could you make a video about High King Máelsechnaill II of Ireland, who died 2 September 1022?

[@CambrianChronicles]

Sure, I’m planning to do a few one-off videos that aren’t about Wales eventually, I’ll try and take a look at him

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles maybe a post on Ingismund and his warband,s brief sojourn in Anglesey before being granted land on the wirral by Athelflaed ,the lady of the Mercians ..

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@eamonnclabby7067 good idea, thanks for the suggestion!

[@chriswood426]

im english and i would love to see the welsh dragon on front of the union flag. how ace would our flag look?

[@darrenjones-yb1cq]

Haven't you taken enough of us already

[@misschief4283]

So where is @CambrianChronicles from?

[@misschief4283]

he doesn't sound Welsh/Celtic?

[@misschief4283]

Women CAN inherit in Celtic tradition!

[@vicsaul5459]

A typical family barbecue! Brilliant 👌

[@BigTrucker]

Brilliant video butt!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you!

[@Hunter664yt]

0:57 I can relate to that comment so much I love gwynedd it my home but it cold and bit of a shithole in winter and early spring

[@CambrianChronicles]

Powys too, when it snows it's great, but otherwise its very grey and depressing!

[@imogenagnew]

Great video!

[@jeevanrehal3324]

man u have reely made this comment suction smeel bad how did u do thees

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you so much!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

Totally agree ,Imogen ,nice image...very Sir Gawain and the green knight...

[@changer_of_ways_suspense_smith]

We all know the British flag would be infinitely better if it had a dragon on it. Some day I'll visit my ancestral lands. Well, half. The other half are the vikings.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Absolutely! You should visit south-west Wales, there were Welsh and Vikings down there!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles not forgetting the Hiberno Norse enclave of the wirral, site of the great battle of Brunanburh/Bromborough 937AD.

[@samhammer1134]

Do you have a vid about St. Sampson?

[@CambrianChronicles]

I don't currently, but I could do in the future

[@samhammer1134]

I subscribed:) you do good work,thank you

[@evandxvies]

Fideo gwych 😀

[@CambrianChronicles]

Diolch yn fawr!

[@brynroberts9880]

Just a small point. You pronounced the name Cynan as "Synan" it should be pronounced "kynan". There's no "soft C" ( S sound) in Welsh only a "hard C" (K sound). S is just s.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you for the correction, my friend pointed this out to me only 2 days ago! I’ve corrected it for my future video (Kynlas Goch rather than Synlas Goch), please feel free to point out any other mistakes, thanks!

[@brynroberts9880]

@@CambrianChronicles no worries. Your pronunciation of harder things like place names and kingdoms was spot on.

[@eamonnclabby7067]

Good point...the soft c is used in Gaelic for the same name, not that I,m much of a Gaelic scholar, best wishes from a very wet and windy wirral peninsula...E

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@eamonnclabby7067 that’s very interesting, I didn’t know that! Unfortunately I wasn’t replicating Gaelic pronunciation, I just misread a name and I wasn’t familiar with it enough to catch it

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles no worries, as a fellow Irishman ( Dave Allen) RIP was wont to say......may your God go with you....cheers / slainte....E

[@jeevanrehal3324]

Welch is reel 😟 what the heck??

[@CambrianChronicles]

Allegedly!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles the Welsh placenames still endure here on the wirral.Wallasey ( Welsh Island) ,hybrid Welsh norse.Pensby..Field enclosure...and even us Irish....Noctorum/ dry hill...hybrid...Irby ,place of the Irish....

[@Memoir2301]

Wonder how far the law of dividing lands between all sons has set us back 😂

[@CambrianChronicles]

Well Welsh succession is kinda interesting, and the example seen in the end of this video is actually pretty atypical (as seen with all of the other successions in this video, and in the second part). There's lots of theories as to why exactly Rhodri's lands were divided, from it being the result of his eldest son (aka his primary heir) dying, to perhaps the lands not being as divided as we may have thought

[@Gw0wvl]

Audio is very quiet .

[@CambrianChronicles]

Yeah this was a long time ago, before I understood how to use Audacity properly, in a way its a blessing as it's harder to hear the low quality audio

[@Hedgehogz856]

Nawwww the “and they all died” got me 💀😭

[@Helliconia54]

interesting however. CYNAN is pronounce Kinan NEVER sinan. pronouncing C as a S is and English thing

[@LazySleestack]

Cool video, but I can barely hear this. I'm old and my hearing is not what it was, but even with the volume up to where I can hear most videos fine, this one is almost inaudible for me. Normally when this happens, I can make due with turning up the volume on the youtube control. But the narrator's voice is so soft it does almost no good. I would need to crank up the volume of my speakers. Not a complaint so much as an FYI.

[@thomasellis445]

Great video just one nitpick, the Normans never conquered Wales.

[@CambrianChronicles]

I’m glad you enjoyed! That’s fair, I wasn’t sure whether to label them the English or not, and if I labelled them the Plantagenets should I include the previous years of attempted Norman conquest. Should’ve just gone with the English in the end

[@damionkeeling3103]

@bina nocht The Anglo-Normans did have Norman ancestry and the Marcher Lords governed separately from the English Crown.

[@damionkeeling3103]

@bina nocht The Marcher Lords were Normans/Anglo-Normans given control of the regions between Wales and England. They owed fealty to the English King but otherwise could run their domains as they saw fit.

[@patrickoconnell4879]

damn!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you!

[@scottybottybanana]

“One of the only nations that didn’t make it onto the flag” - you forget cornwall exists! Had its own parliament until the 19th century and retains a different king to England0:03

[@callmedavid9696]

Guess I'm learning welsh history tonight

[@denisestevens2540]

Ross from friends nice touch LOL

[@CambrianChronicles]

Haha thank you!

[@plaguepug2091]

“Babies cannot inherit the throne”. Yea tell that to Bulgaria 😂

[@jeevanrehal3324]

I AM HAPPY TWO WATSH UR QWEEDIO

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you!

[@nicholasjones7312]

A tip for Welsh pronunciation; the letter “c” is pronounced like a “k” and never like a “s”.

[@KattAD]

I’m glad we’re not on the flag

[@CambrianChronicles]

That’s fair, I still think the Union Jack would be 100x cooler with a dragon on it, but then again what wouldn’t?

[@eamonnclabby7067]

People pay a lot for image rights...a very potent symbol...

[@michaelmoran9020]

Were you inspired by historia civilis? I feel like I'm watching Welsh historia civilis

[@markwynne725]

Didn't a lot of Rhodri Mawr's in-laws die without heirs? (Or rather there were heirs that were suddenly ineligible). Funny pattern Rhodri.

[@VivaCristoRei9]

sons of rome!

[@depthchargebetty3813]

My given name is Welsh so I have announced to my (unimpressed) family that I shall be called the “Princely Hound” henceforth.

[@CambrianChronicles]

I’m sure they will be very impressed if you tell them your name is over 1,500 years old!

[@depthchargebetty3813]

@@CambrianChronicles I even had a cape and crown on! Tough crowd, yet I shall prevail!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@depthchargebetty3813 fascinating stuff, Chuchuillen ( the Hound of Ulster) has an echo in the black Cuillins of Skye ,and present day anglicised Cullen, Collins, Colin..the hound connection goes right back to the Bronze age age of heroes...E

[@depthchargebetty3813]

@@eamonnclabby7067 that *is* fascinating! Ty for sharing!

[@TheChristianNomad]

The Welsh language sounds like a drunk trying to speak Latin. No one can convince me that Welsh isn't just a super popular guy with a speech impediment trying to speak Latin and everyone was just to nice to correct him and so they began speaking like him.

[@EdbertWeisly]

2:39 Really?

[@lsedge7280]

Rhodri the bigly large.

[@tomiros]

Someday I will get my lands back...

[@andyfowlds5738]

Mate, have you ever come across the seminal British Historians Wilson and Blackett? If so, have you read any of their books? Thanks.

[@gwynedd4023]

:D

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thanks for watching!

[@jeevanrehal3324]

Can u make video about Richard Dawkins he is so cool like u

[@SSRT_JubyDuby8742]

👍deployed like

[@CambrianChronicles]

Thank you! I appreciate it

[@jackryan444]

Ahh… that’s how you pronounce Cyrfednd.

[@simonpentwyn]

Da iawn a wych!

[@CambrianChronicles]

Diolch!

[@liberatumtaiwanae3580]

a true roman who fought attila under Aetius would be happy calling their far away cousins in Wales fellow ROMANS! i ve been patreon but youtube here i can project to big screens and show friends family such wonderful content. Gratia et scientia!!

[@UrsineBloke]

GWYNEDD MENTIONED🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿FE GODWN NI ETO🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿🏴󠁧󠁢󠁷󠁬󠁳󠁿

[@llywelynStratclyde]

Очень жаль, что не могу посмотреть на русском. Люблю Уэльс, это моя вторая любимая страна после России.

[@justinfinityiii]

Who were the people who designed the zodiac which covers much of Gwynedd

[@TheLRider]

Waaw. Why does all history start with the feckin Romans. There is a huge and interesting history of Gwynedd/North Wales like most of Western Europe, from whence we came here, dating back to the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron ages. Can we have the whole story please.

[@CambrianChronicles]

Of course! I love the Neolithic period, the Iron Age hill forts of Wales are amazing, my grandad allegedly lived next to a buried one! This video was convenient to start with the Romans as they laid the groundwork for the early kingdom of Gwynedd, and I didn’t want the video to be too long, but I’ll definitely cover the pre Roman period in the future!

[@TheLRider]

@bina nocht sorry I disagree. History is the story of what has gone before us, and to be honest I much prefer the history of archaeology as written down in scientifically reviewed papers and not interpreted and written down by what you call "historians", where we know too often where that history is hugely distorted in favour of whoever that historical record was being written for and by whom.

[@TheLRider]

@bina nochtSorry I disagree. Please study some well researched Archaeology and you will learn a lot more. It is fascinating. Start with Dr Alice Roberts' The Celts, A search for a Civilisation. Very readable and ever so educational..

[@TheLRider]

@bina nocht I just think that the "meaning" of the words, as in all historical documents, ties in nicely with the desire of certain prevailing societies to make their history more authentic/rekevant than others. That ofcourse is not true, and as Archaelogogy becomes more science based the opposite is/should be happening. So I say again we should just have history, time for change imo..

[@TheLRider]

@bina nocht I'm merely saying that it is all one continuum and as technology changes different records are left behind. The issue I have is that the written word is so often always written based on someone's opinions etc. and can therefore be used to justify oppression or escalation of certain points of view. Archaeology being a Science gets around that by only publishing peer reviewed material. I think that both disciplines have equal validity but history is always assumed to be the boss. Just look at the recent discoveries ref Stonehenge where it was initially erected in Pembrokeshire and then moved to its current location as the Neolithic peoples migrated East. That gives the whole story of ancient history and opinions about who we are etc a totally different slant imo. History tends to ignore those fundamental issues imo..

[@noahhasdisconnected5214]

POEYS?!

[@user-kf3dg3ud5m]

Byzantium is simply a collection of eastern provinces with a Greek population, when the real descendants of the Romans are the Romance peoples, such as the Italians, French, Spaniards, Portuguese and Romanians. There were also enclaves of the Western Roman Empire in the form of the Britto-Roman kingdoms of Gwynedd, Powys, Morgannwg and Rheged. Today they are modern Wales!

[@macinnes800ad]

If I remeber, wasn't Cunedda a former Roman soldier/general? Not a Roman Roman, but a Briton who fought for the Romans 😅 English is dumb

[@A.Mardle]

If Wales was so poor and lacking in agricultural potential , why was it repeatedly attacked (and settled) by Irish raiders and other pirates? Possibly they were just amphibious hooligans looking for a good fight, but it seems more likely that there was some financial motive for their persistent raiding.

[@BobbyBruce03]

Believe you me ! Wales has the oldest and deepest history in Britain..

[@emil_rainbow]

Not Germans! Saxons and Jutes. Germany was not a thing until the 19th Century.

[@CambrianChronicles]

True, I apologise for any confusion, I just used “Germans” as a convenient shorthand for myself and didn’t give it much thought. Although interestingly the Welsh didn’t distinguish between the Angles, Jutes and Saxons, they called them all “Saeson”

[@emil_rainbow]

@@CambrianChronicles Did post-Roman Britons consider themselves “Welsh”?

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@emil_rainbow They called themselves “Brythoniad” (Britons) for a very long time after the Romans left, historian John Davies says that the term “Cymry” (Welsh) didn’t appear to commonly refer to the people of modern-day Wales until around the 11th century!

[@eamonnclabby7067]

@@CambrianChronicles Britons ,as a people also appeared on a land grant for Cartmel in Cumbria assigned to Northumbria in the seventh century...

[@CambrianChronicles]

@@eamonnclabby7067 that’s really interesting, I had no idea!